UNSAFE ACTS AND

UNSAFE CONDITION

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CONSULTANS INC.
 Session Objectives
At the end of the session, the participants
will be able to:
§ Discuss the basic causes of workplace
accidents;
§ Define and differentiate accidents, unsafe acts
and unsafe conditions; and
§ Identify and enumerate different situations
and practices that constitute unsafe act and
unsafe condition

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 Work System
People

Environment Equipment

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Materials
CONSULTANS INC.
 Accident Theory

People

Environment Equipment

Materials

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 Accident
An occurrence or event that is:
• unexpected,
• unforeseen,
• unplanned and
• unwanted
that may or may not cause damage,
injury, fatality, loss or work stoppage.

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 ACCIDENT

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 Types of Accident
•Struck against rigid structure, sharp or
rough objects
•Struck by falling or flying objects,
sliding or moving parts
•Caught in, on, or between objects
•Fall on same level
•Fall on different levels
•Electrocution
• Fire

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 Common Reasons
for Accidents
• Layman’s version:

– ‘Oras na niya’
– ‘Malas niya lang’
– ‘Tanga kasi’
– ‘Kasama sa trabaho’

NOT REAL CAUSES --- ONLY EXCUSES!

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 Direct Costs

ICEBERG
THEORY

Indirect Costs

TRAINERS AND
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Direct Cost of Accidents

* Medical Expenses
* Equipment Damage
* Wasted Raw Materials
* Insurance Premiums
* Litigation Expenses

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 Indirect Cost of
Accidents
1. Injured Workers

* Lesser productivity
due to interruption
on day of injury
* Loss in efficiency
* Loss of income

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2. Other Employees

* loss productivity due to:

- work stoppage out of curiosity
- when assisting injured worker due to
inspection

* Loss in efficiency out of sympathy to the

injured

* Additional cost due to completion of

added work

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TRAINERS AND
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TRAINERS AND
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 Humane Aspects
– Sorrow due to loss
– Hardships and inconveniences
– Physical pain/discomfort
– Psychological problems

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 Primary Causes
of Accidents

• Unsafe Act
• Unsafe Condition

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 Unsafe Act

The human action that

departs from a standard or
written job procedure or
common practice, safety
rules, regulations or
instructions.

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Factors Contributing to Unsafe
Acts

• Improper Attitude
• Physical Limitations
• Lack of Knowledge or Skills

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 Improper Attitudes
• Operating Equipment without Authority
• Disregard of SOP or instructions
• Removing Safety Devices
• Using Defective equipment
• Using PPEs improperly
• Horseplay
• Willful intent to injure
• Working while under the influence of alcohol
or drugs
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 Physical Limitations
• Defective eyesight
• Muscular weakness due to fatigue
• Impaired hearing
• Short in Height
• Too tall in height
• Slow reactions

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Lack of Knowledge or Skill

• Failure to understand instruction

• Unaware of safe practices
• Unconvinced of safe practices
• Unskilled or unpracticed

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 Unsafe Condition

The physical or
chemical property of a
material, machine or
the environment which
could result in injury to
a person, damage or
destruction to property
or other forms of losses.

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 Hazards
• Safety hazards
- something that has a potential for
injury
• Health hazards
- something that has a potential to
cause illness

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 Accident Situation

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TRAINERS AND
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Exercise: Identification of Unsafe Acts and
Unsafe Conditions
1. Group yourselves.
2. Each group should designate a facilitator and a
rapporteur.
3. Each member should identify unsafe acts and conditions
in his/her respective work area.
4. Select 5-10 unsafe acts and unsafe conditions within
your group and list it at the kraft paper provided.
5. Worshop: 10 minutes
6. Presentation: 5 minutes / group
7. Comments from other groups: ~5 minutes

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Can accidents be
prevented?

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 Unsafe Act vs.
Unsafe Condition

•98% - preventable
• 2% - non-preventable

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CONSULTANS INC.
Occupational Safety and Health

Occupational Safety and Health is

devoted to the recognition and control of
those factors in the workplace, which may
cause death, injury, disability, sickness, or
great discomfort and inefficiency among
workers.

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 Focus of OSH

People
People
Equipment
Environment

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Materials
 Systems to Control
Unsafe Acts/Unsafe Conditions
Administrative Control :
Exposure time limitations, Safe work practices
Signs and signage, Training and Education

SOURCE PATH RECEIVER

Pre-contact: Point of contact:

Engineering Control :
Elimination/Minimization Personal Protective
Enclosure of the Hazard Equipment
Last line of defense
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 Coincidence or Not?
If,
ABC D EFGHI J K L M N O PQ R S T U V W X Y Z

Equals,
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

Then,
K+ N +O +W+ L +E+D+G+E
11 + 14 + 15 + 23 + 12 + 5 + 4 + 7 + 5 = 96%

H +A+R +D +W + O+ R +K
8 + 1 + 18 + 4 + 23 + 15 + 18 + 11 = 98%

Both are important, but the total falls just short of 100%

But,
A+T +T + I+T + U +D+E
1 + 20 + 20 + 9 + 20 + 21 + 4 + 5 = 100%
Safety really is about attitude. Make 100% Safe Behavior your
TRAINERS AND
CONSULTANS INC. choice both ON and OFF the job.
 Safety is about attitude.
Make 100% Safe Behavior your
choice both ON and OFF the job.

TRAINERS AND
CONSULTANS INC.