Instructions:

1. Write your answers on a Yellow pad paper only, back to back. Provide additional sheets if
needed and staple them.
2. Strictly Handwritten.

PART I

A. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs); Phentolamine

1. What is the mechanism of action of MAOIs, and in what situations are they commonly
prescribed?

2. Explain the role of Phentolamine as an antidote for MAOI poisoning. What considerations
should nurses keep in mind when administering Phentolamine?

B. Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs); Benzodiazepines, Phenytoin, Physostigmine

3. Please provide three (3) common TCAs and their therapeutic applications.

4. Describe how Benzodiazepines, Phenytoin, and Physostigmine can be used as antidotes for
TCA poisoning. Include dosage considerations and possible side effects.

C. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs); Cycloheptadiene

5. What are the common side effects and potential complications associated with SSRIs?

6. How is Cycloheptadiene utilized as an antidote for SSRI poisoning? What are the nursing
assessments and interventions?

D. Benzodiazepines; Flumazenil

7. What are the indications for Benzodiazepines?

8. Discuss how Flumazenil functions as an antagonist to counteract Benzodiazepine toxicity.

E. Beta Antagonists; Glucagon and Epinephrine

9. Provide three Beta antagonists and indicate their uses.

10. Could you please provide information on the use of Glucagon and Epinephrine, as antidotes,
for Beta antagonist poisoning? Additionally, what nursing assessments are essential when
managing cases?

F. Salicylate Poisoning: Activated Charcoal

11. What are the common sources and clinical manifestations of salicylate poisoning?
12. Describe the mechanism of action of activated charcoal as an antidote for salicylate
poisoning. What Nursing assessments should be prioritized when administering activated
charcoal?
G. Theophylline Poisoning: Charcoal; Beta Antagonist

13. What are the therapeutic uses of theophylline?

14. Question 4: Discuss the dual role of charcoal and beta antagonists as antidotes for
theophylline poisoning. What nursing considerations are essential in managing patients with
theophylline toxicity?

H. Insulin and Glucose: Sodium Polystyrene

15. What are the treatment goals for managing hyperkalemia.

16. Elaborate on the use of glucose and insulin, as well as sodium polystyrene, in treating
hyperkalemia. What nursing interventions are critical in this context?

I. Opiate Poisoning: Naloxone; Nalmefene

17. Enumerate three common opiates and their clinical effects.

18. Compare and contrast the roles of naloxone and nalmefene in opiate poisoning reversal.
What assessments should nurses conduct when administering these antidotes?

J. Isoniazid Poisoning: Pyridoxine

19. Isoniazid commonly used for?

20. What nursing considerations are essential in managing patients with isoniazid toxicity?
PART II

A. Cholinesterase Inhibitor Poisoning: Atropine

1. Provide examples of cholinesterase inhibitors and their clinical applications.

2. What nursing assessments and interventions are vital in the administration of atropine in
Cholinesterase Inhibitor Poisoning?

B. Heparin Overdose: Protamine Sulfate

3. What is the therapeutic use of heparin?

4. What nursing considerations should be taken into account when administering protamine
sulfate?

C. Isoniazid Poisoning: Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)

5. What is the use of isoniazid?

6. What nursing assessments and interventions are crucial when managing patients with
isoniazid toxicity?

D. Iron Poisoning: Deferoxamine

7. Identify two potential sources of iron exposure leading to toxicity.

8. What nursing considerations are essential when administering deferoxamine?

E. Warfarin Overdose: Vitamin K

9. What is the therapeutic use of warfarin?

10. What nursing assessments and interventions should be prioritized when administering
vitamin K in Warfarin Overdose?