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Chapter 09
Senses
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Chapter 09 - Senses
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Chapter 09 - Senses
4. The type of sensory receptors that respond to physical forces such as bending or stretching
the receptor are called
A. chemoreceptors.
B. thermoreceptors.
C. mechanoreceptors.
D. photoreceptors.
E. nociceptors.
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Chapter 09 - Senses
6. Pain felt in the left shoulder and arm as the result of a heart attack is an example of
A. referred pain.
B. localized pain.
C. anesthesia.
D. both localized pain and anesthesia.
E. both referred pain and localized pain.
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Chapter 09 - Senses
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Chapter 09 - Senses
9. ___________ detect light touch and superficial pressure and are found in the epidermis.
A. Meissner's corpuscles
B. Pacinian corpuscles
C. Merkel's disks
D. Ruffini corpuscles
E. Free nerve endings
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Chapter 09 - Senses
10. ____________ respond to fine, discriminative touch and are found just deep to the
epidermis.
A. Meissner's corpuscles
B. Pacinian corpuscles
C. Merkel's disks
D. Ruffini corpuscles
E. Free nerve endings
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Chapter 09 - Senses
11. ___________ detect deep pressure, vibration, and proprioception in tendons and joints.
A. Meissner's corpuscles
B. Pacinian corpuscles
C. Merkel's disks
D. Ruffini corpuscles
E. Free nerve endings
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Chapter 09 - Senses
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Chapter 09 - Senses
14. The fleshy part of the external ear on the outside of the head is the
A. external auditory canal.
B. ceruminous gland.
C. tympanic membrane.
D. auricle.
E. middle ear.
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Chapter 09 - Senses
15. The structure that opens into the pharynx and enables air pressure to be equalized
between the middle ear and the outside is
A. the oval window.
B. the round window.
C. the mastoid air cells.
D. the auditory tube.
E. the auditory ossicles.
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Chapter 09 - Senses
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Chapter 09 - Senses
17. Which of the following statements about the inner ear is NOT true?
A. The membranous labyrinth is filled with a clear fluid called endolymph.
B. The space between the membranous and bony labyrinth is filled with a fluid called
perilymph.
C. The membranous labyrinth is inside the bony labyrinth.
D. The cochlea and vestibule are both involved in hearing.
E. The semicircular canals are involved in balance, especially static equilibrium.
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Chapter 09 - Senses
18. In the cochlea, the space between the vestibular membrane and the basilar membrane is
called the
A. tectorial membrane.
B. cochlear duct.
C. scala vestibuli.
D. scala tympani.
E. spiral lamina.
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Chapter 09 - Senses
19. In the cochlea, the space that extends from the oval window to the apex of the cochlear
spiral is the:
A. cochlear duct.
B. scala vestibuli.
C. scala tympani.
D. spiral lamina.
E. tectorial membrane.
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Chapter 09 - Senses
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Chapter 09 - Senses
28. The following is a list of steps that occur in the production of an auditory sensation.
1) The pressure wave distorts the basilar membrane on its way to the round window causing
vibrations in the endolymph.
2) Movement of the tympanic membrane causes displacement of the malleus.
3) Action potentials are induced in the sensory neurons of the cochlear nerve (CN VIII).
4) Movement of the malleus causes movement of the incus and stapes.
5) Distortion of the basilar membrane forces the hair cells of the organ of Corti toward or
away from the tectorial membrane.
6) Movement of the oval window establishes pressure waves in the perilymph in the scala
vestibuli.
7) The microvilli of the hair cells bend.
What is the proper sequence of these steps?
A. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
B. 2, 4, 6, 1, 5, 7, 3
C. 2, 4, 1, 6, 5, 7, 3
D. 2, 5, 4, 6, 1, 3, 7
E. 2, 4, 1, 6, 5, 3, 7
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Chapter 09 - Senses
31. Tinnitus
A. consists of phantom sound sensations such as roaring or buzzing.
B. occurs when conflicting information reaches the brain from the inner ears and the eyes.
C. involves a fluid abnormality in one or both ears causing vertigo and hearing loss.
D. involves a mechanical deficiency in the transmission of sound waves from the outer ear to
the spiral organ.
E. involves a mis-function within the spiral organ or nerve pathways of the ear.
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35. Which of the following is NOT one of the four primary taste sensations?
A. bitter
B. salty
C. sour
D. spicy
E. sweet
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Chapter 09 - Senses
40. The ability to see many different color variations results from:
A. stimulation of combinations of the three types of rods.
B. stimulation of combinations of the three types of cones.
C. retinal detachment.
D. the sensitivity of rods to photons of light.
E. the different varieties of retinal in each cone type.
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Chapter 09 - Senses
43. A thin, transparent mucous membrane that covers the inner surface of the eyelids, and the
anterior surface of the eye is the
A. lacrimal gland.
B. conjunctiva.
C. lacrimal canaliculus.
D. nasolacrimal duct.
E. eyelashes.
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Chapter 09 - Senses
44. The firm, opaque, white, outer connective tissue layer of the posterior five-sixths of the
eye is the
A. sclera.
B. cornea.
C. vascular tunic.
D. choroid.
E. nervous tunic.
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HAPS Learning Outcome: I01.1 Identify the accessory eye structures, the tunics, the optical
components and the neural components of the eye.
HAPS Learning Outcome: I02.2 Trace the path of light as it passes through the eye to the
retina and the path of nerve impulses from the retina to various parts of the brain.
HAPS Learning Outcome: I02.3 Describe the structure of the retina and the cells that
compose it.
HAPS Learning Outcome: I02.5 Explain how the optical system of the eye creates an image
on the retina.
Learning Objective: 9.06B. Name the tunics of the eye, list the parts of each tunic, and
describe the functions of each part.
Section: 09.06
Topic: Nervous System
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Chapter 09 - Senses
49. Retinal
A. combines with rhodopsin to produce opsin.
B. releases energy when opsin attaches.
C. synthesis in rod cells requires vitamin A.
D. retains its shape when struck by light.
E. has all of these properties.
50. The spot where a number of blood vessels enter the eye, and where the optic nerve exits
the eye, is called
A. the macula.
B. the fovea centralis.
C. the blind spot.
D. the optic disk.
E. Both the blind spot and the optic disk are correct names.
HAPS Learning Outcome: I01.1 Identify the accessory eye structures, the tunics, the optical
components and the neural components of the eye.
Learning Objective: 9.06D. Describe the chambers of the eye and the fluids they contain.
Section: 09.06
Topic: Nervous System
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54. The part of the eye that produces the greatest amount of convergence of light is the
A. cornea.
B. lens.
C. humors.
D. fovea centralis.
E. optic disk.
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56. The lens focuses light on the photoreceptor cells by ______________; this movement is
accomplished by the _____________.
A. moving up and down, suspensatory ligaments
B. changing shape from spherical to flat, suspensatory ligaments & ciliary body
C. opening and closing, iris diaphragm
D. moving up and down, papillary constrictor muscles
E. moving towards the cornea, macula and fovea
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Chapter 09 - Senses
57. Which of the following is a FALSE statement about the eye and vision?
A. Light absorption in the eye requires the presence of photopigments such as rhodopsin.
B. The fovea contains mostly cones and is your area of sharpest vision.
C. Rods only detect the presence of light while cones detect the specific wavelength of light.
D. The human eye changes the focal distance to focus exactly like a camera focuses.
E. When viewing distant objects, your lens becomes more flat.
58. When you walk into a dark room, the _____ smooth muscles of the iris ____ the pupil of
your eye.
A. radial; dilate
B. radial; constrict
C. circular; dilate
D. circular; constrict
E. papillary; constrict
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59. You are walking down the street when a strange dog begins to chase you. You manage to
duck into a store and notice in a nearby hanging mirror that your pupils are very dilated.
Which of the following most likely accounts for this?
A. The parasympathetic nervous system was stimulated by the scare and it, in turn, stimulated
the circular smooth muscles of the iris to contract.
B. The parasympathetic nervous system was stimulated by the scare and it, in turn, stimulated
the radial smooth muscles of the iris to contract.
C. The sympathetic nervous system was stimulated by the scare and it, in turn, stimulated the
radial smooth muscles of the iris to contract.
D. The sympathetic nervous system was stimulated by the scare and it, in turn, stimulated the
circular smooth muscles of the iris to contract.
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60. Given below are the events that occur when light strikes the photopigment, rhodopsin.
What is the correct sequence?
1) Retinal changes shape.
2) Light strikes rhodopsin.
3) Cell changes are stimulated leading to vision.
4) Opsin changes shape.
5) Energy from ATP is used to attach retinal to opsin forming rhodopsin.
6) Retinal detaches from opsin.
A. 2, 1, 4, 3, 6, 5
B. 2, 5, 3, 4, 1, 6
C. 3, 1, 4, 2, 6, 5
D. 3, 6, 1, 2, 5, 4
E. 1, 4, 6, 2, 5, 3
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Chapter 09 - Senses
62. Nystagmus
A. is an involuntary rhythmic, repeated, oscillation of one or both eyes.
B. is a condition characterized by clouding of the lens as a result of advanced age.
C. is a condition in which one or both eyes are directed medially or laterally.
D. is an inflammation of the conjunctiva.
E. is a cyst caused by an infection of the sebaceous glands along the edge of the eyelid.
63. Which of the following statements concerning neuronal pathways for vision is NOT
correct?
A. Most of the optic tract neurons terminate in the thalamus.
B. Neurons of the superior colliculi form the fibers of the visual radiations.
C. Fibers of the visual radiations project to the visual cortex in the occipital lobe.
D. Optic nerves leave the orbit through the optic foramen.
E. Some axons in the optic nerves cross to the opposite side of the brain at the optic chiasma.
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Chapter 09 - Senses
65. When Grace Falle entered the dark theater, she tripped over someone's foot, and spilled
her popcorn. It was several minutes before she could see very well in the darkened theater.
However, on the way out she noted that her eyes became accustomed to the light in only a few
seconds. The most likely explanation for this would be that
A. her rod cells adapted to light faster than her cone cells did to the dark.
B. it takes longer to return rhodopsin to its original shape than it does to break it apart.
C. cone cells are more common in her retina than rod cells.
D. her fovea centralis may have been covered up by her optic disk.
E. she was probably red-green colorblind.
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Chapter 09 - Senses
66. During training for night combat, soldiers are trained to look slightly to one side of objects
they detect. This is because
A. looking directly at an object places the image on the fovea centralis.
B. looking directly at an object places the image on the optic disk.
C. color vision is better if you look slightly to one side of an object.
D. the fovea has very few rod cells, which are necessary for vision in dim light.
E. of both looking directly at an object places the image on the fovea centralis and the fovea
has very few rod cells, which are necessary for vision in dim light.
67. A person with cataracts was treated by surgically removing the lenses of his eyes. The
type of glasses he should get to compensate for the removal of his lenses would be
A. concave lenses.
B. convex lenses.
C. glasses to compensate for astigmatism.
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Chapter 09 - Senses
68. Which of these individuals with presbyopia would be least likely to need reading glasses?
A. Millie Molee, who has had myopia all her life.
B. Hal Hooper, who has had hyperopia all his life.
C. Mr. Stig Matig, who has had astigmatism all his life.
69. The inner layer of the eye that consists of the retina is known as
A. the conjunctiva.
B. the fibrous tunic.
C. the vascular tunic.
D. the nervous tunic.
E. the crystalline lens.
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