MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

Academic year: 2022-23 Institute Code: 0563

MICRO PROJECT

Prepare chart on type of Fuses

Program: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Semester: II

Course: ELEMENTS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

Course code: 22215

1
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ROLL NAME OF THE SEAT NO ENROLLMENT NO

NO STUDENTS

53 Hawaldar Heeba Muzaffar 124347 2205630238

54 Shaikh Inzilaa Tanzeem 124348 2205630239
Ahmed

This is to certify that Of Second Semester of Diploma in INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY of

Institute Pravin Patil College of Diploma Engineering and Technology, Bhayander (E) (Code: 0563) has
completed the Micro Project satisfactorily in subject ELEMENTS OF ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING (22215) for the academic year 2022-23 as prescribed in the curriculum.

Place: Bhayander (E)

Date: 23/03/2023

SUBJECT TEACHER HEAD OF DEPARTMENT PRINCIPAL

MRS. Priyanka Mam MR. NILESH VISPUTE MRS. R. PATIL

2
PART A – Micro Project Proposal Annexure –I

1.0 Brief Introduction:

A fuse is an electrical safety device that protects electrical circuits from overcurrents, which could cause damage or
create a fire hazard. When an electrical current exceeds the rated current of a fuse, the fuse will break the circuit and
prevent any further electrical flow. There are several different types of fuses available for different applications, and
each type has its own unique characteristics and advantages.

Types of Fuses:

 Cartridge Fuse: This type of fuse is a cylindrical or tubular shape with metal end caps, and it fits into a holder
that secures it in place. Cartridge fuses are commonly used in household appliances, power tools, and small
electronics.
 Blade Fuse: A blade fuse has a rectangular shape with two metal blades that fit into a fuse holder. Blade fuses
are commonly used in automotive and marine applications, as well as some consumer electronics.
 Glass Fuse: This type of fuse is small, cylindrical with metal end caps and a glass body. Glass fuses were
commonly used in older electronics, small appliances, and automotive applications.
 Thermal Fuse: A thermal fuse is designed to open when exposed to high temperatures, which can occur when
a device overheats. Thermal fuses are commonly used in hair dryers, irons, and other heat-producing
appliances.
 PTC Fuse: A PTC fuse is a self-resetting fuse that uses a positive temperature coefficient to limit current.
When the current exceeds the fuse's rated current, the resistance of the fuse increases, and it limits the current
flow. PTC fuses are commonly used in computers, battery chargers, and other electronics.
 Resettable Fuse: A resettable fuse is a type of fuse that can be reset after it has been tripped. This type of fuse
is commonly used in power supplies, battery chargers, and other electronics.

2.0 Aim of the Micro-Project:

1) To know what is Type Fuses and their uses.
2) To know application of Type Fuses

3.0 Action Plan:

Sr.no Details of Activity Planned Planed Name of Responsible
start date finish date team member
Discussion and finalization of topic
1
Preparation and submission of
2 Abstract
Collection of Data & Literature
3 Review
Discussion on outline of Content &
Formulation of the Content
4
Editing and proof Reading of
5 Content
Compilation of Report And
6 Presentation
7 Viva voce
Final submission of Micro Project
8
3
4.0 Resources Required:

Sr. No Name of Resource/Material Specificatios Qty Remarks

1 Open Learning Sources 1 Available
Videos/
websites/
books,
magazines
2 Charts survey Related 1 Available
information

4
5
PART A – Plan Micro Project Report Annexure –I A
Prepare chart on type of Fuses

1.0 Brief description: :

A fuse is an electrical safety device that protects electrical circuits from overcurrents, which could cause
damage or create a fire hazard. When an electrical current exceeds the rated current of a fuse, the fuse
will break the circuit and prevent any further electrical flow. There are several different types of fuses
available for different applications, and each type has its own unique characteristics and advantages.

Types of Fuses:

 Cartridge Fuse: This type of fuse is a cylindrical or tubular shape with metal end caps, and it fits into
a holder that secures it in place. Cartridge fuses are commonly used in household appliances, power
tools, and small electronics.
 Blade Fuse: A blade fuse has a rectangular shape with two metal blades that fit into a fuse holder.
Blade fuses are commonly used in automotive and marine applications, as well as some consumer
electronics.
 Glass Fuse: This type of fuse is small, cylindrical with metal end caps and a glass body. Glass fuses
were commonly used in older electronics, small appliances, and automotive applications.
 Thermal Fuse: A thermal fuse is designed to open when exposed to high temperatures, which can
occur when a device overheats. Thermal fuses are commonly used in hair dryers, irons, and other
heat-producing appliances.
 PTC Fuse: A PTC fuse is a self-resetting fuse that uses a positive temperature coefficient to limit
current. When the current exceeds the fuse's rated current, the resistance of the fuse increases, and it
limits the current flow. PTC fuses are commonly used in computers, battery chargers, and other
electronics.
 Resettable Fuse: A resettable fuse is a type of fuse that can be reset after it has been tripped. This
type of fuse is commonly used in power supplies, battery chargers, and other electronics.

2.0 Aim of the micro-project:

1) To know what is Types of Fuses and their uses.
2)To know application of Type of Fuses.

3.0 Course outcomes integrated:

Overall, the topic of types of fuses integrates various course outcomes related to electrical safety, circuit design and
analysis, maintenance and repair of electrical equipment, materials and manufacturing, and environmental
considerations. By understanding the different types of fuses and their characteristics, students can make informed
decisions when selecting the appropriate fuse type for specific applications, ensuring proper protection against
overcurrents and minimizing the risk of electrical hazards.

4.0 Actual procedure followed:

Discussion and finalization of topic, Preparation and submission of Abstract, Collection of Data
Literature Review, Discussion on outline of Content & Formulation of the Content, Editing and proof
Reading of Content, Compilation of Report and Presentation, Viva voce, Final submission of Micro
Project.

Outputs of the micro-project:

a) Able to collect particular data/ information from different sources.
b) Able to write a report using relevant content.
6
5.0 Actual resources used:

Sr. Name of
Specifications Qty Remarks
No Resource/Material
1
For
Videos/ websites/
1 Open Learning Sources information
books, magazines
Related
For report
2 Charts, Interviews, information 1
purpose

6.0 Skill Developed/Learning Out Of This Micro-Project:

1) Function as team member .
2) Follow Ethics.
3) To collect information from different sourses.

7
PART A – Plan Micro Project Report Annexure –I A

PREARARE A CHART ON TYPE OF FUSES

⚫ Define Type of Fuses:

Fuses are safety devices used to protect electrical circuits from overcurrents. When an electrical
current exceeds the rated current of a fuse, the fuse will break the circuit and prevent any further
electrical flow. There are several different types of fuses available for different applications, each
with its own unique characteristics and advantages.

One common type of fuse is the cartridge fuse, which is a cylindrical or tubular shape with metal end
caps and fits into a holder that secures it in place. Blade fuses are another type of fuse that has a
rectangular shape with two metal blades that fit into a fuse holder. Glass fuses are small and
cylindrical with metal end caps and a glass body. Thermal fuses are designed to open when exposed
to high temperatures, which can occur when a device overheats. PTC fuses are self-resetting fuses
that use a positive temperature coefficient to limit current. Resettable fuses are another type of fuse
that can be reset after they have been tripped.

Understanding the different types of fuses and their characteristics is essential to ensure that the
correct type of fuse is selected for a specific application. Factors to consider when selecting a fuse
type include the application, current rating, voltage rating, and environmental conditions. Knowledge
of the different types of fuses can help to ensure proper protection against overcurrents, ensuring
electrical safety and preventing damage or fire hazards.

⚫ Working Principle of Type Of Fuses :

The working principle of fuses is to protect electrical circuits from overcurrents. When an electrical current
exceeds the rated current of a fuse, the fuse will break the circuit by melting a metallic element or wire
inside the fuse. This break in the circuit prevents any further electrical flow, protecting the electrical
components in the circuit from damage or fire hazards.

The working principle of different types of fuses can vary based on their design. For example, cartridge
fuses typically contain a wire filament or a metallic element that melts when exposed to overcurrents. In
contrast, blade fuses use a similar metallic element in a plastic body, which is designed to melt and break the
circuit when exposed to excessive current.

Glass fuses contain a thin wire or filament that is surrounded by sand or glass powder, which helps to
extinguish the arc that occurs when the fuse melts. Thermal fuses operate based on the principle of
temperature sensing and contain a fusible element that melts when exposed to high temperatures. Resettable
fuses or PTC fuses work by using a thermistor that has a high resistance when cool but low resistance when
heated. When the current exceeds the rated limit, the thermistor heats up and increases resistance, limiting
the current flow.

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Overall, the working principle of fuses involves interrupting the flow of electrical current when it exceeds
the rated limit, protecting electrical components from damage or fire hazards. Different types of fuses use
different mechanisms to achieve this, but they all operate based on the principle of overcurrent protection

⚫ Type Of Fuses Working:

 The working of a fuse is based on the principle of overcurrent protection. When an electrical circuit
experiences an overcurrent, the fuse interrupts the flow of electrical current by melting a metallic element or
wire inside the fuse. This break in the circuit prevents any further electrical flow, protecting the electrical
components in the circuit from damage or fire hazards.
 When electrical current flows through a fuse, it passes through a thin wire or filament inside the fuse. This
wire or filament is designed to melt when exposed to current above the rated limit, interrupting the circuit and
stopping the flow of current. The wire or filament is made of a material with a low melting point, such as
copper or aluminum, which ensures that the fuse melts quickly when exposed to overcurrents.
 The time it takes for a fuse to melt and interrupt the circuit depends on the amount of overcurrent flowing
through the circuit. Fuses are designed to have a specific current rating, which indicates the maximum amount
of current that the fuse can handle without melting. If the current flowing through the circuit exceeds the
current rating of the fuse, the fuse will melt and interrupt the circuit.
 After a fuse has melted and interrupted the circuit, it must be replaced to restore electrical continuity. Fuses
can be replaced with a new fuse of the same type and rating. In some cases, resettable fuses or PTC fuses are
used, which can be automatically reset when the current flow returns to normal levels.
 Overall, the working of a fuse is straightforward and essential for protecting electrical circuits from
overcurrents, preventing damage to electrical components and minimizing the risk of fire hazards

⚫ Construction:

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⚫ Operation of Type Of Fuses :

 The operation of fuses is based on the principle of overcurrent protection. When an electrical circuit
experiences an overcurrent, the fuse interrupts the flow of electrical current by melting a metallic element
or wire inside the fuse. This break in the circuit prevents any further electrical flow, protecting the
electrical components in the circuit from damage or fire hazards.

 The operation of fuses depends on the type of fuse. However, the basic operation of fuses is the same,
which involves the following steps:

 Current flows through the fuse - When electrical current flows through a fuse, it passes through a thin wire
or filament inside the fuse.

 Overcurrent occurs - If the current flowing through the circuit exceeds the current rating of the fuse, the
fuse will melt and interrupt the circuit. The time it takes for a fuse to melt and interrupt the circuit depends
on the amount of overcurrent flowing through the circuit.

 Metallic element melts - The metallic element or wire inside the fuse is designed to melt when exposed to
current above the rated limit, interrupting the circuit and stopping the flow of current. The wire or filament
is made of a material with a low melting point, such as copper or aluminum, which ensures that the fuse
melts quickly when exposed to overcurrents.

 Circuit is interrupted - After the metallic element inside the fuse melts, it interrupts the circuit, preventing
any further flow of current and protecting the electrical components in the circuit from damage or fire
hazards.

 Fuse must be replaced - After a fuse has melted and interrupted the circuit, it must be replaced to restore
electrical continuity. Fuses can be replaced with a new fuse of the same type and rating. In some cases,
resettable fuses or PTC fuses are used, which can be automatically reset when the current flow returns to
normal levels.

 Overall, the operation of fuses is crucial for protecting electrical circuits from overcurrents, preventing
damage to electrical components, and minimizing the risk of fire hazards. The metallic element or wire
inside the fuse is carefully selected to ensure that it melts quickly when exposed to overcurrents,
minimizing damage to electrical components and reducing the risk of fire hazards.

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⚫ Symbol of Autotransformer:

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⚫

 Types of Fuses
 There are several types of fuses, each designed to provide protection against overcurrent’s in
different applications. Some of the common types of fuses include:

 Cartridge fuses - These are cylindrical fuses that are designed to fit into a holder that secures
them in place. Cartridge fuses are used in a wide range of applications, including power supplies,
lighting, and appliances.

 Blade fuses - These are rectangular-shaped fuses with two metal blades that fit into a fuse holder.
Blade fuses are commonly used in automotive applications, such as cars, trucks, and boats.

 Glass fuses - These are small cylindrical fuses with metal end caps and a glass body. Glass fuses
are commonly used in electronic applications, such as televisions, computers, and other consumer
electronics.

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⚫

 Thermal fuses - These fuses contain a fusible element that melts when exposed to high
temperatures. Thermal fuses are commonly used in appliances, such as ovens, dryers, and coffee
makers.

 Resettable fuses or PTC fuses - These fuses use a thermistor that has a high resistance when cool
but low resistance when heated. Resettable fuses are commonly used in electronic applications,
such as USB ports and battery charging circuits.

 High voltage fuses - These fuses are designed to protect against overcurrents in high voltage
applications, such as power transmission lines and substations.

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  SMD fuses - These are surface mount fuses that are used in electronic applications, such as
printed circuit boards.

The selection of a specific type of fuse depends on the application, voltage rating, and current rating
requirements.

⚫ Advantages of Type of Fuses:

There are several advantages to using fuses as a form of overcurrent protection in electrical
circuits, including:

 Cost-effective - Fuses are a relatively low-cost solution for protecting electrical circuits
against overcurrents. They are readily available and require minimal maintenance,
making them a cost-effective solution for a wide range of applications.

 Easy to install - Fuses are easy to install and replace, making them a popular choice for
both DIY and professional applications. They come in a variety of shapes and sizes, and
many are designed to be inserted into a fuse holder, making installation and replacement
straightforward.

 Reliable - Fuses are a reliable form of overcurrent protection. They are designed to
operate under a wide range of environmental conditions and can withstand significant
current surges without failure.

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⚫

 Fast-acting - Fuses are designed to operate quickly when an overcurrent occurs. They can
interrupt the flow of current within milliseconds, providing rapid protection against
electrical faults and minimizing the risk of damage to electrical components.

 High interrupting rating - Fuses have a high interrupting rating, which means they can
safely interrupt the flow of current under fault conditions without causing further damage
to the electrical system.

 Wide range of current ratings - Fuses are available in a wide range of current ratings,
making it easy to select the appropriate fuse for the specific application. This ensures that
the electrical circuit is protected against overcurrents without compromising the system's
performance.

Overall, fuses provide an effective and reliable form of overcurrent protection in

electrical circuits. Their cost-effectiveness, ease of installation, reliability, and fast-acting
properties make them a popular choice for a wide range of applications.

Disadvantages of Type of fuse :

 While fuses offer several advantages as a form of overcurrent protection, there are also
some disadvantages to consider:

 One-time use - Fuses are designed to operate once and then need to be replaced. This means
that in the event of an overcurrent, the fuse will need to be replaced, which can be
inconvenient and may result in downtime for the system.

 Inaccuracy - The current rating of a fuse may not always be precisely accurate. This can
result in the fuse not blowing at the correct current level, which may cause damage to the
electrical components it is supposed to be protecting.

 Limited protection - Fuses are limited in the amount of overcurrent protection they can
provide. For example, a fuse may not provide sufficient protection against short-duration
surges of current that could damage sensitive electronic components.

 Slow response time - While fuses are designed to operate quickly, they may not always
respond fast enough to prevent damage to electrical components. In some cases, the
response time of a fuse may be slower than that of other forms of overcurrent protection,
such as circuit breakers.

15
  Temperature sensitivity - Some types of fuses, such as thermal fuses, are sensitive to
temperature changes. If the ambient temperature is too high, the fuse may blow
prematurely, even if the current is within the fuse's current rating.

 Size limitations - Fuses are available in a range of sizes, but they may not always be suitable
for compact or high-density applications. In some cases, other forms of overcurrent
protection may be required, such as resettable fuses or circuit breakers.

 Overall, while fuses offer an effective and reliable form of overcurrent protection, they also
have limitations and may not be suitable for all applications. Careful consideration of the
application's requirements is necessary when selecting the appropriate type of fuse to
ensure the electrical system's safe and reliable operation.

Application of Type Of Fuses:

Fuses are widely used in a variety of applications to provide overcurrent protection. Some
common applications of fuses include:

 Residential and commercial electrical systems - Fuses are commonly used to protect electrical
circuits in homes, businesses, and other buildings. They are typically installed in a fuse box or
panel to provide protection against overcurrents.

 Automotive systems - Fuses are used in automotive systems to protect the electrical circuits from
overcurrents that could cause damage to the system or even start a fire. They are typically found
in the fuse box or panel of the vehicle.

 Industrial systems - Fuses are used in a wide range of industrial applications, including
manufacturing, power generation, and distribution. They are often used to protect large electrical
systems, such as motors and transformers.

 Electronics - Fuses are used in electronic devices to protect the circuits from overcurrents that
could damage sensitive components. They are typically found on printed circuit boards and are
often referred to as "surface mount fuses."

 Medical equipment - Fuses are used in medical equipment to protect the circuits from
overcurrents that could damage the equipment or harm the patient. They are commonly used in
X-ray machines, CT scanners, and other medical devices.

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 ⚫

 Renewable energy systems - Fuses are used in renewable energy systems, such as solar panels
and wind turbines, to protect the electrical circuits from overcurrents that could damage the
system or cause a safety hazard.

Overall, fuses are a versatile form of overcurrent protection that can be used in a wide range of
applications to provide reliable and cost-effective protection against electrical faults.

Example of Type Of Fuse :

An example of a fuse is the standard cartridge fuse commonly used in residential, commercial,
and industrial applications. The cartridge fuse consists of a cylindrical body made of ceramic or
glass, with metal end caps that provide electrical connections. Inside the body of the fuse is a thin
metal wire or filament, which is designed to melt and break the circuit when an overcurrent
condition occurs.

One example of a cartridge fuse is the Bussmann FRS-R-200 fuse, which has a voltage rating of
600V and a current rating of 200 amps. This fuse is commonly used to protect electrical circuits
in large commercial or industrial facilities, such as manufacturing plants or data centers.

Another example of a fuse is the blade fuse, commonly used in automotive applications. The
blade fuse consists of a plastic body with two metal blades that plug into a fuse block. One
example of a blade fuse is the Littelfuse MINI fuse, which has a voltage rating of 32V and a
range of current ratings from 2 amps to 30 amps. This type of fuse is commonly used to protect
electrical circuits in cars, trucks, and other vehicles.

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 Overall, fuses are a critical component of many electrical systems and are used to protect
equipment from overcurrent conditions that could cause damage or create a safety hazard.

⚫ Uses of Fuses :
An example of a fuse is the standard cartridge fuse commonly used in residential, commercial, and
industrial applications. The cartridge fuse consists of a cylindrical body made of ceramic or glass, with
metal end caps that provide electrical connections. Inside the body of the fuse is a thin metal wire or
filament, which is designed to melt and break the circuit when an overcurrent condition occurs.

One example of a cartridge fuse is the Bussmann FRS-R-200 fuse, which has a voltage rating of 600V
and a current rating of 200 amps. This fuse is commonly used to protect electrical circuits in large
commercial or industrial facilities, such as manufacturing plants or data centers.

Another example of a fuse is the blade fuse, commonly used in automotive applications. The blade fuse
consists of a plastic body with two metal blades that plug into a fuse block. One example of a blade fuse
is the Littelfuse MINI fuse, which has a voltage rating of 32V and a range of current ratings from 2 amps
to 30 amps. This type of fuse is commonly used to protect electrical circuits in cars, trucks, and other
vehicles.

Overall, fuses are a critical component of many electrical systems and are used to protect equipment from
overcurrent conditions that could cause damage or create a safety hazard.

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⚫

 Conclusion:
In conclusion, fuses are an important component of electrical systems that provide overcurrent
protection. There are many types of fuses available, each with its own unique features and
benefits. Some common types of fuses include cartridge fuses, blade fuses, resettable fuses,
thermal fuses, high-voltage fuses, and semiconductor fuses.

The selection of a fuse will depend on the specific requirements of the application, such as the
voltage and current levels, the size and type of equipment being protected, and the level of
protection required. Fuses are widely used in residential, commercial, and industrial applications,
as well as in automotive, electronics, medical, and renewable energy systems.

Overall, fuses provide a reliable and cost-effective means of protecting electrical systems from
overcurrent conditions, and are an essential component of many electrical systems.

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 Reference:
www.tutorialspoint.com/what-is-an-autotransformer
https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/transformer/auto-transformer.html
https://eepower.com/technical-articles/autotransformer-applications
www.globalspec.com/learnmore/electrical_electronic_components/transformer…

20
Teacher Evaluation Sheet Annexure-IV
Name of Student: Hawaldar Heeba Muzzafar Enrollment: 2205630238 Roll No: 53
Name of Program: -INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Semester: Second
Course Title: ELEMENTS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERIN Code:- 22215 Project
Title : Prepare a chart on Type Of Fuses.
Course Outcomes: when selecting the appropriate fuse type for specific applications, ensuring proper
protection against overcurrents and minimizing the risk of electrical hazards.

Evaluation as per Suggested Rubric for Assessment of Micro-Project

Sr Characteristic to be Assessed Poor Average Good Excellent
. (Marks 1-3) (Marks 4- (Marks 6- (Marks
No 5) 8) 9-10)
(A) Process and Product Assignment (convert above total marks out of 6 marks)

1 Relevance to the course

2 Literature Survey / Information
Collection
3 Completion of the Target as per
project proposal
4 Analysis of Data and
Representation

5 Quality of Prototype/Model

6 Report Preparation
(B) Individual presentation/VIVA (Convert above total marks out of 4 marks)

7 Presentation
8 Defense
(A) Process Assessment (B) Product Total Marks(A&B)
(Marks 6) Assessment (Marks 10)
(marks 4)

Comments / Suggestions about team work / leadership / inter-personal communication :-

________________________________________________________________________