Transformer

Table of contents

01.- 02.- 03.-

Types Components
Introduction Of Of
Transformers Transformers
01
Introduction
Introduction
Transformers - These are the electric devices which
take electricity of one voltage and converts into
other.
❏ They increase and decrease voltage according
to need.
❏ It consists of primary windings to which current
source is connected and secondary winding
through which we take output.
❏ Both windings are on laminated soft iron core.
❏ It works on the principle of Mutual Induction.
Types of Transformers

Step Up Transformers Step Down Transformers

In step up transformers number of In step down transformers number
turns of primary are less as of turns of primary windings are
compared to number of turns of more as compared to number of
secondary windings. turns of secondary windings.
Components of Transformers

Core Windings

Transformer Oil Oil Conservator

Breather Cooling Tubes

Buchholz Relay Explosion Vent

Core
Core is used to provide support to the
primary windings and secondary
windings. It is made up of laminated
soft iron core in order to reduce eddy
current loss and hysteresis loss.
Windings
There are two windings wound over
the transformer core which are
insulated from each other.
Windings consists of several turns of
copper coil.
Transformer Oil
Transformer oil performs two
functions.
It provides insulation as well as cooling
for the core and windings of
transformer.
Core and windings should be
completely immersed in oil.
Oil Conservator
The Conservator is designed to act as
a reservoir for the transformer oil.
An increase in temperature causes
the oil in the transformer to expand.
The Conservator provides space for
this expansion of the oil.
Breather
Breather are used to absorb the
moisture content from the sucked air,
while the transformer oil gets
expanded due to heating.
Breathers filled with silica gels are
provided to separate moisture from
the sucked air.
Silica gel turns blue when it becomes
saturated with moisture and it needs
to be replaced.
Cooling Tubes
Function of the cooling tubes is to
maintain the working temperature of
the transformer.
It is used to dissipate heat.
Heat is produced by copper losses
and iron losses in transformers and
plain surface is not enough to
dissipate the heat, so tubes are used
to dissipate the heat.
Buchholz Relay
Buchholz Relay is a safety device
which is used in large transformers.
It is oil and gas actuated protection.
It is used for the protection of a
transformer from the faults occurring
inside the transformer.
Explosion Vent
The explosion vent is a large-diameter
tube, usually located at the top of the
transformer due to any fault, then the
blast of the explosion will be allowed
to escape through the explosion vent,
rather than causing the transformers
tank to explode