Agri NC 3 CBLM

SECTOR
AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERY SECTOR
QUALIFICATION
AGRICULTURAL CROPS PRODUCTION NC III
COMPETENCY
BASED
LEARNING
MATERIALS
MODULE CONTENT
Date Prepared : Issued by:
AGRICULTURAL Quantum Skills
CROPS and Training
Institute 1
PRODUCTION Developed by: Revision # 1
NC III Yolanda A. Julian
BASIC COMPETENCY
Unit of Competency: Receive and respond to workplace communication

Module Title : Receiving and responding to workplace communication
LO1: FOLLOW ROUTINE SPOKEN MESSAGES
INFORMATION SHEET No. 1.1.1
Understand the importance of communication in the workplace

Describe the process of communication, both verbal and non-verbal
Identify the different communication channels and barriers to effective communication
• Demonstrate how changes in technology have affected communication within and between
organisations and their employees
• Explain how to overcome potential problems in inter-cultural communication
• Communication is the sharing or exchange of information
• All individuals, groups and organisations communicate by sharing ‘meaning’ between each other
• Communicating is a two-way process, as it is also about being understood and belonging to a
group
• Communication and organisational success are directly related
• Good communication can have a positive and mobilising effect on employees
• Poor communication can lead to strong negative consequences, such as the distortion of
goals and objectives, conflict, loss of motivation and poor performance
What is the Purpose of Communication?
• People have always needed to communicate to live in social groups and to plan and coordinate
activity
• No group or organisation can exist without sharing meaning in some way between its members
• When we communicate with others, we are usually trying to influence other people’s
understanding, behaviour or attitudes
• Core to most organisational activity is an understanding of the process of communication and
how the use of different communication channels can impact on the messages delivered and
received

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SELF CHECK 1.1.1
True or False
1. Communication can be verbal or non=verbal in a workplace.
2. In communication process, it is not important to have feedback and understanding.
3. People need not communication to live in social groups.
ANSWER KEY 1.1.1
1. True
2. False
3. False

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LO2: PERFORM WORKPLACE DUTIES FOLLOWING WRITTEN NOTICE
INFORMATION SHEET 1.2.1
How important is it in the workplace?
• Mintzberg (1990) describes the purpose of communication with others in the workplace as
being able to inform, instruct, motivate or seek information
• From a top management perspective, the purpose of organisational communication is to
achieve coordinated action
• The members of the organisation will not have a focus if they are not involved in effective
communication with one another
• Employers expect employees to be effective communicators and rate employees for their
communicative performances
• Communication is a key issue that impacts on planning effectiveness, organisational change and
implementation
• It is pivotal to dealing with people and the workplace, and is fundamental to organisational
success
How does the communication process work?

• Communication in organisations is crucial:
– It may be deliberate in terms of a verbal instruction, an email or a written report
– It may be more casual in terms of a chat at lunch
– It may be unintentional in terms of body language observed at a meeting
• In order to get a message across accurately the following must be considered:
– The message
– The audience or receiver

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CONTEXT
PERCE PERCE
PTUAL PTUAL
CHANNE
CODIN DECOD
L
G OF ING OF
Verbal,
MESSA MESSA
non-
verbal,
1. MESS 2.
SENDE AGE RECEIV
R ER
NOISE
FEEDB
ACK
CONTEXT
How the message is likely to be received
The Communications Process

Interpersonal Communication and Active Listening
• Listening has a major impact on job effectiveness, and on relationship quality with others
– It is used to not only receive the message and obtain the information but to understand
it and to learn from it
• Active Listening is a process of making a conscious effort to sense, process and respond actively
to a communicated message
• Active listening would require that you sense (receive the message, for example a name in an
introduction), process, (assign a meaning to the information transmitted) and then respond,
(clarifying what you have heard)
• Active listening is not only consciously engaging in listening and being encouraging, but it also
requires deferring judgement, letting the sender complete their point before asking question

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SELF CHECK: 1.2.1
1. How important is worker performing in the workplace?

2. What is the Purpose of Communication?
3. Discuss the process of communication
ANSWER KEY 1.2.1
1.
• Mintzberg (1990) describes the purpose of communication with others in the workplace as
being able to inform, instruct, motivate or seek information
• From a top management perspective, the purpose of organisational communication is to
achieve coordinated action
• The members of the organisation will not have a focus if they are not involved in effective
communication with one another
• Employers expect employees to be effective communicators and rate employees for their
communicative performances
• Communication is a key issue that impacts on planning effectiveness, organisational change and
implementation
• It is pivotal to dealing with people and the workplace, and is fundamental to organisational
success
2.
• People have always needed to communicate to live in social groups and to plan and coordinate
activity
• No group or organisation can exist without sharing meaning in some way between its members
• When we communicate with others, we are usually trying to influence other people’s
understanding, behaviour or attitudes
• Core to most organisational activity is an understanding of the process of communication and
how the use of different communication channels can impact on the messages delivered and
received
3 . Communication is a two way process involving input output system where there is a sender and a
receiver with the goal of feedback understanding and satisfaction.

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TASK SHEET 1.2.1
TASK SHEET 1.2.1
Title:
Performing call simulation
Performance Objective: Given the necessary materials, tools, equipment, the candidate must be able to
perform call simulation.
Supplies / Materials:
Pen and Paper
Equipment
Mobile phone
Steps/Procedure:
Familiarize with the script

Communicate and listen with feedback and understanding
Practice repeatedly
Unit of Competency: WORK WITH OTHERS

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Module title: WORKING WITH OTHERS
LO1: DEVELOP EFFECTIVE WORKPLACE RELATIONSHIP
Use the following strategies to build good work relationships with your co-workers, manager,
customers, and other stakeholders:
1. Identify Your Relationship Needs.
2. Develop Your People Skills.
3. Focus on Your EI.
4. Practice Mindful Listening.
5. Manage Your Boundaries.
6. Schedule Time to Build Relationships.
7. Appreciate Others.
8. Be Positive.
What are relationships in the workplace?
Relationships in the workplace are the interactions you have with your colleagues. When you have
effective relationships with other professionals and team members, you are more likely to enjoy your
day-to-day. Building relationships in the workplace is also important for career success. Not only do
relationships with colleagues in the workplace assist with networking, but they can also offer you the
guidance and encouragement you need to succeed in your role. Workplace relationships offer the
following benefits:
 Increased satisfaction with your career

 Increased comfort with presentations and team meetings
 Improved productivity for all team members
 Moral support and assistance with meeting difficult timelines
 Higher retention rates

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SELF CHECK 2.1.1
1. Relationships in the workplace are the interactions you have with your colleagues.
2. Relationships in the workplace decreased satisfaction in our career.
3. Relationships in the workplace improved productivity in the team.
4. Building relationships in the workplace is also important for career success. Not only do
relationships with colleagues in the workplace assist with networking, but they can also
offer you the guidance and encouragement you need to succeed in your role.
5. Relationships in the workplace provided higher retention rates.
ANSWER KEY 2.1.1
1. True
2. False
3. True
4. True
5. True

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LO2: CONTRIBUTE TO WORK GROUP ACTIVITIES
Elements of good workplace relationships
Understanding the elements of a good workplace relationship can assist you in evaluating your own
relationships and identifying the areas in which you want to improve. Good workplace relationships tend
to have the following characteristics:
 Trust: The ability to trust your coworkers and the feeling that you can rely on them is an
important characteristic when building a workplace relationship.
 Acceptance: Acceptance and understanding of one another and your role in the workplace
relationship is an important element.
 Team member: Individuals who work well in a team setting, doing their fair share of the work
and giving credit when it is due, tend to have stronger relationships.
 Open communication: Open communication is crucial to any relationship, including a workplace

one. Encouraging open communication, asking questions and getting to know your coworkers is
one of the first steps toward a working relationship.
How to build relationships in the workplace
Building positive relationships in the workplace may come naturally to some. However, even if you are
unsure how to transition coworker relationships into positive workplace relationships, you can use the
following steps:
1. Understand your strengths and weaknesses.

2. Schedule time to develop relationships.
3. Ask questions and listen.
4. Offer assistance.
5. Know when to ask for assistance.
6. Appreciate each employee’s role.
7. Keep your commitments.
8. Be present.

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SELF CHECK: 2.2.1
Fill in the blanks

1. ____________________The ability to trust your coworkers and the feeling that you can rely on
them is an important characteristic when building a workplace relationship.
2. ____________________is crucial to any relationship, including a workplace one. Encouraging
open communication, asking questions and getting to know your coworkers is one of the first
steps toward a working relationship.
3.____________________Individuals who work well in a team setting, doing their fair share of the
work and giving credit when it is due, tend to have stronger relationships.
ANSWER KEY 2.2.1:
1. Trust
2. Open Communication
3. Team Member

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Unit of Competency: Demonstrate Work Values
Module Title : Demonstrating Work Values
LO1. DEFINE PURPOSE OF WORK
Apply work values/ethics
Your work values are the subset of your beliefs and ideas that are related to your occupation or job.
These core principles are an important part of who you are. They include things like honesty, service,
self-respect, respect for others, peace, and success.
What are some examples of work values?

Some (possibly conflicting) examples of workplace values include:
 Being accountable.
 Making a difference.
 Focusing on detail.
 Delivering quality.
 Being completely honest.
 Keeping promises.
 Being reliable.
 Being positive.
Know the Law
Research federal, state and municipal labor and employment laws pertaining to whistleblowing.
Refrain from making employment decisions, such as termination or suspension, in connection with
whistleblowing or an employee’s right to protected activity under whistleblowing laws or public
policy. Seek legal advice for employee reports of workplace ethics issues that increase your
organization’s liability under federal, state or municipal employment law.
Under the Texas Whistleblower Act, for example, public-sector employees may be entitled to
damages if an employer engages in retaliatory actions based on an employee who, in good faith, files
a complaint related to workplace ethics. This Act grants "[a] public employee who claims that his
suspension, termination, or other adverse personnel action was in retaliation for his good faith
reporting of violations of the law the right to sue for damages and other relief."

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Set Workplace Expectations
Develop a workplace policy based on your company’s philosophy, mission statement and code of
conduct. Incorporate the policy into your performance management program to hold employees
accountable for their actions and alert them to their responsibilities to uphold professional standards
throughout their job performance and interaction with peers and supervisors. Revise your employee
handbook to include the policy and provide copies of the revised handbook to employees. Obtain
signed acknowledgement forms from employees that indicate they received and understand the
workplace ethics policy.
Train Your Employees
Provide workplace ethics training to employees. Utilize varied instruction methods to engage
employees in learning how to address and resolve ethical dilemmas. Experiential learning, or role-
play, is an effective way to facilitate workplace ethics training. Examples of workplace ethics
simulations involve scenarios about the misappropriation of company funds, personal values related
to improper workplace relationships and the organization’s compliance with regulatory controls.
Put Someone in Charge
Designate an ombudsperson in charge of handling employees’ informal concerns pertaining to

workplace ethics. Consider whether your organization also needs an ethics hotline, which is a
confidential service employees may contact whenever they encounter workplace dilemmas that put
them into uncomfortable or threatening positions. Confidential hotlines are an effective way to assure
employees’ anonymity, which is a concern for employees whose alerts are considered
“whistleblowing” actions.
Be Fair When Applying Policies
Apply your workplace policy consistently when addressing workplace issues and employee concerns
about workplace ethics. Use the same business principles in every circumstance, regardless of the
perceived seriousness or the level of employees involved. Communicate the same expectations for all
employees – whether they are in executive positions or front-line production roles – and approach
every issue with equal interpretation of the company policy.
3.4.1 Maintain integrity of conduct in the workplace
Here are some tips you can use to maintain your own professional integrity and encourage an entire
culture of ethical behavior in the workplace.

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1. Treat everyone the same.
2. Reward honesty.
3. Admit your mistakes.
4. Encourage teams to speak freely.
5. Conduct self-assessments.
7. Put in maximum effort.
SELF CHECK 3.1.1
1. Work values are the subset of your beliefs and ideas that are related to your occupation or job.
T or F
2. What are some examples of work values?
ANSWER KEY 3.1.1
1. T
2. Being accountable.
Making a difference.
Focusing on detail.
Delivering quality.
Being completely honest.
Keeping promises.
Being reliable.
Being positive.

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LO2 APPLY WORK
Benefits of standardized work

1. Reduces variability
By standardizing the most efficient way to perform processes, standardized work reduces variations in
the output. Work becomes predictable: quality, costs, required inventory, and delivery times can be
anticipated.
2. Helps your people
Shop floor operators are sometimes under the impression that their highly variable work cannot be
standardized, or that implementing standards will make their work boring. Quite the opposite: enforcing
standardized work increases efficiency, thus
making more time for creative work.
Standardized work also helps operators structure their work. It removes pressure on operators by
reducing the stress of performing tasks improperly.
Finally, standardized work makes training much easier, since it documents the correct way to perform all
processes. It ensures that new employees are given all the information needed to perform equally to
other operators.
3. Increases safety
Standardized work, by definition, establishes the safest method to go perform tasks.
When operators systematically execute tried-and-true methods, the number of injuries decreases, and
risks are averted.
4. Improves continuous improvement
Kaizen, another Lean principle, is the concept of continuous improvement. Standardized work provides a
basis for Kaizen. Indeed, it is only possible to evaluate improvements objectively when existing
procedures are standardized and documented. As standards improve, the new standard becomes
the basis for further improvements: improving standardized work is a never-ending process.

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SELF CHECK: 3.2.1
1. What are some examples of work values?

2. What are the benefits of standardized work?
3. What are the 6 steps to apply for standardized work?
4. _______________ A common mistake is to think that after establishing standardized work, you
are done. Instead, you should constantly strive to further improve the standard.
5. ________________ Often there are several ways to perform a task, but only one of these ways
uses resources–materials, machines, and operators–in the most efficient way possib
ANSWER KEY 3.2.1:

1.
Being positive
Being accountable.
Making a difference.
Focusing on detail.
Delivering quality.
Being completely honest.
Keeping promises.
Helps your people
Increase Safety
Continuous improvement

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3.1. Collect data on your current operations
The first step is to establish your work sequence and Takt time. Through IoT connected tools and cloud
computing, modern manufacturers can collect data automatically. Metrics such as cycle time and step
time per operator are recorded consistently. Manufacturers gain real-time visibility into their
operations, meaning they know exactly how tasks are currently executed.
3.2. Notice variations and issues
Often there are several ways to perform a task, but only one of these ways uses resources–materials,
machines, and operators–in the most efficient way possible.
3.3. Find the most efficient way to run your operations

This is where you want to use Lean tools to optimize your work sequence and procedures. For example,
you could use value stream mapping to identify non-value adding steps or poka-yoke to mistake-proof
your processes. Your goal is to find methods that are practical, useful to everyone, and free of difficulty.
3.4. Document everything
There are many ways you can go about doing this. One of the simplest ways is in digital work
instructions. Digital work instructions can be created with a manufacturing app. Media-rich and
interactive, they guide operators through processes step by step.
3.5 Adapt your training programs
It is important that employees understand the new standard procedures and adhere to them. This might
require re-training current workers. Furthermore, you want to make sure that your new employee
training programs are based on your standardized work.
3.6. Continuously improve the standard
A common mistake is to think that after establishing standardized work, you are done. Instead, you
should constantly strive to further improve the standard.

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LO3. DEAL WITH ETHICAL PROBLEMS
A Ten Step Process for Resolving Ethical Issues
1. Identify the problem as you see it.

2. Get the story straight - gather relevant data. (Federal, state, and local regultations, professional
practice documents, ASHA Code of Ethics)
3. Ask yourself if the problem is a regulatory issue or a process issue related to regulatory
requirements.
4. Compare the issue to a specific rule in ASHA's Code of Ethics. Determine if rules the Code of
Ethics apply to your problem and can help develop a course of action for you to pursue.
5. Identify who has the power and control in the situation.
6. Identify what is in your control and what is not.
7. Identify your resources. These can be a supervisor, special education director, or colleague. Ask
yourself if you need more information, clarification, or ideas from others who have had a similar
problem.
8. Make a list of possible actions and their positive and negative consequences.
9. Make a plan that you can defend professionally and ethically and that meets the requirements
of the regulations.
10. Take action and evaluate your plan as you proceed. Determine next steps.
Solving ethical problems
When faced with an ethical issue, it is important to remember that there is seldom only one correct way
in which to act. The information provided below, however, is intended as a guide to assist you to make
professional and ethically responsible decisions.
NOTE
Making good ethical decisions requires a method for exploring the ethical aspects of a decision, and
weighing up the considerations that could influence your choice of action.
The following framework provides a method for exploring ethical dilemmas and identifying ethical
courses of action. A Worksheet for Ethical Deliberation has also been developed for advisers.
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Ethical decision-making framework
The flowchart below outlines the steps in the ethical decision-making process. Each step is described in
further detail below.
Recognising that there is an ethical question:
 requires you to think about how you should act and what you should do in a given situation
 could relate to a situation and/or a decision that you make, which could be potentially damaging
to a client or a stakeholder
 could involve a choice between a good and a bad outcome – e.g. a situation where Immigration
New Zealand would decline your client’s visa application because of certain information that the
client has disclosed to you, but of which Immigration New Zealand is unaware.
Understanding the facts of the situation:
 requires you to consider how you can learn more about the situation including making enquiries
and finding additional facts to ensure you have the best possible understanding of the situation.
Understanding the options available to you:

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 requires you to identify and understand each option available to you
 requires you to take into account any legislative requirements, professional standards (such as
the Code), immigration law and instructions, as these may influence your options.
Understanding the consequences of the options:
 requires you to work out how different parties will be affected by each option - these parties can
include the client, stakeholders within the New Zealand immigration system, your employer and
other advisers
 requires you to be aware that your overriding duty is always to act in the lawful and legitimate
interests of your client
 requires you to ask yourself some searching questions, for example:
o If I am going to act in a way that is adverse to my client’s interests in any way, am I justified in
doing so?
o Which option will produce the most good for my client even if it will upset another person or
cause me discomfort or loss?
o Will this require me to act in a way that will harm someone else or go against my personal
beliefs or ethics?
o Is there a way to act that will not damage my client’s interests but will reduce or prevent harm
to another person or institution?
o Is there a way to act that will not damage my client’s interests and will allow me to act in the
way I believe is consistent with the type of adviser that I want to be?
Testing the option you plan to take:
 requires you to consider the possible effects of all the different options
 requires you to reflect on and thoroughly review the option that you plan to take – in doing so,
you should ask yourself the following questions:
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o Am I feeling uncomfortable with what I am about to do?
o If so, why am I feeling uncomfortable about this option?
o Why am I making this decision?
o Would I be happy if this was done to me?
o Would I be happy explaining this to different parties within the New Zealand immigration
system and explaining why I did what I am planning to do?
Explaining the option you have decided on to those affected and to other interested parties:
 requires you to act in a way that your client, or another party, may not like or may find difficult
to understand
 requires you to be able to justify your actions in a logical and straightforward manner - if you
cannot explain your actions, then it is more likely that you are acting on the basis of your
feelings or prejudices
 will often require you to have kept excellent records that note the essentials of what the issue
was, what you did to resolve it, the options you considered and how you communicated your
decision to those affected.
Acting on the chosen option:
 requires you to consider how you will go about implementing your decision
 requires you to actually carry through with the action you decided to take.
Reflecting on the outcome:
 requires you to assess how your decision turned out and what you learnt from this specific
situation - to objectively evaluate what has happened and whether the option you took worked.

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SELF CHECK 3.3.1:
1. What are the ten step process for resolving ethical issues?
2. Draw the the flowchart below outlines the steps in the ethical decision-making process.
ANSWER KEY 3.3.1:
Ten Step Process for Resolving Ethical Issues
1. Identify the problem as you see it.

2. Get the story straight - gather relevant data. (Federal, state, and local regultations, professional
practice documents, ASHA Code of Ethics)
3. Ask yourself if the problem is a regulatory issue or a process issue related to regulatory
requirements.
4. Compare the issue to a specific rule in ASHA's Code of Ethics. Determine if rules the Code of
Ethics apply to your problem and can help develop a course of action for you to pursue.
5. Identify who has the power and control in the situation.
6. Identify what is in your control and what is not.
7. Identify your resources. These can be a supervisor, special education director, or colleague. Ask
yourself if you need more information, clarification, or ideas from others who have had a similar
problem.
8. Make a list of possible actions and their positive and negative consequences.
9. Make a plan that you can defend professionally and ethically and that meets the requirements
of the regulations.
10. Take action and evaluate your plan as you proceed. Determine next steps.
2. The flowchart below outlines the steps in the ethical decision-making process. Each step
is described in further detail below.

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LO4 MAINTAIN INTEGRITY OF CONDUCT IN THE WORKPLACE.
How to Maintain Professional Integrity in the Workplace
Your ability to maintain professional integrity in the workplace has a powerful impact on your
productivity, performance and reputation. Behaving with professional integrity takes practice, strength
of character and self-awareness. In this article, we will evaluate why professional integrity is so
important in the workplace and share some tips to help you maintain your own integrity and even
create a culture of integrity throughout an entire organization.
What is professional integrity?
Professional integrity is the practice of maintaining appropriate ethical behavior. It is the practice of
showing strong adherence to moral and ethical principles and values such as honesty, honor,
dependability and trustworthiness. People who behave with professional integrity generally uphold a
moral standard of conduct, both in professional as well as personal endeavors.
These standards govern how professionals conduct themselves, their work ethic and their
communication practices. Professional integrity is what gives employees a reason to trust that leaders
will place professional standards over their own self-interests.
Honesty is the basis for maintaining integrity. Being loyal to a company, producing the results expected
of you and being trustworthy and reliable are all qualities that characterize someone who has
professional integrity.
Why professional integrity in the workplace is important
Integrity is one of the most important attributes in a leader. Here are a few reasons why:
Employee satisfaction
Employees are typically happier working for someone who they believe is trustworthy and dependable,
someone who would never ask them to compromise their own principles. Integrity in a supervisor has
been linked to job satisfaction and engagement, employee health and even life satisfaction.
Reputation
For people to trust you—both in- and outside of your organization—you need to behave with integrity.
Investors need to trust you to consider investing in your business. Vendors need to trust that you will
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pay for goods and services. Maintaining professional integrity will allow you to build a strong reputation
that will increase the trust and comfort others have in doing business with you.
Clearer focus
Consistently behaving with professional integrity means you have the energy to focus on what is
important rather than wasting energy covering up bad practice.
Stronger sales
Customers today are motivated to buy from companies that are socially and environmentally
responsible. The most effective way to create a culture of integrity and ethical behavior is to behave
with professional integrity.
Tips for maintaining integrity
Here are some tips you can use to maintain your own professional integrity and encourage an entire
culture of ethical behavior in the workplace.
 Treat everyone the same.

 Reward honesty.
 Admit your mistakes.
 Encourage teams to speak freely.
 Conduct self-assessments.
 Keep your commitments.
 Put in maximum effort.
Treat everyone the same
Integrity is about honesty, wholeness and being the same person in all situations and with all people.
Treat supervisors, coworkers and even the intern with the same level of professionalism and respect,
regardless of their level of seniority. The same applies to customers. Every customer should be given the
best treatment, regardless of the level of service they pay for.
Reward honesty
Create a culture of integrity by encouraging others to be honest with you, even when they make costly
mistakes. Reward honesty publicly and repeatedly until everyone on your team understands that it’s
always safe—and always the best idea—to be honest with you.

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Admit your mistakes
Everyone makes mistakes and no one, from customers to employees, expects everyone to be perfect all
the time. The key to behaving with professional integrity is admitting mistakes and apologizing when
you’re wrong. You must also demonstrate your regret through your actions and demeanor. You’ll
generally find that not only do people not think less of you, they actually think more highly of you by
your ability to admit error.
Encourage teams to speak freely
Encourage your team to come up with fresh and creative approaches to everyday business challenges
you encounter. Team discussions regarding new ideas should be honest and critical, yet respectful and
open-minded of other perspectives. Encourage your team to speak freely as well as give and receive
constructive criticism to improve ideas.
Conduct self-assessments
Periodically evaluate whether you are behaving with professional integrity. Evaluate whether you are
heavily influenced by stronger personalities, pressured by your boss or tempted by easy money. You
could even ask a trusted coworker their objective viewpoint. Make a non-judgemental inventory of your
own integrity and determine whether you need to take action based on potential areas of self-
improvement.
Keep your commitments
If you want to develop a reputation as being someone who delivers on their promises, make a habit of
always keeping your word. This means that yes needs to mean yes and no means no, without excuses or
a change of conditions. This also means being on time—or even early—when you say you will be. It
means demonstrating respect for others’ time and notifying them right away if you’ll be late.
Put in maximum effort
Putting all of your focus and effort into something to reach a goal is a character trait that others admire.
It demonstrates a strong work ethic and a commitment to results for the betterment of the
organization. Giving your work your maximum effort every day and being unwilling to give in to
distractions speaks volumes about your integrity.

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SELF CHECK 3.4.1:
1. What is professional Integrity?

2. Tips for maintaining integrity.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
ANSWER KEY 3.4.1:
1. Professional integrity is the practice of maintaining appropriate ethical behavior. It is the

practice of showing strong adherence to moral and ethical principles and values such as
honesty, honor, dependability and trustworthiness. People who behave with
professional integrity generally uphold a moral standard of conduct, both in professional
as well as personal endeavors.
2. Treat everyone the same.

3. Reward honesty.
4. Admit your mistakes.
5. Encourage teams to speak freely.
6. Conduct self-assessments.
8. Put in maximum effort.
9. Admit your mistakes
10. Reward Honesty

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Unit of Competency: PRACTICE HOUSEKEEPING PROCEDURES
Module title: PRACTICING HOUSEKEEPING PROCEDURES
LO1. SORT AND REMOVE UNECESSARY ITEMS
Practice good housekeeping in the workplace

 Ensure all spills are immediately cleaned up. ...
 Maintain clean light fixtures to improve lighting efficiency.
 Keep aisles and stairways clear. ...
 Regularly inspect, clean and repair all tools.
How do you maintain tools and equipment?

Clean, Inspect and Care for Tools
Make it a habit to clean tools after each use before you return them to storage. Wipe them down with a
rag or old towel and be sure they are free of dust, grease and debris before you put them into their
proper places. This is also an opportunity to look for any damage or defects.

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SELF CHECK 4.1.1
1. What are the benefits or practicing good housekeeping?
ANSWER KEY 4.1.1
Practicing good housekeeping in the workplace will

 Ensure all spills are immediately cleaned up. ...
 Maintain clean light fixtures to improve lighting efficiency.
 Keep aisles and stairways clear. ...
 Regularly inspect, clean and repair all tools.

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LO2. ARRANGE ITEMS
6 steps to apply for standardized work
1. Collect data on your current operations

The first step is to establish your work sequence and Takt time. Through IoT connected tools and cloud
computing, modern manufacturers can collect data automatically. Metrics such as cycle time and step
time per operator are recorded consistently. Manufacturers gain real-time visibility into their
2. Notice variations and issues
3. Find the most efficient way to run your operations
This is where you want to use Lean tools to optimize your work sequence and procedures. For example,
you could use value stream mapping to identify non-value adding steps or poka-yoke to mistake-proof
your processes. Your goal is to find methods that are practical, useful to everyone, and free of difficulty.
4. Document everything
5. Adapt your training programs

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It is important that employees understand the new standard procedures and adhere to them. This might
require re-training current workers. Furthermore, you want to make sure that your new employee
training programs are based on your standardized work.
6. Continuously improve the standard
SELF CHECK 4.2.1:
1. It is important that employees understand the new standard procedures and adhere to them. This
might require re-training current workers.
2. A common mistake is to think that after establishing standardized work, you are done. Instead, you
3. . Manufacturers gain real-time visibility into their operations, meaning they know exactly how tasks
are currently executed.
ANSWER KEY 4.2.1:
1. True
2. True
3. True

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LO3. MAINTAIN WORK AREAS TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
IFORMATION SHEET 4.3.1
How do you maintain the work area tools and equipment clean?
Use, care & maintenance of cleaning tools
1. Dry clean. Remove visible and gross soils and debris.
2. Pre-rinse. Rinse all areas and surfaces until they are visibly free of soil.
3. Wash (soap and scrub). ...
4. Post-rinse. ...
5. Inspect. ...
6. Sanitize. ...
7. Dry. ...
8. Verification.
SELF CHECK 4.3.1
How do you maintain the work area tools and equipment clean
ANSWER KEY 4.3.1
Dry clean. Remove visible and gross soils and debris.

Pre-rinse. Rinse all areas and surfaces until they are visibly free of soil.
Wash (soap and scrub). ...
Post-rinse. ...
Inspect. ...
Sanitize. ...
Dry. ...
Verification

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LO4. FOLLOW STANDARD WORK PROCESSES AND PROCEDURES
Follow Standard Work process and procedure
Standard Work
1. Takt time: Rate at which parts or products must be produced in order to meet customer
demand.
2. Work Sequence: The steps operators need to perform within Takt time, in the order in which
they must be completed.
3. Standard inventory (or in-process stock): Minimum quantity of parts and raw materials
needed to run operations.
anticipated.
standardized, or that implementing standards will make their work boring. Quite the opposite:
enforcing standardized work increases efficiency, thus making more time for creative work.
Standardized work also helps operators structure their work. It removes pressure on operators by
reducing the stress of performing tasks improperly.
Finally, standardized work makes training much easier, since it documents the correct way to perform
all processes. It ensures that new employees are given all the information needed to perform equally
to other operators.

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Kaizen, another Lean principle, is the concept of continuous improvement. Standardized work
provides a basis for Kaizen. Indeed, it is only possible to evaluate improvements objectively when
existing procedu
res are standardized and documented. As standards improve, the new standard becomes the basis for
further improvements: improving standardized work is a never-ending process.
When operators perform tasks differently, it becomes more difficult to notice the 8 wastes of Lean
Manufacturing in operations. In other words, it is easier to find opportunities for improvements when
processes are consistent.
6 steps to apply for standardized work
1. Collect data on your current operations
The first step is to establish your work sequence and Takt time. Through IoT connected tools and
cloud computing, modern manufacturers can collect data automatically. Metrics such as cycle time
and step time per operator are recorded consistently. Manufacturers gain real-time visibility into their
2. Notice variations and issues
Look at the data you have collected, and notice variations. Are there workers that perform the same
tasks, but the output varies greatly? Are some operators taking longer than Takt time? Could some
tasks be combined? Where are safety or quality issues occurring?
3. Find the most efficient way to run your operations
This is where you want to use Lean tools to optimize your work sequence and procedures. For
example, you could use value stream mapping to identify non-value adding steps or poka-yoke to
mistake-proof your processes. Your goal is to find methods that are practical, useful to everyone, and
free of difficulty.
4. Document everything

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Digital work instructions ensure that operators follow each and every step properly, according to the
current best practice outlined by your standardized work. More importantly, digital work instructions
can be modified in just a few clicks. Therefore, as your standardized work evolves, you can easily keep
it documented and up-to-date.
5. Adapt your training programs
It is important that employees understand the new standard procedures and adhere to them. This
might require re-training current workers. Furthermore, you want to make sure that your new
employee training programs are based on your standardized work.
Similar to digital work instructions, digital training modules can be built in manufacturing apps and
modified easily. Through videos, images, and other multimedia resources, new employees can self-
guide their way through your most recent standardized procedures.
6. Continuously improve the standard
Once standardized work is implemented, it becomes a lot easier to identify abnormalities and issues.
Perform root-cause analysis for every problem that occurs, and create a new standard that solves the
problem.
Standardized work is never perfect or final. It represents a current best practice that should be
challenged on a daily basis with Kaizen.

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SELF CHECK 4.4.1
1. What are the benefits of standardized work
ANSWER KEY 4.4.1:
anticipated.
standardized, or that implementing standards will make their work boring. Quite the opposite:
enforcing standardized work increases efficiency, thus making more time for creative work.
Kaizen, another Lean principle, is the concept of continuous improvement. Standardized work
provides a basis for Kaizen. Indeed, it is only possible to evaluate improvements objectively when
existing procedures are standardized and documented. As standards improve, the new standard
becomes the basis for further improvements: improving standardized work is a never-ending process.
When operators perform tasks differently, it becomes more difficult to notice the 8 wastes of Lean
Manufacturing in operations. In other words, it is easier to find opportunities for improvements when
processes are consistent.

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LO5. PERFORM WORK SPONTANUESLY
11 (Practical) Ways To Be More Spontaneous
Here are 11 practical ways you can begin to implement spontaneity in your daily life:
1. Don't procrastinate when you have time to get things done.
This will allow you to say "yes!" without hesitation when something does pop up!!!
2. Learn to see opportunities.
Many of us will fail to be spontaneous simply because we fail to realize when we are given the chance.
Have this little thought in the back of your mind as you go throughout each day and you'll be surprised
what might happen!
3. Reduce time-wasters.
Get rid of activities that don't truly add value to your life and take away from the motivation to do
something out of the ordinary. Sit down (with a pen and paper) and think about where you often spend
too much of your time (scrolling through social media, binge watching Netflix, etc). Write out all of these
things in a list.
Once you've recognized your time-wasters, think about how much time you should really be spending
with them. This will give you back time that you didn't think you had while also opening up so many
doors to new adventures.
YAY for adding more hours to your day!!!
4. You can still plan AND be spontaneous!!!
It really is possible. I absolute LOVE planning and still try my best to be spontaneous! Read on to #5 to
see how...
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5. Schedule spontaneity.
If you always jam pack your schedule with commitments, you'll never have time to do anything on the
fly. So when you're learning what this will look like in your life, leave time open in your schedule to do
something that will bring you unexpected joy. Scheduling time for spontaneity doesn't mean you have to
schedule the activity...you're just leaving time open for it to happen!
6. Do what you want. Seriously!!!
Make time for what matters to YOU and brings refreshment and joy to the mundane.
This may not mean getting beaded dreads and rocking them in front of all of your friends, but try to
shoot for something HALF as exciting and fun-filled! You'll be set.
7. Start small.
It doesn't have to be a huge road trip (although it TOTALLY can be). Just get out of your everyday
schedule and I promise you won't regret it.
8. Get Off Your Phone!!!
I know I sorta kinda touched on this earlier, but it really deserves its own point (and I think Raven would
agree with me on this one).
When you're immersed in the world that is your phone and social media, you not only waste time but
also compare your ability to be spontaneous to everyone else's. You might be in a busier season of life
that is allowing minimal flexibility and spontaneity while a friend is able to take trips to Colorado every
other weekend. A last minute trip to go get ice cream is spontaneous too!!!
It's okay, friends!! Spontaneity will look different from everyone. Don't expect your life to be a certain
way or you will ALWAYS be disappointed.
9. Talk to/smile at strangers.
Even though they may be a little bit weirded out at first, push past the awkwardness. It's worth it! You
never know what may come of a conversation with a stranger.
Even if you don't stop and have a conversation, flash those pearly whites! Smiling is contagious and truly
encouraging. And as funny as it may sound, you really might make someone's day.

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10. Change your perspective
Be practical about what spontaneity will look like in your life. Even though it may not seem as Pinterest-
y as you'd like, that doesn't make it any less wonderful! Challenge how you view spontaneity so it can
begin to become a practical and real aspect of your life, not just something you talk about.
11. Create a "do something" jar!
Ask your friends, family, and (of course) Google about ideas for spontaneous adventures and start to
compile them into a (preferably Mason, how 'white girl' of me) jar. As you randomly think of fun
getaways or little spontaneous ventures, jot them down and drop them in the jar.
Now you can randomly draw from the jar (or, even though it's less whimsical, draw until you find
something you have the time/ability to do at that moment) and BAM you have an adventure picked out
and ready to go! Now all you've got to do...is DO it!
SELF CHECK 4.5.1
1. Give at least (2) ways on how to become spontaneous
ANSWER Key 4.5.1
1.Change your perspective
2.Talk to stranger

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MODULE CONTENT
COMMON COMPETENCIES

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Unit of Competency: APPLY SAFETY MEASURES IN FARM OPERATION
Module title: APPLYING SAFETY MEASURES IN FARM OPERATION
LO1. DETERMINE AREAS OF CONCERN FOR SAFETY MEASURES
PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
 Safety measures are applied based on work requirement and farm procedures.
 Tools and materials are utilized in accordance with specification and procedures.
 Outfit is worn in accordance with farm requirements.
 Shelf life and or expiration of materials are effectively checked against manufacturer‘s
specifications.
 Hazards in the workplace are identified and reported in line with farm guidelines
 Emergency and accidents are responded to and prevented
SELF CHECK 1.1.1
1. Outfit is worn in accordance with farm requirements.

2. Shelf life and or expiration of materials are not effectively checked against manufacturer‘s
specifications.
3. Hazards in the workplace are identified and reported in line with farm guidelines
ANSWER KEY 1.1.1
1. True
2. False
3. True

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LO2. APPLY APPROPRIATE SAFETY MEASURES WHILE WORKING IN FARM
INTRODUCTION:
Many hazards are present in the farm. If the farmers are not aware of these hazards these may
cause injury to their body or may cause diseases and even death. Farmer should always apply
appropriate safety measures while working in the farm. In this lesson the students with the guidance
and supervision of their teacher should identify farm works that involve the use of chemicals and
hazardous tools and equipment; determine the uses of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and
determine farm emergency procedures regarding safety working environment.
HAZARD, RISK AND EXPOSURE IN THE FARM
Agricultural crop production deal with a lot of activities to be done in the different workplace.
While performing these activities we expose ourselves to a lot of risk. Workplace hazard is a major cause
of accident, injury, or harm to a worker who performs such task. These hazards should be the major
concern of all who are involved in a certain job or work.
It is important to distinguish hazard, risk and exposure when undertaking risk management.
 Hazard is the potential for harm, or adverse effect on an employee‘s health. Anything which may
cause injury or ill health to anyone at or near a workplace is a hazard.
 Risk is the likelihood that a hazard will cause injury or ill health to anyone at or near a
workplace. The level of risk increases with the severity of the hazard and the duration and
frequency of exposure.
 Exposure occurs when a person comes into contact with a hazard.

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SELF CHECK 1.2.1
1. Why is it important to distinguish hazard, risk and exposure?
ANSWER 1.2.1
1.
 Hazard is the potential for harm, or adverse effect on an employee‘s health. Anything which may
cause injury or ill health to anyone at or near a workplace is a hazard.
 Risk is the likelihood that a hazard will cause injury or ill health to anyone at or near a
workplace. The level of risk increases with the severity of the hazard and the duration and
frequency of exposure.
 Exposure occurs when a person comes into contact with a ha

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LO3 SAFE KEEP/DISPOSE TOOLS,MATERIALS AND OUTFIT
PERFORMANCE STANDARDS:
 Used tools and outfit are cleaned and stored in line with farm procedure.
 Unused materials are labeled and stored according to manufacturers recommendation and farm
requirements.
 Waste materials are disposed according to manufacturers, government and farm requirements.
Cleaning, Storing and Waste Management Protect Tools From the Elements Blades such as electric
hedge trimmer blades, hoe, shovel, and other metal surfaces can be sprayed with lubricant oil. Spray the
blades then turn them on to make sure oil works into all areas. All electrical and petrol gardening
equipment need to be covered with a blanket or sheet if kept in the shed. This will prevent dust and dirt
getting to them. General cleaning procedures: The farmer and/or farm workers responsible for cleaning
must adhere as much as possible to the following procedures:
 Be properly trained on the cleaning procedures.

 Develop a cleaning program and schedule according to the recommended frequency and the
cleaning program should be monitored to ensure its effectiveness.
 Cleaning must not take place while fresh vegetables are been harvested, packed, handled, and
stored.
 Water that is used for cleaning must be safe.
 The cleaning of equipment, tools, and containers must take place in a designated area away
from field and the storage of agricultural inputs and fresh vegetables.
 When using cleaning and disinfection chemicals, the farmer and/or farm workers must become
familiar with the instruction use of these products.
 Strictly adhere to all precautionary statements and mixing instructions.
 Protect equipment‘s, tools, containers and fresh vegetables when working with any chemicals.
Cleaning re-usable containers:
 The farmer and/or farm workers responsible for cleaning re-usable containers must adhere as
much as possible to the following procedures:
 Remove as much as possible plant debris, soil, and residues of any kind, use a brush or
appropriate tool when necessary.
 Inspect containers for physical damage which might injure, spoil, and contaminate fresh
vegetables, if found, repair them.
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 Inspect containers for any missed plant debris, soi,l and residues, if found, re-clean.
 If cleaning and/or disinfection chemicals are used, follow label instructions for mixing.
 Rinse containers with clean water.
 When possible, containers should be placed in the full sun for rapid drying.
 Store re-usable containers properly to avoid contamination.
Cleaning equipments, tools and garbage cans:

The farmer and/or farm workers responsible for cleaning the equipment (e.g. tables, racks, plastic sheet,
etc.), tools (e.g. secateurs, knifes, brushes, etc.) and garbage cans must adhere as much as possible to
the following procedures:
 Remove as much as possible plant debris, soil, and residues of any kind. Use a brush or another
appropriate tool when necessary.
 Inspect equipment for physical damage which might injure, spoil and contaminate fresh
vegetables.
 Inspect equipments, tools, and garbage cans for any missed plant debris, soil, and residues, if
found, clean again.
 As required, apply cleaning materials such as detergent and/or disinfection chemicals, and
ensure that no spots are missed.
 Rinse with safe water, if there are parts of the equipment that cannot be rinsed with water, use
a clean wet towel and follow the same procedures for cleaning.
 Ensure that small equipments and tools do not touch the ground floor after the cleaning
procedures.
 When possible, place in the full sun for rapid drying.
 Store equipment and tools properly to avoid contamination.
Cleaning areas for handling and storing fresh produce:
The farmer and farm workers responsible for cleaning these areas must adhere as much as possible to
the following procedures:
 Unplug any electrical equipment and if possible, cover with plastic electrical motors, electrical
boxes, connections, light fixtures, etc. Do not use packaging materials for this task.
 Remove trash and any accumulated plant debris from the floors.
 Using low pressure water for, Rinse the entire ceiling infrastructure and light fixtures to remove
any dust and soil build up.
Rinse walls, windows and doors from the top downward Rinse the entire floor surface to remove any
soil build up.
Be careful not to splash water onto equipment.
 If necessary, scrub areas with brush and cleaning materials such as detergent, and ensure that
no spots are missed.
 After scrubbing areas with cleaning materials, rinse surface areas as described previously wash
out drains; be careful not to splash water onto equipment.
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Cleaning hygienic facilities
The farmer and/or farm workers responsible for cleaning hygienic facilities must adhere as much as
possible to the following procedures:
 Pick up trash from the floors and put in a trash can.

 By using the proper detergent, clean toilets, sinks, and any other fixtures.
 Using low pressure water, rinse the entire floor surface to remove any soil build up.
 As required, apply cleaning materials or disinfection chemicals to entire floor surface area, scrub
areas with brush if needed, and ensure that no spots are missed.
 Rinse floor and drains.
 Remove excess water and allow drying out at room temperature.
 Ensure that hygienic facilities have enough toilet paper, soap, and disposable towel.
Technique in storing chemicals

Chemicals are used on farms for a variety of purposes. The safe management of chemicals requires
access to information and responsible action. Manufacturers, suppliers, and users of farm chemicals all
have an important role to play. Chemical substances present different types of risks to people‘s health,
safety, and the environment. For this reason there are different laws controlling them. The purpose of
these laws is to ensure that chemicals are used safely and efficiently so that risks to human health, the
environment and damage to property are minimized.
Safe Management of chemicals involves:
 correct labeling and packaging;

 provision of material safety data sheets (MSDS);
 safe transport, storage, use, and disposal of substances.
Labeling and Packaging of Chemicals

Chemicals must be supplied in packages that are correctly labeled and suitable for the substance.
Information provided on the label will depend on the type of substance and the risks associated with it.
Items to look for are:
 Signal words such as ‗CAUTION‘, ‗POISON‘ or ‗DANGEROUS POISON‘, used for scheduled
poisons – a signal word alerts users to the possibility of poisoning if the substance is swallowed,
inhaled or absorbed through the skin
 The Dangerous Goods (ADG) diamond, if there is an immediate risk to health or safety e.g.
flammable liquids.

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 Risk phrases describing the type of health effects e.g. ‗irritating the skin‘, and safety phrases
stating precautions for safe handling, storage, spills, disposal and fire e.g. ‗keep away from
combustible material‘
Ensure that containers remain labeled

Farmers must ensure that the original labels remain on containers of substances. If a substance is
poured into a second container such as a spray tank then that container must be labeled with the
product name and appropriate risk and safety phrases. These can generally be copied from the parent
container. Labeling is not necessary if a substance is used immediately and its container is thoroughly
cleaned. There are good reasons for ensuring that proper containers and appropriate labels are used,
including:
 Using food containers to store poisons can result in poisoning due to accidental swallowing.
 Insurance companies may question liability if something goes wrong and an unlabeled container
has been the cause of an incident.
 Produce cannot be exported if maximum residue limits are exceeded labels provide advice on
permitted use and withholding periods for agricultural and veterinary chemicals.
Material Safety Data Sheets
Material safety data sheets (MSDS) must be produced by the manufacturer or importer of
hazardous substance.
The MSDS is not just a piece of paper. It provides important and useful advice about what is in
the product, its health effects, safe use and handling, storage, disposal, first aid and emergency
operation. Farmers must obtain the MSDS from their supplier and keep them in a register where they
are available to people who could be exposed to the hazardous substance.
The register is a collection of the MSDS and other information which can be kept in a folder,
filing cabinet or other practical system.
The register can be kept in the house, workplace or the chemical store, as long as it remains
accessible to emergency service personnel and any employees who may be exposed to hazardous
substances.
Storage and Transport of Chemicals

Safe storage of farm chemicals is needed to protect them from the elements, restrict access to
them, prevent contamination of the environment, food, or livestock, and ensure separation from other
incompatible chemicals. Arrangements must be in place to contain any spillage of the chemical.
After considering the potential risk to people‘s health or to the environment, a farmer might
decide that a locked shed with a roof and concrete floor, which is bounded to contain any spills, is the
best way to provide safe storage.
Remember, you should never store oxidizing agents with fuels. That is – never store substances
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labeled yellow diamond with a red diamond.
Safe transport of farm chemicals depends on what the substance is, how much there is, where it
is to be transported and what else is to be transported with it. In general, small quantities (less than 250
liters) can be transported on vehicle provided that the container is properly secured and safe from
spillage.
Disposal of Farm Chemicals

Empty farm chemical containers and unwanted chemicals need to be disposed of properly. Prior
to disposal of empty containers, wash the container out three times and use the rinse water to dilute
further batches of the chemical to working strength.
To wash a container you do not need to fill it each time. If you only have six liters of water, it is
more efficient to use three washes of two liters each, than it is to rinse once with the full six liters.
SELF CHECK: 1.3.1 TRUE OR FALSE

1. It is right to empty farm chemical containers and unwanted chemicals to be disposed of
properly.
2. It is right to use food containers to store poisons that will result in poisoning due to
accidental swallowing.
3. There should be proper labelling of chemicals used in the farm.
4. Chemicals should not must be supplied in packages that are correctly labeled and
suitable for the substance.
5. Produce can be exported if maximum residue limits are exceeded labels provide advice
on permitted use and withholding periods for agricultural and veterinary chemicals.
ANSWER KEY 1.3.1 :
1. True
2. True
3. True
4. False
5. True

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TASK SHEET 1.3.1 :
TASK SHEET 1.3.1
Title:
Demonstrating proper waste disposal
demonstrate proper waste disposal
Garbage bin
PPE
Equipment
Shovel
Gloves
Steps/Procedure:
Prepare necessary equipment
Wear appropriate PPE
Perform waste disposal using the equipment

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Unit of Competency: USE FARM TOOLS EQUIPMENT
Module Content: USING FARM TOOLS EQUIPMENT
LO1: SELECT AND USE FARM TOOLS
Farm Tools in Horticultural Operation

Farm tools, implements, and equipment play very important role in
horticultural operations. Their availability makes the work much easier and faster. However, even if one
may have the most sophisticated tools and implements, but does not know how to use them, they are
useless. In order to do horticultural operations successfully, one must have a good working knowledge
of the tools, implements and equipment before using them.
Hand Tools
Hand tools are usually light and are used without the help of animals or machines. They are
being used in performing farm activities which involve small areas like school garden and home garden.
Bolo is used for cutting tall grasses and weeds and chopping branches of tree
Crowbar is used for digging big holes and for digging out big stones and stumps

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Pick-mattock is used for digging canals breaking hard topsoil and for digging up stones and tree stumps
Grab-hoe is used for breaking hard topsoil and pulverizing soil
Spade is used for removing trash or soil, digging canals or ditches, and mixing soil media

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Shovel is used in removing trash, digging loose soil, moving soil from one place to another and for
mixing
soil media
Rake is used for cleaning ground and leveling topsoil
Spading Fork is used for loosening the soil, digging out crops and turning over
the materials in a compost heap

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Light hoe is used for loosening and leveling soil and digging out furrows
for planting
Hand Trowel is used for loosening the soil around the growing plants and putting small
amount of manure fertilizer in the soil
Hand cultivator is used for cultivating the garden plot by loosening the soil and removing weeds
around the plant

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Hand fork is used for inter row cultivation
Pruning shears is for cutting branches of planting materials and unnecessary branches of plants

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Axe is for cutting bigger size post
Knife is for cutting planting materials and for performing other operations in horticulture
Springklers are used for watering seedlings and young plants

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Water pails are used for hauling water, manure and fetilizers
Sprayers is a hand-held agricultural tool with a variously curved blade typically

used for cutting weeds
Wheel barrow is used for hauling trash, manures, fertilizers, planting materials and other equipment

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Sickle is a hand-held agricultural tool with a variously curved blade typically
Farm Implements
These are accessories which are being pulled by working animals or mounted to machineries (hand
tractor, tractor) which are usually used in preparation of land. These are usually made of special kind of
metal
Plows. These are farm implements used in horticultural operations either pulled by a working animal or
a tractor. The plow is specifically used for tilling large areas, making furrows and inter-row cultivation.
Plows pulled by working animals are made of either a combination of metal and wood or pure metal.
They are used to til areas with a shallower depth than that of the disc plows which are pulled by tractors
NATIVE PLOW
Harrow. The native wooden harrow is made of wood with a metal teeth and pulled by a carabao while
the disc harrow is made of metal mounted to a tractor. Harrows are used for tilling and pulverizing the
soil

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Native wooden harrow
Rotavator. The rotavator is an impelement attached to a tractor and used for tilling and pulverizing the
soil

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SELF CHECK 2.1.1
1. Identify the common hand tools
A B
ANSWER KEY 2.1.1
1. A. Bolo B. Knife C. Sickle

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LO 2: SELECT AND OPERATE FARM EQUIPMENT
Common Farm Equipment

These are machineries used in horticultural operations especially in vegetable production.
They are used in land preparation and in transporting farm inputs and products. This equipment needs a
highly skilled operator to use.
Hand tractor is used to pull a plow and harrow in preparing a large area of land.
Four wheel tractor is used to pull disc plow and disc harrow in preparing much bigger area of land

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Water pumps are used to draw irrigation water from a source.

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SELF CHECK 2.2.1
1. Give at least two (2) common farm equipment.
ANSWER KEY 2.2.1
1. Hand tractor
2. Water pump

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LO3. PERFORM PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
PRE-OPERATIVE CHECK UP OF FARM TOOLS, IMPLEMENTS AND EQUIPMENTS

Imagine that the long, hot summer vacation has finally come to an end and it‘s the
beginning of the school year and you are ready to start working your vegetable gardens. But before that
let us check first our tools, implements and equipment you are going to use. Armed with your working
clothes and personal protective equipment (PPE). Proceed to the shop to retrieve your tools so that you
can start clearing away the last remnants of summer and begin breaking the soil for a new year. Imagine
your frustration as you start pulling out all of your tools to see that they are covered with rust and dirt
that has hardened and crusty globs of oil that have collected dust last vacation. It seems that you are
going to spend more time cleaning and repairing tools on this nice day than you will actually use them.
How to Clean Your Garden Tools:

Let‘s start with the basics. Your shovel, spade, hoe, or even the blades on a hedge trimmer will be a lot
easier to use if you take a few minutes to knock some of the rust off the blade. Not only will this extend
the life of the tool, but also it will cut through the soil better, and thus require less effort to use, if it has
a nice sharp blade. It is a good idea to keep a large whetstone in your shop. A whetstone is an ideal tool
to use to keep all of the cutting edges of your garden tools honed. It will work well on your shovel, as
well as many other common garden tools.
The best way to use the stone is to find a way to stabilize the tool that you want to work
on. A bench vise is ideal. You will be able to clamp the tool into place at an angle, so you can work on it.
Clamping the garden tool into place with a vise frees both of your hands to use the whetstone and gives
you more control over what you are doing.
Apply a little lubricating oil to the end of the tool and carefully begin to work the stone
over the blade. Maintain a 30-degree angle between the stone and the blade to form the ideal cutting
edge for your tool. Not only will the edge become sharper, but you will also be removing any pitting and
rust that has formed at the edge of your tool‘s blade.
In instances where the moving parts of your garden tools (such as with of any new
pruners, shears, and loppers) have frozen in place, like springs and pivot joints, you should disassemble
them first carefully break free any rust or dirt that may keep the tool from functioning properly. Clean
accumulated rust and dirt off all metal surfaces with a wire brush. Remove stubborn rust from small
tools with fine steel wool. Using an old toothbrush with some lightweight lubricating oil is a great way to
work fresh oil into the joints of most garden tools. Not only will this fresh oil helps your tool to work as it
was intended, but it will also prevent the formation of rust. Use medium-grit sandpaper to remove rust
on larger tools such as shovels, spades, and hoes.
Once your tools are cleaned, they're ready to be sharpened. When sharpening, try to
maintain the original factory bevel or angle. For pruners, use a whetstone because it produces a very
sharp cutting edge. Depending on the type of whetstone, apply a few drops of oil or water to the stone.
With the beveled side of the blade against the stone, rub the sharp edge of the blade toward the stone
in a curved motion, as if you were trying to shave off a thin slice from the stone.
When working with a file, stabilize the blades in a vise or against a solid surface such as
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a work bench to avoid injury and ensure an even stroke. Always push the file across the blade in a
motion away from your body. Move the file diagonally, so that its cutting teeth are biting into the metal
on the tool. When sharpening with a file, do not use oil; metal filings will accumulate and clog the file's
serrations.
Farm implements like ordinary plow and wooden harrow should be checked
thoroughly before use. Loosened bolts and nuts should be tightened firmly. Disc plow and harrow
should also be lubricated on their moving parts like bearings. Tractors should be tuned-up very well by
and skilled operator. Checking on their oil, lubricant, fuel and cooling system.
Tools that are worn out should be separated and be fixed immediately to avoid
accident.
SELF CHECK: 2.3.1
1. Discuss the basics of cleaning garden tools?
ANSWER KEY 2.3.1:
1.
Let‘s start with the basics. Your shovel, spade, hoe, or even the blades on a hedge trimmer will be a lot
easier to use if you take a few minutes to knock some of the rust off the blade The best way to use the
stone is to find a way to stabilize the tool that you want
When working with a file, stabilize the blades in a vise or against a solid surface such as a work bench to
avoid injury and ensure an even stroke. Always push the file across the blade in a motion away from
your body. Move the file diagonally, so that its cutting teeth are biting into the metal on the tool. When
sharpening with a file, do not use oil; metal filings will accumulate and clog the file's serrations.

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TASK SHEET 2.3.1
TASK SHEET 2.3.1
Title:
Maintain a preventive maintenance report
Performance Objective: Given the necessary materials, tools, equipment, the candidate must be able
prepare preventive maintenance report.
Pen and paper
Equipment
Steps/Procedure:
Identify the personnel involve

Prepare the weekly, daily and monthly maintenance report
Checking areas that need to be maintained
Logging the report in the prepared chart

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Unit of Competency: PERFORM ESTIMATION AND BASIC CALCULATION
Module Content: PERFORMING ESTIMATION AND BASIC CALCULATION
LO1: PERFORM ESTIMATION
PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
 Job requirements are identified from written or oral communications.

 Quantities of materials and resources required to complete a work task are estimated.
 Time needed to complete a work activity is estimated.  Accurate estimate for work completion
are made.
 Estimate of materials and resources are reported to appropriate person.
 Determine the cost and return of producing horticultural crops.
 Determine the profit/loss using the four fundamental operations.
 Determine the price of a product with the use of mark up percentage.
FARM INPUTS

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Seeds Fertilizers Insecticide
FARM LABOR
LABOR REQUIREMENT FOR LAND PREPARATION
Plowing using tractor Clearing of the land using hoe
Plowing using animal

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Harrowing using hand tractor Preparation of Furrow
Trellis Preparation (for cucurbit crops)
Mulching Digging Holes

(for orchard)

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LABOR REQUIREMENT IN PLANTING
PRODUCTION OF SEEDLINGS
TRANSPLANTING
LABOR REQUIREMENT FOR PLANT CARE

FERTILIZER APPLICATION PEST CONTROL
IRRIGATION

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WEEDING HARVESTING

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SELF CHECK 3.1.1
1. Job requirements are not identified from written or oral communications.
2. Estimate of materials and resources are not reported to appropriate person in

performing standards.
3. Quantities of materials and resources are notrequired to complete a work task are
estimated.
ANSWER KEY 3.1.1
1. False
2. False
3. False

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LO2: PERFORM BASIC WORKPLACE CALCULATION
The surface area or surface (A) of a circle is calculated by the formula:
A (circle) = 1/4 (¶ x d x d) = 1/4 (¶ x d2 ) = 1/4 (3.14 x d2 ) ..... (5)
whereby d is the diameter of the circle and ¶ (a Greek letter, pronounced Pi) a constant (¶ = 3.14). A
diameter (d) is a straight line which divides the circle in two equal parts.
A circle
EXAMPLE
Given Answer
Circle: d = 4.5 cm Formula: A = 1/4 (¶ x d²)
= 1/4 (3.14 x d x d)
= 1/4 (3.14 x 4.5 cm x 4.5 cm)
= 15.9 cm2
QUESTION
Calculate the surface area of a circle with a diameter of 3 m.

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Given Answer
Circle: d = 3 m Formula: A = 1/4 (¶ x d²)
= 1/4 (3.14 x d x d)
= 1/4 (3.14 x 3 m x 3 m)
= 7.07 m2
METRIC CONVERSIONS
Units of length
The basic unit of length in the metric system is the meter (m). One meter can be divided
into 10 decimeters (dm), 100 centimeters (cm) or 1000 millimeters (mm); 100 m equals to 1 hectometer
(hm); while 1000 m is 1 kilometer (km).
1 m = 10 dm = 100 cm = 1000 mm
0.1 m = 1 dm = 10 cm = 100 mm
0.01 m = 0.1 dm = 1 cm = 10 mm
0.001 m = 0.01 dm = 0.1 cm =
1 mm 1 km = 10 hm = 1000 m
0.1 km = 1 hm = 100 m
0.01 km = 0.1 hm = 10 m
0.001 km = 0.01 hm = 1 m
Units of surface
The basic unit of area in the metric system is the square meter (m), which is obtained by
multiplying a length of 1 meter by a width of 1 meter.
A square meter

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1 m2 = 100 dm2 = 10 000 cm2 = 1 000 000 mm 2
0.01 m2 = 1 dm2 = 100 cm2 = 10 000 mm2
0.0001 m2 = 0.01 dm2 = 1 cm2 = 100 mm2
0.000001 m2 = 0.0001 dm2 = 0.01 cm2 = 1 mm2
1 km2 = 100 ha2 = 1 000 000 m2

0.01 km2 = 1 ha2 = 10 000 m2
0.000001 km2 = 0.0001 ha2 = 1 m2
NOTE:
1 ha =100 m x 100 m = 10 000 m2
SURFACE AREAS OF CANAL CROSS-SECTIONS AND FARMS
This section explains how to apply the surface area formulas to two common practical problems that will
often be met in the field.
DETERMINATION OF THE SURFACE AREAS OF CANAL CROSS-SECTIONS
The most common shape of a canal cross-section is a trapezium or, more truly, an "up-sidedown"
trapezium.

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Canal crossection
The area (A B C D), hatched on the above drawing, is called the canal cross-section and has a trapezium
shape. Thus, the formula to calculate its surface is similar to the formula used to calculate the surface
area of a trapezium:
Surface area of the canal cross-section = 0.5 (base + top line) x canal depth = 0.5 (b + a) x h ..... (6)
whereby:
base (b) = bottom width of the canal
top line (a) = top width of the canal
canal depth (h) = height of the canal (from the bottom of the canal to the top of the embankment)
Suppose that the canal contains water, as shown in Figure below.
Wetted cross-section of a canal

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The area (A B C D), hatched on the above drawing, is called the wetted canal crosssection or wetted
cross-section. It also has a trapezium shape and the formula to calculate its surface area is:
Surface area of the wetted canal cross-section = 0.5 (base + top line) x water depth = 0.5 (b + a1) x h1 .....
(7)
whereby:
base (b) = bottom width of the canal
top line (a1) = top width of the water level
water depth (h1) = the height or depth of the water in the canal (from the bottom of the canal to the
water level).
EXAMPLE
Calculate the surface area of the cross-section and the wetted cross-section, of the canal shown in next
figure.
Dimensions of the cross-section

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Given Answer
Canal cross-section:
base (b) =1.25 m Formula: A = 0.5 x (b + a) x h
top line (a) =3.75 m = 0.5 x (1.25 m + 3.75 m) x
1.25 m
canal depth (h) = 1.25 m = 3.125 m2
Canal wetted cross-section:
base (b) = 1.25 m Formula: A = 0.5 x (b + a1) x h
top line (a1) = 3.25 m = 0.5 x (1.25 m + 3.25 m) x
1.00 m
water depth (h1) =1.00 m = 2.25 m2
DETERMINATION OF THE SURFACE AREA OF A FARM
It may be necessary to determine the surface area of a farmer's field. For example, when
calculating how much irrigation water should be given to a certain field, the size of the field must be
known.
When the shape of the field is regular and has, for example, a rectangular shape, it should not be too
difficult to calculate the surface area once the length of the field (that is the base of its regular shape)
and the width of the field have been measured.
Field of regular shape

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SELF CHECK 3.2.1: Compute for the farm lot area.
Length of lot = 10m

Width of lot = 15m
Lot area is _______sqm
Length of farm area = 120m

Width of farm area = 100m
Farm area is _____ sqm
ANSWER KEY 3.2.1 :
10 m x 15 m = 150 sq m.
120m x 100 m = 12000 sq m.

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TASK SHEET 3.2.1
TASK SHEET 3.2.1
Title:
Performing crop land preparation according to computed estimation
perform crop land preparation according to computed estimation.
Pen and Paper

Meter Stick
Equipment
Steps/Procedure:
Measure the length and width cropping area
Compute the total cropping area

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Unit of Competency: APPLY BASIC FIRST AID
Module Content: APPLYING BASIC FIRST AID
LO1: ASSESS THE SITUATION
First Aid Kits
First Aid Kit. Source: Penn State University

Accidents on farms and ranches can be quite severe, and space in a first aid kit is limited, so it is
important to choose items for kits wisely. Follow these guidelines when assembling a first aid kit:
 Include pertinent personal information in first aid kits for individuals who have specific medical
conditions. For example, indicate that a certain person has an allergic reaction to bee stings.
 Include the contact information for the family doctor of each person working in the vicinity of the kit.
 Remember that agricultural incidents may occur at night or in winter, so include items such as flares,
flashlights, emergency blankets, and waterproof matches.
 In an emergency situation, it is common for people to forget what they have learned in first aid classes,
so include a first aid manual in each kit.
 For the kits, use containers that are dust-free and water-resistant. Label the kits clearly.
Check first aid kits annually for expired products such as ice packs, heat packs, ointments, saline
solution, and so on, and change the flashlight batteries. When you use any items in a first aid kit, replace
the items immediately.

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Larger first aid kits should be located at main farm or ranch buildings or in the home. Smaller first aid
kits should be kept on major pieces of farm equipment and in vehicles.
The following items should be included in a large first aid kit:
 Sterile first aid dressings in sealed envelopes, in the following sizes:

 2 in. by 2 in. for small wounds
 4 in. by 4 in. for larger wounds and for compresses to stop bleeding
 Two trauma dressings for covering large areas
 Small, sterile adhesive compresses in sealed envelopes
 Roller bandages and 1 in., 2 in., and 6 in. cling bandages
 Rolls of adhesive tape in assorted widths (to hold dressings in place)
 Triangle bandages to use as slings or as coverings over large dressings
 Antiseptic wash
 Tongue depressors
 Bandage scissors and heavy-duty scissors to cut clothing
 Tweezers to remove insect stingers or small splinters
 Splints that are 1/4 in. thick by 3 in. wide by 12 to 15 in. long for splinting broken arms and legs
 Sterile saline solution
 8 fl. oz. for small kits
 2 qt. for large kits
 Safety pins
 Ice packs (chemical ice bags) to reduce swelling
 A pocket mask for resuscitation
 Three small packages of sugar for individuals with diabetes
 Disposable rubber gloves and eye goggles
 An emergency blanket
Note that dressings must be sterile—do not make your own dressings.
Farm first aid kits can be purchased through certain businesses and organizations. Click the links below
to view kits and ordering information:

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SELF CHECK 4.1.1
 Define first aid.
ANSWER KEY 4.1.1
1. First aid is the immediate rescue given to a patient before the attendance of a medical
practitioner

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LO2 APPLY BASIC FIRST AID TECHNIQUES
Specialty Kits
Injuries vary from job to job in production agriculture, so first aid kits should be tailored to the potential
injury that could result from a particular job. Listed below are specialty kits and recommended items, in
addition to the basic items outlined above, for inclusion in each kit.
Specialty First Aid Kits
Type of Specialty Kit Types of Injury Kit Items
Basic first aid manual

Two triangular bandages (36 in.)
Antiseptic spray
Six large adhesive bandages
Four safety pins
Small wounds, minor Sterile compress bandages (four
or major bleeding, 2 in. by 2 in. bandages and four
fractures, sprains, or 4 in. by 4 in. bandages)
Tractor/Combine
severed limbs, Roll of 2 in. wide tape
amputation, or Two pressure bandages (8 in.
entanglement by 10 in.)
Scissors
Two rolls of elastic wrap
Five clean plastic bags (varied
sizes from bread bags to
garbage bags)
Plastic bags of varying sizes (one

large garbage bag, four medium
Amputation of a finger
Amputation kitchen garbage bags, and eight
or limb
small plastic bread bags)
Closable container to store bags
Dressing Supplies Major trauma Sterile compresses (2 in. by 2

in. and 4 in. by 4 in.)
Gauze roller bandages (1 in., 2
in., and 6 in. wide)
Adhesive tape
Triangular bandage
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Tongue depressors
Heavy-duty scissors
Chemical ice packs
Disposable rubber gloves
Goggles
Tweezers and safety pins
Emergency blanket
Antiseptic spray
Fracture Wooden or plastic splints

(for immobilization of an Broken bone Roll of elastic wrap
injured limb) Tongue depressors
Emergency and poison control

center contact information
Pesticide Exposure Two 1 qt. containers of clean
(for use during pesticide water
Ingestion of or contact Ipecac syrup
application season or to
with pesticide Emergency blanket
keep in pesticide storage
Plastic bags
area) Tape
Disposable rubber gloves
Goggles
SELF CHECK 4.2.1
1. Give some types of specialty kits.
ASNWER KEY 4.2.1
1. Tractor/Combine. Amputation, Fracture
LO3 COMMUNICATE DETAILS OF THE INCIDENT

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Communicate details of the incident requiring first aid

In this topic we look at the communication aspects of providing first aid — from calling for help to
reporting and recording the incident.
Let’s revise where the need for communication fits into the first aid management process. As you can
see from the flowchart, communicating the details of the incident is a vital part of the first aid
management process.
What you’ll learn

On completion of this topic you will be able to:
 Request ambulance support and/or appropriate medical assistance according to relevant
circumstances using relevant communication media and equipment
 Accurately convey assessment of casualty’s condition and management activities to
ambulance services /other emergency services / relieving personnel
 Prepare reports as appropriate in a timely manner, presenting all relevant facts according
to established procedures
 Accurately record details of casualty’s physical condition, changes in conditions,
management and response to management in line with established procedures
 Maintain confidentiality of records and information in line with privacy principles and
statutory and/or organization policies

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SELF CHECK 4.3.1
1. Give at least 3 examples of follow these guidelines when assembling a first aid kit.
ANSWER KEY 4.3.1:
1.
 Include pertinent personal information in first aid kits for individuals who have specific medical
conditions. For example, indicate that a certain person has an allergic reaction to bee stings.
 Include the contact information for the family doctor of each person working in the vicinity of
the kit.
 Remember that agricultural incidents may occur at night or in winter, so include items such as
flares, flashlights, emergency blankets, and waterproof matches.
TASK SHEET 4.3.1

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TASK SHEET 4.3.1
Title:
Demonstrating first aid treatment for various illness and cases
demonstrate first aid treatment for various illness and cases .
First aid kit
Equipment
Steps/Procedure:
Identify what kind of illness
Prepare necessary supplies and materials for first aid treatment
Perform first aid treatment
MODULE CONTENT
CORE COMPETENCY
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Institute 86
Unit of competency: PREPARE LAND AGRICULTURAL CROP PRODUCTION
Module Content: PREPARING LAND AGRICULTURAL CROP PRODUCTION
LO1. PREPARE FOR CULTIVATION
Farm Tools in Horticultural Operation

There’s a wide range of practices of land preparation from minimum tillage that minimizes soil
disturbance to puddled soil that destroys soil structure. Land preparation involves plowing to dig up,
mix, and withdraw the soil; harrowing to turn the soil clods into smaller masses, and leveling the field.
Land preparation takes place after your last harvesting period for effective weed control and to
enrich the soil. Typically, it takes 3-4 weeks to prepare the field before you can start planting your crops.
Thus, you need to use farming equipment such as a plow, harrow, and more in preparing your land.
Tips for Land Preparation

Indeed, land preparation is an extremely important step for farming. And because it’s not easy,
here are the tips for land preparation, and remember to do them for successful planting and harvesting
of crops.
Choosing the Farming Location

The location of your farming is important. It’s best to choose the right one for your ideal growth
of crops. Avoid choosing a random location without knowing the considerations you must look for in
selecting an appropriate place for planting.
Good Amount of Sunlight

Your crops should gain sunlight for 6 hours. Don’t pick a location with many trees or other
shades that will hinder your plants from getting the sunlight they need.
Pick A Stable Drainage Site

In choosing a location for land preparation, don’t forget to spot a location with a stable drainage
site to ensure well-drained soil for ideal crop growth. This prevents water from pooling when rain
occurs.
Avoid Root System

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During land preparation, a tree’s root system can create issues for farmers. If you have enough space for
farming, try to grow your crop 10-20 feet away from a tree. However, if you have chosen a small space
then you might want to check the roots by digging the land first.
Loosening The Soil

After finding the right farming location, it’s time to loosen its soil by digging it. You can loosen the soil
and transfer the soil’s nutrients to the top by using a plow. Loosening the soil improves air circulation
and allows plant roots to dig deeper into the soil by increasing soil air — making the plant grow better
and stronger, and breathe freely.
Not only loose soil offer improved root ventilation but it also helps the growth of microorganisms that
aid digestion while also increasing the humus and nutrients in the soil.
Reducing The Clod Size

Reducing the clod size of your land helps to set up a granular soil structure in the final seedbed.
Once your land is clear and free from plant leftovers from previous crops, then you can implement direct
harrowing or cultivator operations. Thus, other power-driven farming equipment such as rotavators
helps to dissolve clods throughout a wide range of soil moisture for a uniformed and fine-sized clod in
the seedbed.
Leveling Of Soil
Once the field has been shaken, the topsoil is then extremely loose. Therefore, there’s a chance
that your soil will be washed away once high winds or rain occurs. That’s why you have to level the soil
by using a leveler. This farming equipment also helps to aid water distribution by preventing logging
during irrigation.
Fertilizing The Soil

Fertilizing your soil helps to reimpose the soil nutrients to allow the crops to grow stronger and
more properly. Soils need essential nutrients such as phosphorus, nitrogen, and potassium to enhance
the land. In addition, it offers a variety of organic benefits for the soil such as improved soil structure,
retention of soil moisture, and water penetration.
SELF CHECK 1.1.1

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1.Give at least (5) horticultural farm tools
ANSWER KEY 1.1.1
1.Axe, Sprayer, sprinkler, Bolo, Knife, Pruning shears, hand cultivator, hand rake
LO2. PREPARE THE CULTIVATING EQUIPMENT

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Agricultural machinery are equipment and tools used to plant, grow and harvest crops. Since old times,
farmers have been using this equipment in farming activities to plant, grow and harvest crops. From
loosening the soil to harvest the ripened crops they need agricultural tools to work. The earlier
handmade implements and small hand tools are now developed and modified into modern farm
equipment that are used in small-scale gardening to large scale farming.
The most important equipment in agriculture is the tractor which helps farmers to pull implements an
also to supply power to operate some machines on the farm. Different types of implements for various
activities have been developed with time for growing crops such as tillage equipment, seeders and
planters, landscaping equipment, fertilizer spreaders, pest control equipment. Here we are going to
discuss some equipment used for soil cultivation or tillage –
Plough
Plough are used for the initial cultivation of the soil in the process of preparing seedbed for planting.
Ploughing is done to turn over the top layer of the soil and allows bringing fresh nutrients to the surface
while the previous crops remains break down under the surface. In modern agriculture, for increase the
productivity of the soil, a ploughed field is left to dry out and layer harrowed before planting. Various
types of plough in farming are – disc plough, mould-board plough, reversible mould-board plough,
subsoil plough etc.
Harrow
A Harrow is generally used as secondary tillage equipment and to prepare the seedbed. It’ s impact
makes soil more refined and provides deeper cultivation. The soil ploughed with a harrow offers suitable
environment for planting seeds.
Rotary Tiller
A rotary tiller is also referred as a rotavator, power tiller, or rotary plough as it uses motorized gear box
to give power to spinning blades to work with the soil. Rotary tillers are pulled behind a tractor as it
takes power from the tractor PTO.
Cultivator:
A cultivator is used for stirring and pulverizing the soil before planting the seeds. It also removes weeds
and aerates and loosen the soil after growing plants. It stirs the soil to a higher depth than the harrow.
Sometimes it is driven fitted with hydraulic wings to make it easier and safer to ride on the road. It is
generally used for gardening and are smaller in comparison to tillers.
SELF CHECK 1.2.1
1.What is Horticulture
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ANSWER KEY 1.2.1
1. Horticulture, the branch of plant agriculture dealing with garden crops, generally fruits, vegetables,
and ornamental plants. ... In terms of scale, horticulture falls between domestic gardening and field
agriculture, though all forms of cultivation naturally have close links.
LO3. CULTIVATE SOIL

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Soil cultivation is a digging technique used to improve the condition of soil. It enhances soil structure by
reducing compaction.
Any bare soil can be cultivated in order to prepare an ideal seed bed. Fertilizers, manure, and lime can
be added to grow crops or decorative plants.
To successfully cultivate soil a two-step process must be adhered to. The first part of the process is
primary cultivation. This is digging to bury weeds and debris in the soil. This can be a labor-intensive
process but you can alleviate the physical demands by slowly cultivating the soil. Alternatively, a
mechanical rotavator will turn the soil for you.
After primary cultivation, the soil surface must then be prepared so it is ready for sowing and planting.
This is called secondary cultivation. A limited amount of cultivation is required as it can be easy to over-
cultivate. This can be detrimental to the quality of soil. Digging around plants is ill-advised as this can
damage the roots.
Clay soils are best cultivated in autumn. The benefit of this is that it improves the structure of the soil.
Performing a dig in August or September means frost can break up the soil during the subsequent
winter months. Refrain from cultivating when the soil is wet and is going to coagulate.
For light sandy soils the best time to dig is early spring. When you dig, moisture is lost, so it is essential
to perform cultivation prior to the warmest months of the year. You can also cultivate light sandy soils in
autumn if the soil is not sodden or iced over.
Good topsoil is essential if you are looking to grow plants. This is the layer that plants roots are in. It is
essential to make sure that this it is in top health. Soil cultivation can deepen the level of shallow topsoil.
Soil cultivation is a relatively easy process. It can be used on any soil type to rejuvenate its condition. It
can be quite labour intensive but this can be resolved by performing a slow, methodical dig or by
renting/buying a mechanical rotavator.
SELF CHECK 1.1.3
1. Garden tools will last for many seasons if they are maintained properly
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2.Many pruning tools are designed so they can be taken apart to sharpen the blades
3.Sharpen the edges of garden tools, such as hoes, shovels, and spades, using a sharpening stone or a
flat mill bastard fil
ANSWER KEY 1.1.3
1.True
2.True
3.True
LO4. PREPARE SITE FOR PLANTING

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Tree growth during establishment is critically important to the success of an intensive orchard.
Factors that inhibit growth can add to costs through delayed bearing. Appropriate preparation of
the planting site for an intensive pear orchard is essential to help achieve maximum growth and
productivity in the first few years of establishment.
Planning Early
Planning should be done well in advance of planting, particularly if the site is an existing orchard block.
Growers should plan developments at least two to three years in advance to allow enough time to:
prepare an accurate budget, order trees, order trellising and irrigation systems, calculate labour costs
and decide on cultural practices and equipment requirements. Growers may also need to identify and
correct any drainage or nutrition problems and determine if soil fumigation is required. Sound local
advice during planning and implementation is critical to the success of an intensive orchard.
Evaluate the site

Before the final decision is made to develop a site, it should be thoroughly evaluated. An evaluation
should take into account the site’s suitability for pears. It is particularly important to understand
drainage, soil type, slope, prevailing winds, aspect, and frost susceptibility.
This may require mapping the area to identify issues and plan for corrective measures. If it is a replant
site, it is particularly important to analyses the past history of the orchard and identify potential problem
areas.
Site and Soil Preparation

This is the critical aspect of orchard redevelopment. The greater the attention to detail in this phase
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the greater the long-term benefits.
Soil Test
It is imperative to obtain a soil test before preparing the site. This will identify whether you need to
apply nutrients or improve soil.
pH, nutrients, salinity and organic matter

Soils should be tested for pH, soil nutrients, salinity and organic matter so that any amendments can be
made before planting . If surface runoff during irrigation indicates slow soil infiltration rates, a test for
gypsum requirement may also be needed.
A subsoil sample to check pH and gypsum requirements is useful if the site has been replanted more
than once.
SELF CHECK 1.1.3
1. Garden tools will last for many seasons if they are maintained properly
2.Many pruning tools are designed so they can be taken apart to sharpen the blades
3.Sharpen the edges of garden tools, such as hoes, shovels, and spades, using a sharpening stone or a
flat mill bastard fil
ANSWER KEY 1.1.3
1.True
2.True
3.True
LO5. COMPLETE LAND PREPARATION OPERATIONS

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The main objective of land preparation is to create a favorable environment for the rice plants to
germinate and grow. Adequate land preparation will help to: improve soil structure (better ventilation,
permeability, and loosening of the root zone) to make root penetration easier. improve field topography
in order to facilitate irrigation and drainage distribute weeds and crop residues evenly over the field and
incorporate them into the soil obtain good recovery of fertilizer nutrients control weeds.
The operations
Land preparation may include several operations, which are the only options. For instance, in
undeveloped inland valleys, the option often chosen is ‘zero-tillage’: the field is cleared and flooded for
one to two months before transplanting without plowing or leveling.
Clearing and weeding the field

Clearing and weeding involves cutting the weeds and stacking them on the bunds, or spreading them
out over the field.
Pre-irrigation
Pre-irrigating involves flooding the field for 2 to 3 days before the first plowing to moisten the soil and
facilitate plowing.
First plowing
Plowing may be done by hand with a traditional hoe, by tractor or with an animal-drawn plow. Some
guidelines:
Depth of plowing should be about 10–15 cm. Superficial plowing will not favor plant development, while
plowing too deeply may bury nutrients beyond the reach of rice roots.
First plowing should ideally be done a few weeks before sowing to allow enough time for the weed and
crop residues to decompose.
Flooding
After plowing, the field is flooded for about 2 to 3 weeks to kill insects and weeds. Some weed grains
may germinate but these will be destroyed at the time of the second plowing. In phosphorus-deficient
soils, it is advisable to apply a fertilizer containing phosphorus just before the second plowing. Applying
compost or any other source of organic matter may also help fill nutrient deficiencies.
Leveling
Leveling facilitates water management and weed control. Leveling is usually done in two phases:

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A first rough leveling to lower the higher parts of the field, from which soil will be spread out over the
lower areas.
A second more precise leveling after plowing and flooding.
Rakes are usually enough, as the higher parts and lumps move toward the flooded areas thanks to the
water level.
UNIT OF COMPETENCY: IMPLEMENT POST-HARVEST PROGRAM

MODULE CONTENT: IMPLEMENTING POST-HARVEST PROGRAM
LO1 PREPARES FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF POST-HARVEST OPERATIONS.
 Post-harvest operations to be performed are identified according to enterprise work

procedures, the marketing plan, and industry guidelines and confirmed with the supervisor.
 Materials, tools, equipment, and machinery are selected according to enterprise work
procedures.
 Pre-operational and safety checks are carried out on tools, equipment, and machinery according
to manufacturer specifications and enterprise work procedures.
 Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) hazards are identified, risks assessed, controls
implemented, and reported to the supervisor.
 Suitable safety and personal protective equipment (PPE) are selected, used, and maintained.
SELF CHECK 2.1.1
1.Give materials and tools in A. digging and B. watering

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ANSWER KEY 2.1.1
1.A. Digging tools
Digging Tools Shovels, Spades, Forks
1.B Watering tools
Watering Tools Hose Pipes, Sprinklers, Watering Cans
LO2 COORDINATE POSTHARVEST WORK

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 a place where young plants and trees are grown for sale or for planting elsewhere.
SELF CHECK 2.2.1
1.What is a nursery work
ANSWER KEY 2.2.1
1. A Nursery work is a place where young plants and trees are grown for sale or for planting elsewhere.
LO3 STORE AND STOCK PILE MATERIAL

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Poke holes in plastic bags, or leave them open at the top. Fabric shopping bags make great containers
for storing compost, too, but because the bottoms stay so moist, they must be stored on a non-wood
surface that won't rot.
Stockpiling organic materials for composting is an important strategy in creating a good compost pile.
People fairly new to home composting soon discover that they may not have enough materials to make
a compost pile all at once, what is called a Batch Pile (also known as "hot or active" composting). As a
consequence, they may be just as happy composting using the Add-as-You-Go method (also called
"dump-and-run, cold or passive" composting). This latter method is what most people do anyway, but
stockpiling a few items, especially leaves, will make even this method a little more successful.
Seasoned veterans to composting know how to PLAN AHEAD. So, what are they specifically "planning
ahead" for?
The answer is: GREEN and BROWN organic materials!
If you want to brush up on what is meant by GREEN and BROWN, go to
The Carbon:Nitrogen Ratio. Here you will learn that part of the science and art of composting is using
balanced quantities of nitrogen-rich materials (GREENs) and carbonaceous materials (BROWNs)
SELF CHECK 2.3.1
1.Stockpiling organic materials for composting is an important strategy in creating a good compost pile.
2. . Fabric shopping bags make great containers for storing compost.
ANSWER KEY 2.3.1 :
1.True
2.True
TASK SHEET 2.3.1

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TASK SHEET 2.3.1
Title:
STORE AND STOCK PILE MATERIAL
perform proper storing and stocking pile material.
Stock file
Label
Equipment
Cabinet
Storage boxes
Steps/Procedure:
Identify the tools and materials
Place them in their proper storage bin with corresponding label
LO4 CLEAN UP ON COMPLETION OF NURSERY

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4 Ways to Improve Nursery Workplace Safety Through Equipment Handling
Unsafe workplaces can be a burden to your workers and the families involved. Any injuries, sufferings or
death can massively reduce productivity, reputation and competitiveness of your nursery business. Not
to mention increased annual Workers Compensation Insurance for 3 years. Obvious statements, but
how do we improve our nurseries?
Whatever you can do to improve safety in your nursery can benefit a lot of people especially your staff.
Thus, NSW government created an ACT to secure the workplace health and safety.
Work Health and Safety (WH&S)

Both you and your employees have rights and responsibilities under the Work Health and Safety Act
2011. Find out below a brief summary of the duties for both parties around nursery equiment handling
under the ACT.
Duties of workers for nursery equipment handling

While at work, a worker should:
 Take reasonable care for his or her own health and safety and
 Take reasonable care that his or her acts or omissions do not adversely affect the health and safety of
other persons and
 Comply, so far as the worker is reasonable, with any reasonable instruction that is given by the person
conducting the business or undertaking to allow the person to comply with the Act and
 Cooperate with any reasonable policy or procedure of the person conducting the business or
understanding relating to health or safety at the workplace that has been notified to workers
Duties of employers for nursery equipment handling

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As employers, you are also required to follow the Work Health and Safety Act 2011. Under the Act, it is
your duty to ensure the health and safety of your workers. You are required to train your workers and
carry out a Competency Assessment before they operate any nursery equipment.
The inappropriate use of nursery machinery can influence and affect the safety of your staff. As of July
2014, there are:
 1,360 workers injured and 5 died in forklifts incidents

 16% of major damages were caused by lifting and handling injuries
 An average cost of more than $15.8 million to the NSW worker’s compensation scheme.
To avoid tragedy from happening, here are four ways to improve nursery workplace safety through
equipment handling.
1. Training your staff on the proper usage of nursery equipment

Lack of information, training and experience on how to handle nursery equipment is one of the main
causes of injuries at the workplace. Thus, conducting regular training on the safe usage of nursery
equipment is necessary. It takes some effort to change peoples habits.Toolbox meetings are ideal for
regular short training sessions. Make sure you record who is in attendance as proof of training.
Working together and communicating with staff regularly reduces incidents and improves safety at the
workplace. Every worker must be provided with proper training and instructions on how to operate
nursery equipment. In this way, staff especially new starters or juniors know how to avoid any potential
accidents when using equipment.Good initial training will save money over the years and set the right
WH&S culture in the workplace.
Workers should be made aware of the physical and environmental hazards equipment and the
environment may cause.
2. Utilising the right tools and equipment for the right task
A guide entitled Machinery and Equipment Safety – An Introduction (1st Edition) provides key principles
of machinery and equipment safety. When utilising a machine and equipment, you should think
about how, who, when and what:
 who will be working on or around the machinery and equipment?

 will people be required to work in enclosed areas where the atmosphere could be harmful, such as pits,
tanks or storage vessels?
 what equipment or materials need to be readily available or carried to undertake the task?
 where and when access is required for maintenance and cleaning?
 how will people gain safe access (walkway, gantry, elevated work platform or ladder)?
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 what work will be carried out?
 are the noise levels of concern?
 will people be near or exposed to an unidentified mechanical or non-mechanical hazard at the time of
access, entanglement, crushing or sharpe objects a problem?
 has consultation occurred with employees or contractors regarding how they intend to undertake their
contracted task, and what equipment will be needed to best suit the task at hand?
 Has contractors equipment been approved and meets standards. Will you know if they are on site?
Staff should be provided with suitable equipment for the job they do. Nursery equipment should have a
good ergonomic design to ensure staff’s easy use and short and long term safety. Employers should
provide staff with personnal safety equipment like gloves, hats, sunscreen etc. for use while working if
the danger/risk cannot be removed.
The WHS Regulations 2011 Division 5 states: Personal Protective Equipment
The maximum fines applied if you do not provide workers with information, training and instruction in
the:
 Proper use and wearing of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and

 In the case of an individual $6,000 or
 In the case of a body corporate $30,000
Longer version with more details (recommend for reading): The WHS Regulations 2011 Division 5 -
Personal Protective Equipment
3. Provide maintenance and inspection on the equipment

In NSW, SafeWork NSW inspectors can conduct assessments and provide methods on how to resolve
equipment problems in your workplace. They are responsible for inspecting and ensuring if workplace
(including the equipment) used is safe for everybody.
Before using any equipment in the nursery, workers should make sure that:
 The machine is in good working condition.

 It has proper guarding on moving parts. Too often guards are removed.
 How much tape, string and wire is holding the machine together? Remove and fix properly.
 Warning devices and emergency stop controls are in place, working and can be accessed easily. Do you
have a reporting or NCR system to record issues?
 Operators should be trained and have work cover cards for specialised equipment and processes e.g.
forklift, bobcat, chemical spraying, confined spaces etc. Training Register must be kept up to date,
always a challenge if correct procedures are not in place.
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 Manufacturer’s instructions and guide should be readily available and followed.
 The equipment should be maintained according to the manufacturer’s specifications, obviously!
4. Reduce or eliminate equipment handling risks
Any risks caused by usage of nursery equipment should be reduced or eliminated. System controls,
warning devices, and protective devices should be all functioning well. Emergency stop controls on
equipment should also be easily identified and accessable.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) should be provided and at hand to reduce risks such as noise and
hazardous substances.

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SELF CHECK 2.4.1
1.What are the four (4) ways to improve a nursery workplace
ASNWER KEY 2.4.1
1.Training your staff on the proper usage of nursery equipment

Lack of information, training and experience on how to handle nursery equipment is one of the main
causes of injuries at the workplace. Thus, conducting regular training on the safe usage of nursery
equipment is necessary. It takes some effort to change peoples habits.Toolbox meetings are ideal for
regular short training sessions. Make sure you record who is in attendance as proof of training.
2.Utilising the right tools and equipment for the right task
A guide entitled Machinery and Equipment Safety – An Introduction (1st Edition) provides key principles
of machinery and equipment safety. When utilising a machine and equipment, you should think
about how, who, when and what:
3.Provide maintenance and inspection on the equipment

In NSW, SafeWork NSW inspectors can conduct assessments and provide methods on how to resolve
equipment problems in your workplace. They are responsible for inspecting and ensuring if workplace
(including the equipment) used is safe for everybody.
4.Reduce or eliminate equipment handling risks

Any risks caused by usage of nursery equipment should be reduced or eliminated. System controls,
warning devices, and protective devices should be all functioning well. Emergency stop controls on
equipment should also be easily identified and accessable

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Unit Competency: Support Agronomic Crop Work
Module Content: Supporting Agronomic Crop Work
LO1 PREPARE MATERIALS, TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT FOR AGRONOMIC CROP WORK
What are agronomic crops?
Agronomy includes the crops which are used for food purpose and are known as staple crops. ... On the
basis of this classification, major types of agronomic crops can be cereal, oil seed crop, pulses,
fibre crops, sugar crops, forage crops, medicinal crops, roots and tuber crops, vegetable or
garden crops, etc.
Farm tools in agricultural crop production

1. BOLO
2. RABOWRC CROWBAR
3. ICPK- TOMTAKC PICK-MATTOCK
4. BRAG- OEH GRAB-HOE
5. APSED SPADE
6. LOVEHS SHOVEL
7. ARKE RAKE
8. NADH LEOTWR HAND TROWEL
9. DAHN KORF HAND FORK
10. AXE
11. KNIFE
12. LERRIPSKNS SPRINKLERS
13. PASRYRE SPRAYER
14. LCKISE SICKLE
15. 1AHWORR HARROW
16. WOLP PLOW
17. FARM TOOLS IN AGRICULTURAL CROP PRODUCTION
18. DEFINITION OF TERMS •Farm Equipment - These are machineries used in crop production. They
are used in land preparation and in transporting farm inputs and products. These equipment a
highly skilled operator to use •Farm implements - accessories pulled by animals or mounted to
machineries to the work easier
19. •Farm tools - objects that are usually light and are used without the help of animals and
machines •Preventive maintenance - an activity or operation done to prevent malfunction of
tools and equipment and it is done to prolong the useful life of tools and equipment •Repair - to
restore to good condition

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20. 2HAND TOOLS Hand tools are usually light and are used without the help of animals or
machines. They are being used in performing farm activities which involve small areas like
school garden and home garden.
21. BOLO is used for cutting tall grasses and weeds and chopping branches of trees.
22. CROWBAR is used for digging big holes and for digging out big stones and stumps.
23. PICK- MATTOCK is used for digging canals, breaking hard topsoil and for digging up stones and
tree
24. GRAB-HOE is used for breaking hard topsoil and pulverizing
25. SPADE is used for removing trash or soil, digging canals or ditches and mixing soil
26. SHOVEL is used in removing trash, digging loose soil, moving soil from one place to another and
for mixing soil
27. RAKE is used for cleaning the ground and leveling the topsoil.
28. SPADING FORK is used for loosening the soil, digging out root crops and turning over the
materials in a
29. LIGHT HOE is used for loosening and leveling soil and digging out furrows for planting
30. HAND TROWEL is used for loosening the soil around the growing plants and putting small
amount of manure fertilizer
31. HAND CULTIVATOR is used for cultivating the garden plot by loosening the soil and removing
weeds around the
32. HAND FORK is used for inter row cultivation.
33. PRUNING SHEARS is for cutting branches of planting materials and unnecessary branches of
34. AXE is for cutting bigger size post.
35. KNIFE•is for cutting planting materials and for performing other operations in horticulture
36. SPRINKLERS for watering seedlings and young plants
37. WATER PAILS for hauling water, manure and
38. SPRAYERS are for spraying insecticides, foliar fertilizers, fungicides and
39. WHEEL BARROW is used for hauling trash, manures, fertilizers, planting materials and
40. SICKLE is a hand-held agricultural tool with a variously curved blade typically used for cutting
weeds.
41. FARM IMPLEMENTS •These are accessories which are being pulled by working animals or
mounted to machineries (hand tractor, tractor) which are usually used in the preparation of
land. These are usually made of a special
42. PLOWS• These are farm implements either pulled by a working animal or a tractor. The plow is
specifically used for tilling large areas, making furrows and inter row cultivation. Plows pulled by
working animals are made of either a combination of metal and wood or pure metal. They are
used to till areas with a shallower depth than that of the disc plows which are
43. NATIVE WOODEN HARROW
44. DISC HARROW
45. HARROW •The native wooden harrow is made of wood with a metal teeth and pulled by a
carabao while the disc harrow is made of metal mounted to a tractor. Harrows are used for
tilling and pulverizing the soil.
46. ROTAVATOR •The rotavator is an implement mounted to a tractor used for tilling and
pulverizing the
47. PROPER USE OF SHOVEL
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48. PPE TOOLS Footwear Long pants Gloves Rag Shovel
PROCEDURE
1. Keep feet wide apart. Place front foot close to shovel
2. Put weight on front foot. Use leg to push
3. Shift weight to rear foot. Keep load close to body
4. Turn feet in direction of throw
5. Perform house keeping
SELF CHECK 3.1.1
1.What is Agronomy?
ANSWER KEY 3.1.1
1.Agronomy includes the crops which are used for food purpose and are known as
staple crops. ... On the basis of this classification, major types of agronomic crops can be cereal,
oil seed crop, pulses, fibre crops, sugar crops, forage crops, medicinal crops, roots and
tuber crops, vegetable or garden crops, etc.

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LO2. UNDERTAKE AGRONOMIC CROP WORK AS DIRECTED
Agronomic Crops
Agronomic crops are staple food crops, such as corn, rice, beans, and wheat, which are produced on a
large scale and represent the foundation of our human food supply. Agronomic crops also include cereal
or grain crops; grain legumes or pulses and oilseed crops for food, feed or industrial use; pasture and
forage crops; fiber crops; sugar crops; and starchy root and tuber crops.
SELF CHECK 3.2.1
1.Give examples of agronomic crops?
ANSWER KEY 3.2.1
1. corn, rice, beans, and wheat

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TASK SHEET 3.2.1
TASK SHEET 3.2.1
Title:
Performing agronomic work
perform agronomic work.
Agronomic supplies
Chemicals
Fertilizers
Hand tools
Equipment
Steps/Procedure:
Prepare the cropping area
Identify the agronomy crops to be used
Perform agronomic work as directed

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LO3. HANDLE MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT

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SELF CHECK 3.3.1
1.Identify at least three(3) tools in the photo
ANSWER KEY 3.3.1
1.Axe,Shove, Spade, Rake,Fork

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LO4 CLEAN UP ON COMPLETION OF CROPPING WORK
SELF CHECK 3.4.1
1.What is the first stage of work in Botany?
2.What is the last stage of work in Botany?
ANSWER KEY 3.4.1
1.Germination
2.Ripening

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UNIT OF COMPETENCY : SUPPORT IRRIGATION WORK
MODULE TITLE : SUPPORTING IRRIGATION WORK
LO1 PREPARE MATERIALS, TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT FOR IRRIGATION WORK
What are the tools used for irrigation?

Irrigation tools are typically sold under several main categories, including drip and
underground irrigation tools, sprinklers, hoses, and irrigation timers. Drip irrigation tools such as
connectors, piping, and sprinklers are used to create overhead irrigation systems.
The four methods of irrigation are:

 Surrickle.
 face.
 Sprinkler.
 Subsurface.
SELF CHECK 4.1.1
1.What are the methods of irrigation ?
ANSWER 4.1.1
1.The four methods of irrigation are:

 Surrickle.
 face.
 Sprinkler.
 Subsurface.

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LO2. UNDERTAKE IRRIGATION WORK AS DIRECTED
The irrigation as seen in the photo is overflowing with water providing adequate supply for the
agricultural activities of the farm.

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SELF CHECK 4.2.1
1.Irrigation is needed in the agricultural crops production.

2.Adequate supply of water is necessary to agriculture.
ANSWER KEY 4.2.1
1.True
2.True

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TASK SHEET 4.2.1
TASK SHEET 4.2.1
Title:
Performing irrigation work
perform irrigation work.
Equipment
Water pump
Steps/Procedure:
Make sure the source of water is adequate and available
Perform irrigation work as directed
LO3. HANDLE MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT

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Some Tools That Can Make Installing Your Sprinkler System Easier
The right tools make the job a whole lot easier and are worth investing in! Twenty or even forty bucks
for a good tool is a lot cheaper than 3 weeks laid up in bed with a pulled muscle. Most tools last a long
time. Also consider renting or borrowing tools if you are on a budget.
The tools required to install an irrigation system are pretty basic; a shovel, hacksaw, wire cutter, a
couple of wrenches, and a knife will get the job done in most cases. But a few special tools make the
work much easier and faster to perform. Here is a list of the tools commonly used by professionals
Specialty Tools You Really Need:
Mattock: If you were to only buy one specialty tool this should be the one! By far the handiest tool for
putting in irrigation systems! A mattock is a cross between a pick and a shovel. It has a narrow blade like
a trenching shovel but you swing it like a pick. I use a combination mattock/pick for digging short
trenches and removing rocks. It has a mattock blade on one side and a pick on the other. A railroad pick
is similar to a mattock/pick, but the blade is narrower than a standard mattock. A mattock digs trenches
twice as fast and twice as easy as a shovel. A mattock with a longer handle is much less tiring to use
than a short handle model.
Trenching Shovel/Spade: This shovel is very similar to the Round Point shovel only it is narrow – usually
only 3 or 4 inches wide so it can fit in narrow trenches. Most trencher machines create a 4″ wide trench
so if you buy just one I suggest a 4″. (I have both 3″ & 4″ shovels, I use my 4″ shovel about 95% of the
time.) A trenching shovel is used to remove loose dirt from the bottom of trenches dug by a machine or
for digging trenches in soft soil. Remember you’re going to be using it in a deep trench, so get one with a
long handle, not one of the short “D” handle versions. If you use a short handle version your back is
going to really hurt the next day!
PVC Pipe Cutter: This is a handy cutting tool used for cutting PVC pipe and poly hose. It looks something
like a pair of garden shears. It works much faster and easier than a saw, and results in a square cut with
little or no burrs. A real time-saver and when used properly it will probably save you hundreds of
dollars in future repairs from leaks caused by crooked cuts and burrs which can ruin a glue joint. Proper
technique is essential when using a pipe cutter! Follow the instructions that come with it and make
several practice cuts to get the hang of it. Using the cutter wrong can result in hairline cracks in the
pipe which will not be noticed until it is too late and you have a leak. Use it to slice through the pipe
with very little pressure. Very lightly squeeze the handles and rotate the cutter around the pipe. As you
rotate the cutter the razor sharp blade will smoothly and cleanly slice through the pipe without leaving
ridges or burrs. Do not “chop” the pipe by powering through it with a hard squeeze of the handles!
Light pressure only!! If the pipe deforms at all while you’re cutting it you are squeezing too hard and
doing it wrong! Let the sharp blade do the work.

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SELF CHECK 4.3.1
1.What special tool is needed in irrigation work?
ANSWER KEY 4.3.1
1. Mattock: If you were to only buy one specialty tool this should be the one! By far the handiest
tool for putting in irrigation systems! A mattock is a cross between a pick and a shovel. It has a
narrow blade like a trenching shovel but you swing it like a pick. I use a combination mattock/pick
for digging short trenches and removing rocks. It has a mattock blade on one side and a pick on the
other. A railroad pick is similar to a mattock/pick, but the blade is narrower than a standard
mattock. A mattock digs trenches twice as fast and twice as easy as a shovel. A mattock with a
longer handle is much less tiring to use than a short handle model.

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LO4 CLEAN UP ON COMPLETION OF IRRIGATION WORK

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SELF CHECK 4.4.1
Give a t least three (3) tools in irrigation
What are the three (3) irrigation methods?
ANSWER KEY 4.4.1 :

Drip, Sprinkler , Hose
Surface, Sprinkler, Drip/Subsurface

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Agri NC 3 CBLM

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SECTOR

AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERY SECTOR

AGRICULTURAL CROPS PRODUCTION NC III

Unit of Competency: Receive and respond to workplace communication

LO1: FOLLOW ROUTINE SPOKEN MESSAGES

INFORMATION SHEET No. 1.1.1

Understand the importance of communication in the workplace

Date Prepared : Issued by:

ANSWER KEY 1.1.1

Date Prepared : Issued by:

INFORMATION SHEET 1.2.1

How important is it in the workplace?

How does the communication process work?

Date Prepared : Issued by:

How the message is likely to be received

The Communications Process

Date Prepared : Issued by:

1. How important is worker performing in the workplace?

ANSWER KEY 1.2.1

Date Prepared : Issued by:

TASK SHEET 1.2.1

Pen and Paper

Familiarize with the script

Unit of Competency: WORK WITH OTHERS

LO1: DEVELOP EFFECTIVE WORKPLACE RELATIONSHIP

INFORMATION SHEET 2.1.1

What are relationships in the workplace?

 Increased satisfaction with your career

Date Prepared : Issued by:

ANSWER KEY 2.1.1

Date Prepared : Issued by:

INFORMATION SHEET 2.2.1

Elements of good workplace relationships

 Open communication: Open communication is crucial to any relationship, including a workplace

How to build relationships in the workplace

1. Understand your strengths and weaknesses.

Date Prepared : Issued by:

Fill in the blanks

ANSWER KEY 2.2.1:

Date Prepared : Issued by:

LO1. DEFINE PURPOSE OF WORK

INFORMATION SHEET 3.1.1

Apply work values/ethics

What are some examples of work values?

Know the Law

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Train Your Employees

Put Someone in Charge

Designate an ombudsperson in charge of handling employees’ informal concerns pertaining to

Be Fair When Applying Policies

3.4.1 Maintain integrity of conduct in the workplace

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SELF CHECK 3.1.1

ANSWER KEY 3.1.1

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INFORMATION SHEET 3.2.1

Benefits of standardized work

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1. What are some examples of work values?

ANSWER KEY 3.2.1:

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3.3. Find the most efficient way to run your operations

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