Introductory Algebra 11th Edition Lial

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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Find the greatest common factor of the numbers.

1) 42, 378
A) 21 B) 6 C) 42 D) 14
Answer: C

2) 240, 13,500
A) 60 B) 240 C) 180 D) 30
Answer: A

3) 88, 567
A) 77 B) 44 C) 6 D) 1
Answer: D

4) 120; 2000; 11,250

A) 30 B) 10 C) 50 D) 20
Answer: B

5) 1562, 60, 6750

A) 2 B) 4 C) 12 D) 5
Answer: A

6) 8, 14, 20
A) 8 B) 4 C) 1 D) 2
Answer: D

7) 10, 25, 30, 45

A) 2 B) 10 C) 1 D) 5
Answer: D

8) 13, 17, 79
A) 11 B) 3 C) 1 D) 5
Answer: C

9) 54, 24
A) 3 B) 9 C) 78 D) 6
Answer: D

Find the greatest common factor of the terms.

10) 10m 3 , 40m 7
A) 400m 4 B) 40m 3 C) 10m 4 D) 10m 3
Answer: D

11) 88x2 , 44x9

A) 22x7 B) 88x2 C) 66x2 D) 44x2
Answer: D

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 12) 64a 8 b2 , 40a 5b8
A) 320a 8b8 B) 4a 3 b6 C) 8a 8 b8 D) 8a 5b2
Answer: D

13) 14m 5 , 56m 9, 196m 6

A) 56m 5 B) 14m 4 C) 14m 5 D) 784m 4
Answer: C

14) 14y, 21
A) 7 B) 14 C) 7y D) 42y
Answer: A

15) -x3 y9 , -xy8

A) y8 B) xy8 C) x3 y8 D) x3 y9
Answer: B

Complete the factoring.

16) 21 = 7( )
A) 28 B) 14 C) 3 D) 4
Answer: C

17) 2x2 = 2x( )

A) x B) x2 C) 2 D) 4
Answer: A

18) 12x3 = 4x( )

A) 3x2 B) 3x C) 48x2 D) 48x4
Answer: A

19) -9z 7 = -3z 3( )

A) 3z4 B) 27z C) -3z 4 D) 3z 3
Answer: A

20) 54x8 y9 = 9x2 y3( )

A) 6x6 y6 B) 486x6 y6 C) 486x7 y7 D) 6xy6
Answer: A

21) 5x2 - 20x = 5x( )

A) x2 - 4 B) 4 - x C) x - 4 D) 4 - x2
Answer: C

22) 7x2 y4 + 42x2y3 = 7x2 y3 ( )

A) y + 6x2 B) x2 y + 6 C) y + 6 D) 7y + 6x
Answer: C

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Factor out the greatest common factor.
23) 80m 7 + 64m 5 + 32m 2
A) m 2 (80m 5 + 64m 3 + 32) B) no common factor (except 1)
C) 16m 2 (5m 5 + 4m 3 + 2) D) 16(5m 7 + 4m 5 + 2m 2 )
Answer: C

24) 48x8 y7 + 160x6 y4 - 128x4 y2

A) 16x4 (3x4 y7 + 10x2y4 - 8y2) B) 16x4 y2 (3x4 y5 + 10x2y2 - 8)
C) 16(3x8y7 + 10x6 y4 - 8x4 y2) D) no common factor (except 1)
Answer: B

25) 27x6 y7 + 36x2 y4 + 72x4 y2

A) 9x2 y2 (3x4 y5 + 4y2 + 8x2) B) 9x2 (3x4 y7 + 4y4 + 8x2y2 )
C) no common factor (except 1) D) 9(3x6y7 + 4x2y4 + 8x4y2 )
Answer: A

26) 10m 2 - 19r3

A) 2(5m 2 + 9r3 ) B) 3(3m 2 - 6r3 )
C) m 2 (10 - 19m) D) no common factor (except 1)
Answer: D

27) 5x(2x - 3) - 4(2x - 3)

A) (10x + 4)(x + 3) B) (5x - 4)(2x - 3) C) (5x + 4)(2x + 3) D) (10x - 4)(x - 3)
Answer: B

28) t(6 - m) + s(6 - m)

A) no common factor (except 1) B) (t + s)(6 - m)
C) (t - s)(6 - m) D) t(6 - m) + s
Answer: B

29) 3m(5 - m) + 7n(5 - m)

A) no common factor (except 1) B) (3m + 7n)(5 - m)
C) (3m - 7n)(5 - m) D) m(3 + 7n)(5 - 1)
Answer: B

30) 18y + 36
A) 18y B) 18(y + 2)
C) 36 D) no common factor (except 1)
Answer: B

31) 5x2 + 45x

A) 5x2 (x + 9) B) x(5x + 45) C) 5x(x + 45) D) 5x(x + 9)
Answer: D

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 32) 3x2 y4 + 18x2y3
A) y + 6 B) 3x3 y2 (y + 6) C) 3x2y3 (y + 6) D) x2 y3 (3y + 6)
Answer: C

Factor out the greatest common factor, or a negative common factor if the coefficient of the term of greatest degree is
negative.
1 5
33) x +
2 2
1 5 1 1
A) x+ B) (x + 5) C) 2(x + 5) D) 2 x +
2 2 2 5
Answer: B

1 3 2
34) w - w
5 25
1 1 3 2 1
A) w(5w2 - 2) B) 25w(5w2 - 2) C) w - w D) w(5w3 - 2w)
25 5 5 25
Answer: A

35) -75x3 - 15x

A) 5(15x - 3) B) -15x(5x2 - 1) C) -15x(5x2 + 1) D) -3(25x - 5)
Answer: C

36) -5x2 + 15x

A) -5x(x - 3) B) -5x2(x + 3) C) -5x(x + 15) D) x(5x + 15)
Answer: A

37) -12x6 - 12x

A) -12(x7 + 1) B) -12x(x5 + 1) C) -12x(x5 - 1) D) 12(x6 + x)
Answer: B

38) -t7 - 9t3

A) -t3(t4 - 9) B) t4(t3 - 9) C) t(t6 - 9t2 ) D) -t3 (t4 + 9)
Answer: D

39) -4s6 + 16s3

A) -4s3(s3 - 4) B) 12(s3 + 4s) C) -s3 (4s3 + 16) D) -4s3 (s3 + 4)
Answer: A

Factor by grouping.
40) 6x2 - 4x - 9x + 6
A) (6x + 3)(x + 2) B) (6x - 3)(x - 2) C) (2x - 3)(3x - 2) D) (2x + 3)(3x + 2)
Answer: C

41) 6x2 - 8xy - 15xy + 20y2

A) (6x - 5y)(x - 4y) B) (2x + 5y)(3x - 4y) C) (2x - 5y)(3x - 4y) D) (2x - 5)(3x - 4)
Answer: C

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 42) 10a 3 + 15a 2 b + 12ab2 + 18b3
A) (5a2 + 6b2 )(2a + 3b) B) (5a 2 + 6b)(2a + 3b)
C) (10a 2 + 6b2 )(a + 3b) D) (5a 2 - 6b2 )(2a - 3b)
Answer: A

43) 24 - 3r - 8p + rp
A) (8 + r)(3 - p) B) (8 - r)(3 - p) C) (8 + r)(3 + p) D) (8 - r)(3 + p)
Answer: B

44) 12r2 + 18ry - 2xr - 3xy

A) (2r + 3y)(6r - x) B) (2r + 3y)(6x - r) C) (3r + 2y)(6r - x) D) (2r + 3y)(x - 6r)
Answer: A

45) r3 + r2 + 3r + 3
A) (r2 + 1)(r + 3) B) (r2 + 3)(r + 3) C) (r2 + 3)(r + 1) D) (r2 + 3)(r - 3)
Answer: C

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

Provide an appropriate response.

46) Give an example of three numbers whose greatest common factor is 7.
Answer: Answers vary, but 14, 21, 35 are correct.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

47) Is x10y7 a common factor of -x11y8 and x10y7 ?

A) No B) Yes
Answer: B

48) Is x2 y3 a common factor of x3 y5 and x1 y3?

A) Yes B) No
Answer: B

49) Is x3 y2 z 7 a common factor of x4y3 z 8and -x3 y2z 7 ?

A) No B) Yes
Answer: B

50) Is it possible to factor the expression 3x9 (y + 9) + 4(y + 9)? If so, factor it.
A) Yes: (y + 9)(3x9 + 4) B) Yes: 3x9(y + 9) + 4
C) Yes: 3x9 (y + 13) D) No
Answer: A

51) Is it possible to factor the expression 19x3(y + 5) + 6(y - 5)? If so, factor it.
A) Yes: (19x3 + 6 + 5 + y) B) Yes: (19x3 + 6)(y + 5)
C) Yes: (19x3 + 6)(y - 5) D) No
Answer: D

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Find the pair of numbers whose product and sum are given.
52) Product: -28 Sum: -3
A) 7 and -4 B) -28 and 1 C) -7 and 4 D) 28 and -1
Answer: C

53) Product: 320 Sum: 36

A) 20 and -16 B) 20 and 16 C) -20 and 16 D) -20 and -16
Answer: B

54) Product: 72 Sum: -22

A) 18 and -4 B) 18 and 4 C) -18 and -4 D) -18 and 4
Answer: C

Complete the factoring.

55) x2 + 13x + 42 = (x + 7)( )
A) x2 + 6 B) x + 6 C) x + 35 D) x - 20
Answer: B

56) x2 - 4x - 45 = (x + 5)( )
A) 9 - x B) x + 9 C) x - 9 D) -x - 9
Answer: C

57) x2 - 10x + 24 = (x - 4)( )

A) 4 - x B) x - 6 C) x2 + 4 D) x + 6
Answer: B

58) x2 - 5x - 24 = (x - 8)( )
A) x2 + 8 B) x + 3 C) x - 3 D) 8 - x
Answer: B

Factor completely.
59) x2 - x - 20
A) (x + 5)(x - 4) B) (x + 1)(x - 20) C) Prime D) (x + 4)(x - 5)
Answer: D

60) x2 + 3x - 54
A) (x - 9)(x + 6) B) (x + 9)(x - 6) C) Prime D) (x - 9)(x + 1)
Answer: B

61) x2 - 5x - 50
A) (x + 5)(x - 10) B) (x - 5)(x + 10) C) Prime D) (x - 5)(x + 1)
Answer: A

62) x2 - x - 54
A) Prime B) (x - 54)(x + 1) C) (x + 6)(x - 9) D) (x - 6)(x + 9)
Answer: A

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63) x2 + 71x + 72
A) Prime B) (x + 72)(x - 1) C) (x + 12)(x - 6) D) (x - 12)(x + 6)
Answer: A

64) 7x2 - 7x - 42
A) Prime B) (7x + 14)(x - 3) C) 7(x - 2)(x + 3) D) 7(x + 2)(x - 3)
Answer: D

65) 3x2 - 24x + 48

A) 3(x - 16)(x + 1) B) Prime C) (3x - 12)(x - 4) D) 3(x - 4)(x - 4)
Answer: D

66) 2x3 + 4x2 - 16x

A) Prime B) (2x2 + 4x)(x - 4) C) 2x(x + 2)(x - 4) D) 2x(x - 2)(x + 4)
Answer: D

67) x3 - x2 - 6x
A) x(x + 3)(x - 2) B) (x2 + 1)(x - 6) C) Prime D) x(x + 2)(x - 3)
Answer: D

68) 4x5 + 16x4 - 180x3

A) x3(x + 9)(4x - 20) B) 43 (x2 + 4x - 45) C) 4x3 (x + 9)(x - 5) D) x3 (4x + 36)(x - 5)
Answer: C

69) x2 + 2xy - 35y2

A) (x - 7y)(x + 5y) B) (x + 7y)(x - 5y) C) (x - y)(x + 5y) D) (x - 7y)(x + y)
Answer: B

70) u2 - 3uv - 54v2

A) (u - 6v)(u + 9v) B) (u - 6v)(u + v) C) (u + 6v)(u - 9v) D) (u - v)(u + 9v)
Answer: C

71) x2 + 5xy - 126y2

A) (x - y)(x + 9y) B) (x + 14y)(x - 9y) C) (x - 14y)(x + 9y) D) (x - 14y)(x + y)
Answer: B

72) x2 - 3xy - 18y2

A) (x + 6y)(x - 3y) B) (x - 6y)(x + 3y) C) (x - y)(x + 3y) D) (x - 6y)(x + y)
Answer: B

73) 2x2 - 6xy - 8y2

A) Prime B) 2(x - y)(x + 4y) C) 2(x + y)(x - 4y) D) (2x - 2y)(x + 4y)
Answer: C

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 74) 5x3 + 5x2 y - 100xy2
A) 5x(x - 4y)(x + 5y) B) Prime
C) 5x(x + 4y)(x - 5y) D) (5x2 + 20xy)(x - 5y)
Answer: A

75) x3y + 2x2 y2 - 24xy3

A) xy(x + 6y)(x - 4y) B) xy(x2 + 2x - 24y2) C) y(x + 6y)(xy - 4y2 ) D) x(xy + 6y2 )(x - 4y)
Answer: A

76) x9 - 3x8 y - 10x7 y2

A) x6(x - 5y)(x + 2y) B) x7 (x - 5y)(x + 2y) C) x7 (x + 5y)(x + 2y) D) x7 (x - 2y)(x + 5y)
Answer: B

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

Provide an appropriate response.

77) What steps would you take to factor x2 + 14x + 40 ?
Answer: Answers will vary. Find two numbers whose product is 40 and whose sum is 14.

78) What steps would you take to factor x2 - 4x + 4 ?

Answer: Answers will vary. Find two numbers whose sum is -4 and whose product is 4.

79) Use the FOIL method to show that (10x + 20)(x - 5) is 10x2 - 30x - 100. If you were asked to completely factor
10x2 - 30x - 100, why would it be incorrect to give (10x + 20)(x - 5) as your answer?
Answer: The factor of 10 should be factored out.

80) Explain the error in the following:

x2 + 2x - 15 = (x - 5)(x + 3)
Answer: The factorization yields a middle term of -2x rather than 2x:
x2 + 2x - 15 = (x + 5)(x - 3)

81) In factoring a trinomial in y as (y + a)(y + b), what must be true of a and b, if the coefficient of the last term of the
trinomial is positive?
Answer: The numbers a and b must have the same sign (both positive or both negative).

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

The middle term of the trinomial has been rewritten. Now factor by grouping.
82) 12x2 - 9x + 8x - 6
A) (12x + 2)(x - 3) B) (3x + 2)(4x - 3) C) (12x - 2)(x + 3) D) (3x - 2)(4x + 3)
Answer: B

83) 12x2 - 9xy - 20xy + 15y2

A) (3x - 5y)(4x - 3y) B) (12x - 5y)(x - 3y) C) (3x + 5y)(4x - 3y) D) (3x - 5)(4x - 3)
Answer: A

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 84) s2 + 5s + 6s + 30
A) (s + 5)(s + 6) B) (s - 5)(s - 6) C) (s + 5)(s - 6) D) s(s + 41)
Answer: A

Factor as completely as possible. If unfactorable, indicate that the polynomial is prime.

85) 20x2 + 31x + 12
A) prime B) (20x + 3)(x + 4) C) (4x - 3)(5x - 4) D) (4x + 3)(5x + 4)
Answer: D

86) 12y2 + 25y + 12

A) prime B) (4y + 3)(3y + 4) C) (4y - 3)(3y - 4) D) (12y + 3)(y + 4)
Answer: B

87) 12z 2 + 7z - 12
A) (12z + 4)(z - 3) B) (3z - 4)(4z + 3) C) prime D) (3z + 4)(4z - 3)
Answer: D

88) 8z2 + 6z - 9
A) (4z + 3)(2z - 3) B) (8z - 3)(z + 3) C) (4z - 3)(2z + 3) D) prime
Answer: C

89) 8x2 + 18xt + 9t2

A) prime B) (2x + 3t)(4x + 3t) C) (2x - 3t)(4x - 3t) D) (8x + 3t)(x + 3t)
Answer: B

90) 6x2 + 11xt + 4t2

A) prime B) (6x + t)(x + 4t) C) (2x - t)(3x - 4t) D) (2x + t)(3x + 4t)
Answer: D

91) 45 - 14x + x2
A) (x - 9)(x + 5) B) (x + 9)(x - 5) C) (x + 9)(x + 5) D) (x - 9)(x - 5)
Answer: D

92) 12x2 + 4x - 16
A) (4x + 4)(3x - 4) B) (4x - 4)(3x + 4) C) (x - 4)(12x + 4) D) (3x - 4)(4x + 4)
Answer: B

93) 21x2 - 91x - 70

A) (21x + 14)(x - 5) B) prime C) 7(3x - 2)(x + 5) D) 7(3x + 2)(x - 5)
Answer: D

94) 8x2 - 28x - 16

A) prime B) 4(2x + 1)(x - 4) C) (8x - 4)(x + 4) D) 4(2x - 1)(x + 4)
Answer: B

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 95) -24x2 - 20x + 24
A) (-12x + 8)(2x + 3) B) prime C) -4(3x - 2)(2x + 3) D) -4(3x + 2)(2x - 3)
Answer: C

96) 108x2 + 63xy + 9y2

A) 9(3x + y)(4x + y) B) (27x + 9y)(4x + y) C) prime D) 9(3x - y)(4x - y)
Answer: A

97) 14y2 + 63y - 35

A) (14y - 7)(y + 5) B) 7(2y - 1)(y + 5) C) 7(2y + 1)(y - 5) D) prime
Answer: B

98) 12x2 y2 + 11xy2 - 15y2

A) y2(3x + 5)(4x - 3) B) y2 (x + 5)(12x - 3) C) (4x + 5y)(3x - 3y) D) (3x + 5y)(4x - 3y)
Answer: A

99) x7 - 9x6 + 8x5

A) x5(x + 1)(x - 8) B) x5 (x - 1)(x + 8) C) x5 (x - 1)(x - 8) D) x5 (x2 - 9x + 8)
Answer: C

Solve the problem.

100) What pair of integers would be used to rewrite the middle term when factoring 96x2 - 116x + 35 by grouping?
A) 96, -35 B) -96, 35 C) 60, 56 D) -60, -56
Answer: D

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

101) On a quiz, a student factored 2y3 + 14y2 + 24y by first factoring out 2y to get 2y(y2 + 7y + 12). He then wrote the
answer (y + 3)(y + 4) as the factored answer. Why is this answer wrong?
Answer: The student forgot the common factor 2y. The correct answer is 2y(y + 3)(y + 4).

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Decide whether or not the correct factored form of the polynomial is given.
102) 9x2 + 18x + 8 (3x + 2)(3x + 4)
A) No B) Yes
Answer: B

103) 15y2 + 16y + 4 (3y - 2)(5y - 2)

A) Yes B) No
Answer: B

104) 10z 2 + 9z - 9 (10z + 3)(z - 3)

A) Yes B) No
Answer: B

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 105) 8z2 - 6z - 9 (2z - 3)(4z + 3)
A) No B) Yes
Answer: B

106) 6x2 - 5xt - 6t2 (2x + 3t)(3x + 2t)

A) No B) Yes
Answer: A

107) 4x2 - 4xt - 3t2 (2x + t)(2x - 3t)

A) No B) Yes
Answer: B

Complete the factoring.

108) 2x2 + 7x + 6 = (2x + 3)( )
A) 2x + 2 B) 2x + 3 C) x + 2 D) x - 2
Answer: C

109) 2x2 + 13x + 15 = (x + 5)( )

A) 2x - 10 B) 2x + 3 C) x + 3 D) x - 10
Answer: B

110) 6x2 - 37x - 35 = (x - 7)( )

A) x - 5 B) 6x + 5 C) x + 6 D) 5x + 6
Answer: B

111) 5x2 - 21x - 20 = (5x + 4)( )

A) x + 5 B) 5x + 16 C) 5x - 5 D) x - 5
Answer: D

112) 8x2 - 31x + 21 = (8x - 7)( )

A) x + 3 B) 8x + 14 C) x - 3 D) 7 - 8x
Answer: C

113) 12x2 + 28x - 49 = (6x - 7)( )

A) 7x + 2 B) 7x - 2 C) 2x + 7 D) 2x - 7
Answer: C

114) 42x2 - 11xy - 20y2 = (7x + 4y)( )

A) x - 20xy B) 6x - 5y C) 6x + 5y D) 5x - 6y
Answer: B

115) 45x2 - 13xy - 24y2 = (9x - 8y)( )

A) 5x + 3y B) 5 + 3xy C) 3x - 5y D) 3y - 5x
Answer: A

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 116) 25x3 - 10x2 - 80x = 5x(5x + 8)( )
A) x - 10 B) x - 2 C) x + 2 D) x + 10
Answer: B

Factor as completely as possible. If unfactorable, indicate that the polynomial is prime.

117) 15x2 + 19x + 6
A) prime B) (3x - 2)(5x - 3) C) (3x + 2)(5x + 3) D) (15x + 2)(x + 3)
Answer: C

118) 15y2 + 19y + 6

A) (15y + 2)(y + 3) B) (3y + 2)(5y + 3) C) prime D) (3y - 2)(5y - 3)
Answer: B

119) 10z 2 + 7z - 12
A) prime B) (10z + 3)(z - 4) C) (2z - 3)(5z + 4) D) (2z + 3)(5z - 4)
Answer: D

120) 9z2 - 6z - 8
A) (3z + 4)(3z - 2) B) (9z - 4)(z + 2) C) prime D) (3z - 4)(3z + 2)
Answer: D

121) 6x2 + 17xt + 12t2

A) (6x + 3t)(x + 4t) B) (2x - 3t)(3x - 4t) C) prime D) (2x + 3t)(3x + 4t)
Answer: D

122) 4x2 + 8xt + 3t2

A) (2x - t)(2x - 3t) B) (4x + t)(x + 3t) C) prime D) (2x + t)(2x + 3t)
Answer: D

123) 45 - 14x + x2
A) (x + 9)(x - 5) B) (x + 9)(x + 5) C) (x - 9)(x - 5) D) (x - 9)(x + 5)
Answer: C

124) 12x2 - 52x - 40

A) prime B) (12x + 8)(x - 5) C) 4(3x - 2)(x + 5) D) 4(3x + 2)(x - 5)
Answer: D

125) 10x2 - 35x - 20

A) 5(2x + 1)(x - 4) B) prime C) 5(2x - 1)(x + 4) D) (10x - 5)(x + 4)
Answer: A

126) -24x2 - 20x + 24

A) -4(3x - 2)(2x + 3) B) prime C) -4(3x + 2)(2x - 3) D) (-12x + 8)(2x + 3)
Answer: A

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 127) 24x2 + 14xy + 2y2
A) prime B) 2(3x - y)(4x - y) C) (6x + 2y)(4x + y) D) 2(3x + y)(4x + y)
Answer: D

128) 8y2 + 36y - 20

A) (8y - 4)(y + 5) B) 4(2y - 1)(y + 5) C) 4(2y + 1)(y - 5) D) prime
Answer: B

129) 8x2 y2 - 26xy2 + 15y2

A) (4x - 5y)(2x - 3y) B) y2 (2x - 5)(4x - 3) C) (2x - 5y)(4x - 3y) D) y2 (x - 5)(8x - 3)
Answer: B

130) x5 - 11x4 + 28x3

A) x3(x + 7)(x - 4) B) x3 (x - 7)(x + 4) C) x-7 (x2 - 11x + 28) D) x3 (x - 7)(x - 4)
Answer: D

131) 8x3 y2 + 30x2 y3 + 25xy4

A) x(2xy2 + 5y3 )(4x + 5y) B) xy2 (2x + 5y)(4x + 5y)
C) y2(2x + 5y)(4x2 + 5xy) D) prime
Answer: B

132) -x2 - 6x - 9
A) -(x + 3)(x + 3) B) Prime C) (x + 3)(x + 3) D) -(3x - 3)(x - 3)
Answer: A

133) -3x2 - 7x + 20
A) Prime B) (-3x - 5)(x + 4) C) -(3x + 5)(x - 4) D) -(3x - 5)(x + 4)
Answer: D

134) -7a 2 - 15ab - 2b2

A) -(a - 2b)(7a + b) B) (a - 2b)(7a + b) C) -(a + b)(7a + 2b) D) -(a + 2b)(7a + b)
Answer: D

135) -7x2 + 36xy - 5y2

A) -(x - y)(7x - 5y) B) (7x - y)(x - 5y) C) -(7x + y)(x + 5y) D) -(7x - y)(x - 5y)
Answer: D

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

Provide an appropriate response.

136) For the polynomial 6x2 + 7x + 6, 2 is not a common factor. Explain why the binomial 2x - 3, then, cannot be a
factor of the polynomial.
Answer: 7 is not divisible by 2.

13
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

137) 100x2 - 16 cannot be factored because there is no x term. Is this statement true?
A) Yes, it is true. B) No, it is not true.
Answer: B

138) 4x2 - 25 has a common factor of 100. Is this statement true?

A) Yes, it is true. B) No, it is not true.
Answer: B

139) Say the answer in the back of the book is -(x + 7)(x - 4). Is (x + 7)(4 - x) also correct?
A) No. B) Yes.
Answer: B

140) Say the answer in the back of the book is (x - 10)(x + 4). Is (x + 10)(x - 4) also correct?
A) No. B) Yes.
Answer: A

141) Say the answer in the back of the book is (x + 10)(x + 3). Is -(x + 10)(-x - 3) also correct?
A) No. B) Yes.
Answer: B

142) Is it true that the expression 8x3 - 125 has no common factor other than 1?
A) Yes, this is true. B) No, this is not true.
Answer: A

143) Is it true that the expression 7x3 - 80 has no common factor other than 1?
A) No, this is not true. B) Yes, this is true.
Answer: B

Factor completely.
144) 9x2 - 16
A) (3x - 4)2 B) (3x + 4)2 C) (3x + 4)(3x - 4) D) Prime
Answer: C

145) 25k2 - 169m 2

A) (5k + 13m)2 B) Prime
C) (5k + 13m)(5k - 13m) D) (5k - 13m)2
Answer: C

146) 49y4 - 9
2 2
A) (7y2 + 3) B) Prime C) (7y2 - 3) D) (7y2 + 3)(7y2 - 3)
Answer: D

147) 25s2 - 9t4

2 2
A) Prime B) (5s + 3t2 ) C) (5s + 3t2)(5s - 3t2 ) D) (5s - 3t2 )
Answer: C

14
 148) 72a 4 - 50b2
2 2
A) 2(6a 2 - 5b) B) 2(6a 2 + 5b)
C) 2(6a 2 + 5b)(6a2 - 5b) D) Prime
Answer: C

149) 75a 4 b - 27b3

A) 3b(5a 2 + 3b)(5a2 - 3b) B) 3b(5a - 3b) 2
C) Prime D) 3b(5a + 3b) 2
Answer: A

150) 196x2 - 256

A) (28x + 32)(7x - 8) B) 4(7x + 8)(7x - 8) C) (7x + 8)(28x - 32) D) 4(7x - 8)2
Answer: B

9
151) 25m 2 -
25
3 2 3 2 3 3
A) 5m - B) 5m + C) 5m + 5m - D) Prime
5 5 5 5
Answer: C

152) 81x2 + 25
A) (9x + 5)2 B) (9x - 5)2 C) Prime D) (9x + 5)(9x - 5)
Answer: C

153) x4 - 81
A) Prime B) (x2 + 9)(x + 3)(x - 3)
C) (x + 3)2(x - 3)2 D) (x2 - 9)(x + 3)(x - 3)
Answer: B

Factor.
154) x2 + 30x + 225
A) (x + 15)2 B) (x - 15)2 C) Prime D) (x + 15)(x - 15)
Answer: A

155) x2 - 8xy + 16y2

A) (x + 4y) 2 B) (x - 4y) 2 C) (x - 4y)(x + 4y) D) Prime
Answer: B

156) x2 - 8x + 64
A) (x + 8)(x - 8) B) Prime C) (x + 8)2 D) (x - 8)2
Answer: B

15
 157) 16x2 - 8x + 1
A) Prime B) (4x - 1)2 C) (4x - 1)(4x + 1) D) (4x + 1)2
Answer: B

158) 25x2 + 60xy + 36y2

A) (5x + 6y)(5x - 6y) B) (5x - 6y) 2 C) (5x + 6y) 2 D) Prime
Answer: C

159) 27x2 - 90x + 75

A) 3(3x + 5)(3x - 5) B) (9x - 15)(3x - 5) C) 3(3x - 5)2 D) 3(9x2 - 30x + 25)
Answer: C

160) x2 + 1.4x + 0.49

A) (x - 0.7)2 B) (x + 0.7)(x - 0.7) C) Prime D) (x + 0.7)2
Answer: D

1 1
161) t2 + t +
4 64
1 2 1 2 1 1
A) Prime B) t + C) t - D) t + t-
8 8 8 8
Answer: B

162) -50x2 + 80xy - 32y2

A) -2(5x + 4y)(5x - 4y) B) -2(5x + 4y) 2
C) 2(5x + 4y) 2 D) -2(5x - 4y) 2
Answer: D

163) 5x2 - 40x + 80

A) (5x - 40)2 B) 5(x - 4)2 C) Prime D) 5(x + 4)2
Answer: B

Answer the question.

164) The monomial 36x2y12 is a perfect square.
True or False?
A) False. B) True.
Answer: B

165) The monomial 81x18y16 is a perfect square.

True or False?
A) True. B) False.
Answer: A

166) What values of n will make xn a perfect square?

A) n must be a power of 3. B) n must be even.
C) n must be a multiple of 5. D) n must be odd.
Answer: B

16
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

167) Why is the answer (x2 - 81)(x2 + 81) not the correct answer to the instruction "Factor (x4 - 6561) completely"?
Answer: The term x2 - 81 can still be factored as (x - 9)(x + 9).

168) The binomial 9x2 + 36 is the sum of two squares that can be factored. Why is this possible?
Answer: 9 is a factor of 36. The factor 9 can thus be taken out.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Solve the equation.

169) (x - 4)(x + 5) = 0
A) {4, -5} B) {4, -4, 5, -5} C) {4, 5} D) {-4, 5}
Answer: A

170) (x - 0.3)(x + 0.4) = 0

A) {-0.3, 0.4} B) {0.3, -0.4} C) {0.3, -0.3, 0.4, -0.4} D) {0.3, 0.4}
Answer: B

1 2
171) x + x- =0
9 5
1 2 1 2 5
A) - , B) {8, 3} C) ,- D) 9,
9 5 9 5 2
Answer: A

172) (5y + 23)(6y + 25) = 0

5 6 23 25 23 25
A) {18, 19} B) - ,- C) , D) - ,-
18 25 5 6 5 6
Answer: D

173) x(5x + 10) = 0

1 1
A) {0, 2} B) 0, - C) 0, D) {0, -2}
2 2
Answer: D

174) b(b + 11) = 0

A) {-11, 0} B) {11, 0} C) {-1, -11} D) {1, -11}
Answer: A

7 1
175) zz- =0
8 6
1 7 1 7 1 1
A) - ,0 B) - , C) , D) ,0
6 8 6 8 6 6
Answer: D

17
 1 1
176) 5x - x+
4 5
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
A) - ,- B) - , C) , D) ,-
20 5 20 5 20 5 20 5
Answer: D

177) 25k2 - 81 = 0
5 9 9 9 5
A) ,- B) ,- C) {9, 0} D) ,0
9 5 5 5 9
Answer: B

178) 20d2 + 41d + 20 = 0

5 4 5 5 4 5 4 5
A) , B) - ,- C) , D) - ,-
4 5 4 4 5 4 5 4
Answer: D

179) 20b2 + 49b + 22 = -8

5 5 5 4 6 5 6 5
A) - , - B) , C) , D) - ,-
6 4 6 5 5 4 5 4
Answer: D

180) x2 - x = 30
A) {5, 6} B) {-5, -6} C) {1, 30} D) {-5, 6}
Answer: D

181) x2 + 4x - 60 = 0
A) {-10, 1} B) {-10, 6} C) {10, -6} D) {10, 6}
Answer: B

182) 3x2 - 21x + 30 = 0

A) {2, 5} B) {0, 2, 5} C) {3, 2, 5} D) {-2, -5}
Answer: A

183) 9y2 + 27y + 20 = 0

5 4 5 4 5 4 5 1
A) ,- B) - ,- C) , D) - ,-
3 3 3 3 3 3 9 5
Answer: B

184) 26n 2 + 8n = 0
4 4 4
A) - ,8 B) {0} C) - D) - ,0
13 13 13
Answer: D

185) x(x - 4) = 32
A) {4, 8} B) {-4, -8} C) {4, -8} D) {-4, 8}
Answer: D

18
186) 15d2 + 24d + 9 = 0
3 5 5 3
A) ,1 B) - ,- 1 C) ,1 D) - ,-1
5 3 3 5
Answer: D

187) 9b2 + 30b + 21 = -4

3 5 5 5 3 3 5 5
A) - , - B) , C) , D) - ,-
5 3 3 3 5 5 3 3
Answer: D

188) 4k2 - 35k - 9 = 0

1 1 1 1
A) ,- B) - ,9 C) - ,4 D) {-4, 9}
35 4 4 4
Answer: B

189) 10m 2 - 3m = 0
3 3 3 3
A) ,0 B) - ,0 C) {0} D) ,-
10 10 10 10
Answer: A

190) 18n 2 + 78n = 0

13 13 13 13
A) ,- B) {0} C) - ,0 D) ,0
3 3 3 3
Answer: C

191) 5x(x + 7) = (4x - 2)(x + 7)

A) {-7, -2} B) {2} C) {-2} D) {7, 2}
Answer: A

192) 6r2 = 2r
1 1
A) B) 0, C) {0, 3} D) {0}
3 3
Answer: B

193) 30c3 + 48c2 + 18c = 0

6 1 3
A) 1, - 1 B) - ,- C) - 1, - ,0 D) {0}
5 2 5
Answer: C

194) 20s3 - 36s2 + 30s = 14s

4 4 4 4
A) ,- B) 1, C) {0} D) , 1, 0
5 5 5 5
Answer: D

19
 195) 20p4 + 12p2 = -31p3
3 3 4 31 31
A) - , - 1 B) - ,- ,0 C) - , D) {0}
5 4 5 4 4
Answer: B

196) 36t3 - 9t = 0
1 1 1 1 1
A) ,- B) {0} C) D) - , ,0
2 2 2 2 2
Answer: D

197) (x - 8)(20x2 + 36x + 9) = 0

3 3 3 3 3
A) 8, , B) - 5, - C) 8, - ,- D) {8}
2 10 10 2 10
Answer: C

198) (x - 2)(x2 + 2x - 63) = 0

A) {-2} B) {2} C) {2, 7, -9} D) {-2, -7, 9}
Answer: C

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

Provide an appropriate response.

199) A student was trying to solve the problem 4x(3x - 6) = 0. The student knew that he or she should set 3x - 6 = 0
but was confused about whether or not he or she should set 4x = 0, or 4 = 0 and x = 0. How would you advise
this student?
0
Answer: Setting 4x = 0 is not a problem because x = = 0.
4

200) How could you solve the equation

(7x + 8)(8x - 2)(5x - 9) = 0? How many equations do you need to solve? What are their solutions?

Answer: Set each factor equal to 0 in turn, and solve. There would thus be three equations to solve. - 8 , 1 , 9
7 4 5

201) Why is 9 called a triple solution to the equation (x - 9)3 = 0?

Answer: (x - 9)3 = (x - 9)(x - 9)(x - 9), 9 is a solution to each of the 3 products.

202) A student is solving the equation s2 = 2 2 and has determined that s = 2. He or she has looked up the answer in
the back of the book and finds that s = -2 is also a solution. The student feels that this is a misprint. How would
you advise him or her?
Answer: 2 2 = (-2)2 = s2 are both solutions.

203) A student is solving the equation x2 = 6x This student has decided to divide both sides of the equation by x and
finds the solution x = 6. The student checks the answer in the back of the book and finds that x = 0 is also a
solution. The student feels that this is a misprint. How would you advise him or her?
Answer: Order of operations x2 - 6x = x(x - 6) ⇒ x = 0, x = 6 are solutions.

20
 204) A student is trying to solve the equation (x + 8)(x - 4) = 6. The student has set x + 8 = 6 and x - 4 = 6 and found
that two solutions x = -2, x = 10. The student checks his or her results by plugging in his or her solutions into the
original equation and finds that they do not work. How would you advise him or her?
Answer: The equation needs to be set to zero in order to use the zero-factor theorem.

205) A student is told that there are two solutions to the problem 9x2 = 9x. The student can only find one; that is,
x = 1. How could you advise this student?
Answer: Zero is another factor.

206) A student is told that there are two solutions to the problem 5x2 = 9x. The student can only find one, namely,
9
x = . How can you advise him or her?
5
Answer: Zero is another solution.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

207) Find a quadratic equation having the given solutions.

2
x = - or x = - 2
3
A) 3x2 + 8x + 4 = 0 B) 6x2 + 10x + 4 = 0 C) 6x2 - 10x - 4 = 0 D) 3x2 - 8x + 4 = 0
Answer: A

Solve the problem.

208) A rectangle has a length of x + 2 and a width of x - 2, and has an area of 60 square units. Find the length and
width of the rectangle. (A = LW)
A) width = 6 units; length = 10 units B) width = 3 units; length = 20 units
C) width = 5 units; length = 12 units D) width = 4 units; length = 15 units
Answer: A

209) A rectangle has a length of x + 3 and a width of x - 3, and has an area of 40 square units. Find the length and
width of the rectangle. (A = LW)
A) width = 1 unit; length = 40 units B) width = 5 units; length = 8 units
C) width = 2 units; length = 20 units D) width = 4 units; length = 10 units
Answer: D

210) A rectangle has a length of x + 5 and a width of x - 5 and has an area of 56 square units. Find the length and
width of the rectangle. (A = LW)
A) width = 4 units; length = 14 units B) width = 7 units; length = 8 units
C) width = 1 unit; length = 56 units D) width = 2 units; length = 28 units
Answer: A

211) A parallelogram has a base of length 2x + 1 and a height of x + 3 and has an area of 42 square units. Find the
base and height of the parallelogram. (A = BH)
A) height = 14 units; base = 3 units B) height = 6 units; base = 7 units
C) height = 3 units; base = 14 units D) height = 7 units; base = 6 units
Answer: B

21
212) A parallelogram has a base of length x + 7 and a height of x + 2 and has an area of 50 square units. Find the
base and height of the parallelogram. (A = BH)
A) height = 2 units; base = 25 units B) height = 6.25 units; base = 8 units
C) height = 1 unit; base = 50 units D) height = 5 units; base = 10 units
Answer: D

213) A parallelogram has a base of length 3x + 1 and a height of x + 1 and has an area of 96 square units. Find the
base and height of the parallelogram. (A = BH)
A) height = 8 units; base = 12 units B) height = 6 units; base = 16 units
C) height = 4 units; base = 24 units D) height = 2 units; base = 48 units
Answer: B

214) A triangle has a base of length x + 2 and a height of x + 8 and has an area of 36 square units. Find the length of
1
base and height. (A = BH)
2
A) base = 6 units; height = 12 units B) base = 6 units; height = 6 units
C) base = 4 units; height = 9 units D) base = 8 units; height = 9 units
Answer: A

215) A triangle has a base of length 3x + 1 and a height of x + 6 and has an area of 45 square units. Find the length of
1
base and height. (A = BH)
2
A) base = 3 units; height = 30 units B) base = 3 units; height = 15 units
C) base = 9 units; height = 5 units D) base = 10 units; height = 9 units
Answer: D

216) A triangle has a base of length 2x + 3 and a height of x + 3 and has an area of 27 square units. Find the length of
1
base and height. (A = BH)
2
A) base = 9 units; height = 3 units B) base = 9 units; height = 6 units
C) base = 18 units; height = 3 units D) base = 3 units; height = 9 unit
Answer: B

217) The length of a rectangle is 6 inches more than its width. If 3 inches are taken from the length and added to the
width, the figure becomes a square with an area of 289 square inches. What are the dimensions of the original
figure?
A) 14 in. by 20 in. B) 14 in. by 17 in. C) 11 in. by 17 in. D) 17 in. by 17 in.
Answer: A

218) The length of a rectangular frame is 4 cm more than the width. The area inside the frame is 96 square cm. Find
the width of the frame.
A) 12 cm B) 16 cm C) 9 cm D) 8 cm
Answer: D

219) The area of a square is numerically 140 more than the perimeter. Find the length of the side.
A) 56 units B) 392 units C) 14 units D) 98 units
Answer: C

22
220) The area of a square is numerically 3 less than the perimeter. Find the length of the side, if the side is greater
than 1.
A) 3 units B) 5 units C) 12 units D) 6 units
Answer: A

221) The height of a box is 8 inches. The length is three inches more than the width. Find the width if the volume is
224 cubic inches.
A) 8 in. B) 7 in. C) 4 in. D) 28 in.
Answer: C

222) The height of a box is 8 inches. Its length is 5 inches more than its width. Find the length if the volume is 288
cubic inches.
A) 36 in. B) 9 in. C) 8 in. D) 4 in.
Answer: B

223) A rectangular garden has dimensions of 17 feet by 12 feet. A gravel path of equal width is to be built around the
garden. How wide can the path be if there is enough gravel for 210 square feet?
A) 3 ft B) 5.5 ft C) 5 ft D) 4 ft
Answer: A

224) Doris has a rectangular fish pond 7 by 11 feet. She wants to put grass in a strip of uniform width around the
pond. She has enough grass seed for 144 square feet. How wide will the strip be?
A) 3 ft B) 4 ft C) 5.5 ft D) 5 ft
Answer: A

225) Suppose a pyramid has a rectangular base whose width is 7 centimeters less than its length. If the height is 8
1
centimeters and the volume is 80 cubic centimeters, find the length of the base. (V = Bh)
3
A) 7 cm B) 30 cm C) 3 cm D) 10 cm
Answer: D

226) A square piece of cardboard is to be formed into an open-topped box by cutting 3 inch squares from the corners
and folding up the sides. The volume of the resulting box is given by the formula V = 3(x - 6)2 , where x is the
original length of each side of the piece of cardboard. What is the volume of the box if the original length of
each side of the piece of cardboard is 8 inches?
A) 6 cubic inches B) 192 cubic inches C) 12 cubic inches D) 4 cubic inches
Answer: C

227) The product of two consecutive integers is 19 more than their sum. Find the integers.
A) 4, 5 or -4, -3 B) 5, 6 C) -4, -3 D) 5, 6 or -4, -3
Answer: D

228) Find three consecutive integers such that the sum of the squares of the smaller two is equal to the square of the
largest.
A) -3, -4, -5 B) -1, 0, 1 C) -1, 0, 1 or 3, 4, 5 D) 3, 4, 5
Answer: C

23
229) Find three consecutive odd integers such that the sum of all three is 36 less than the product of the smaller two.
A) -6, -4, -2 B) 7, 9, 11, or -6, -4, -2
C) 5, 7, 9 D) 7, 9, 11
Answer: D

230) Find three consecutive integers such that the square of the sum of the smaller two is 105 more than the square of
the largest.
A) 6, 7, 8, or -6, -5, -4 B) 4, 6, 8 C) -6, -5, -4 D) 6, 7, 8
Answer: A

231) The product of two consecutive integers is 6 less than 6 times their sum. Find the integers.
A) 0, 1 or 12, 13 B) 11, 12 C) 0, 1 D) 0, 1 or 11, 12
Answer: D

232) Two cars leave an intersection. One car travels north; the other east. When the car traveling north had gone 6
miles, the distance between the cars was 2 miles more than the distance traveled by the car heading east. How
far had the eastbound car traveled?
A) 6 miles B) 10 miles C) 8 miles D) 12 miles
Answer: C

233) A ladder is resting against a wall. The top of the ladder touches the wall at a height of 6 feet. Find the length of
the ladder if the length is 2 feet more than its distance from the wall.
A) 12 feet B) 6 feet C) 10 feet D) 8 feet
Answer: C

234) A lot is in the shape of a right triangle. The shorter leg measures 60 meters. The hypotenuse is 20 meters longer
than the length of the longer leg. How long is the longer leg?
A) 80 meters B) 120 meters C) 100 meters D) 60 meters
Answer: A

235) A long-distance runner runs 3 miles south and then 9 miles east. How far is the runner from the starting point?
Round approximations to the nearest tenth.

South
↓

3 mi
East --9 mi-->
A) 6 mi B) 45 mi C) 4.8 mi D) 9.5 mi
Answer: D

236) The diagram below shows the side view of a plan for a slanted roof. Find the unknown length in this roof plan.
Round approximations to the nearest tenth.

2 ft

16 ft
A) 8.1 ft B) 16.1 ft C) 9 ft D) 130 ft
Answer: B

24
 237) A boat travels 4 miles south and then 7 miles east. How far is the boat from its starting point? Round
approximations to the nearest tenth.

South
↓
4 mi
East --7 mi-->
A) 5.5 mi B) 32.5 mi C) 8.1 mi D) 4.05 mi
Answer: C

238) The diagram below shows a rope connecting the top of a pole to the ground. The rope is 22 yd long and touches
the ground 19 yd from the pole. How tall is the pole? Round approximations to the nearest tenth.

? 22 yd

19 yd
A) 61.5 yd B) 5.6 yd C) 11.1 yd D) 20.5 yd
Answer: C

239) A painter leans a ladder against one wall of a house. The ladder is 23 ft long. The base of the ladder is 20 ft from
the house. How high is the wall? Round approximations to the nearest tenth.

? 23 ft

20 ft
A) 11.4 ft B) 5.7 ft C) 64.5 ft D) 21.5 ft
Answer: A

240) Below is a diagram of a water slide. The slide is 21 ft long. The ladder leading to the slide is 17 ft long. How far
is it from the end of the slide to the foot of the ladder? Round approximations to the nearest tenth.

17 ft 21 ft

?
A) 6.2 ft B) 12.3 ft C) 76 ft D) 19 ft
Answer: B

Solve the problem. Round to the nearest tenth, if necessary.

241) If an object is propelled upward from ground level with an initial velocity of 84.8 feet per second, its height h in
feet t seconds later is given by the equation h = -16t2 + 84.8t. After how many seconds does the object hit the
ground?
A) 5.3 B) 10.6 C) .2 D) 2.7
Answer: A

25
 242) If an object is propelled upward from a height of 96 feet at an initial velocity of 80 feet per second, then its
height h after t seconds is given by the equation h = -16t2 + 80t + 96. After how many seconds does the object hit
the ground?
A) 11 B) 3.0 C) 6 D) 5.0
Answer: C

243) If an object is propelled upward from a height of 96 feet at an initial velocity of 64 feet per second, then its
height after t seconds is given by the equation h = -16t2 + 64t + 96, where h is in feet. After how many seconds
will the object reach a height of 160 feet?
A) 2 sec B) 8 sec C) 1 sec D) 4 sec
Answer: A

244) If an object is thrown upward with an initial velocity of 96 ft/sec, its height after t sec is given by h = 96t - 16t2 .
Find the maximum height attained by the object. (The object will attain maximum height exactly at the halfway
point in terms of the time t, where t = 0 is at the beginning of the object's flight, and the final time is when the
object hits the ground.)
A) 144 ft B) 80 ft C) 128 ft D) 96 ft
Answer: A

Solve the problem.

245) The table shows the population of a city over the past five years.

Year Population (in millions of people)

1995 65
1996 65.5
1997 67
1998 69
1999 71.5

We used this data to develop the quadratic equation y = 0.373x2 + 0.165x + 65, which models the population of
the city y in millions in the year x, where x = 0 represents 1995, x = 1 represents 1996, and so on. Use the model
to find the estimated population in the year 1997.
A) 65,538,000 B) 1,490,000 C) 1,490,000,000,000 D) 66,822,000
Answer: D

246) The table shows the population of a city over the past five years.

Year Population (in millions of people)

1995 65
1996 65.5
1997 67
1998 69
1999 71.5

We used these data to develop the quadratic equation y = 0.373x2 + 0.165x + 65, which models the population of
the city y in millions in the year x, where x = 0 represents 1995, x = 1 represents 1996, and so on. Use the model
to find the estimated population in the year 1998.
A) 68,852,000 B) 1,490,000,000,000 C) 71,628,000 D) 1,490,000
Answer: A

26
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.

Provide an appropriate response.

247) Brenda's teacher asks her to solve the following problem: "The product of two consecutive numbers is 210. Find
the numbers." Brenda knows that she must translate this problem into an equation. What equation could Brenda
write to represent this problem?
Answer: x(x+1) = 210

248) Tom's teacher asks him to solve the following problem: "The product of two consecutive even numbers is 168.
Find the numbers." Tom rewords the problem and translates to the following equation:

x(x + 1) = 168

Why is this equation not correct and what would the correct equation be?
Answer: Consecutive even numbers differ by 2. If the smallest number is named x, then the other number is x + 2
not x + 1 and the equation is x(x + 2) = 168.

249) Suppose you have to solve the following problem: "The length of a rectangle is 5 ft more than its width and its
area is 84 square feet. Find its width and length." Let x represent the width of the rectangle and translate the
problem into an equation. Do not solve the equation.
Answer: x(x + 5) = 84

250) Mark's teacher asked him to solve the following problem: "One leg of a right triangle is 7 m longer than the
other. The length of the hypotenuse is 13 m. Find the lengths of the legs." Mark translated the problem into the
following equation: (x2 + 7) + x2 = 132 . Why is this equation not correct and what would the correct equation
be?
Answer: If the length of the shorter leg is x then the length of the other leg is x + 7. Substituting into the
Pythagorean theorem a 2 + b2 = c2 gives (x + 7)2 + x2 = 132 .

251) Tina was asked to solve the following problem: "The product of two consecutive numbers is 90. Find the
numbers." Tina's solution is given below. Do you agree with her conclusion? If not, why not?

x(x + 1) = 90
x2 + x = 90
x2 + x - 90 = 0
(x + 10)(x - 9) = 0
x = -10 or x = 9

The pair of numbers is 9 and 10

Answer: There is nothing in the problem to suggest that the two numbers must be positive thus there is no reason
to discard the negative solution. There are two solutions: the pair of numbers is 9 and 10 or -10 and -9.

252) Write a problem in which the quadratic equation x(x + 3) = 108 must be solved in order to solve the problem.
Answer: Answers will vary. Possible answer is: "The length of a rectangle is 3 cm more than its width and its area
is 108 square cm. Find the length and width of the rectangle".

27
253) Jason is given the following information: "The shortest side of a triangle is 4 cm less than the middle side. The
length of the longest side is 13 cm." Jason claims that he can find the lengths of the two shorter sides by solving
the following equation:

x2 + (x + 4)2 = 132

What is wrong with his reasoning?

Answer: Jason obtained this equation by using the Pythagorean Theorem. However, we are not told that the
triangle is a right triangle so it is not appropriate to use the Pythagorean Theorem.

254) Maria's teacher asked her to solve the following problem: "One leg of a right triangle is 5 m longer than the
other. The length of the hypotenuse is 25 m. Find the lengths of the legs." Maria called the legs x and y and
translated the problem into the following equation: x2 + y2 = 252 . After that she was unsure of how to proceed.
Why is Maria's equation not very useful? Write the correct equation and find the solution to the problem
showing all the steps of your work.
Answer: Maria's equation contains two different variables and thus it cannot be solved. By using the information
about how the two leg lengths are related, it is possible to obtain an equation containing only one
variable.

x2 + (x + 5)2 = 252
x2 + x2 + 10x + 25 = 625
2x2 + 10x + 25 = 625
2x2 + 10x - 600 = 0
2(x2 + 5x - 300) = 0
2(x + 20)(x - 15) = 0
x = -20 or x = 15

A side length cannot be negative, so x = 15 and the leg lengths are 15 m and 20 m.

255) The height of an object after t seconds is given by the equation h = -16t2 + 5t + 3. When h = 0, solving for t
means finding the time when the object hits the ground. A student uses the quadratic formula and finds 2
solutions. One is negative and the other positive. Which solution makes sense? Which does not? Why?
Answer: The positive solution makes sense and the negative solution does not. The model represents time after the
object is launched, and negative time does not make sense in this context.

1 2
256) If an object is dropped, the distance it falls after t seconds is given by d = gt . A student is determining how
2
long it would take an object to fall 75 feet on planet x having gravity 19 ft/sec2. The student determines the two
150
solutions t = ± . Are both correct answers? Why or why not?
19
150
Answer: t = - gives negative time which is not correct.
19

28
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