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Multiple Choice
1. Which era used Law rather than Politics as the foundation for modern policing?
a. Community Service Era
b. Politial Era
c. Reform Era
d. Information Era
Ans: C
Answer Location: Reform Era
Learning Objective: 1, Discuss the three eras of policing
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Medium
Question Type: MC
2. The test of police __________ is the absence of crime and disorder, not the visible evidence of
police action in dealing with it.
a. quality
b. brutality
c. service
d. efficiency
Ans: D
Answer Location: A Brief History on Policing
Learning Objective: Comprehension
Instructor Resource
Mallicoat, Crime and Criminal Justice, 1st ed.
SAGE Publishing, 2017
4. In terms of geographic jurisdiction, there are three levels of policing: federal, state, and
_________.
a. local
b. county
c. parish
d. college campus
Ans: A
Answer Location: Types of Police Organizations
Learning Objective: 2, Identify the different types of police organizations
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Instructor Resource
Mallicoat, Crime and Criminal Justice, 1st ed.
SAGE Publishing, 2017
5. Which primary function of Federal Law Enforcement represents the greatest amount of duties
performed?
a. Police response and patrol
b. Security and protection
c. Criminal Investigation
d. Corrections and detention
Ans: C
Answer Location: Federal Law Enforcement
Learning Objective: 2, Identify the different types of police organizations
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Medium
Question Type: MC
7. Which agency handles investigations related to crimes such as illegal immigration, human
trafficking, child exploitation, fraud, and financial crimes?
a. U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement
b. Homeland Security
c. Federal Bureau of Investigations
d. U.S. Secret Service
Ans: A
Answer Location: Department of Homeland Security
Learning Objective: 2, Identify the different types of police organizations
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Difficulty Level: Hard
Question Type: MC
8. Which is the smallest law enforcement agency under the Department of Homeland Security?
a. U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement
b. U.S. Customs and Border Protection
c. Federal Emergency Management Agency
d. U.S. Secret Service
Ans: C
Answer Location: Department of Homeland Security
Learning Objective: 2, Identify the different types of police organizations
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Easy
Instructor Resource
Mallicoat, Crime and Criminal Justice, 1st ed.
SAGE Publishing, 2017
Question Type: MC
9. Cross-deputization allows for local officers to assist tribal police with enforcing federal and
_______ laws within Native American reservations and communities.
a. Shariah
b. council
c. local
d. tribal
Ans: D
Answer Location: Cross-Deputizing of Officers
Learning Objective: 2, Identify the different types of police organizations
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Easy
Question Type: MC
12. The typical role of women hired by police agencies in the twentieth century included:
a. correctional.
b. investigative.
c. clerical.
d. social work.
Ans: D
Answer Location: Women in Policing
Learning Objective: 3, Discuss the history of women in policing
Cognitive Domain: Application
Difficulty Level: Hard
Question Type: MC
Instructor Resource
Mallicoat, Crime and Criminal Justice, 1st ed.
SAGE Publishing, 2017
13. Research indicates that policewomen have been particularly successful within models of
community policing due to:
a. enhanced problem-solving skills through correlation.
b. enhanced interrogations skills through communication.
c. enhanced problem-solving skills through communication.
d. enhanced investigative skills through correlation.
Ans: C
Answer Location: Women in Policing
Learning Objective: 3, Discuss the history of women in policing
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Difficulty Level: Hard
Question Type: MC
14. Which racial and ethnic group experienced the greatest growth between 1987 and 2013?
a. Other
b. Black/African-American
c. Hispanic/Latino
d. Native American
Ans: C
Answer Location: Racial and Ethnic Diversity in Policing
Learning Objective: 4, Explain the importance of racial and ethnic diversity in policing
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Difficulty Level: Hard
Question Type: MC
Instructor Resource
Mallicoat, Crime and Criminal Justice, 1st ed.
SAGE Publishing, 2017
15. Who was the first African-American appointed to Chief of Police in 1992?
a. Samuel Battle
b. Robert W. Stewart
c. Wiley G. Overton
d. Willie L. Williams
Ans: D
Answer Location: Racial and Ethnic Diversity in Policing
Learning Objective: 4, Explain the importance of racial and ethnic diversity in policing
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Easy
Question Type: MC
16. Which Survey collects data on state and local law enforcement agencies?
a. U.S. Labor and Statistics
b. Law Enforcement Management and Administrative Statistics
c. Federal Law Enforcement Equality Statistics
d. None of these
Ans: B
Answer Location: Racial and Ethnic Diversity in Policing
Learning Objective: 4, Explain the importance of racial and ethnic diversity in policing
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Easy
Question Type: MC
Instructor Resource
Mallicoat, Crime and Criminal Justice, 1st ed.
SAGE Publishing, 2017
17. Which president’s Commission on Law Enforcement and the Administration of Justice
suggested that minority officers would not only have a greater understanding of the needs of
these communities, but would also have greater credibility?
a. Lyndon B. Johnson
b. John F. Kennedy
c. Jimmy Carter
d. Harry S. Truman
Ans: A
Answer Location: The Importance of a Diverse Police Force
Learning Objective: 4, Explain the importance of racial and ethnic diversity in policing
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Medium
Question Type: MC
20. The ________ is the first rank that carries supervisory duties.
a. Assistant Chief
b. Captain
c. Sergeant
d. Lieutenant
Ans: C
Answer Location: Police Roles
Learning Objective: 5, Explain the structure of a police organization and the various job
functions that officers hold within the agency
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Easy
Question Type: MC
Instructor Resource
Mallicoat, Crime and Criminal Justice, 1st ed.
SAGE Publishing, 2017
23. _____________ found that increasing (or decreasing) the level of police presence in a region
did not have a significant effect on crimes such as burglary, theft, robbery, or vandalism. Such
changes in patrol patterns also did not impact citizen satisfaction levels with their police or their
fear about crime.
a. Kentucky Preventative Patrol Experiment
b. Las Vegas Preventative Patrol Experiment
c. Kansas City Preventative Patrol Experiment
d. New York City Preventative Patrol Experiment
Ans: C
Answer Location: Strategies and Tactics of Policing
Learning Objective: 6, Distinguish between the various strategies and tactics of policing
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Difficulty Level: Hard
Question Type: MC
25. Research indicates that __________ policing is an effective strategy in reducing crime.
a. crime mapping
b. directed patrols
c. hot spots
d. random patrols
Ans: C
Answer Location: Random v. Directed Patrols
Learning Objective: 6, Distinguish between the various strategies and tactics of policing
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Medium
Question Type: MC
27. __________ policing is influenced by the broken windows theory, which suggests that when
lesser acts of disorder are left unattended in a neighborhood, there is an increased risk for serious
crime to breed.
a. Order maintenance
b. Aggressive Maintenance
c. Hot Spot
d. Community
Ans: A
Answer Location: Order Maintenance Policing
Learning Objective: 6, Distinguish between the various strategies and tactics of policing
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Difficulty Level: Hard
Question Type: MC
28. _________ is “a philosophy that promotes organizational strategies, which support the
systematic use of partnerships and problem-solving techniques, to proactively address the
immediate conditions that give rise to public safety issues such as crime, social disorder, and fear
of crime.”
a. Order Maintenance Policing
b. Hot Spot Policing
c. Community Policing
d. Directed Patrol Policing
Ans: C
Answer Location: Community Policing
Learning Objective: 6, Distinguish between the various strategies and tactics of policing
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Medium
Question Type: MC
Instructor Resource
Mallicoat, Crime and Criminal Justice, 1st ed.
SAGE Publishing, 2017
29. The ________________ was established within the Department of Justice in 1994 as part of
the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act.
a. Office of Community Oriented Policing Services
b. Office of Order Maintenance Policing Services
c. Office of Violent Crime Policing Services
d. Office of Problem-Oriented Policing Services
Ans: A
Answer Location: Community Policing
Learning Objective: 6, Distinguish between the various strategies and tactics of policing
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Easy
Question Type: MC
True/False
31. The political era is the second era in the evolution of American policing.
Ans: False
Answer Location: The Political Era
Learning Objective: 1, Discuss the three eras of policing
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Medium
Question Type: TF
32. Sir Robert Peel said, “Police seek and preserve public favor not by catering to the public
opinion but by constantly demonstrating absolute impartial service to the law.”
Ans: True
Answer Location: A Brief History on Policing
Learning Objective: 1, Discuss the three eras of policing
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Easy
Question Type: TF
33. The Secret Service was established by President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1855.
Ans: False
Learning Objective: 2, Identify the different types of police organizations
Instructor Resource
Mallicoat, Crime and Criminal Justice, 1st ed.
SAGE Publishing, 2017
34. The U.S. Marshalls Service is the oldest law enforcement agency in the nation
Ans: True
Answer Location: Department of Justice
Learning Objective: 2, Identify the different types of police organizations
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Easy
Question Type: TF
35. Cross-deputization refers to the practice whereby local law enforcement officers are given
the power to enforce local laws.
Ans: False
Answer Location: Cross-Deputizing of Officers
Learning Objective: 6, Distinguish between the various strategies and tactics of policing
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Medium
Question Type: TF
Instructor Resource
Mallicoat, Crime and Criminal Justice, 1st ed.
SAGE Publishing, 2017
36. The passage of the Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act in 2010
(otherwise known as Arizona Senate Bill 1017) is perhaps one of the most significant acts of
cross-deputization in recent history.
Ans: False
Answer Location: Cross-Deputizing of Officers
Learning Objective: 6, Distinguish between the various strategies and tactics of policing
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Easy
Question Type: TF
37. New York City does not have the greatest number of officers proportionate to the population.
Ans: True
Answer Location: Local Law Enforcement
Learning Objective: 2, Identify the different types of police organizations
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Easy
Question Type: TF
38. There are also 250 departments who are responsible for providing law enforcement for public
school districts.
Ans: True
Answer Location: Special Law Enforcement Agencies
Learning Objective: 2, Identify the different types of police organizations
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Easy
Question Type: TF
Instructor Resource
Mallicoat, Crime and Criminal Justice, 1st ed.
SAGE Publishing, 2017
39. There are 176 agencies whose primary focus of enforcement is related to transportation. The
largest of these is the Port of Authority of New York and New Jersey.
Ans: False
Answer Location: Special Law Enforcement Agencies
Learning Objective: 2, Identify the different types of police organizations
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Medium
Question Type: TF
40. Research indicates that male officers are more than 8½ times more likely than female officers
to be accused of excessive force.
Ans: True
Answer Location: Women in Policing
Learning Objective: 3, Discuss the history of women in policing
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Difficulty Level: Hard
Question Type: TF
42. President Kennedy’s Commission on Law Enforcement and the Administration of Justice
suggested that minority officers would not only have a greater understanding of the needs of
minority communities, but would also have greater credibility.
Ans: False
Answer Location: The Importance of a Diverse Police Force
Learning Objective: 4, Explain the importance of racial and ethnic diversity in policing
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Medium
Question Type: TF
43. The limited number of minorities in upper management can impact the retention of qualified
minority candidates.
Ans: True
Answer Location: The Importance of a Diverse Police Force
Learning Objective: 4, Explain the importance of racial and ethnic diversity in policing
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Medium
Question Type: TF
44. The jurisdiction of an agency determines both the demographic boundaries of their authority
as well as the types of cases they might handle on a regular basis.
Instructor Resource
Mallicoat, Crime and Criminal Justice, 1st ed.
SAGE Publishing, 2017
Ans: False
Answer Location: What Do the Police Do?
Learning Objective: 5, Explain the structure of a police organization and the various job
functions that officers hold within the agency
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Medium
Question Type: TF
Essay
modern system of policing, many of them remain a central component of modern-day police
organizations throughout the United States and around the world today.
Answer Location: A Brief History on Policing
Learning Objective: 1, Discuss the three eras of policing
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Easy
Question Type: ESS
advocated for the hiring of college-educated officers, as well as women and minorities. He also
introduced a number of technological advances to the field.
Answer Location: The Political Era
Learning Objective: 1, Discuss the three eras of policing
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Medium
Question Type: ESS
50. What are some significant features of the Community Problem-Solving Era?
Ans: The civil unrest throughout the 1960s and 1970s brought new challenges to policing. Rising
crime rates and increased fears about victimization demanded a return to a more personal
approach by officers. As a result, the community problem-solving era was born. Foot patrols
were revived in an effort to better connect with community members. As a result of these
interactions, officers were often able to gain information about criminal activities, which in turn
increased the number of crimes solved. At the same time, officers were able to learn about
citizen concerns and respond accordingly, which helped improve relationships between the
police and the community. However, not all communities felt that the police were interested in
their needs, as issues such as discrimination, poverty, and corruption have challenged the police–
community relations in many areas.
Answer Location: The Community Problem-Solving Era
Learning Objective: 1, Discuss the three eras of policing
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Medium
Question Type: ESS
51. What is jurisdiction? According to geographical jurisdiction, what are the three different
types of police organizations?
Ans: Police agencies are defined by their jurisdiction. Jurisdiction refers to two conditions: 1) do
the police have the legal authority to handle a particular matter; and 2) are the police authorized
to operate within a specific geographic location? In terms of geographic jurisdiction, there are
three levels of policing: federal, state, and local.
Answer Location: Types of Police Organizations
Learning Objective: 2, Identify the different types of police organizations
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Easy
Instructor Resource
Mallicoat, Crime and Criminal Justice, 1st ed.
SAGE Publishing, 2017
53. What are some of the positive traits policewomen are noted for bringing to the profession?
Ans: Policewomen have been particularly successful within models of community policing due
to their enhanced problem-solving skills through communication. As a result, women officers
have better relationships with members of their community, have fewer citizen complaints
compared to their male counterparts, and are less likely to “jump” to physical interventions.
Feminine traits such as care and compassion were also viewed as an asset particularly when
dealing with victims. Finally, women officers are typically not involved in cases of police
brutality and corruption. Research indicates that male officers are more than 8½ times more
likely than female officers to be accused of excessive force.
Instructor Resource
Mallicoat, Crime and Criminal Justice, 1st ed.
SAGE Publishing, 2017
Learning Objective: 4, Explain the importance of racial and ethnic diversity in policing
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Medium
Question Type: ESS
56. What role makes up the majority of the sworn officers in a department? What are they
responsible for?
Ans: Patrol officers that make up the majority of the sworn officers in a department. Patrol
officers are typically assigned a transportation style such as automobile, motorcycle, and even
bicycle or foot patrol. Patrol officers are typically the first responders at the scene when a call for
service is made. Patrol officers can interview suspects and witnesses of a crime and prepare
reports on these experiences. They provide security and traffic control for community events.
They are also responsible for arresting individuals and transporting them to the local jail.
Answer Location: Police Roles
Learning Objective: 5, Explain the structure of a police organization and the various job
functions that officers hold within the agency
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Medium
Question Type: ESS
they have a high rate of crime in a particular area, or the area is dominated by a particular type of
criminal activity.
Answer Location: Strategies and Tactics of Policing
Learning Objective: 6, Distinguish between the various strategies and tactics of policing
Cognitive Domain: Comprehension
Difficulty Level: Medium
Question Type: ESS
58. What were the major findings of the Kansas City Preventive Patrol Experiment?
Ans: Increasing (or decreasing) the level of police presence in a region did not have a significant
effect on crimes such as burglary, theft, robbery, or vandalism. Such changes in patrol patterns
also did not impact citizen satisfaction levels with their police or their fear about crime
Answer Location: Strategies and Tactics of Policing
Learning Objective: 6, Distinguish between the various strategies and tactics of policing
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Easy
Question Type: ESS
street-level officers to make decisions about how to best respond to issues on a more intimate
level.
Answer Location: Strategies and Tactics of Policing
Learning Objective: 6, Distinguish between the various strategies and tactics of policing
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Medium
Question Type: ESS
64. Discuss the significance of Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS).
Instructor Resource
Mallicoat, Crime and Criminal Justice, 1st ed.
SAGE Publishing, 2017
Ans: Provides training and funding to departments to help expand their efforts in community
policing; awarded over $14 billion to help hire additional officers and provide training and
resources to departments that are engaging in community policing
Answer Location: Community Policing
Learning Objective: 7-6 Distinguish between the various strategies and tactics of policing
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Difficulty Level: Medium
Question Type: ESS
“The test of police efficiency is the absence of crime and disorder, not the visible evidence of
police action in dealing with it.”
Answer Location: A Brief History of Policing
Learning Objective: 7-1 Discuss the three eras of policing
Cognitive Domain: Knowledge
Difficulty Level: Medium
Question Type: ESS
Learning Objective: 7-6 Distinguish between the various strategies and tactics of policing
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Difficulty Level: Medium
Question Type: ESS
70. Explain the relevance of SARA. What is it, and how is it used?
Ans: Scanning, analysis, response, and assessment. Related to problem-oriented policing, which
seeks to examine the root causes of crime.
Answer Location: Problem-Oriented Policing
Learning Objective: 7-6 Distinguish between the various strategies and tactics of policing
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Difficulty Level: Medium
Question Type: ESS
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selkäänsä. Odotahan sentään!» lisäsi hän huomattuaan Jánkon jo
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VANHA SAITURI.
Tie oli täynnä syviä kuoppia ja pyörän jälkiä, kuten aina kuivan
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»Hän ei ole vielä tullut etkä saa odottaa häntä täällä sisällä».
Kuiskailtiin salavihkaa, että kauan aikaa, noin sata vuotta sitten oli
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