PRERNA INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

CHEMISTRY PRACTICAL:

EXPERIMENT NO. 5

Aim : To identify the functional group in the given organic compound.

Apparatus : Test tube, test tube stand, test tube holder, dropper, litmus (blue), NaHCO3, conc.
H2SO4 , NH4OH, FeCl3.

COMPOUND NO 1

SN EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

Preliminary test :
1 State: Solid
2 Colour: White
3 Odour: Vinegar like smell Compound is aliphatic
4 Flammability: Burns with non sooty flame
-COOH or – OH may be present
Litmus test : Organic Litmus solution turns from blue to
5 compound + 2 drops of litmus red.
solution.
-COOH group or phenolic or –
6 Organic compound + NaHCO3 Colourless, odorless gas with brisk OH group may be present.
solution. effervescence
-COOH Group confirmed
Confirmatory test : Fruity smell of ester

Ester test : Organic compound

7
+ C2H5OH + conc. H2SO4 + -COOH Group confirmed
Heat Red colour appear

8 FeCl3 Test : Organic

compound + dil FeCl3 solution

Result : The functional group present in the given organic compound is carboxylic acid ( -COOH ).

COMPOUND NO. 2

Aim : To identify the functional group in the given organic compound.

SN EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

Preliminary test :
1 State: Liquid
 2 Colour: Colourless
3 Odour: Spirit like smell
Burn with non-sooty flame Compound is aliphatic
4 Flammability:
No change -OH Group may be present.
5 Organic compound + blue litmus
solution

6 H2 gas evolved - OH (alcohol) Group may

Organic comp + Na metal
be
Confirmatory test :

Cerric ammonium nitrate Test :

7 Red colour - OH group confirmed
Organic compound + cerric
ammonium nitrate
- OH grp. confirmed
Ester Test : Organic compound +
8 Fruity smell of ester.
CH3COOH + Conc. H2SO4 (1 – 2
drops) + Heat.

Result : The functional group present in given organic compound is alcoholic (-OH) group

COMPOUND NO. 3

Aim : To identify the functional group in the given organic compound.

SN EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

Preliminary test :
1 State Solid
2 Colour White
3 Odour Phenolic Smell Aromatic compound
4 Flammability Burn with non-sooty flame
-COOH or phenolic – (OH) may
5 Organic compound + blue Blue litmus turn Red be present
litmus solution.
- COOH absent Phenolic group
6 NaHCO3 test : Organic No effervescence may be present
compound + NaHCO3 solution.

Confirmatory test :
7 FeCl3 Test : Organic compound Green blue or violet colouration Phenolic (- OH) group.
+ FeCl3 Confirmed

8. Phthalic test :Organic blue or red colouration Phenol (- OH) grp. Confirmed
compound + pthalic acid + 2-3
 drops H2SO4 +  .then cool and
dil. NaOH

Result : The given organic comp. contains phenolic (-OH) grp.

COMPOUND NO. 4

Aim : To identify the functional group in the given organic compound.

SN EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

Physical Properties:
1 State Liquid
2 Colour Colourless
3 Odour Pungent
4 Solubility Soluble in Water
5 Flammability: Burn with non-sooty flame (Aliphatic compound)

Preliminary test :
6 Organic comp + 2 ml of 2, 4 DNP shake Orange – red ppt. - CHO or ketonic - group
& allow it to stand. present.

Confirmatory test :

7 Schiff's solution test : Organic Pink colour Obtained -CHO group present
compound + 2 ml of Schiff's reagent.

8 Fehling’s solution test : Organic

compound + Fehling’s solution (A + B) Red ppt. - CHO grp present.
+ boil in a water bath

Result : Given organic compound contains aldehydic grp. (- CHO)