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Planning, Design and Estimation of a Warehouse
Technical Report · April 2013

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.2703.4407/1
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ANKIT GUPTA | B.E. (CIVIL) | SAIT, Indore 1
PLANNING, DESIGN AND ESTIMATION OF A

WAREHOUSE
(A study to propose a Warehouse in Indore, M.P. under
“Warehousing Development and Regulatory Authority”)
By
ANKIT GUPTA | ARCHIT JAIN | ANUP JAIN

CHANDAN PATEL | PRABHAKAR NARWANKAR
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in
CIVIL ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

SRI AUROBINDO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, INDORE
APRIL 2013
https://amity.academia.edu/AnkitGupta AMITY UNIVERSITY | NOIDA | +91 94 25 758922

CONTENTS
S. No. Title Page No.

1. Introduction 3
2. Planning with Technical Details 7
3. Design of Truss 12
4. Design of Slab 19
5. Design of Beam 24
6. Design of Column & Footing 38
7. Design of Step Footing of Stack 58
8. Estimation 60
9. Final Cost 69
10. Conclusion 71
11. References 72

INTRODUCTION
This plan proposes to provide Warehouse facility for

agriculture crop and agriculture products at Village Sanwer, Distt.
Indore, M.P.
The proposed unit envisages providing facility in the

field of safe storage of agriculture crop by making standard
warehouse with all type of required safety measures at Village
Sanwer, Distt. Indore (M.P.). Demand of warehousing facility at such
place is very high due to huge production of agriculture.
The unit will get registered with M.P. Warehousing

Corp. further the Indore district has been declared, as an industrial
backward district by the Central Govt. Therefore the unit will receive
all sorts of facilities as applicable to a district of such a category.
SITE DETAILS
1. Location : Village Sanwer, Distt. Indore, M.P.

2. Power : Available through M.P.E.B.
3. Water : Available from Well / Tube well.
4. Transport Facility : By Road- Indore-Ujjain Highway.
5. Medical Facility : Available.
6. Post Office : Available.
7. Bank Facility : Available.

STANDARD’S OF WAREHOUSE
The size of warehouse required for an operation is
determined by the maximum quantity, in tonnage and volume, of
supplies to be stored there at any one time. This quantity is
determined by the number of beneficiaries, the lead-time needed to
replenish the warehouse, the type of distribution system and the
frequency of the distributions.
When calculating storage requirements, only 70 per

cent of the total warehouse’s surface capacity should be considered
as available for actual storage space. The remaining 30 per cent is
used to ensure proper ventilation, passageways, handling space and
repackaging areas.
Moreover, it should be noted that it is either

impossible or impractical to fill a warehouse to the roof, nor is it
recommended. Therefore, storage capacity should be calculated at
least a meter below the actual height of the warehouse ceiling.
FOR 150 TONNES OF GRAIN WITH HEIGHT OF 15 BAGS

REQUIRED SURFACE AREA = 55.66 M2
0.5 TONNE OF GRAINS= 1 M3
LENGTH × BREADTH × (HEIGHT - 1M) × 70% = APPROX CAPACITY OF

WAREHOUSE
NOTE: STACK SHOULD BE ATLEAST 1 M FROM THE CEILING
(1)ONLY 70% OF SPACE IS USED FOR STORAGE OF GRAINS

(2)THERE ARE HEIGHT, LOAD AND FLOOR LIMITATION TO HOW GRAIN CAN BE
STACKED.

REQUIREMENT OF WARE HOUSE
In view of the shortage of storage capacity

experienced by FCI and State Agencies in the last 3 years,
Government of India introduced a Scheme on 28.7.2008 for hiring of
Godowns for a period of 5/7/10 years. These instructions were
conveyed vide letter no. E.3 (28)/Construction of
Godown/07/Stg.VI/Vol. II dated 13.08.2008 and subsequent letters.
On 1.3.2012, the Central Pool stock reached all time

high of 199.52 lakh tonnes of wheat and 333.50 lakh tonnes of rice
(including unmilled paddy). This is the highest ever level of stock.
On 1.3.2012, wheat stock lying with FCI & State Agencies in CAP was
98.88 lakh tonnes, out of which 52.72 lakh tonnes was in Punjab,
36.75 lakh tonnes in Haryana and 0.21 lakh tonnes in M.P.
In 2012-13, Food Secretaries have given an estimate

of 318 lakh tonnes of wheat procurement. The present projections
show that the Central Pool stock may reach all time high level of
750.17 lakh tonnes on 1.6.2012. FCI and State Agencies were having
438 lakh tonnes covered capacity as on 31.03.2011. Moreover, the
allocation made by the Govt of India is 526.455 lakh tonnes in 2012-
13 (as on 10.4.2012) as against 707.88 lakh tonnes in 2011-12.
If CWC & SWCs are not able to give the capacity

required by FCI, GMs(R) of FCI may invite bids from private parties
for hiring of godowns with preservation, maintenance and security
for a period of one year extendable by another one year at the same
rates, terms and conditions at the sole discretion of FCI. The
godown can be vacated by FCI at any time by giving three months’
notice during the extended period only.

PURPOSE
Our primary aim of Warehouse is to facilitate the
movement of goods from our suppliers to our customers and by
doing so, meet our customer’s demand in a timely and cost-effective
manner. In order to achieve this efficiently we may have to hold
stock, but this is not the main role of our warehouses.
Our basic aim must be to minimize the total cost of the operation
while providing the desired level of service.
Some valid reasons for holding stock include the following:
To cover demand during supplier’s lead-time.
To enable savings to be made through bulk purchases or discounts.
To cope with seasonal fluctuations.
To provide a variety of product in a centralized location.
The build up/holding of anticipation stocks.
The build-up and holding of investment stocks.
In addition we may also use warehouses to

break bulk stocks down into smaller orders, to transfer goods, to
consolidate and complete order activities for our various dependent
locations. We should view a warehouse as a place to transfer goods
to customers. This may involve some temporary storage but,
essentially, it is a place where we undertake customer order
completion, combining individual items from various locations and
possibly splitting bulk products.
Large amount of grains every year spoils due

to bad storage condition in order to overcome from the scarcity of
storage we planned, design and estimated warehouse along with full
description. Warehouse is planned to store of grains safely.

TECHNICAL DETAIL
Land area in which warehouse is constructed is
3678.42 m2; in spite built up area of warehouse is 1646.34 m2. Entire
structure predominantly consists of 20 numbers of Stacks each of
Dimension 6.09×9.14 m, One Office with Tool Room and Guard
Room of same dimension as of stack. Capacity of Warehouse is
3000 MT with 150 MT of each stack. Front facing shutter with
dimension of 2.44×3.05m is provided in corner stack. The cantilever
slab of 1.52m is provided through out shutter.
Isolated foundation is provided below each column

and step footing is provided below each stack. Depth of footing is
1.5 m below the G.L. and base slab is provided 1m above G.L. The
height of column is 5.48 m above G.L., each of dimensions 0.3×0.3
m. The spacing of column is 6 m c/c from longer side and 5.94 m
c/c from shorter side.
Plinth beam is provided parallel to the base slab, 1m

above the G.L. The other 2 beams are provided at the ht. of 2.74 m
and 5.48 m above G.L. respectively. Dimension of beam is 0.3×0.3 m.
The thickness of wall is 0.3 m. Space is provided in front of stacks
of 9.14 m, with front space of 6.09 m. The thickness of base slab is
0.3 m.
Span of truss is 30 m with 5 m ht. Minimum 1 m of

space is provided from the bottom of truss.

MARKET POTENTIALITY
Indian economy is solely based on agriculture; in India

agriculture is main source of livelihood for around 61% of the
population in India. So agriculture and agricultural growth occupies
a high degree of importance in the development of country.
Our storage techniques have been turning from

conventional subsistence storage to safe warehousing, so this leads
to the increase of demand for standard storeroom.
Village Sanwer and its adjoining areas are well known

for its agriculture products viz. Soya been, Gram, Alsi and other
crop. The economy of this area is directly depending upon
agriculture products. Thus the area itself has lot of potential for
warehousing. Looking at the present trend of agriculture growth in
country there is huge existing demand of warehousing.
The warehousing facilities have continued demand all

over the year because there is wide variety of agriculture crop and
agriculture products. Thus the unit must have demand for the
whole period of year.

ASSUMPTIONS
The cost of storing and profitability of the project for

its first five operating years is calculated which is presented later
on.
The various assumptions made for the calculation of

cost of production and profitability is listed below:
1. The unit will work for all 365 days.

2. The capacity utilization has been assumed at 80% in the first
year, 85% in the Second year, 90% in the third year and 95% in
the fourth year onwards.
3. The rent rate is considered without labor charges basis, based
on prevailing market rate.
4. The details of manpower and wages are on the basis of
industry practice.
5. Employee’s benefits have been taken at 10% of wages and
salaries, which include benefits, house rent, gratuity, paid leave
etc.
6. In case of Receipts in every third year an increase of 10% has
been assumed.
7. The interest on term loan & working capital has been taken @
11.00% per year.
8. Operational year means year of operation.



DESIGN OF TRUSS
Roof of truss span =30 m
Height of column =5.48 m
Spacing of trusses =6 m
Type of truss =A-Type
Rise =5m; Pitch of truss =1/6
Basic wind pressure =86.7 kg/m2
Slope of truss =1 in 3
Length of top chord =√ (5)2+ (15)2 =15.81 m
Divide the length of span in 11 equal panels
Length of each panel =15.81/11 =1.43 m
Let us provide 12 purlins at spacing of 1431 mm, 1431×11=15730

and a gap of 60 mm at apex.
LOADING CALCULATION:
Mass of Trafford asbestos sheet =16.2 kg/m2
Weight of A.C sheet =16.2×9.81 =159 N/m2

Weight of sheet/meter length of purlin = 159×1.431 =227 N/m
Assume weight of purlin/meter length =100 N/m
Hence, dead load per meter length =227+100 = 327N/m
Total Dead load on purlin =327×6 =1962 N
Live load on purlin = [750-(18.43-10)20]
=581 N/m2 of plane area
Live load for design of Roof truss = (2/3) ×581 = 387.33 N/m2
Total live load on purlin WL =581×1.43 cos18.43°×6 =4729 N
COMPUTATION OF WIND LOAD:

Basic wind speed = 39 m/s
K1 = 1, K3 = 1
K2 = 0.93 [Category 2 and Building of Class C]
VZ = 39×1×1×0.93 = 36.27 m/s
PZ = (36.27)2 × 0.6 = 0.789 KN/m2
Slope 18.43°, h/w = 0.16, Cpe = -0.6, CPI = ±0.5
= (0.6+0.5) × 0.789 = 0.867 KN/m2 = -867 N/m2
DESIGN OF PURLIN:
Total wind load on purlins WW = 867 A
A = Spacing of purlins × Length of purlins = 1.43 × 6 = 8.58 m2
WW = -867 × 8.58 = -7438 N

The Load Combination is:-

1. D.L. + L.L. = Wd + Wl = 1962 + 4729 = 6691 N
DESIGN OF CHANNEL PURLINS (WITHOUT SAG RODS):
Wdlx = Load perpendicular to slope = 6691 cos18.43° = 6347 N
Wdly = Load parallel to slope = 6691 sin18.43° = 2115 N
Mdlx = (6347 × 6)/10 = 3808 N-m ≈ 3808 × 103 N-mm
Mdly = (2115 × 6)/10 = 1269 N-m ≈ 1269 × 103 N-mm
Assume, Zx/Zy = 6, Zx = ((3808 + (6×1269)) × 103)/165=69.22×103mm3
Let us try ISMC-150 @ 16.09 Kg/m having
Zxx = 103.9 × 103 mm3 Zyy = 19.4 × 103 mm3
Ix = 779.1 × 103 mm4 Iy = 102.3 × 103 mm4
3808×103 1269×103
𝑓𝑏𝑡 = + = 102.06 N/mm2 < 165 N/mm2
103.9×103 19.4 ×103
DEFLECTION CHECK:
5 6347 × 60003
∂x = × = 11.4 mm
384 2×105 ×779.1×104
5 2115 × 60003
∂y = × = 29.07 mm
384 2×105 ×102.3×104
∂ = √ (11.4)2 + (29.07)2 = 31.22 mm
HENCE OK.

2. D.L. + W.L. (Wd = 1962 N, Ww = -7438 N) :

DESIGN OF CHANNEL PURLINS (WITHOUT SAG RODS):
Wdwx = Load normal to slope = -7438 + 1962cos18.43° = - 5576 N
Wdwy = Load parallel to slope = 1962sin18.43° = 620 N
Mdlx = (-5576 × 6)/10 = -3346 N-m ≈ 3346 × 103 N-mm
Mdly = (620 × 6)/10 = 372 N-m ≈ 372 × 103 N-mm
Let us try ISMC-150 @ 16.09 Kg/m having
Zxx = 103.9 × 103 mm3 Zyy = 19.4 × 103 mm3
Ix = 779.1 × 103 mm4 Iy = 102.3 × 103 mm4
−3346×103 372×103
𝑓𝑏𝑡 = + = 51.59 N/mm2 < 165 N/mm2
103.9×103 19.4 ×103
DEFLECTION CHECK:
5 5576 × 60003
∂x = × = 10.06 mm
384 2×105 ×779.1×104
5 620 × 60003
∂y = × = 8.52 mm
384 2×105 ×102.3×104
∂ = √ (10.06)2 + (8.52)2 = 13.18 mm
HENCE OK.
LOAD AT PANEL POINTS OF TRUSS:

There are 22 panels of 1.43 m Length each.
a.) DEAD LOADS
Weight of asbestos sheet/panel length = 159 × 1.43 × 6 = 1364 N

Weight of 24 purlins directly on truss. Hence load due to weight of

purlin/panel = (24×6×127×9.81)/8 = 2242 N
Weight of truss, W = 10((L/3) +5) = 10((30/3) +5) = 150 N/m2
Total dead weight/panel = 1364 + 2242 + 3375 = 6980 N
Deal Load at each end panel point = ½*6980 = 3490 N
b.) IMPOSED LOAD
Live Load on truss = 2/3×581 = 387.33 N/m2 of horizontal area.
Live Load per panel = 387.33 × 6 × 1.43 × cos18.43° = 3152 N
c.) WIND LOAD
Max. Wind pressure = -867 N/m2 (Wind blows parallel to Rige)
Wind Load per panel = -867 × 6 × 1.43 = -7438 N (Uplift Load)
IN TABLE DRAWN BELOW:
2 In bracket indicates force due to wind load combination

1 In bracket indicates force from combination other than wind load
25 Percent reduction is applied to force from wind load combination
Left Reaction Right Reaction
Horizontal Vertical Horizontal Vertical
Dead Load 0.0 4164.7 0.0 4164.7
Reaction
Live Load 0.0 3504.1 0.0 3504.1
Reaction
Wind Load 79.6 -7200.0 79.6 -7200.0
Reaction

STEEL ROOF TRUSS (ANALYSIS RESULT)
Span = 3000 cm Spacing = 600 cm Slope = 1 in 3

Wind force = 100 kg/m2 Panels = 11 Purling at 143.74 cm
Member Length Compression Moment Tension Moment
Cm Kg kg.cm kg kg.cm
1 136.36 (2) 6346.5 2626.1 (1) 21640.2 8966.3
2 272.73 (2) 6343.8 1327.0 (1) 20904.2 4263.8
3 272.73 (2) 5262.1 545.4 (1) 18825.6 1655.9
4 272.73 (2) 4477.7 378.1 (1) 16735.7 1122.0
5 272.73 (2) 3693.0 340.2 (1) 14644.1 983.1
6 272.73 (2) 2521.7 583.0 (1) 11521.4 1532.2
7 143.74 (1) 22833.0 4541.5 (2) 6775.9 5956.8
8 143.74 (1) 22823.9 8712.8 (2) 6922.8 5238.9
9 143.74 (1) 20985.2 8794.3 (2) 6370.2 9836.2
10 143.74 (1) 20969.2 11513.5 (2) 6522.8 11335.2
11 143.74 (1) 18820.8 10994.3 (2) 5873.9 13045.1
12 143.74 (1) 18826.5 11756.7 (2) 6034.0 13259.7
13 143.74 (1) 16655.5 11186.8 (2) 5377.8 12692.6
14 143.74 (1) 16665.0 10037.4 (2) 5539.2 11929.6
15 143.74 (1) 14490.2 9521.2 (2) 4881.7 8885.0
16 143.74 (1) 14719.7 8353.3 (2) 5125.6 5786.7
17 143.74 (1) 14705.3 6195.1 (2) 5278.0 6106.1
18 45.45 (1) 592.7 773.0 (2) 225.9 415.0
19 136.36 (1) 668.2 2452.3 (2) 250.6 891.2
20 227.27 (1) 679.7 1093.1 (2) 254.2 395.5
21 318.18 (1) 676.1 438.0 (2) 252.8 161.1
22 409.09 (1) 998.6 179.5 (2) 373.7 69.0
23 204.55 (1) 604.8 576.2 (2) 226.3 228.9
24 500.00 (2) 4.0 0.0 (1) 10.3 0.0
25 163.89 (1) 1235.1 1640.6 (2) 465.8 541.4
26 227.27 (1) 1737.8 887.0 (2) 652.9 320.3
27 304.92 (1) 2343.1 627.5 (2) 879.5 233.8
28 388.36 (1) 2979.9 358.2 (2) 1118.3 142.3
29 209.54 (2) 107.3 518.4 (1) 287.2 1358.5
30 163.89 (2) 357.7 1208.6 (1) 900.0 3929.5
31 227.27 (2) 634.5 357.8 (1) 1689.4 1110.0
32 304.92 (2) 867.1 112.4 (1) 2311.8 310.8
33 388.36 (2) 1109.4 18.8 (1) 2958.4 71.0
34 284.77 (2) 1617.8 625.4 (1) 4314.9 1663.9
35 284.77 (2) 1780.5 628.6 (1) 4749.7 1593.5

STEEL A-TYPE ROOF TRUSSES (ISA SECTIONS)

Span = 30 m Slope = 1 in Purling at 1.44 m
Wind force = 100 kg/m2 150 kg/m2 200 kg/m2
Members No Length SPACING (m) SPACING (m) SPACING (m)

(m)
4.5 6.0 4.5 6.0 4.5 6.0
TIE 1 1.36 2-7070×6 2-9090×6 2-8080×6 2-9090×6 2-9090×6 2-100100×8
TIE 2 2.73 2-7070×6 2-9090×6 2-8080×6 2-9090×6 2-9090×6 2-100100×8
TIE 3 2.73 2-7070×6 2-9090×6 2-8080×6 2-9090×6 2-9090×6 2-100100×8
TIE 4 2.73 2-7070×6 2-9090×6 2-8080×6 2-9090×6 2-9090×6 2-100100×8
TIE 5 2.73 2-5050×6 2-7070×6 2-7070×6 2-8080×6 2-8080×6 2-9090×6
TIE 6 2.73 2-5050×6 2-7070×6 2-7070×6 2-8080×6 2-8080×6 2-9090×6
RAFTER 7 1.44 2-8080×6 2-100100×6 2-8080×6 2-100100×6 2-9090×6 2-9090×8
RAFTER 8 1.44 2-8080×6 2-100100×6 2-8080×6 2-100100×6 2-9090×6 2-9090×8
RAFTER 9 1.44 2-8080×6 2-100100×6 2-8080×6 2-100100×6 2-9090×6 2-9090×8
RAFTER 10 1.44 2-8080×6 2-100100×6 2-8080×6 2-100100×6 2-9090×6 2-9090×8
RAFTER 11 1.44 2-8080×6 2-100100×6 2-8080×6 2-100100×6 2-9090×6 2-9090×8
RAFTER 12 1.44 2-8080×6 2-100100×6 2-8080×6 2-100100×6 2-9090×6 2-9090×8
RAFTER 13 1.44 2-8080×6 2-100100×6 2-8080×6 2-100100×6 2-9090×6 2-9090×8
RAFTER 14 1.44 2-7070×6 2-9090×6 2-7070×6 2-9090×6 2-8080×6 2-100100×6
RAFTER 15 1.44 2-7070×6 2-9090×6 2-7070×6 2-9090×6 2-8080×6 2-100100×6
RAFTER 16 1.44 2-7070×6 2-9090×6 2-7070×6 2-9090×6 2-8080×6 2-100100×6
RAFTER 17 1.44 2-7070×6 2-9090×6 2-7070×6 2-9090×6 2-8080×6 2-100100×6
WEB 18 0.45 1-4040×6 1-4040×6 1-4040×6 1-4040×6 1-4040×6 1-4040×6
WEB 19 1.36 1-4040×6 1-4040×6 1-4040×6 1-4040×6 1-4040×6 1-4040×6
WEB 20 2.27 1-6060×6 1-6060×6 1-6060×6 1-6060×6 1-6060×6 1-6060×6
WEB 21 3.18 1-8080×6 1-8080×6 1-8080×6 1-8080×6 1-8080×6 1-8080×6
WEB 22 4.09 1-100100×6 1-100100×6 1-100100×6 1-100100×6 1-100100×6 1-100100×6
WEB 23 2.04 1-6060×6 1-6060×6 1-6060×6 1-6060×6 1-6060×6 1-6060×6
WEB 24 5.00 1-9090×6 1-9090×6 1-9090×6 1-9090×6 1-9090×6 1-9090×6
WEB 25 1.64 1-5050×6 1-5050×6 1-5050×6 1-5050×6 1-5050×6 1-5050×6
WEB 26 2.27 1-6060×6 1-6060×6 1-6060×6 1-6060×6 1-6060×6 1-6060×6
WEB 27 3.05 1-8080×6 1-8080×6 1-8080×6 1-8080×6 1-8080×6 1-8080×6
WEB 28 3.88 1-100100×6 1-100100×6 1-100100×6 1-100100×6 1-100100×6 1-100100×6
WEB 29 2.09 1-4040×6 1-4040×6 1-4040×6 1-4040×6 1-4040×6 1-4040×6
WEB 30 1.64 1-4040×6 1-5050×6 1-4040×6 1-5050×6 1-5050×6 1-6060×6
WEB 31 2.27 1-5050×6 1-5050×6 1-5050×6 1-5050×6 1-6060×6 1-6060×6
WEB 32 3.05 1-6060×6 1-6060×6 1-6060×6 1-7070×6 1-7070×6 1-8080×6
WEB 33 3.88 1-7070×6 1-7070×6 1-8080×6 1-9090×6 1-9090×6 1-100100×6
WEB 34 2.85 2-4040×6 2-5050×6 2-6060×6 2-6060×6 2-6060×6 2-7070×6
WEB 35 2.85 2-4040×6 2-5050×6 2-6060×6 2-6060×6 2-6060×6 2-7070×6
Sum of angle of 1363.70 1622.05 1492.29 1662.81 1649.5 1982.14

weight (kg)
Unit weight (kg) 10.10 9.01 11.05 9.24 12.22 11.01

DESIGN PROCEDURE OF TWO WAY SLABS

As the ratio of length & width of all slabs are less than 2,
two way slabs have been considered to design.
DESIGN CONSTANTS – Following design constants have been

adopted for steel & concrete as per IS 456 – 2000.
Steel – Fe 415 : (char. Strength) fy = 415 N/mm2
Concrete – M 20 (char. Comp. strength) fck = 20 N/mm2
(Max depth of N.A) : Xu max = 0.48 d
(Max limiting moment) : Mu lim = 0.138 fck bd2
(Factor): Ru max = 0.36 fck b Ku max. (1 - 0.42 Ku max) =2.76
Ku max = Xu max /d =0.48
Total Depth of slab D = 200 mm
Depth without Cover d = 175 mm
LOADS ON SLABS
(As per limit state method a factored load is considered after
calculating total load)
Dead load due to self weight of slab
Live Loads
TOTAL LOAD = Total of all loads

Factored load Wd = 1.50 × Total loads

CALCULATIONS OF BENDING MOMENTS ON SLABS:

While calculating of B.M. of slab is done, ly/lx ratio is first calculated
to obtain the value of αx & αy (where, αx & αy are B.M. coefficient)
(as per IS 456: 2000 Table 26)
Calculate ly/lx
Obtain value of αx & αy (from IS 456: 2000 Table 26)
For corresponding value of ly/lx,
Calculate B.M.: α =αy W
DESIGN OF REINFORCMENT-
To calculate the area the area of steel by following formula:
𝐴𝑠𝑡 𝑓𝑦
𝑀𝑢 = 0.87 𝑓𝑦 𝐴𝑠𝑡 𝑑 [1 − ]
𝑏𝑑 𝑓𝑐𝑘
SPACING OF BARS = area of one bar x 1000/Ast
Maximum spacing for main reinforcement
CHECH FOR SHEAR –

Shear force due to load Vu = Wd l/2
Nominal shear stress τv = Vu/bd
Percentage of tensile steel Pt = Ast × 100/bd %
Shear strength of concrete (table 19 page 73 IS 456: 2000)
If τv < τc than no shear reinforcement is required.

DESIGN OF SLABS ABOVE STACK

Load on the slab:-
Self weight of slab = 0.20×24.2 = 4.84 KN/m2
Imposed load = 26.7 KN/m2
TOTAL LOAD = 31.54 KN/m2

Factored load = 31.54 × 1.5 = 47.31 KN/m2
Ly/Lx = 8.55/5.5 = 1.55 < 2
For Ly/Lx 1.5 1.75 1.55 For all Ly/Lx
-αx 0.075 0.084 0.0768 -αy = 0.047

+αx 0.056 0.063 0.0574 +αy = 0.035
Wu = 47.31 KN/m2 Lx = 5.5 m Wu Lx2 = 1431.12 KN
Span Position B.M Coefficient (α) Mu = α Wu Lx2 KN-m
Short – Support 0.0768 118.2

Short – Mid Span 0.0574 88.38
Long – Support 0.047 72.37
Long – Mid Span 0.035 53.89
DESIGN CALCULATION:-
Location Mu d Ast req Dia Spacing Ast provided
KN-m mm mm2 Mm Mm mm2
Short Span
Support 118.2 175 2785 12 40 2826
Mid Span 88.38 175 1766 12 60 1884
Long Span
Support 72.37 175 1364 12 80 1413
Mid Span 53.89 175 960.9 12 110 1027

Check for shear –

= (49.99 × 5.5)/2 = 138.7 KN
= (138.7 × 1000)/ (1000 × 175)
= 0.70 N/mm2
𝜋⁄ ×122 ×100
4
Percentage of tensile steel 𝑃𝑡 = = 1.61%
175×40
τc = 0.73
DESIGN OF SLAB ABOVE OFFICE

Load on the slab:-
Self weight of slab = 0.10×24.2 = 2.42 KN/m2
Lime mortar = 0.07×17 = 1.19 KN/m2
Kota stone floor = 0.025×24 = 0.60 KN/m2
Live load = 2 KN/m2
TOTAL LOAD = 6.21 KN/m2

Factored load = 6.21 × 1.5 = 9.315 KN/m2
Ly/Lx = 8.55/5.5 = 1.55 < 2
For Ly/Lx 1.5 1.75 1.55 For all Ly/Lx
-αx 0.075 0.084 0.0768 -αy = 0.047

+αx 0.056 0.063 0.0574 +αy = 0.035

Wu = 9.315 KN/m2 Lx = 5.5 m Wu Lx2 = 281.77 KN
Span Position B.M Coefficient (α) Mu = α Wu Lx2 KN-m
Short – Support 0.0768 21.63

Short – Mid Span 0.0574 16.17
Long – Support 0.047 13.24
Long – Mid Span 0.035 9.86
DESIGN CALCULATION:-
Location Mu d Ast req Dia Spacing Ast provided
KN-m mm mm2 Mm Mm mm2
Short Span
Support 21.63 80 997 10 70 1121
Mid Span 16.17 80 673 10 110 713
Long Span
Support 13.24 80 528 8 90 558
Mid Span 9.86 80 376.86 8 130 386.46
Check for shear –

= (9.315 × 5.5)/2 = 25.6 KN
= (25.6 × 1000)/ (1000 × 175)
= 0.146 N/mm2
𝜋⁄ ×102 ×100
4
Percentage of tensile steel 𝑃𝑡 = = 0.64%
175×70
τc = 0.524

DESIGN OF BEAMS
1. Plinth Beam of all Sides (B1):
Given:
Total depth of beam (D) = 300 mm
Effective depth of beam (d) =260 mm
Width of beam (b) = 300 mm
Effective cover (d’) = 40 mm
Use, M-20 concrete, Fe-415 Steel
Strength of concrete (fck) = 20 N/mm2
Strength of steel (fy) = 415 N/mm2

5.48−.6
Height of wall above beam =
2
= 2.44 m
Weight of wall on beam = Unit weight of brick masonary ×
Height of wall × Thickness of wall
[Unit weight of wall masonary =19.5 KN/m3
Thickness of wall = 0.3m]
Weight of wall on beam = 19.5 × 2.44 × 0.3

= 14.27 KN/m
Self weight of beam = Unit weight of concrete × Width of
Beam × Depth of beam
[Unit weight of concrete = 25 KN/m3]
Self weight of beam = 25 × 0.3 × 0.3 = 2.25 KN/m

Total load on beam (W) = Weight of wall + Self weight of beam
= 14.27 + 2.25 = 16.52 KN/m
Design load for consideration (Factored load) = 1.5 × W
Wu = 1.5 × 16.52
= 24.78 KN/m
Effective length of span = c/c distance of column
Leff = 6.0 + 0.15 + 0.15 = 6.3 m
Factored moment (Mu) = (Wu leff2)/8
24.78×6.32
= =122.93 KN m
8
“Maximum shear occurs at support & is equals to half of the total

load”
Maximum shear (Vu) = (Wu leff)/2

24.78×6.3
= = 78.05 KN
2
Check whether it can be single reinforced beam
xu lim = 0.48d
= 0.48 × 260 = 124.8
Mu lim = 0.138 fckbd2
= 55.97 KN m
It is designed as doubly reinforced beam; C=T
0.36 fck b xu lim = 0.87 fy Ast 1
0.36 × 20 × 300 × 124.8 = 0.87 × 415 × Ast 1
Ast 1 = 746.622 mm 2

To find Ast 2
Mu – Mu lim = 0.87 fy (d-d’)
122.93 – 55.97 = 0.87 × 415 × (260-40)
Ast 2 = 842 mm2
Ast = Ast 1 + Ast 2 = 746.662 + 842 = 1588.99 mm2

𝑋𝑢𝑙𝑖𝑚−𝑑′
Steel in compression Esc = 0.0035 ( )
𝑋𝑢𝑙𝑖𝑚
124.8−40
𝐸𝑠𝑐 = ( ) = 2.37 × 10-3 mm2
124.8
From stress strain curve
Fsc = 352 N/mm2
On equating horizontal comp. to tensile force
Fsc Asc = 0.87 fy Ast 2
352 Asc = 0.87 × 415 × 842
Asc = 863 mm2
Provide 6 bars of 20 mm dia. in tension zone (Ast provided = 1885

mm2) & 3 bars of 20 mm dia. In compression zone (Ast provided =
942 mm2)
Vu = 78.05 KN = 7805.5 N
𝑉𝑢 7805.5
𝜏= = 300×260 = 1.01 N/mm2
𝑏𝑑
Ast 1256
𝑃𝑡 = × 100 = × 100 = 1.61 %
𝑏𝑑 300×260

From table 19 of IS -456
τ = 0.733
From table 20
τ =2.8 N / mm2
τc < τv < τc max
Shear reinforcement will be provided
Shear is to be taken by steel
Vus = Vu - τc bd
= 78055 – 0.733 × 300 × 260 = 20881 N
Using 2 legged 8 mm vertical stirrups

0.87×𝑓𝑦×𝐴𝑠𝑣×𝑑
𝑉𝑢𝑠 = 𝑆𝑣
𝜋
0.87×415×(2× ×82 )×260
4
20881 = 𝑆𝑣
Sv = 415.7 mm
Provide 300 mm spacing.
2. Mid Beam of all Sides (B2):

Design and Percentage of Reinforcement
of Mid Beam of all the sides in the Warehouse is same as Plinth
Beam i.e. 1.61%. Doubly Reinforced Beam is to be provided as same
as Plinth Beam in all the Mid Beams of Warehouse.

3. Top Beam of Longer Side (B3):

Self weight of beam = 25 × 0.3 × 0.3 = 2.25 KN / m
Wu = 1.5 (2.25) = 3.375 KN/m
3.375×6.302
𝑀𝑢 = = 16.74 KN m
8
Maximum shear at support & half of total load

Wu L 1
V𝑢 = = × 3.375 × 6.30 = 10.63 KN
2 2
Check for singly reinforced beam
Mu lim = 0.138 fck bd2 = 0.138 × 20 × 300 × 2602= 55.97 KN-m
Mu lim > Mu
𝑀𝑢 = 0.87 × 𝑓𝑦 × 𝐴𝑠𝑡 × 𝑑 (1 − )
𝐴𝑠𝑡 415
16.74 × 106 = 0.87 × 415 × Ast × 260 × (1 − × )
300×260 20
Ast = 187.6 mm2
Provide 3 bars of 10 mm; Ast provided = 235.5 mm2
Check for shear reinforcement

𝑉𝑢 10.63 ×1000
𝜏𝑣 = 𝑏𝑑 = = 0.136 N/mm2
300×260
235.5
𝑃𝑡 = 300×260 = 0.30 %
τc = 0.384 N/mm2
τc max = 2.8 N/mm2

τc > τv Hence no shear reinforcement required.

4. Top First & Fifth Beam of Shorter Side (B4):

Total weight of wall above beam
1
= 19.5 × 0.3 × [ × 5.94 ×1.98] = 44.10 KN
2
Total load W = 7.81 + 2.25 = 10.06 KN/m
Factored load Wu = 1.5 × (10.06) = 15.09 KN/m
Effective length between c/c of column = 5.94
15.09×5.942
Mu = = 66.55 KN m
8
Shear occurs at mid span and equal to half of total load

Wu L 1
Vu = = × 15.09 × 5.94 = 44.81 KN
2 2
Mu lim = 0.138 fck bd2 = 0.138 × 20 × 300 × 2602 = 55.97 × 106 KN-m
Mu > Mu lim
It is doubly reinforced section
Calculation of Ast 1: C=T
0.36 f ck × b × Xu lim = 0.87 × fy × Ast 1
0.36 × 20 × 300 × 0.48 × 260 = 0.87 × 415 × Ast 1
Ast 1 = 746 mm2
Calculation of Ast 2
Mu – Mu lim = 0.87× fy × Ast 2 (d - d’)
(66.55 – 55.97) × 106 = 0.87 × 415 × Ast 2 (260 - 40)

Ast 2 = 133.1 mm2
Ast = Ast 1 + Ast 2 = 746 + 133.1 = 879.19 mm2

𝑋𝑢 lim − 𝑑′ 124.8−40
𝐸𝑠𝑐 = 0.0035 ( ) = 0.0035( ) = 2.3 × 10-3
𝑋𝑢 𝑙𝑖𝑚 124.8
Fsc = 352 N / mm2
Equating horizontal compression and tensile force
Fsc Asc = 0.87 × fy × Ast 2
352 × Asc = 0.87 × 415 × 746
Asc = 136.52 mm2
Provide 5 bars of 16 mm dia. in tension zone (Ast provided = 1004.8

mm2) & Provide 2 bars of 10 mm dia. in compression zone (A st
provided = 157 mm2).
Vu = 44.81 KN = 44810 N
𝑉𝑢 44810
τv = 𝑏𝑑 = 300×260 = 0.57 N/mm2
Ast 1004.8
Pt = × 100= × 100 = 1.28 %
𝑏𝑑 300×260
τc = 0.68 N / mm2
τc max =2.8 N / mm2
τc > τv
No shear reinforcement required.

5. Second & Fourth Beam of Shorter Side (B5):
Area of wall above beam = [{(5.64+1.98)/2} + (1.98×5.64)]
= 16.75 m2
Weight of wall on beam = 19.5 × 16.75 × 0.3 = 97.98 KN
Total load of wall per meter = 97.98/5.64 = 17.37 KN/M
Total load on beam W = 17.37 + 2.25 = 19.62 KN/m
Factored load Wu = 1.5 × 19.62 = 29.4 KN/m
Effective length of span = C/C distance of column
Leff = 6.0 + 0.15 + 0.15 = 6.3 m
Factored moment (Mu) = (Wu leff2)/8
29.4×6.32
= =145.86 KN m
8
“Maximum shear occurs at support & is equals to half of the total

load”
Maximum shear (Vu) = (Wu leff)/2

29.4×6.3
= = 92.61 KN
2
Check whether it can be single reinforced beam
xu lim = 0.48d
= 0.48 × 260 = 124.8
Mu lim = 0.138 fckbd2 = 55.97 KN m

It is designed as doubly reinforced beam; C=T
0.36 fck b xu lim = 0.87 fy Ast 1
0.36 × 20 × 300 × 124.8 = 0.87 × 415 × Ast 1
Ast 1 = 746.622 mm 2
To find Ast 2
Mu – Mu lim = 0.87 fy (d-d’) Ast2
(145.86 – 55.97)×106 = 0.87 × 415 × (260-40) ×Ast 2
Ast 2 = 1131.6 mm2
Ast = Ast 1= + Ast 2 = 746.662 + 1131.6 = 1878 mm2

𝑋𝑢𝑙𝑖𝑚−𝑑′
Steel in compression Esc = 0.0035 ( )
𝑋𝑢𝑙𝑖𝑚
124.8−40
𝐸𝑠𝑐 = ( ) = 2.37 × 10-3 mm2
124.8
From stress strain curve
Fsc = 352 N/mm2
On equating horizontal comp. to tensile force
Fsc Asc = 0.87 fy Ast 2
352 Asc = 0.87 × 415 × 1131.6
Asc = 1160 mm2
Provide 6 bars of 20 mm dia. in tension zone (Ast provided = 1885

mm2) & 5 bars of 16 mm dia. In compression zone (Ast provided =
1205.76 mm2).

Vu = 92.61 KN = 92610 N
𝑉𝑢 92610
𝜏= = 300×260 = 1.18 N/mm2
𝑏𝑑
Ast 1885
𝑃𝑡 = × 100 = × 100 = 2.41 %
𝑏𝑑 300×260
From table 19 in IS -456
τc = 0.82
From table 20
τc max =2.8 N / mm2

τc < τv < τc max
Shear reinforcement will be provided
Shear is to be taken by steel
Vus = Vu - τc bd
= 92610 – 0.82 × 300 × 260 = 28650 N

𝑉𝑢𝑠 =
𝑆𝑣
𝜋
0.87×415×(2× ×82 )×260
4
28650 = 𝑆𝑣
Sv = 329 mm
Provide 300 mm spacing.

6. Center Beam of Shorter Side (B6):

1
Weight of wall = 19.5×0.3× [5.94 × 3.96 + ( × 5.94 ×1.04)]
2
= 19.5 × 0.3 × 26.12 = 155.67 KN
Total load W = 27.6 + 2.25 = 29.85 KN/m
Factored load Wu = 1.5 × (33.04) = 44.75 KN/m
Effective length between c/c of column = 5.94
44.75×5.942
𝑀𝑢 = = 197.36 KN m
8
Shear occurs at mid span and equal to half of total load

Wu L 1
𝑉𝑢 = = 2 × 44.75 × 5.94 = 132.90 KN
2
Mu lim = 0.138 fck bd2 = 0.138 × 20 × 300 × 2602 = 55.97 KN-m
Mu > Mu lim It is doubly reinforced section
Calculation of Ast by (0.36 f ck × b × Xu lim = 0.87 × fy × Ast 1)
Ast 1 = 746.6 mm2
Calculation of Ast 2 by Mu – Mu lim = 0.87× fy × Ast 2 (d - d’)
(197.36 – 55.97) × 106 = 0.87 × 415 × Ast 2 (260 -40)
Ast 2 = 1780 mm2
Ast = Ast 1 + Ast 2 = 1780 + 746 = 2526 mm2

𝑋𝑢 lim − 𝑑′ 124.8−40
𝐸𝑠𝑐 = 0.0035 ( ) = 0.0035( ) = 2.3 × 10-3
𝑋𝑢 𝑙𝑖𝑚 124.8

Equating horizontal compression and tensile force
Fsc Asc = 0.87 × fy × Ast 2 (Fsc = 352 N/mm2)
Asc =1825 mm2
Provide 6 bars of 25 mm dia. Ast provided= 2943.75 mm2 & Provide 7

bars of 20 mm dia. Ast provided= 2198 mm2.
Vu = 132.9 KN = 132900 N
𝑉𝑢
τv = =
132900
= 1.70 N/mm2
𝑏𝑑 300×260
Ast 2943.75
Pt = × 100 = × 100 = 3.77 %
𝑏𝑑 300×260
τc = 0.82 N/mm2; τc max =2.8 N/mm2

τc < τv < τc max Shear reinforcement will be provided.
Shear is to be taken by steel.
Vus = Vu - τc bd = 132900 – 0.82 × 300 × 260 = 68940 N

𝑉𝑢𝑠 = 𝑆𝑣
𝜋
0.87×415×(2× 4 ×82 )×260
68940 =
𝑆𝑣
Sv = 136.81 mm Provide 300 mm spacing.

7. Plinth Beam of Boundary Wall (B7):

Self weight of wall =19.5 × 0.23 × 1.85 = 8.29 KN/M
Wu = 1.5 (8.29 + 2.25) = 15.81KN/m
15.81×3.32
𝑀𝑢 = = 21.52 KN m
8
Maximum shear at support & half of total load

Wu L 1
V𝑢 = = × 15.81 × 3.3 = 26.08 KN
2 2
Mu lim = 0.138 fck bd2 = 0.138 × 20 × 300 × 2602 = 55.97 KN-m
Mu lim > Mu
𝑀𝑢 = 0.87 × 𝑓𝑦 × 𝐴𝑠𝑡 × 𝑑 (1 − )
𝐴𝑠𝑡 415
21.52 × 106 = 0.87 × 415 × Ast × 260 × (1 − × )
300×260 20
Ast = 245 mm2
Provide 6 bars of 8 mm dia.; Ast provided = 301.44 mm2
Check for shear reinforcement

𝑉𝑢 26.08 ×1000
𝜏𝑣 = 𝑏𝑑 = = 0.33 N/mm2
300×260
Ast 301.44 ×100
𝑃𝑡 = × 100 = = 0.386 %
𝑏𝑑 300×260
τc = 0.422 N/mm2 ; τc max = 2.8 N/mm2

τc > τv No shear reinforcement required.


LOAD ON COLUMN C1:
Load on each Colum due to truss = 72 KN
Self Wt. of wall = 19.5 × 2.74 × 0.3 = 16.029 KN/m
Self Wt. of Beam = 25 × 0.3 × 0.3 = 2.25 KN/m
Self Wt. of Column = 25 × 0.3 × 0.3 × 7.98 = 17.95 KN
Spacing of Column = 6m
Total Load of Wall on Column = 16.029 × 6 = 96.174 KN
Total Load of Beam on Column = 2.25 × 6 = 13.5 KN
Total Load on Column = 72 + 17.95 + (2×96.174) + (3×13.5)
P = 322.798 KN
Factored Load Pu = 484.197 KN
Using M-20 and Fe-415

Height of Column above G.L = 5.48 m
Both end are fixed, it implies
Leff = 5.48 × 0.65 = 3.562 m = 3562 mm

𝐿𝑒𝑓𝑓 3562
= = 11.82
𝑏 300
(It is designed as Axially Loaded Short Column)
Size of Column = (300 × 300) mm = 90000 mm2
Using “P” Percentage Reinforced
Pu = 0.40 fck Ac + 0.67 fy Asc

𝑃 𝑃
484197 = 0.4 × 20 × 𝐴𝑔 (1 − ) + 0.67 × 415 × × 𝐴𝑔
100 100
484197 = 720000 – 7200 P + 250245 P
243045 P = 235803
P = 0.97%
Asc = (0.97 ×300 × 300)/100 = 873 mm2
Provide 8 bars of 12 mm ø c/c
Diameter not less than
a. ø/4 = 12/4 = 3 mm Use 6 mm Ties
Pitch: Not more than
a. Least lateral dimension = 300 mm

b. 16 × ø = 16 × 12 = 192 mm
c. 300 mm
Provide 6 mm Ties at 190 mm c/c.
LOAD ON FOOTING F1:
Column Size = 300×300 mm
Pu = 484.197 KN
Soil Bearing Capacity = 150 KN/m2

Self Weight of Footing = (10×484.197)/100

(10% of Total Load) = 48.41 KN
Total Load = 484.197 + 48.41 = 532.607 KN
Area of Footing = Total Load/Soil Bearing Capacity
Area of Footing = 532.607/150 = 3.55 m2
Size of Footing = 1.88 m ≈ 2 m
Provide Footing of 2×2 m
Soil Reaction for Factored Load
1.5 × 484.197
𝑞𝑢 = = 181.57 𝐾𝑁/𝑚2
2×2
Let Critical Section is at distance‘d’ from face of Column
VU = Soil pressure from shaded area
= qu × B [{(B-b)/2} - d]
Vu = 362 × (850 - d)
Assume 0.2% steel for M-20 concrete
τc = 0.32 N/mm2
Minimum depth required:
τc bd = Vu : 0.32 × 2000 × d = 362 × (850 - d)
d = 307 mm ~ 310 mm
Check for Bending:

Mu lim = 0.138 × fck bd2
= 0.138×20×2000×3102 = 530.47 × 106N-mm

Mu = qu (B – b)2/8 × B
= 0.181(2000-300)2/8 × 2000
= 130.772 × 106 N-mm < Mu lim.
Check for two way shear:

Perimeter of critical section = 4 × (b + d)
= 4 × (300+310) = 2440 mm
Area of critical section = 2440 × d
= 2440 × 310
upward pressure (shaded area)

Two way shear stress =
Area of critical section
0.116 [(2000×2000)−(610×610)]
=
2440 × 310
= 0.556 N/mm2
Max. Shear stress permitted = 0.25√fck = 0.25√20 = 1.118 N /mm2
Mu = 130.722 × 106 N-mm
Ast fy
Mu = 0.87 × fy × Ast × d [1 − ]
bd fck
A 415
130.722 × 106 = 0.87 × 415 × Ast × 310 [1 − (2000×310
st
)
]
20
Ast = 1217 mm2
Using 12 mm bars.
𝜋⁄ ×122 ×2000
4
𝑆𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔 = = 185.7 mm
1217
Ast provided = 1256 mm2 Provide 12 mm bars @ 180 mm c/c


LOAD ON COLUMN C2:
Load on each Column due to truss = 72 KN
Self Wt. of wall = 2 × 96.174 = 192.348 KN/m
Self Wt. of Beam = 13.5 × 3 = 40.5 KN/m
Self Wt. of Gabble Wall
= 19.5 × 0.3 [(5.94×3.96) + {2× (1/2)×5.94×1.04}]
= 19.5 × 0.3 [23.52 + 6.18] = 173.73 KN
Total Load on Column = 192.348 + 40.5 + 17.95 + 173.73
P = 424.528 KN

Leff = 5.48 × 0.65 = 3.562 m = 3562 mm

= = 11.82
𝑏 300


𝑃 𝑃
636790 = 0.4 × 20 × 90000 (1 − ) + 0.67 × 415 × × 90000
100 100
636790 = 720000 – 7200 P + 250245 P
243045 P = 83210
P = 1.2%
Asc = (1.2 ×300 × 300)/100 = 1080 mm2
b. ø/4 = 16/4 = 4 mm Use 6 mm Ties
d. Least lateral dimension = 300 mm

e. 16 × ø = 16 × 16 = 256 mm
f. 300 mm
LOAD ON FOOTING F2:

Pu = 636.79 KN


Total Load = 636.79 + 63.67 = 700.58 KN
Area of Footing = 700.58/150 = 4.67 m2
Size of Footing = 2.16 m ≈ 2.20 m
Provide Footing of 2.20×2.20 m
1.5 × 636.79
𝑞𝑢 = = 197.35 𝐾𝑁/𝑚2
2.20 × 2.20
Let Critical Section is at distance ‘d’ from face of Column
= qu × B [{(B-b)/2} - d]
= 0.197 × 2200 [(2200-300)/2 – d]
VU = 433.4 × (950 - d)
Assume 0.2% steel for M-20 concrete τc = 0.32 N/mm2

τc bd = VU : 0.32 × 2200 × d = 433.4 × (950 - d)
d = 362 mm ~ 370 mm
Check for Bending:

= 0.138×20×2200×3702 = 831.25 × 106N-mm

Mu = qu (B – b)2 /8 × B
= 0.197×(2000-300)2/8 × 2200
= 195.57 × 106 N-mm < Mu lim.

= 4 × (300+370) = 2680 mm
= 2680 × 370

0.197 [(2200×2200)−(370×370)]
=
2680 × 370
= 0.93 N/mm2
Mu = 195.57 × 106 N-mm
Ast fy
Mu = 0.87 × fy × Ast × d [1 − ]
bd fck
A 415
195.57 × 106 = 0.87 × 415 × Ast × 370 [1 − (2200×370
st
)
]
20
Ast = 1521 mm2
Using 12 mm bars.
𝜋⁄ ×122 ×2200
4
𝑆𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔 = = 163 mm
1521
Ast Provided = 1554.3 mm2 Provide 12 mm bars @ 160 mm c/c


LOAD ON COLUMN C3:
Load on each Colum due to truss = 72 KN
Self Wt. of wall = 2 × 96.174 = 192.348 KN/m
Self Wt. of Beam = 13.5 × 3 = 40.5 KN/m
Total Wt. of Gabble Wall
= 19.5 × 0.3 [(1/2) × 5.94 × 1.98]
= 34.40 KN
Total Load on Column = 192.348 + 40.5 + 17.95 + 34.40
P = 285.198 KN

Leff = 5.48 × 0.65 = 3.562 m = 3562 mm

= = 11.82
𝑏 300


𝑃 𝑃
427790 = 0.4 × 20 × 90000 (1 − ) + 0.67 × 415 × × 90000
100 100
427790 = 720000 – 7200 P + 250245 P
243045 P = 292210
P = 0.90%
Asc = (0.90 × 300 × 300)/100 = 810 mm2
c. ø/4 = 12/4 = 3 mm Use 6 mm Ties
g. Least lateral dimension = 300 mm

h. 16 × ø = 16 × 12 = 192 mm
i. 300 mm
LOAD ON FOOTING F3:

Pu = 427.79 KN


Total Load = 427.79 + 42.77 = 470.56 KN
Area of Footing = 470.56/150 = 3.13 m2
Size of Footing = 1.77 m ≈ 1.8 m
Provide Footing of 1.8×1.8 m
1.5 × 427.79
𝑞𝑢 = = 198.05 𝐾𝑁/𝑚2
1.8 × 1.8
= qu × B [{(B-b)/2} - d]
Vu = 356.4 × (750 - d)

τc bd = Vu : 0.32 × 1800 × d = 356.4 × (750 - d)
d = 287 mm ~ 300 mm
Check for Bending:

= 0.138×20×1800×3002 = 447.120 × 106N-mm

Mu = qu (B – b)2 /8 × B
= 0.198(1800-300)2/8 × 1800
= 100.23 × 106 N-mm < Mu lim.

= 4 × (300+300) = 2400 mm
= 2400 × 300

0.198 [(1800×1800)−(300×300)]
=
2400 × 300
= 0.86 N/mm2
Mu = 100.23 × 106 N-mm
Ast fy
Mu = 0.87 × fy × Ast × d [1 − ]
bd fck
A 415
100.23 × 106 = 0.87 × 415 × Ast × 310 [1 − (2000×310
st
)
]
20
Ast = 960 mm2
Using 12 mm bars.
𝜋⁄ ×122 ×1800
4
𝑆𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔 = = 211.95 mm
960
Ast Provided = 1017.36 mm2 Provide 12 mm bars @ 200 mm c/c.


LOAD ON COLUMN C4:
Self weight of wall (3m span) = 3 × 0.22 × 1.85 × 19.5
= 23.80 KN
Self weight of beam = 25 × 0.25 × 0.30 × 3
= 5.625 KN
Self weight of column = 25 × 0.25 × 0.3 × 2.15
= 4.03 KN
Total load on column = 33.45KN
Pu = 50.18 KN
Size of column = 250 × 300
Ag = 75000 mm4
Pu = 0.46fck Ac + 0.67fy Asc

𝑃 𝑃
50.18 × 103 = 0.4 × 20 × 𝐴𝑔 (1 − ) + 0.67 × 415 × × 𝐴𝑔
100 100
50.18 × 103 = 600000 - 6000p + 208537.5p
P = 0.37 %
We provide min. reinforcement of 0.8 %
50.18 × 103 = (7.93+2.22) Ag
Ag = 49431mm2
Asc = (0.8×49431)/10 = 395mm2
Provide 6 bars of 10mm
Ast provided = 471mm2

d. ø/4 = 10/4 = 2.5 mm Use 6 mm Ties
j. Least lateral dimension = 300 mm

k. 16 × ø = 16 × 10 = 160 mm
l. 300 mm
LOAD ON FOOTING F4:
P = 50.18 KN
Self weight of footing = 50.18/10 = 5.018 KN
Total load = 55.198 KN
S.B.C. = 100 KN/m2
Area of footing A = 55.198/100 = 0.55 m2
L=B=0.74m
We provided footing of 0.8×0.8 m
1.5 × 55.98
𝑞𝑢 = = 129.37 𝐾𝑁/𝑚2
0.8 × 0.8
VU = 103.49 × (250 - d)


τc bd = Vu : 0.32 × 800 × d = 103.49 × (250 - d)
d = 72 mm ~ 80 mm
Check for Bending:

= 0.138×20×800×802 = 14.13 × 106 N-mm
Mu = qu (B – b)2 /8 × B
= 0.129(800-80)2/8 × 800 = 6.687 × 106 N-mm < Mu lim.

Perimeter of critical section = 4 × (b + d) = 1320 mm
Area of critical section = 1320 × d = 1320 × 80

0.129 [(800×800)−(80×80)]
= = 0.774 N/mm2
1320 × 80
Max. Shear stress permitted = 0.25√fck = 0.25√20 = 1.118 N/mm2
Mu = 6.687 × 106 N-mm
Ast fy
Mu = 0.87 × fy × Ast × d [1 − ]
bd fck
A 415
6.687 × 106 = 0.87 × 415 × Ast × 80 [1 − (800×80
st
)
]
20
Ast = 251.7 mm2 Using 12 mm bars.

𝜋⁄ ×102 ×800
4
𝑆𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑛𝑔 = = 249 mm ~ 220 mm
251.7
Provide 10 mm bars @ 220 mm c/c Ast provided = 285.45 mm2


DESIGN OF STEP FOOTING OF STACK
Thickness of wall = 0.30 m
Height of wall =1m
Unit weight of masonary = 19.5 KN/m2
Density of soil = 16 KN/m3
Angle of repose =300
Soil bearing capacity = 100 KN/m2
Modulus of rupture = 160 KN/m2
=19.5 × 1 × 0.30
=5.85 KN/m
Weight of concrete slab = 25 × 0.20 × 0.30
=1.5 KN/m
Super imposed load = 8.07 KN/m
Total weight of foundation = 8.07 + 1.5 + 5.85
= 15.42 KN/m
Weight of foundation: 10% of total weight
= (15.42 × 10)/100
= 1.542 KN/m
Total weight on soil = 15.42 + 1.542 = 16.96 KN/m

Width of foundation = Total weight/s.b.c.
= 16.96/100
= 0.1696 m
𝑤 1−sin ∅
Depth of foundation = ×(1+sin ∅) 2
𝑎×𝜌
16.96 1−sin 30
= .1696×16 × (1+sin 30)2
= 6.25 × 0.1111
= 0.695 m
So we assume,
Width of foundation = 0.8 m
Depth of foundation = 0.75 m
Depth of concrete slab:
3𝑞
D = 𝛼 × √𝑀
15 3×16.96
= 100 × √160×0.75×0.80
= 0.109 m ≈ 0.15 m or 15 cm.

ESTIMATION
Quantity
S. Particular of items Length Breadth Height (in cu.
no. & details of works No. (in m) (in m) (in m) m) Explanatory notes
Earthwork in
excavation in
1 foundation:
L = 31.66 m because
30 cm walls of stack 20 31.66 0.8 0.75 379.92 No. of junction = 0
For longer span
column footing (C1) 16 2 2 2.5 160
For shorter span
column footing (C2) 8 2.2 2.2 2.5 96.8
For end column
footing (C3) 4 1.8 1.8 2.5 32.4
30 cm wall of office 1 31.66 0.8 0.75 18.996
30 cm walls of outer L = 182.12 m because
slab 1 182.12 0.8 0.75 109.272 No. of junction = 0
For columns of
boundary walls 40 0.8 0.8 0.8 20.48
Total 817.86
Brick work in whole

2 structure
Brick work in
boundary wall:
L = 74.7 - 4.88 (16-
column of size
Longer span 2 69.82 0.2 1.82 53.37 0.3×0.3)
L = 51.28 - 2.74 (9-
Shorter span 1 48.48 0.2 1.82 18.53 column)
L = 51.28 - 9.14 (gate
length) - 2.44 (8-
Second shorter span 1 39.7 0.2 1.82 15.17 column)
Total 87.057

Brick work in
Warehouse wall:
L = 54.86 - 3.04 (10-
Longer span 2 51.82 0.3 4.88 154.26 column of size 0.3×0.3)
Ht = 5.49 - 0.61 (2-
Beams)
Deduction:
Shutter in one span
both sides 14 2.44 0.3 2.44 25.405
Ventilation in both
sides 12 0.61 0.3 0.61 1.36
Windows in both span 12 0.61 0.3 0.61 1.36
Net brick work in

longer span 126.05
L = 29.95 - 1.83 (6-

Shorter span 2 28.14 0.3 4.88 83.71 column of size 0.3 × 0.3)
Ht = 5.49 - 0.61 (2-
columns of size 0.3 × 0.3)
Deduction:
Doors 4 0.96 0.3 2.13 2.49
Shutter 1 2.44 0.3 2.44 1.82
Window 1 0.914 0.3 0.914 0.26
Net brick work 79.14
Brick work in stack:

L = Total center line
length of 0.30m wall =
1st footing 20 31.66 0.5 0.2 63.32 31.66 m
2nd footing 20 31.66 0.4 0.2 50.64 No. of stacks = 20
Plinth wall 20 31.66 0.3 1.2 227.94
Total Brick work in

stack 341.9

Brick work in office

H= 3.65 above plinth
1st footing 31.66 0.5 0.2 3.166 wall
Total height of 0.30m
wide wall = 3.65 + 0.2
2nd footing 31.66 0.4 0.2 2.532 =3.85 m
Plinth wall 31.66 0.3 3.85 36.56
Deduction:
Door 1 1.12 0.3 2.13 0.72
Window 1 0.91 0.91 0.3 0.25
Net brick work 41.3
Brick work in gabble Area = 30 × 5/2 = 75,
wall: 45 Volume = 75 × 0.3 = 45
Brick work under the
outer slab of
warehouse:
Longer span = 56.38 m,
1st footing 146.38 0.5 0.2 14.6387 Shorter span = 33.02 m
Long span = 56.38 + 0.15
= 56.53 m, Shorter span
2nd footing 146.38 0.4 0.2 11.71 = 33.02 + 0.3 = 33.32 m
Total length = (2 × 56.53)
Plinth wall 146.38 0.3 1.2 52.696 + 33.32 = 146.38m
Total brick work in
stack 79.04
3 Calculation of P.C.C.
L= Total center line
P.C.C. in stack 21 31.66 0.8 0.1 53.19 length = 31.66m
P.C.C. in column
footing of warehouse
& boundary wall
Warehouse column:
C1 16 2 2 0.1 6.4
C2 8 2.2 2.2 0.1 3.872
C3 4 1.8 1.8 0.1 1.296
Total 11.568
boundary wall column 40 0.8 0.8 0.1 2.56
Total P.C.C. in column
footing 14.3

P.C.C. under the

footing of outer slab 146.38 0.8 0.1 11.71
Total area = 448.39,

P.C.C. in the passage 0.1 44.83 Volume = 448.39 × 0.1
Total P.C.C. in
warehouse 124.08
Calculation of cement
concrete in wall
4 footing
C.C. under the footing

of outer of stacks & L = Total c/c length of
office 21 31.66 0.8 0.15 79.8 one stack
C.C. under the footing L= Total c/c length of

of outer slab 146.38 0.8 0.15 17.56 wall = 146.38m
C.C. over 0.10 m

P.C.C. in the passage:
Large span passage

area:
A1 2 54.864 0.33 0.15 5.43
A2 2 54.864 0.61 0.15 10.04
Shorter span passage

area:
A3 8 27.43 1.52 0.15 50.03
C.C. on the floor of

office over the D.P.C. 9.14 6.1 0.05 2.8
Total C.C. in whole

structure 165.63

Calculation of R.C.C.
5 in whole structure
R.C.C. in footing of
boundary columns 40 0.9 0.9 0.2 6.48
R.C.C. in footing of
warehouse columns:
Footing of C1 16 2 2 0.31 19.84
Footing of C2 8 2.2 2.2 0.37 14.32
Footing of C3 4 1.8 1.8 0.3 3.89
R.C.C. in columns of
warehouse:
Column C1 16 0.3 0.3 7.67 11.044
Column C2 8 0.3 0.3 7.61 5.479
Column C3 4 0.3 0.3 7.68 2.764
R.C.C. in columns of L = 1.85 + 0.8 - 0.08 =

boundary wall 40 0.25 0.3 2.57 7.71 2.57
R.C.C. in slab of stack 20 9.14 6.1 0.2 223.01
R.C.C. in slab of office 1 9.14 6.1 0.1 5.6
R.C.C. in outer slab of

warehouse:
Longer span 2 56.39 1.524 0.2 34.37
Shorter span 1 29.97 1.524 0.2 9.134
R.C.C. in beams:
Beam 1 (for longer
span) 18 6 0.3 0.3 9.72 9 - beams in one side
Beam 1 (for shorter
span) 10 5.94 0.3 0.3 5.35 5 - beams in one side
Beam 2 (for longer

span) 18 6 0.3 0.3 9.72
Beam 2 (for shorter
span) 10 5.94 0.3 0.3 5.35

Beam 3 (Top beam of

longer side) 18 6 0.3 0.3 9.72
Beam 4 (Top 1st & 5th 4 - in both top beams of

of shorter span 4 5.94 0.3 0.3 2.031 shorter side
Beam 5 (Top 2nd &

4th beam of shorter
span) 4 5.94 0.3 0.3 2.031
Beam 6 (Top centre 2 - in both top center

beam of shorter span) 2 5.94 0.3 0.3 1.069 beam of shorter side
32 - in both longer &

Beam 7 (a) 32 6 0.3 0.3 17.28 shorter side
Beam 7 (b) 2 4.57 0.3 0.3 0.823
Beam 7 (c) 2 5.18 0.3 0.3 0.932
Beam 7 (d) 2 5.832 0.3 0.3 1.05
Beam 7 (e) 1 3.35 0.3 0.3 0.302
Total R.C.C. work in
beam 7 20.675

beams 65.378

whole structure 404.705
6 REINFORCEMENT
19.041
In beam 1 15.066 1.61% 78.5 Qt. 1.61% of total volume 1
19.041
In beam 2 15.066 1.61% 78.5 Qt. 1.61% of total volume 2
In beam 3 9.72 0.30% 78.5 2.289 Qt. 0.30% of total volume 3
55.388
Total Qt. Or 5538.8≈5539 Kg.

7 PLASTERING
898.73
Boundary wall 485.8 1.85 Sq.m. (74.67×4)+(51.30×2)+(42.26×2)=485.8
Ware house 1860.13
wall 339.44 5.48 Sq.m. (54.86×4)+(30×4)=339.44
Deduction
Total area of 89.23
shutter 15 2.43 2.43 Sq.m.
Total area of 4.46
window w1 12 0.6 0.6 Sq.m.
Total area of 4.46
ventilation 12 0.6 0.6 Sq.m.
Total area of 10.08
door 4 1.2 2.1 Sq.m.
Total area of 0.83
window w2 0.91 0.91 Sq.m.
109.06
Total deduction Sq.m.
Area of gable 300
wall Sq.m. 2×(1/2×15×5)×4
Total area of
plastering in 300
ware house wall Sq.m.
Outer wall of
ware house
112.76
Long wall 2 56.38 m 56.38×2
Short wall of
back side 33.02 33.02 m
Short wall of
front side 3.04 m
Total length of 148.82
wall m 112.76+33.02+3.04
Total area of 148.82
wall 148.82 1 Sq.m.

Plastering in office
Shorter span 6 6.1 36.6 m 6.1×3×2

Longer span 4 9.15 36.6 m 9.15×2×2
Toilet long wall 2 2.13 4.26 m 2.13×2
Short wall 2 1.21 2.42 m 1.21×2
Office long wall 2 3.04 6.08 m 3.04×2
Short wall 2 3.04 6.08 m 3.04×2
Total length 92.08 92.08 m 36.6×2+2.42+4.26+6.08×2
Total height 3.66 3.66 m
337.01
Total plaster Sq.m. 3.66×92.08
Deduction
10.08
Door 4 1.2 2.1 Sq.m. (1.2×2.1)×4
0.82
Window 1 0.91 0.91 Sq.m. (0.91×0.91) × 1
0.405
Ventilator 2 0.45 0.45 Sq.m. (0.45×0.45) × 2
325.69
Net plaster Sq.m. 337-10.08-0.82
8 MURRUM FILLING
In stacks 20 9.2 6.1 1
1116.30
Total volume Cu.m. (9.15×6.1×1) × 20
132.76
in outer slab 2 54.86 1.21 1 Cu.m. (54.86×1×1.21) × 2
39.954
Shorter span 33.02 1.21 1 Cu.m. 33.02×1.21×1
1289.06
Total Murrum Filling Cu.m. 40+132.76+1116.30

9 FINE AGGREGATE
Thickness 0.5
Longer span 2 74.67 9.15 0.05
68.32
Total volume Cu.m. (74.67×9.15×0.05) × 2
27.45
Shorter span 2 30 9.15 0.05 Cu.m. (309×150×0.05) × 2
95.77
Total fine aggregate Cu.m. 68.32+27.45
CALCULATION OF
10 TRUSS
7200 Wt. Of Half Truss= 7200

Wt. of One Truss 2 Kg. 14400 Kg Kg.
14400 115200
Total Wt. Of Truss 8 Kg. Kg Or 1152 Qt.
CALCULATION OF
11 ROOF SHEETS
Total Area of Roof 1760

Sheets 2 55 m. 16 m. Sq.m. No. Of Inclined Faces= 2
4.46
Area of One Sheet 1 3.65m. 1.22m. Sq.m.
1760/ Total Area/ Area of One
Number of Sheets 4.46 395 Sheet
10% area of sheets
get increased due to 395 ×
overlapping 10/100 39.5≈40
Total No. Of Sheets 435

FINAL COST
Item
No. Description Or Particulars Quantity Unit Rate Amount
Excavation in all type of soil up to required
depth for column, footing including
1 throwing off the soil 817.86 Cu.m. 181 ₹ 148,031
Providing brick masonary in First class open

bhatta good quality brick working 1:6
2 Cement Mortar 799.487 Cu.m. 3200 ₹ 2,558,358
Providing and laying at site 0.10 m thick

plain cement concrete 1:4:8 Including
3 formwork 124.08 Cu.m. 2800 ₹ 347,200
Providing and Laying at site 0.15 m thick

cement concrete 1:1.5:3 (M-20) Including
4 formwork 165.63 Cu.m. 4905 ₹ 812,415
Providing and placing reinforced cement

concrete M-20 for column, beams, slabs
and other structural members, including
formwork, compacting & curing without
5 reinforcement 404.705 Cu.m. 5095 ₹ 2,061,971
Providing and placing reinforcement with

6 binding wire and cutting as per drawing 5538.8 Kg. 46 ₹ 254,784
Providing and laying plaster work over all

masonary and RCC work 20mm thick in 1:4
CM including scaffolding ,curing Inner
7 Plaster 3424.31 Sq.m. 140 ₹ 479,403

8 Providing Murrum filling below Stacks Slab 1290 Cu.m. 600 ₹ 774,000
Providing fine Aggregate On Road around

9 Warehouse 96 Cu.m. 1100 ₹ 105,600
Providing Truss structure Below the Steel

10 Sheets, Rates including with labour 115200 Kg. 64 ₹ 7,372,800
11 Providing Steel Sheets as Roof of Truss 435 No. 850 ₹ 369,750
Provide Semosum on Boundary wall, Outer

wall of Ware-House and Acrylic Distemper
12 on Office Room & Guard's Room ₹ 90,000
Total :- ₹ 15,374,312
Add 2.5 % for electrical, water charges and

13 choukidar etc. ₹ 384,357
Net
Total :- ₹ 15,758,669
Say as:- ₹ 15,759,000
Add 15 % of Total Cost for Contractor's

14 Profit ₹ 2,363,850
GRAND
TOTAL:- ₹ 18,121,850
Say as:- ₹ 18,122,000

CONCLUSION
 The Rate of Construction of Warehouse is Rs. 1030 per Sq. Ft2.
 The design of R.C.C. structured is done by Limit State Theory.
 All the slabs are designed as two way Slabs, by the method
provided by IS 456: 2000.
 It is evident that load in a slab below office is so less, that slab

were safe in all aspects with the minimum reinforcement as
per IS 456: 2000.
 The Reinforcement is 1.61 % in slab below Stacks.
 Beams are designed individually as fixed beams with doubly

and singly reinforced of 300 mm × 300 mm.
 Columns are designed as Axially Loaded Short Column of

dimension 300 mm × 300 mm.
 Isolated footing was provided of maximum size 2.2 m × 2.2 m

and safe bearing capacity of soil is 150 KN/m2.

REFERENCES
 Requirement, Market Potentiality and Assumptions for

warehouse is referred by Food Corporation of India and
Madhya Pradesh Warehouse Corporation
 IS 456:2000 Indian Standard Code of practice for Plain &

Reinforced Concrete
 SP 16 Indian Standard Codes of Design Aids for Reinforced

Concrete
 SP 38 Hand book of Typified Designs for Structures with Steel

Roof Truss
 IS 875:1987 Code of practice for Design of Load for Building &

Structure (Part 1 – Dead Load, Part 2 – Imposed Load and Part
3 – Wind Load)
 IS 4082:1996 Stacking and Storage of Construction Materials

and Components at Site
 R.C.C. Theory & Design: S.S. Bhavikatti – New Age International

Publishers
 Design of Steel Structure: Dr. B.C. Punmia, Ashok Kumar Jain,

Arun Kumar Jain – Laxmi Publishing Company
 Estimation and Costing: Dr. B.N. Dutta – UBS Publisher and

Distributers Pvt. Ltd.
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Planning, Design and Estimation of a Warehouse

Technical Report · April 2013

Ankit Gupta Archit Jain

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PLANNING, DESIGN AND ESTIMATION OF A

ANKIT GUPTA | ARCHIT JAIN | ANUP JAIN

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

https://amity.academia.edu/AnkitGupta AMITY UNIVERSITY | NOIDA | +91 94 25 758922

S. No. Title Page No.

https://amity.academia.edu/AnkitGupta AMITY UNIVERSITY | NOIDA | +91 94 25 758922

This plan proposes to provide Warehouse facility for

The proposed unit envisages providing facility in the

The unit will get registered with M.P. Warehousing

1. Location : Village Sanwer, Distt. Indore, M.P.

https://amity.academia.edu/AnkitGupta AMITY UNIVERSITY | NOIDA | +91 94 25 758922

When calculating storage requirements, only 70 per

Moreover, it should be noted that it is either

FOR 150 TONNES OF GRAIN WITH HEIGHT OF 15 BAGS

LENGTH × BREADTH × (HEIGHT - 1M) × 70% = APPROX CAPACITY OF

(1)ONLY 70% OF SPACE IS USED FOR STORAGE OF GRAINS

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REQUIREMENT OF WARE HOUSE

In view of the shortage of storage capacity

On 1.3.2012, the Central Pool stock reached all time

In 2012-13, Food Secretaries have given an estimate

If CWC & SWCs are not able to give the capacity

https://amity.academia.edu/AnkitGupta AMITY UNIVERSITY | NOIDA | +91 94 25 758922

Some valid reasons for holding stock include the following:

To cover demand during supplier’s lead-time.

To enable savings to be made through bulk purchases or discounts.

To cope with seasonal fluctuations.

To provide a variety of product in a centralized location.

The build up/holding of anticipation stocks.

The build-up and holding of investment stocks.

In addition we may also use warehouses to

Large amount of grains every year spoils due

https://amity.academia.edu/AnkitGupta AMITY UNIVERSITY | NOIDA | +91 94 25 758922

Isolated foundation is provided below each column

Plinth beam is provided parallel to the base slab, 1m

Span of truss is 30 m with 5 m ht. Minimum 1 m of

https://amity.academia.edu/AnkitGupta AMITY UNIVERSITY | NOIDA | +91 94 25 758922

Indian economy is solely based on agriculture; in India

Our storage techniques have been turning from

Village Sanwer and its adjoining areas are well known

The warehousing facilities have continued demand all

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The cost of storing and profitability of the project for

The various assumptions made for the calculation of

1. The unit will work for all 365 days.

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https://amity.academia.edu/AnkitGupta AMITY UNIVERSITY | NOIDA | +91 94 25 758922

https://amity.academia.edu/AnkitGupta AMITY UNIVERSITY | NOIDA | +91 94 25 758922

Roof of truss span =30 m

Height of column =5.48 m

Type of truss =A-Type

Rise =5m; Pitch of truss =1/6

Basic wind pressure =86.7 kg/m2

Length of top chord =√ (5)2+ (15)2 =15.81 m

Divide the length of span in 11 equal panels

Length of each panel =15.81/11 =1.43 m