Name Symbol Definition Picture

Resistor A resistor is an
electronic
component that
impedes the flow
of electric current
in a circuit,
typically
constructed with
materials like
carbon or metal,
used to control
voltage and
current levels.

Battery A battery is a
device that stores
chemical energy
and converts it into
electrical energy
through
electrochemical
reactions,
supplying power to
electronic devices
or systems. It
typically consists
of one or more
electrochemical
cells, each
containing positive
and negative
terminals.

LED An LED (Light

Emitting Diode) is
a semiconductor
device that emits
light when an
electric current
passes through it,
offering efficient
illumination with
low power
consumption and
longer lifespan
compared to
traditional light
 sources. LEDs are
widely used in
various
applications
including lighting,
displays,
indicators, and
signage.

Wire A wire is a slender,

flexible strand or
rod made of metal,
usually copper or
aluminum, used to
conduct electricity
or transmit signals
within electrical
circuits or
systems. Wires
are essential
components in
electronics,
telecommunication
s, and power
distribution
networks.

Switch A switch is a
mechanical or
electronic device
that controls the
flow of electricity
within a circuit by
allowing or
interrupting the
current path. It can
be manually
operated or
automated and is
commonly used to
turn devices or
circuits on and off.
Variable resistor A variable resistor,
also known as a
potentiometer or
rheostat, is an
electrical
component with an
adjustable
resistance level,
allowing for
precise control
over the amount of
resistance in a
circuit. It enables
users to vary the
flow of current or
adjust voltage
levels within a
circuit according to
specific
requirements.

Buzzer A buzzer is an
electromechanical
device that
produces sound
when an electrical
current passes
through it, typically
through the
vibration of a
membrane or
diaphragm. It is
commonly used in
electronic circuits,
alarms, and
notification
systems to provide
audible alerts or
signals.

Ground Ground, in
electrical
engineering,
serves as a
reference point for
electrical circuits,
typically
connected to the
Earth's surface. It
provides a
 common return
path for electric
current and helps
stabilize voltages
in systems,
ensuring safety,
proper functioning,
and noise
reduction in
electronic circuits.

Capacitor A capacitor is an
electronic
component that
stores electrical
energy in an
electric field
between two
conductive plates
separated by an
insulating material
called a dielectric.
It is commonly
used in electronic
circuits to store
and release
energy, filter
signals, block DC
(direct current)
while allowing AC
(alternating
current) to pass,
and stabilize
voltage levels.

Lamp A lamp is a device

that produces light
by converting
electrical energy
into luminous
energy through
various means
such as
incandescence,
fluorescence, or
LED illumination.
Lamps are used
for lighting
purposes in
homes, offices,
 outdoor spaces,
and various
industrial
applications,
providing
illumination for
visibility, safety,
and ambiance.

Ammeter An ammeter is an
electrical
instrument used to
measure the
electric current in
a circuit. It is
connected in
series with the
circuit, allowing it
to measure the
flow of electrons
through the circuit
components.
Ammeters typically
have a low
resistance to
minimize the
disturbance of the
circuit being
measured.

Voltmeter A voltmeter is an
electrical
instrument used to
measure the
voltage or
potential difference
between two
points in an
electrical circuit. It
is connected in
parallel with the
component or
section of the
circuit being
measured,
providing a
reading of the
voltage across that
particular part.
Voltmeters are
designed to have
a very high
resistance to
minimize the flow
of current through
the circuit being
measured,
ensuring accurate
voltage readings
without altering the
circuit's behavior.