Year 8 Chemistry

Topics:

1) The Particle Theory

2) Elements and Atoms
3) Separating Mixtures
4) Metals and Non-Metals

Part A: Circle the correct answer.

1. The particles in matter cannot be seen with the naked eye because they are
______________.
a. too small
b. vibrating
c. moving randomly
d. moving freely

2. Which of the following actions will increase the rate at which atoms in a piece of
copper wire vibrate?
a. hitting the wire with hammer
b. heating the wire
c. stretching the wire
d. stroking the wire with a magnet

3. A bridge can withstand heavy loads without giving way. This goes to show that
the bridge is ____________.
a. dense
b. flexible
c. hard
d. strong

4. A drop of liquid bromine is placed at the bottom of a gas jar. Brown fumes of

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 bromine vapour slowly spread through the whole gas jar.
Why does this happen?
a. Bromine is less dense than air
b. Bromine molecules are smaller than the air particles.
c. Bromine molecules move faster than air particles.
d. Bromine molecules and air particles are always moving around.

5. The compound calcium carbonate is represented by

Which of the following statements about calcium carbonate molecule are true?
(I) The molecule contains three elements.
(II) The molecule contains three oxygen molecules.
(III There are five atoms in the molecule.
)
(IV) The elements present in this molecule are calcium, carbon and
oxygen.
a. I and II
b. III and IV
c. I, III and IV
d. I, II and III

6. What happens to the atoms of matter when a chemical reaction takes place?
a. The atoms move faster and further apart
b. New atoms are created to form new substances.
c. Some of the atoms are destroyed to form new molecules.
d. The atoms rearrange themselves to form new molecules.

7. You are given a mixture of iron fillings, sand and sugar. Which of the following

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 sets of apparatus can help you separate the three substances?
a. Magnet, separating funnel and evaporating dish.
b. Magnet, funnel with filter paper and evaporating dish.
c. Beaker, funnel with filter paper and evaporating dish.
d. Magnet, beaker and evaporating dish.

8. Porcelain chips are added to the mixture of liquids in a distillate flask to _______.
a. cool the vapours leaving the flask
b. remove the impurities present in a solution
c. ensure the smooth boiling of the mixture
d. help the liquid to evaporate quickly

9. Refer to the figure above. What is the part labelled P?

a. filter paper
b. filtrate
c. residue
d. funnel

10. Refer to the figure above. The substance labelled S is called the _________.
a. filter
b. filtrate
c. residue

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 d. distillate

Part B: Answer all questions in the space provided.

1 Liquid L was heated in a beaker for 20 minutes. A line graph of the changes in
. temperature against time was drawn, as shown below.

(a) Name the process which has caused a change in the state of matter.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(b) What is point X called?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(c) Suggest why the temperature remained constant between point M and
N.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(d) Label on the other two segments of the graph, the state(s) that L exists
as.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2 Oxygen is an element. Water is a compound. Air is a mixture.

Use these substances to illustrate the following.
(a) One difference between the composition of an element and the

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 composition of a compound.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(b) One difference between the composition of a mixture and the

composition of a compound.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(c) One difference between the separation of a mixture and the separation
of a compound.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3 Book trolleys are made of steel so as to carry large amounts of books. As a

. result, they are usually heavy to push.
(a) Which physical property of steel makes the book trolleys heavy?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(b) Which physical property of steel makes the book trolleys able to carry
large amount of books?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4 State three differences between metals and non-metals.

.
(i) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(iii) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………