Academic Week 2: (Sept 27 – Oct 1)

MATHA43 Course Outcome 1

• Definition of Differential Equation
• Elimination of Arbitrary Constants
• Families of Curves
• Solutions of First-Order Ordinary Differential Equation:
• Separable Differential Equations

MATHA43 Course Outcome 2

• Homogeneous Differential Equations
• Linear Differential Equations
• Exact Differential Equations

MATHA43 Differential Equations

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27/09/2021 1
 Definition of Differential Equations

The construction of mathematical models to approximate real-world

problems has been one of the most important aspects of the
theoretical development of each of the branches of science. It is often
the case that these mathematical models involve an equation in
which a function and its derivatives play important roles. Such
equations are called differential equations. In a differential equation,
a derivative may be involved implicitly through the presence of
differentials.

Order – the highest-ordered derivative appearing in the equation.

Degree – the power of highest-ordered derivative.

MATHA43 Differential Equations

michelangelo.sucaldito@gsfe.tupcavite.edu.ph
27/09/2021 2
 For each of the following, state whether the
equation is ordinary or partial, linear or nonlinear,
its order and degree.

𝑑2𝑥
1. 𝑑𝑡 2 + 𝑘 2 𝑥 = 0

2. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 0

3. 𝑦 ′′′ − 3𝑦 ′ + 2𝑦 = 0
2 2 2
4. 𝜕 𝑢 + 𝜕 𝑢 + 𝜕 𝑢 = 0
𝜕𝑥 2 𝜕𝑦 2 𝜕𝑧 2

MATHA43 Differential Equations

michelangelo.sucaldito@gsfe.tupcavite.edu.ph
27/09/2021 3
 For each of the following, state whether the
equation is ordinary or partial, linear or nonlinear,
its order and degree.

𝑑2𝑦 𝑑2𝑥
5. 𝑥 𝑑𝑡 2 − 𝑦 𝑑𝑡 2 = 𝑐1

6. 𝑥 + 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 3𝑥 2 − 1 𝑑𝑦 = 0
2 4
𝑑3𝑤 𝑑𝑤
7. −2 + 𝑦𝑤 = 0
𝑑𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥
8. 𝑦 ′′ + 2𝑦 ′ − 8𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + cos 𝑥

MATHA43 Differential Equations

michelangelo.sucaldito@gsfe.tupcavite.edu.ph
27/09/2021 4
 For each of the following, state whether the
equation is ordinary or partial, linear or nonlinear,
its order and degree.

𝜕2𝑤 𝜕 2𝑤
9. 𝜕𝑡 2 = 𝑎2 𝜕 2 𝑥

10. 𝑦 ′ + 𝑃 𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑄(𝑥)

11. 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥
′′

𝑑𝑖
12. 𝐿 + 𝑅𝑖 = 𝐸
𝑑𝑡

MATHA43 Differential Equations

michelangelo.sucaldito@gsfe.tupcavite.edu.ph
27/09/2021 5