Department of Education

Division of Negros Occidental

NEGROS OCCIDENTAL HIGH SCHOOL
Mathematics Department

Mathematics 9
Learning Activity Sheets #6
2nd QUARTER – WEEK 4

1
Written by:
MARY CLAIRE M. ARMIGOS, NOHS 12/2020
I. LEARNING COMPETENCY:
Performing Operations on Radical Expressions
(M9AL-IIh-1)

II. BACKGROUND
Just like in polynomials, radical expressions can also be added,
subtracted, multiplied and even divided. These 4 operations can
be accomplished by using the laws/rules of radicals and the
simplification laws.
It is important to recall the previous lessons on the ff.:
➢ Parts of radical expressions (index, radicand, coefficient)
➢ Conditions of simplifying radical expressions and
rationalization

Similar Radicals – radicals that have the same index and same
radicand. Otherwise, they are dissimilar.

Similar Radicals Dissimilar Radicals

√3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 5√3 √3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 3√5

4 4 4 3
3 √2𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 10 √2𝑥 3 √2𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 10 √2𝑥
3 3 3 3 3 3
2𝑥 √𝑎𝑏 , 3 √𝑎𝑏 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 2 √𝑎𝑏 2𝑥 √2𝑎𝑏 , 3 √3𝑎𝑏 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 2 √𝑎𝑏

1 3 1 33
3
√𝑚𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 4
√𝑚𝑛 3
√𝑚𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 4
√𝑚𝑛

2
Written by:
MARY CLAIRE M. ARMIGOS, NOHS 12/2020
Generic Equations on the Operations of Radical Expressions

Addition
𝒏 𝒏 𝒏
𝒄 √𝒂 + 𝒅 √𝒂 = (𝒄 + 𝒅) √𝒂

• Add the coefficients

• Copy the common radical

Subtraction
𝒏 𝒏 𝒏
𝒄 √𝒂 − 𝒅 √𝒂 = (𝒄 − 𝒅) √𝒂

• Subtract the coefficients

• Copy the common radical

Note: Some problems may not start with the same radicand
but the terms can be combined after simplifying one or both
expressions.
• Simplify the expressions to become similar
radicals
• Perform the indicated operation either addition
or subtraction

Multiplication
✓ Same Indices
𝒏 𝒏 𝒏
𝒄 √𝒂 ∙ 𝒅 √𝒃 = 𝒄𝒅 √𝒂𝒃

• Multiply the coefficients

• Multiply the radicands
• Simplify, if possible

3
Written by:
MARY CLAIRE M. ARMIGOS, NOHS 12/2020
 ✓ Different Indices
𝒏 𝒎
𝒄 √𝒂 ∙ 𝒅 √𝒃

• Transform radicals to exponential form

• Make the fractional exponents similar
• Transform the expression with similar fractional
exponents into radicals
• Follow the multiplication rule in radicals of the
same indices
Division
✓ Same Indices
𝒏
𝒄 √𝒂 𝒄 𝒏 𝒂
𝒏 = 𝒅 √𝒃 where 𝑑 ≠ 0 & 𝑏 ≠ 0
𝒅 √𝒃

• Divide the coefficients

• Divide the radicands
• Simplify, if possible
Note: When the radicand in the numerator is not divisible by
the radicand in the denominator, rationalize the denominator by
multiplication.

✓ Different Indices
𝒏
𝒄 √𝒂
𝒎 where 𝑑 ≠ 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏 ≠ 0
𝒅 √𝒃

• Transform radicals to exponential form

• Make the fractional exponents similar
• Transform the expression with similar fractional
exponents into radicals
• Follow the division rules in radicals of the same
indices
4
Written by:
MARY CLAIRE M. ARMIGOS, NOHS 12/2020
 ✓ Binomial Denominator Containing Radicals

Conjugate Pair – binomial radicals with the same terms

but with different signs between them.

RADICAL CONJUGATE CONJUGATE PAIR

1 + √2 1 − √2 1 + √2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 1 − √2
2√6 − 3 2√6 + 3 2√6 − 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 2√6 + 3
√2 − √3 √2 + √3 √2 − √3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 √2 + √3

• Find the conjugate of the denominator

• Multiply the expression by an appropriate form
of 1 using the conjugate of the denominator
• Multiply the numerators and multiply the
denominators
• Simplify, if possible

III. REFERENCES AND RESOURCES

Mathematics 9 Learner’s Module Unit 1
Our World of Math – Math 9 , Vibal pp. 129-135
by Julieta G. Bernabe, et al. c 2014
E-Math Worktext in Mathematics 9 , Rex Book Store
pp. 168-186 by Orlando A. Oronce & Marilyn O. Mendoza
https://www.onlinemath4all.com/operations-with-
radicals.html
https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/operations-radical- .html
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-
algebra/chapter/radicals/

5
Written by:
MARY CLAIRE M. ARMIGOS, NOHS 12/2020
IV. ACTIVITY
Perform the indicated operation
Addition/Subtraction of Radicals
1) 3√2 + 4√2
3√2 + 4√2 = (3 + 4)√2 Add the coefficients. Copy the
common radical
= 𝟕 √𝟐 Simplify

2) 4𝑥 3√y + 7𝑥 3√y + 𝑥 3√𝑦

4𝑥 3√y + 7𝑥 3√y + 𝑥 3√𝑦 = (4𝑥 + 7𝑥 + 𝑥) 3√𝑦
= 𝟏𝟐𝒙 𝟑√𝒚

3) √32 + √18 + √50

= √16 ∙ 2 + √9 ∙ 2 + √25 ∙ 2 Simplify each radical into
similar radicals
= √16 √2 + √9 √2 + √25 √2
= 4 √2 + 3√2 + 5√2 Perform addition of radicals
= (4 + 3 + 5)√2
= 𝟏𝟐√𝟐
3 3
4) 10 √5 − 7 √5
3 3 3
10 √5 − 7 √5 = (10 − 7) √5 Subtract the coefficients.
Copy the common radical
𝟑
= 𝟑 √𝟓 Simplify
4 4
5) 3 √𝑎 − √𝑎
4 4 4
3 √𝑎 − √𝑎 = (3 − 1) √𝑎
𝟒
= 𝟐 √𝒂

Note: When a radical has no indicated coefficient, it is

understood that it has 1 as its coefficient.
6
Written by:
MARY CLAIRE M. ARMIGOS, NOHS 12/2020
6) 2𝑦 √28𝑥 3 − 3 √63𝑥 3 𝑦 2
= 2𝑦√4 ∙ 7 ∙ 𝑥 2 ∙ 𝑥 − 3√9 ∙ 7 ∙ 𝑥 2 ∙ 𝑥 ∙ 𝑦 2 Simplify each radical
into similar radicals
= 2𝑦√4√𝑥 2 √7𝑥 − 3√9√𝑥 2 √𝑦 2 √7𝑥
= 2𝑦 (2)(𝑥)√7𝑥 − 3 (3) (𝑥) (𝑦)√7𝑥
= 4𝑥𝑦 √7𝑥 − 9𝑥𝑦 √7𝑥
= (4𝑥𝑦 − 9𝑥𝑦) √7𝑥 Perform subtraction of radicals
= −𝟓𝒙𝒚 √𝟕𝒙 Simplify

5 5 5 5
7) √3 + 5 √3 − 2 √3 + 3 √3
5 5 5 5 5
√3 + 5 √3 − 2 √3 + 3 √3 = (1 + 5 − 2 + 3) √3
𝟓
= 𝟕 √𝟑

8) √3 + √45 − 2√5 + √48

= √3 + √9 ∙ 5 − 2√5 + √16 ∙ 3
= √3 + √9 √5 − 2√5 + √16 √3
= √3 + 3√5 − 2√5 + 4√3
= (1 + 4)√3 + (3 − 2)√5
= 𝟓 √𝟑 + √ 𝟓

Multiplication of Radicals

9) 4√2 ∙ 5√8
4√2 ∙ 5√8 = (4)(5)√(2)(8) Multiply the coefficients.
Multiply the radicands
= 20 √16
= 20 (4) Simplify
= 𝟖𝟎

7
Written by:
MARY CLAIRE M. ARMIGOS, NOHS 12/2020
 4 4
10) 2 √8𝑥 3 𝑦 2 ∙ √4𝑥 5 𝑦 7
4
= 2 √(8𝑥 3 𝑦 2 )(4𝑥 5 𝑦 7 ) Multiply the coefficients.
Multiply the radicands
4
= 2 √32 𝑥 3+5 𝑦 2+7
4
= 2 √32𝑥 8 𝑦 9 Simplify
4
= 2 √16 ∙ 2 ∙ 𝑥 4 ∙ 𝑥 4 ∙ 𝑦 4 ∙ 𝑦 4 ∙ 𝑦
4 4 4 4 4 4
= 2 √16 ∙ √2 ∙ √𝑥 4 ∙ √𝑥 4 ∙ √𝑦 4 ∙ √𝑦 4 ∙ 4√𝑦
4 4 4 4 4 4
= 2 √24 ∙ √2 ∙ √𝑥 4 ∙ √𝑥 4 ∙ √𝑦 4 ∙ √𝑦 4 ∙ 4√𝑦
4
= 2 ∙ 2 ∙ √2 ∙ 𝑥 ∙ 𝑥 ∙ 𝑦 ∙ 𝑦 ∙ 4√𝑦
= 𝟒𝒙𝟐 𝒚𝟐 𝟒√𝟐𝒚

11) √3𝑥 (√12𝑥 + 4)

√3𝑥 (√12𝑥 + 4)

= √3𝑥(√12𝑥) + (√3𝑥 )(4) Distributive Property

= √(3𝑥)(12𝑥) + 4√3𝑥 Multiplication rule of radicals
= √36𝑥 2 + 4√3𝑥 Simplify
= √36 ∙ √𝑥 2 + 4√3𝑥
= 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟒√𝟑𝒙

12) (√2 + 3)(√2 − 4)

F L F O I L
(√2 + 3)(√2 − 4) = √2√2 − 4√2 + 3√2 − 4(3) FOIL Method
I = √4 − 4√2 + 3√2 − 12
O
= 2 − 4√2 + 3√2 − 12 Combine similar
radicals/terms
8
Written by:
MARY CLAIRE M. ARMIGOS, NOHS 12/2020
 = (2 − 12) + (−4 + 3)√2
= −10 + (−√2)
= −𝟏𝟎 − √𝟐
3
13) √2 ∙ √2
1 1
3
√2 ∙ √ 2 = 2 ∙ 2 3 2 Transform radicals into exponential form
2 3
= 2 ∙2 6 Make the fractional exponents similar
6

Write the exponents with LCD of 6

6 6
= √22 ∙ √23 Transform the expression with similar
fractional exponents into radicals
6 6
= √4 ∙ √8 Multiplication rule in radicals of the
same indices
𝟔
= √𝟑𝟐 Simplify

3
14) √2 ∙ √3
1 1
3
√2 ∙ √3 = 2 ∙ 3 3 2
2 3
=2 ∙3 6 6
6 6
= √22 ∙ √33
6 6
= √4 ∙ √27
𝟔
= √𝟏𝟎𝟖

√63
15)
√7
√63 63
= √ Divide the radicands
√7 7
= √9 Simplify
= 𝟑

9
Written by:
MARY CLAIRE M. ARMIGOS, NOHS 12/2020
 7
16)
√5
7 7 √5
= ∙ Rationalize the expression
√5 √5 √5
7√ 5
= 25 Multiplication rule of radicals
√
7√ 5
= 5 Simplify

3
√5
17) 3
√2
3 3 3
√5 √5 √ 4
3 = 3 ∙3 Rationalize. Make the radicand of the
√2 √2 √ 4
denominator 8 which is a perfect cube
since the index is 3
3
√20
= 3 Multiplication rule of radical
√8
𝟑
√𝟐𝟎
= Simplify
𝟐

4√8𝑥 5
18)
2√2𝑥 2
4√8𝑥 5 4 8𝑥 5
= √ Divide the coefficients. Divide the radicands
2√2𝑥 2 2 2𝑥 2
= 2 √4𝑥 3 Simplify
= 2 √4 ∙ 𝑥 2 ∙ 𝑥
= 2 √4 √𝑥 2 √𝑥
= 2 ∙ 2 ∙ 𝑥 ∙ √𝑥
= 𝟒𝒙 √𝒙

10
Written by:
MARY CLAIRE M. ARMIGOS, NOHS 12/2020
 3
19)
√2+1
√𝟐 − 𝟏 The conjugate of the denominator √2 +1
3 3 √2−1
= ∙ Multiply the expression by an appropriate
√2+1 √2+1 √2−1
form of 1 using the conjugate the denominator

√2−1
Note: =1
√2−1
3(√2−1)
= (√2+1)(√2−1)
Multiply the numerators. Multiply
the denominators
3√2−3(1)
=(
√2)(√2)−1(√2)+1(√2)−1(1)
3√2−3
= Simplify
√4−√2+√2−1
3√2−3
= 2−1
3√2−3
= 1
= 𝟑√ 𝟐 − 𝟑

3+√5
20)
√3−√2
3+√5 3+√5 √3+√2
= ∙ 3+ 2
√3−√2 3−
√ √ 2 √ √
3(√3)+3(√2)+(√5)(√3)+(√5)(√2)
= (√3)(√3)+(√3)(√2)−(√2)(√3)−(√2)(√2)
3√3+3√2+√15+√10
=
√9+√6−√6−√4
3√3+3√2+√15+√10
=
3−2
11
Written by:
MARY CLAIRE M. ARMIGOS, NOHS 12/2020
 3√3+3√2+√15+√10
= 1
= 𝟑√𝟑 + 𝟑√𝟐 + √𝟏𝟓 + √𝟏𝟎

3
√3
21) 4
√3
1
3
√3 33
4 = 1 Transform radicals into exponential form
√3 34
4
312
= 3 Make the fractional exponents similar
312
12 4
√3
= 12 Transform the expression with similar
√33
fractional exponents into radicals
1234
= √ 3
3
12
= √34−3
𝟏𝟐
= √𝟑 Simplify

√2𝑥𝑦 2
22) 3
√8𝑥𝑦 3
1
√2𝑥𝑦 2 2
(2𝑥𝑦 )2
3 = 1 Transform into exponential form
√8𝑥𝑦 3 3
(8𝑥𝑦 )3
3
2
(2𝑥𝑦 )6
= 2 Make fractional exponents similar
(8𝑥𝑦 3 )6
6
√(2𝑥𝑦 2 )3
= 6 Transform the expression with
√(8𝑥𝑦 3 )2
similar fractional exponents into radicals
12
Written by:
MARY CLAIRE M. ARMIGOS, NOHS 12/2020
 6
√8𝑥 3 𝑦 6
= 6 Simplify
√64𝑥 2 𝑦6
6 𝑥 3−2 𝑦 6−6
= √
8
6 𝑥1𝑦0
= √
8
6 𝑥∙1
= √
8
6 𝑥
= √
8
6 6
√𝑥 √8
= 6 ∙6 Rationalize. Simplify
√ 8 √8
6
√8𝑥
= 6
√64
6
√8𝑥
= 6
√26
𝟔
√𝟖𝒙
= 𝟐

PRACTICE EXERCISES:
(For Study and Review Purposes. DO NOT SUBMIT THE ANSWERS)
(Answer key is provided on page 16)
Perform the indicated operations of the following radicals
1. 7√2 + 3√2 + √2
3 3
2. 3 √5 − 8 √5
3. √12 + √27 + √48
4. √𝑎3 𝑏 + √4𝑎3 𝑏 + 3𝑎√𝑎𝑏
5. √7 ∙ √7
6. √2 (√8 + √18)
13
Written by:
MARY CLAIRE M. ARMIGOS, NOHS 12/2020
 7. (√2 + 2)(√2 − 3)
8. (−4𝑥√𝑥 2 𝑦)(−3𝑦√𝑥 2 𝑦)
9. 4√𝑦 ∙ 5√𝑦
3
√32
10. 3
√4
11. 8√24 ÷ 16√6
3
12.
√3+√2
3
√4
13. 4
√2

V. ADDITIONAL ACTIVITY
(For Study and Review Purposes. DO NOT SUBMIT THE ANSWERS)
(Answer key is provided on page 16)
Direction: Choose the letter of the BEST answer.
1. What do you call an expression that is identical to a given
expression but only differs in the sign that connects the
binomial?
A. Index B. Conjugate C. Radical D. Similar
2. When can we say that radicals are similar?
A. When their indices are the same.
B. When their integral exponents are the same
C. When their indices and radicands are the same.
D.When their radicands are the same.
3. Which of the following is the conjugate of 2√7 − √5?
A. 2√7 + √5 C. 2√7 − √5
B. −2√7 + √5 D. −2√7 − √5
4. Which of the following pairs of radicals is similar?
3 4
A. √2𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 √2𝑥 C. 3𝑥√5 𝑎𝑛𝑑 3𝑥√2
5 5
B. √4𝑎𝑏 𝑎𝑛𝑑 √3𝑎𝑏 D. 2𝑥 2 𝑦√𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 3√𝑥

14
Written by:
MARY CLAIRE M. ARMIGOS, NOHS 12/2020
 3
24 √56
5. In simplifying the radical expression 3 , which of the
8 √7
following should be used?
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
A. 𝑐 √𝑎 + 𝑑 √𝑎 = (𝑐 + 𝑑) √𝑎
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
B. 𝑐 √𝑎 − 𝑑 √𝑎 = (𝑐 − 𝑑) √𝑎
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
C. 𝑐 √𝑎 ∙ 𝑑 √𝑏 = 𝑐𝑑 √𝑎𝑏
𝑛
𝑐 √𝑎 𝑐 𝑛𝑎
D. 𝑛 = √𝑏
𝑑 √𝑏 𝑑
6. Which is true in the expression of √4 + √3?
A. √7 C. 2√3
B. √12 D. 2 + √3
7. Which of the following is appropriate to use in simplifying the
expression 5√20 ∙ 3√8 ?
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
A. 𝑐 √𝑎 + 𝑑 √𝑎 = (𝑐 + 𝑑) √𝑎
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
B. 𝑐 √𝑎 − 𝑑 √𝑎 = (𝑐 − 𝑑) √𝑎
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
C. 𝑐 √𝑎 ∙ 𝑑 √𝑏 = 𝑐𝑑 √𝑎𝑏
𝑛
𝑐 √𝑎 𝑐 𝑛 𝑎
D. 𝑛 = 𝑑 √𝑏
𝑑 √𝑏
8. Which of the following is both a perfect square and a perfect cube
number?
A. 8 B. 16 C. 36 D. 64
5
9. In rationalizing 3 , what will you multiply to the radical?
√9
3 3
√3 √9 √3 √4
A. B. C. 3 D. 3
√3 √9 √3 √4
10. What is the difference of 17√5 − 15√5 ?
A. −2√10 B. −2√5 C. 2√5 D. 2√10
11. Find the product of √2𝑥 4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 √8𝑥 3 .
A. 16𝑥 √𝑥 B. 4𝑥 3 √𝑥 C. √16𝑥12 D. √4𝑥 3

15
Written by:
MARY CLAIRE M. ARMIGOS, NOHS 12/2020
 12. What is the simplified form of 2√20 − 3√45 + √5?
A. −5√5 B. −4√5 C. 5√5 D. 6√5
128𝑎9
3
13. What is the quotient of the expression √ ?
2𝑎3
A. 2𝑎 B. 4𝑎 C. 2𝑎2 D. 4𝑎2
3
14. Which of the following is the product of √𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 √2𝑥 ?
6 6 6 6
A. √8𝑥 5 B. √8𝑥 3 C. √𝑥 5 D. √𝑥 2
6√ 2
15. What is the simplified form of ?
2−√2
√2
A. 12√2 B. 6√2 C. 6 + 6√2 D. 2

VI. ANSWER KEY

Practice Exercises Additional Activity

1. 11√2 1. B 11. B
2. −5 √5
3 2. C 12. B
3. 9√3 3. A 13. D
4. D 14. A
4. 6𝑎 √𝑎𝑏
5. D 15. C
5. 7
6. D
6. 10
7. C
7. −4 − √2 8. D
8. 12𝑥 3 𝑦 2 9. C
20
9. √𝑦 9 10. C
10. 2
11. 1
12. 3√3 − 3√2
12
13. √32

16
Written by:
MARY CLAIRE M. ARMIGOS, NOHS 12/2020