"Exploring the Different Effects of Light-Emitting Diodes’ Colors on Soft White Spring

Wheats’ Development: A Comparative Study”

Submitted by:

Miranda, Altheia
Mugas, James C.
Seiton, Kclyde

Submitted to the Faculty of Bunsuran National High School

In Partial Fulfilment for the Requirement for the Grade 9 Science Technology and
Engineering
Introduction

Wheat is one of the major crops in the Philippines. One of the common kinds of wheat in
the Philippines is Soft White Spring Wheat. Wheat is a vital source of food for millions of people
around the country. The production of high-quality wheat is essential for food security and
economic development. However, cloudy weather, flood, and other weather condition could
affect the development of wheat, leading to a problem in the affordability, productivity, quality,
and sustainability of wheat plant.

Just like other plants wheat requires light in order to sustain survivability. Light emitted
from light-emitting diode (LED) has shown its potential in growing plants. However, the
properties of light emitted from light-emitting diode (LED) may be different compared to an
ordinary sunlight. Therefore, it is essential to understand the potential of these properties in
improving the plants quality.

In the study of Guo et al. (2022), they used eight types of light. The results of their study
showed that Winter Wheat could complete its cycle under all eight regimens. However, plants
grown under white, white-green, and red-green light grew the fastest. LED lights with red, green,
and blue wavelengths were found to affect the growth and development of wheat differently.
However, this study only focused on Winter Wheat, and not include other kinds of wheat.

This study aims to determine the most efficient color/s of light-emitting diode (LED) for the
development of Soft White Spring Wheat. The study will only be focusing on red, yellow, green,
violet and white colored light-emitting diode (LED). The study will focus to the effects on height,
amount of grains, leaves average length, and amount of leaves. The experiment will be
conducted on 5 closed area, with the same temperature and fertilized soil. The wheat will be
watered with the same amount of water at the same time.

This study will provide insights into the effects of different colors of light on development
of Soft White Spring Wheat plant. It will contribute to our understanding of the influence of light
on wheat growth and development. The results of the study may have implications for wheat
cultivation practices and may lead to the development of sustainable agricultural systems.
Background of the Study

The use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has shown potential in indoor cultivation for wheat
growth due to their small size, long lifespan, high safety performance, and customized
wavelengths. A study was conducted to investigate the influence of different spectra
combinations in wheat plants grown in a hydroponic system. Eight types of lighting were
compared, and it was found that winter wheat could complete its life cycle under all eight
regimens (Xiaolei Guo Xuzhang Xue, Yinghua Zhang, 2022). However, plants grown under
white, white-green, and red-green light grew the fastest. LED lights with red, green, and blue
wavelengths were found to affect the growth and development of wheat differently. Blue light
increased tillering number and dry matter production but hindered the distribution of dry matter
to spikes, whereas red light was positively correlated with dry matter distribution and
accumulation in spikes. Green light was found to be helpful for the percentage of ear-bearing
tiller. Wheat grown under R4G1 had the highest grain yield per plant and harvest index, and the
flour produced under this regimen had moderate levels of starch and protein content, making it
an excellent choice for wheat cultivation. This study explores the effects of different wavelength
of light on soft white spring wheats' morphogenesis and growth rate and provides insights into
efficient wheat cultivation in a controlled environment, thereby enabling faster, more, and better
wheat production.
Conceptual Framework

Independent Variables Dependent Variables

Development of Soft Wheat

Different Colors of LEDs
Spring Wheat

Such as: In terms of:

a. Red a. Height

b. Green b. Amount of Grains

c. Yellow c. Leaves Average Length

d. Violet d. Amount of Leaves

e. White

The independent variables of the study are presented on the left. It is identified as the
different colors of light-emitting diode which are red, green, yellow, white and violet.

The dependent variables are presented on the right. It is identified as the development of
wheat plants in terms of the wheats height, amount of grains, leaves average length, and
amount of leaves.
Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the effects of different colors of Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs)
to the development of Soft White Spring Wheat.

It sought to answer the following question:

1. What are the differences between the colors of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in terms of:

a. Wavelength

b. Energy

c. Intensity

d. Frequency?

3. Do different colors of Light-Emitting Diodes (LED) have distinct effect on Soft White Spring
Wheats’ development?

2. What are the effects of light-emitting diodes’ (LEDs) color to the development of Soft White
Spring Wheat in terms of:

a. Height

b. Amount of Grains

c. Leaves Average Length

d. Amount of Leaves?

4. Will all the Soft White Spring Wheats be able to continue its cycle in different colors of Light-
Emitting Diodes (LEDs)?

5. Which color/s of light-emitting diode (LED) is/are the most efficient on growing Soft White
Spring Wheat plant in terms of:

a. Tallest

b. Most Grains

c. Longest Average Leaves

d. Amount of Leaves?
Hypothesis

This study has three hypothesizes: a null hypothesis, an alternative hypothesis, and a cause
and effect hypothesis.

Null Hypothesis: Different colors of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have no distinct effect
on the development of Soft White Spring Wheats.

Alternative Hypothesis: Different colors of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have a distinct

effect on the development of Soft White Spring Wheats.

Cause and Effect: If the colors of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) vary, then the effects to
the development of Soft White Spring Wheats vary.
Scope and Delimitation

This study aims to determine the most efficient color of LED light on the development of
Soft White Spring Wheats.

The study will only be focusing on red, yellow, green, violet and white colored light-
emitting diode (LED) and not include other varieties of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) colors. The
study will only focus on Soft White Spring Wheat plant and will not include other kinds of wheat.
The study will focus to the effects on height, amount of grains, color, leaves average length, and
amount of leaves. The experiment will be conducted on 5 closed area, with the same
temperature, altitude, and fertilized soil. The wheat will be watered with the same amount of
water at the same time.

The result will be ranked according to the tallest, most grains, longest average leaves,
and most amount of leaves separately.
Significance of the Study

Farmers. The results of the research can provide useful information for farmers on the
optimal LED color for wheat cultivation, enabling them to enhance the quality and yield of their
crops. This can assist farmers in improving their agricultural practices and increasing the
sustainability and efficiency of wheat production.

Gardeners. The study's findings can help gardeners improve the quality and yield of their
crops by making them aware what LED color is best for growing wheat. This can help gardeners
enhance their agricultural methods and boost the efficiency and sustainability of wheat
production.

Consumers. The result of this study could benefit the consumers increasing the
availability, quality, sustainability, and affordability of wheat products, which are an essential
part of the human diet.

Future researcher. Future researchers who want to understand the connection between
light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and plants will find this study useful. This will act as reading
material they can use to discover essential information.
Definition of Terms

Height

Amount of Grains

Color

Leaves Average Length

Amount of Leaves

Light-Emitting Diode (LED)

Soft White Spring Wheat

Food Security

Economic Development

Weather Conditions

Cloudy Weather

Flood

Development

Affordability

Productivity

Quality

Sustainability

Light

Survivability

Potential

Ordinary Sunlight

Properties

Cycle

Winter Wheat Regimens

Wavelength
Growth

Closed Area

Wheat Cultivation Practices

Implication

Sustainable Agricultural Systems

Energy

Intensity

Frequency

Optimal LED Color

Human Diet
References