Chapter 5 Trigonometric Equations Key Words: trigonometric equations identity equations conditional equations solution set Learning Objectives: At the end of the chapter, the student should be able to: «solve equations involving trigonometric functions of unknown angles. «apply the eight fundamental identities in solving the unknown angles. « apply the inverse trigonometric functions in solving the unknown angles * identify the solution set from the extraneous solution PLANE AND ‘SPHERICAL TRIGONOMETRY 1455.1 Definition of Trigonometric Equation A trigonometric equation is an equation involving trigonometric functions of unknown angles. Types of Trigonometric Equations 4. Identity — an equation which is true for all permissible values of the unknown angle. ‘Example: sin’x+cos*x =1 2. Conditional — an equation which is true only for some values of the unknown angle. Example: 2 sin0=1 §.2 Solution of Trigonometric Equations The solution of a trigonometric equation is the value of the angle that makes the equation true. If the derived value of the angle does not make the equation true, then it is an extraneous root. In solving trigonometric equations, it is advisable to express the given equation in terms of one trigonometric function only. Examples: re the following equations for 0 : = ond, Thus, ss = j9™ 3.377. 4) 2cos*x+3cosx=0 Solution: cosx(2cos x +3) = 0; 2c0sx+3=0 cosx =0 2 3) x=cos"'| -= x=cos'0 2 rash No solution! Why? 22 n 3a TI me ees hus, ss {5 2 5) 6sin°@+cos@-4=0 Solution: 6(1-cos*6)+cos@-4=0