Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Muntinlupa

EMSCJ

Name: Course Program:

Final Examination: Juvenile Delinquency and Juvenile Justice System
Duration: 3 hours
Instructions:
 This exam consists of two sections: Section A and Section B.
 Answer all questions.
 Write your answers clearly and concisely.
 Allocate your time wisely, as each section carries equal weight.
Section A: Short Answer Questions (50 marks)
1. Define juvenile delinquency and discuss the factors that contribute to delinquent behavior
among adolescents. (10 marks)
2. Explain the concept of labeling theory in the context of juvenile delinquency. How does
labeling affect the trajectory of juvenile offenders within the justice system? (10 marks)
3. Identify and discuss the different theories of juvenile delinquency, including strain theory,
social learning theory, and control theory. Provide examples to illustrate each theory. (10
marks)
4. Describe the role of family, peer groups, and school environments in shaping juvenile
delinquent behavior. How can interventions in these settings contribute to delinquency
prevention and rehabilitation? (10 marks)
5. Discuss the evolution of the juvenile justice system in the United States. What are the key
differences between the juvenile justice system and the adult criminal justice system? (10
marks)
Section B: Essay Questions (50 marks)
6. Analyze the effectiveness of various intervention strategies used in the juvenile justice
system, such as diversion programs, restorative justice, and rehabilitation programs.
Provide examples and evaluate their impact on reducing recidivism rates among juvenile
offenders. (20 marks)
7. Critically examine the role of race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status in the juvenile
justice system. How do disparities in the system contribute to inequities in juvenile
detention, court proceedings, and sentencing? (20 marks)
Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Muntinlupa
EMSCJ

8. Evaluate the challenges and ethical considerations associated with transferring juvenile
offenders to the adult criminal justice system. What are the implications of such transfers
for juvenile offenders' rehabilitation and reintegration into society? (10 marks)
9. Describe the concept of restorative justice and its application in juvenile delinquency
cases. How does restorative justice differ from traditional punitive approaches, and what
are the potential benefits of adopting a restorative justice framework? (10 marks)