EurAsian Journal of BioSciences

Eurasia J Biosci 14, 2507-2512 (2020)

The relationship of mother behavior in breastfeeding with

baby’s nutrition status aged 0-6 months
Indriani Kencana Wulan 1, Yuni Sufyanti Arief 1*, Kristiawati Kristiawati 1
1
Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA
*Corresponding author: yuni_sa@fkp.unair.ac.id

Abstract
Breast milk is the perfect and best food for babies. Many mothers have given complementary breast
milk before the age of 6 months, so that the nutritional content in breast milk is not optimal. Data
found in Kebraon Surabaya, found 0-6 months old infants (16%) of 11 infants experiencing
undernourished status based on body weight/body length. This study aims to identify the relationship
between breastfeeding behavior and nutritional status of infants aged 0-6 months. The design of this
study was cross-sectional with a quantitative approach. Samples were taken by purposive sampling
technique and found 15 mothers who have babies aged 0-6 months. The independent variable is
maternal behavior in breastfeeding, and the dependent variable is the nutritional status of infants
aged 0-6 months. Data collected through questionnaires and observation sheets. Data analysis using
Spearman’s Rho test with a significance level of 0.05. This study shows that there is a significant
relationship between knowledge (p=0.004) and attitude (p=0.000) with the nutritional status of infants
aged 0-6 months, and there is no meaningful relationship between the actions (p=0.462) of mothers
in breastfeeding with nutritional status babies aged 0-6 months. The mothers’ behavior in giving good
milk can make the nutritional status of babies aged 0-6 months well. Mothers are expected to provide
exclusive breastfeeding to babies to optimize growth and development in infants aged 0-6 months.

Keywords: breast milk, mother’s behavior in breastfeeding, nutritional status

Wulan IK, Arief YS, Kristiawati K (2020) The relationship of mother behavior in breastfeeding with
baby’s nutrition status aged 0-6 months. Eurasia J Biosci 14: 2507-2512.

© 2020 Wulan et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.

INTRODUCTION make the nutritional status of babies aged 0-6 months

Breast milk is the perfect and best food for babies.
Many mothers have given complementary breast milk
before the age of 6 months, so that the nutritional
content in breast milk is not optimal. Data found in
Kebraon Surabaya, found 0-6 months old infants (16%)
of 11 infants experiencing undernourished status based
on body weight/body length. This study aims to identify
the relationship between breastfeeding behavior and
nutritional status of infants aged 0-6 months. The design
of this study was cross-sectional with a quantitative
approach. Samples were taken by purposive sampling
technique and found 15 mothers who have babies aged
0-6 months. The independent variable is maternal
behavior in breastfeeding, and the dependent variable is
the nutritional status of infants aged 0-6 months. Data
collected through questionnaires and observation
sheets. Data analysis using Spearman’s Rho test with a
significance level of 0.05. This study shows that there is
a significant relationship between knowledge (p=0.004)
and attitude (p=0.000) with the nutritional status of
infants aged 0-6 months, and there is no meaningful
relationship between the actions (p=0.462) of mothers in
breastfeeding with nutritional status babies aged 0-6
months. The mothers’ behavior in giving good milk can
well. Mothers are expected to provide exclusive
breastfeeding to babies to optimize growth and
development in infants aged 0-6 months.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This research is quantitative research with a cross-
sectional approach. The sampling technique in this
study used purposive sampling and obtained a total
sample of 15 respondents consisting of mothers who
have babies aged 0-6 months. The variable studied in
this study was maternal behavior in breastfeeding as an
independent variable with the nutritional status of infants
aged 0-6 months as the dependent variable. Data
collected through questionnaires and observation
sheets. Data analysis using the Spearman’s Rho test
with a significance level α <0.05. this study has received
a research ethics-worthy permit from the research ethics
and community service committee.
Received: November 2019
Accepted: April 2020
Printed: July 2020

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EurAsian Journal of BioSciences 14: 2507-2512 (2020) Wulan et al.

Table 1. Frequency Distribution Based on General Table 3. The relationship of knowledge, attitudes, and
Characteristics of Respondents actions of mothers in breastfeeding with the nutritional
Characteristics of Respondents n % status of children aged 0-6 months
Mother’s age (years) Baby’s nutritional status
23-30 6 40 Possible
31-40 9 60 Severely total Spearman’s
Variable Wasted Normal risk of
Total 15 100 wasted Rho
overweight
Mother’s education n % n % n % n % n %
Elementary school 3 20 Knowledge
Middle School 6 40 Less 2 13 4 27 1 7 0 0 7 47
High school 3 20 Enough 0 0 0 0 2 13 2 13 4 27 p=0.004
College 3 20 Good 0 0 0 0 4 27 0 0 4 27 r=0.695
Total 15 100 Total 2 13 4 27 7 47 2 13 15 100
Mother’s occupation Attitude
Housewife 5 33 Negative 2 13 4 27 0 0 0 0 6 40
Civil servants 0 0 p=0.000
Positive 0 0 0 0 7 47 2 13 9 60
Private 10 67 r=0.907
total 2 13 4 27 7 47 2 13 15 100
Total 15 100 Action
Child number- Less 0 0 2 13 1 7 0 0 3 20
1 4 27 Enough 2 13 0 0 6 40 2 13 12 80 p=0.462
2 8 53 Good 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 r=0.206
3 1 7 Total 2 13 2 13 7 47 2 13 15 100
>3 2 13
Total 15 100
Breastfeeding Complaints breastfeeding, which is equal to 79%. The breastfeeding
None 12 79
Baby confused nipples 1 7
frequency mostly gives breast milk with a rate of > 5
Babies don’t want breast milk 1 7 times/day, which is 60%.
feeling dizzy after breastfeeding 1 7 Table 2 indicates that most of the nutritional status of
Total 15 100
Frequency of Breastfeeding infants is in the normal value of 7 (46.67%). The majority
1-3 / day 4 27 of mothers’ knowledge at fewer levels were seven
3-5 / day 2 13 respondents (46.67%). The more negative attitude of
> 5 / day 9 60
Total 15 100 mothers is eight respondents (53.33%). The majority of
mothers’ actions are sufficient, with 12 respondents
Table 2. Distribution of Infant Nutrition Status, Knowledge, (80%).
Attitudes, and Actions of Mother in breastfeeding for infants Table 3 shows that the results of the analysis of the
aged 0-6 months relationship using Spearman Rho, between the mother’s
Amount knowledge in breastfeeding and the nutritional status of
Variable
n %
Nutritional status the baby, obtained p=0.004. It means there is a
Severely wasted 2 13.33 relationship between the mother’s expertise in
Wasted 4 26.67
Normal 7 46.67
breastfeeding and the baby’s nutritional status. The
Possible risk of overweight 2 13.33 results of the analysis of maternal attitudes in
Total 15 100 breastfeeding with the nutritional status of infants
Knowledge
Less 7 46.67
obtained p=0.000. It means that there is a relationship
Enough 4 26.67 between maternal attitudes in breastfeeding with the
Good 4 26.67 nutritional status of infants. In the action variable, p-
Total 15 100
Attitude value=0.462 indicates there is no relationship between
Positive 7 46.67 maternal actions in breastfeeding and the nutritional
Negative 8 53.33
Total 15 100
status of infants.
Action
Less 3 20 DISCUSSION
Enough 12 80
Good 0 0 Mother’s knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding is
Total 15 100
closely related to nutritional status in infants. Based on
the results of research on education, it is found that most
mothers with insufficient knowledge of having babies
RESULTS with underweight dietary status (Shah et al., 2016). Two
Based on Table 1, most respondents have age 31- factors affect the nutritional status of infants, namely
40, more than half the number of respondents, which is extrinsic and intrinsic, including external factors, namely
60%. The majority of respondents, 67% have private breastfeeding, disease, and social and economic
jobs. The level of education is a high school education condition (Khotimah & Kuswandi, 2015; Kurniawati,
as many as 40%. The number of respondent children 2012; Nilakesuma et al., 2015; Septikasari, 2018). One
mostly had the second child as much as 53%. Most of factor that affects the nutritional status of infants is
the respondents did not have complaints when breastfeeding (Haseeb & Azam, 2020), where breast
milk is a natural drink for all term babies during the first

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month of age (Giri, 2013; Kuchenbecker et al., 2015;
Meshram, Laxmaiah, Venkaiah, & Brahmam, 2012;
Muchina & Waithaka, 2010). Besides, breast milk is the
primary source of nutrition for babies (Mahdiah et al.,
2018). Nutritional deficiencies in infants can cause
various health problems, both short and long term, such
as growth and stunting failure (Ariati, 2019; Hidayati et
al., 2010; Kusudaryati, 2013; Nurbaiti et al., 2014;
Scheffler et al., 2019). Providing nutrients other than
breast milk to infants aged 0-6 months can cause babies
to experience health problems, especially in the
digestive system (Astuti, 2015; Jayanti & Utomo, 2014;
Larasati, 2011; Puspita, 2011). Errors in breastfeeding
can occur when the level of knowledge in the mother is
still lacking.
The attitude of mothers in breastfeeding infants aged
0-6 months has a relationship with nutritional status in
infants. The mother’s opinion in giving milk to her baby
reflects how the mother meets the baby’s dietary needs
(Hidayati, 2016; Raharjo et al., 2012; Sari & Ernawati,
2018). The mother’s attitude determines how the
fulfillment of nutrition in infants can be fulfilled (Aris et al.,
2018; Hargi, 2013; Idris & Palutturi, 2019; Widiyanto,
2012; Asoodeh,& Motlagh, 2015). In this case, the
satisfaction of the specified nutrients can affect the
nutritional status of infants. Infants who are exclusively
breastfed have a tendency not to experience obstacles
in growth and development (Bakar et al., 2018;
Lumbanraja, 2017). A positive attitude has implications
for the fulfillment of nutrition in babies. Babies whose
nutrition is fulfilled with a balanced diet can make growth
and development optimal for infants following the stages
(Anggraini & Septira, 2016; Febriani et al., 2019; Fitri et
al., 2014). In the first 1000 days of human life, mothers
must play an active role in this period’s success (Yusuf
et al., 2020). Errors in fulfilling nutrients in this period can
cause long-term health problems in infants. Infants who
fail in the first 1000 days of life due to issues of poor
nutritional status will usually show physical growth
problems that are not appropriate for their age (Priyatna
& Sos, 2014; Rahmawati et al., 2016; Ruaida, 2018;
Sudargo & Aristasari, 2018). Besides, the lack of
nutritional status in infants can inhibit mental
development in infants so that they cannot develop
optimally according to their age stages.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Knowledge and attitude of mothers in breastfeeding
infants have a relationship with nutritional status in
infants. The behavior of mothers in giving good milk can
make the nutritional status of infants aged 0-6 months
well. Mothers are expected to provide exclusive
breastfeeding to babies to optimize growth and
development in infants aged 0-6 months.

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