Week 2 – DEC

NGỮ PHÁP: UNIT 6

A. Lý thuyết
I. Thì quá khứ hoàn thành - Past Perfect Tense

(+) S + had + VpII (past participle)

a. Cấu trúc (-) S + had not / hadn’t + VpII
(?) Had + S + VpII?

(+) I had left when they came.

b. Ví dụ (-) I hadn’t left when they came.
(?) Had you left when they came?
Had you not left when they came?

c. Cách dùng - Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trước một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ
hoặc xảy ra trước một hành động khác trong quá khứ.
eg: Carol had left before Prof. Lestly came back.
- Hành động xảy ra trước chia ở thì quá khứ hoàn thành còn hành động xảy
ra sau chia ở thì quá khứ đơn, trong câu có các từ nối như by (có nghĩa như
before), before, after, when, till, untill, as soon as, no sooner…than
Eg: My grandmother had lived in Hanoi before 1954.
- Được dùng trong mệnh đề If loại 3.
Eg: I would have helped to paint the house if you had asked me.

d. Dấu hiệu - By + thời gian trong quá khứ

nhận biết - Before…, by the time, by; No sooner … than; Hardly/ Scarely … when; It was not
until … that; Not until … that (mãi cho tới khi … mới); By the time (tới lúc mà …
thì)

II. Cấu trúc tính từ

1. Cấu trúc tính từ đi cùng với động từ nguyên thể có ‘to’ (Adjective + to – infinitive)

Cấu trúc 1: It + be + adj + (for O) + to V

- Cấu trúc tính từ + động từ nguyên thể có to có ý nghĩa “thật là thế nào để làm gì” hoặc “thật như
thế nào để ai đó làm gì”, dùng để nhấn mạnh thông tin

- Ví dụ: It’s hard to believe that she failed the exam.

It was easy for her to pass the exam.

It is boring to go to the meeting.

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Cấu trúc 2: S + be + adj + to V

- Cấu trúc tính từ + động từ nguyên thể có to còn được dùng để diễn tả phản ứng, cảm xúc, sự tự
tin hay sự lo lắng.

- Sau các tính từ diễn tả phản ứng và cảm xúc như: glad, sorry, sad, delighted, pleased, happy,
afraid, anxious, surprised, shocked...

- Sau một số tính từ thông dụng khác như: right, wrong, easy, difficult, certain, welcome, careful,
important, interesting, lovely, ready, lucky, likely, good, hard, dangerous, safe..., và sau các tính từ
trong cấu trúc enough và too.

- Ví dụ: Tom was surprised to see you.

He’s afraid to stay alone at night.

I’m very pleased to see you here.

I was sorry to hear that your father is ill.

2. Cấu trúc tính từ đi cùng với mệnh đề danh từ (Adjective + that – clause)

Cấu trúc: S + be + adj + that + S + V

- Cấu trúc tính từ + mệnh đề danh từ được dùng để diễn tả cảm xúc, sự tin tưởng hay sự lo lắng…..

Mệnh đề danh từ được cấu tạo bởi ‘that + mệnh đề’

- Ví dụ: I am delighted that you passed your exam

It was quite surprising that he passed the examination.

I am afraid that I can’t accept this assignment.

B. Bài tập
Bài 1: Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc ở thời quá khứ hoàn thành.

1. Before hanging out with friends, Jim (do)________________ his homework.

2. Peter told me that he (already finish)________________ reading ‘Harry Porter’.

3. Mary said she (never be)________________ to Paris before.

4. When we came to the movie theater, the film (start)________________ .

5. Where ________________ (Jim / be) before you found him?

6. Peter (travel)________________ to 5 foreign countries on business trips before he retired.

7. My mother (write)________________ me a note before she left for work.

8. I wish I (not attend)________________ that meeting.

 Week 2 – DEC
9. Jim (read)________________ all his books before he brought a new one yesterday.

10. ________________ (you / clean) your room before you went out?

Bài 2: Cho dạng đúng của dộng từ trong ngoặc ở thì quá khứ hoàn thành hoặc quá khứ đơn.
came
1. Mr. Brown (come)________________ had finished his work.
home as soon as he (finish)________________
had lived in Texas for 4 years before I (move)________________
2. I (live)____________ moved to California.
3. When Mr. Smith (wake)________________
woke had already been
yesterday morning, breakfast (already be)________________
ready.

4. Before I (get)________________ promotion, I (work)________________ very hard.

went
had picked me up from school before we (go) ________________
5. Yesterday, my mother (pick)________________
shopping together.

6. Our grandparents (tell)_____________ us that he (serve)______________ in the army in 1945.

7. After having dinner with my boyfriend, I (go)________________ home.

8. Yesterday (be)________________ the first time Jane (perform)________________ in front of such large
audience.

9. Peter (admit)________________ he (break)________________ my favorite vase the day before.

10. What ________________ (you / do) before you (come)________________ there?

11. Yesterday I (feel)________________ nervous as I (not prepare)________________ my presentation

carefully.

12. ________________ (Peter / come) to see you after he (finish)________________ his work?

13. Mary (prepare)________________ the meal before she (invite)________________ her new neighbor to
have lunch with her.

14. Before I (buy)________________ a car, I (travel)________________ by bus for nearly 5 years.

15. As soon as Jane (see)________________ Jim, she (storm)________________ out of the room.

16. While Tom (read) _______________ , Amely (watch) _______________ a documentary on TV.

17. Marvin (come) _______________ home, (switch) _______________ on the computer and (check)
_______________ his emails.
18. The thief (sneak) _______________ stole
sneaked into the house, (steal) _______________ the jewels and (leave)
_______________
left without a trace.
was explaining
listened
19. Nobody (listen) _______________ while the teacher (explain) _______________ the tenses.

20. While we (do) _______________ a sight-seeing tour, our friends (lie) _______________ on the beach.

Bài 3: Dựa vào các từ cho sẵn, hãy viết câu hoàn chỉnh.

1. Before / Peter / go / university /,/ he / take / gap / year.

Before Peter went to university, he had taken a gap year.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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2. Where / you / be / before / you / come / home.
Where had you been before you came home?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. There / be / many / trees / along / street / before / people / cut / them / down.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________
There had been many trees along the street before people cut them down
4. Jim / be / very / upset / before / Mary / cheer / him / up.
Jim had been very upset before Mary cheered him up.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. She / tell / me / yesterday / she / not / finish / her / assignment / yet.

She told me yesterday that she had not finished her assignment yet.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. What / happen / after / Jim / propose / to / Jane?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What happened after Jim had proposed to Jane?
7. You / eat / dinner / before / you / come / here?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Had you eaten dinner before you came here?

8. Peter / travel / a lot / before / his leg / seriously / injure / in / accident.

Peter had travelled a lot before his leg was seriously injured in an accident
________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Bài 4: Dựa vào những từ cho trước viết câu hoàn chỉnh.

1. It / hard / Jim / do / this / task.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. It / not / easy / me / pass / the / test.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. It / challenging / you / change / your / job / now.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Mary / always / afraid / try / anything / new.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. You / confident / win / the / competition?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. My mother / pleased / see / me / at / home / now.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. I / sorry / to / hear / that / you / have / accident / last week.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. I / glad / you / come / to / my party.

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________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. It / not / surprising / Peter / be / best / student / in / his / class.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10. I / convinced / Peter / be / right.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Bài 5: Gạch chân lỗi sai trong câu và sửa lại cho đúng.

1. I sure that you have mistaken my pen for yours. i am sure

_______________

2. Peter is not confident presenting his ideas to the class. _______________

to present

3. It is impossible that a fish to climb a tree. _______________

4. Is it possible for me winning this competition? _______________

5. Mr. Brown was relieved hearing his wife was not injured in the accident. _______________

6. Are you certain that he to be the pickpocket? _______________

7. Peter astonished that he accidentally found his childhood toy. _______________

8. It is difficult for you pass the test if you don’t study hard. _______________

9. Were they be able to swim across that river? _______________

able
10. They don’t aware that staying up late is bad for health. _______________

Bài 6: Chọn đáp án đúng

1. I am ________________ that my teacher helps me improve my English quickly.

A. grateful B. afraid

2. She was very ________________ that he didn’t keep his promise.

A. helpful B. disappointed

3. Tuan is ________________ that his parents live happily together.

A. angry B. glad

4. They are not ________________ that they have to pay much money to buy food.

A. happy B. unhappy

5. My sister was ________________ that her boyfriend was too late to pick her up.

A. angry B. delighted

6. Everyone is ________________ that we won the first prize.

A. amazed B. unlucky
 Week 2 – DEC
7. I am ________________ that I am Vietnamese.

A. important B. proud

8. He is ________________ that his child waters the tree every morning.

A. pleased B. sad

9. We were ________________ that we missed the last bus.

A. thankful B. worried

10. I am________________ that I sincerely believe in what people say.

A. wrong B. interesting

11. He was ________________ that she didn’t tell his parents about the accident.

A. grateful B. true

12. The teacher is very ________________ that her students are very hard-working.

A. delighted B. afraid

13. I’m not ________________ that a robber can do everything to rob money or properties.

A. unhappy B. surprised

14. She is ________________ that her English result is not bad.

A. relieved B. disappointed

15. He was ________________ that he didn’t suffer any side effects of drug overuse.

A. frightened B. lucky