Name: _______________________

CD13: Thì Quá khứ hoàn thành (Past Perfect Tense)

Date: _________________
I – Lý thuyết
Thì quá khứ hoàn thành (Past perfect) là thì được sử dụng nhằm diễn tả hành động xảy ra trước một hành động nào đó
trong quá khứ.
e.g. She had done her housework before her mother came back (Cô ấy đã dọn nhà xong trước khi mẹ cô ấy trở về).
2. Công thức
Loại câu Công thức Ví dụ
Khẳng định (+) S + had + Ved/V3 + O I had finished my homework before the last Thursday.
S + had not + Ved/V3 + O
The film had ended when you arrived at the cinema.
Phủ định (-) (had not=hadn’t)

Had (not) + S + Ved/V3 + O? Had my mother come home when shipper delivered?
Nghi vấn (?) Yes, S + had. / No, S + hadn’t. Yes, she had/ No, she hadn’t.
Wh + had + S + Ved/V3 + O? What had you done before you went home?

3. Cách dùng
Cách dùng Ví dụ
Diễn tả hành động nào đó xảy ra trước một hành động khác Before I went to work, my mother packed lunch for me.
trong quá khứ (hành động xảy ra trước dùng quá khứ hoàn (Trước khi tôi đi làm, mẹ tôi đã đóng gói bữa trưa cho tôi).
thành, hành động xảy ra sau sử dụng thì quá khứ đơn)
Sử dụng để diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra và kéo dài đến một My teacher had published her first book by the time she was
thời điểm nhất định trong quá khứ hoặc trước một thời điểm 40. (Cô giáo mình đã xuất bản cuốn sách đầu tiên vào thời
nhất định trong quá khứ. điểm cô ấy 40 tuổi.)
4. Dấu hiệu nhận biết
a) Qua các từ nhận biết
Nhận biết thì QKHT qua các từ: before, after, until, by the time, when by, as soon as, by the end of + [tgian trong QK]
b) Qua vị trí của các liên từ
e.g. When I arrived at the airport, my flight had taken off before 2 hours. (Khi
When (khi)
tôi tới sân bay, chuyến bay của tôi đã cất cánh trước 2 tiếng đồng hồ.)
Before (trước khi): Mệnh đề trước
e.g. Before I had broken up with him, we went around the world together. (Trước
before dùng thì quá khứ hoàn thành,
khi tôi chia tay anh ấy, chúng tôi đã cùng nhau đi vòng quanh thế giới.)
sau before dùng quá khứ đơn.
After (sau khi): Dùng khi quá khứ e.g. We went home after we had arrived in Sapa 2 days 1 night. (Chúng tôi về
hoàn thành sau mệnh đề after nhà sau khi chúng tôi đến Sapa 2 ngày 1 đêm.
e.g. I had finished my homework by the time the teacher checked it. (Tôi đã làm
By the time (vào thời điểm)
bài tập về nhà xong vào thời điểm cô giáo kiểm tra.)
Hardly/ Barely....when....:
Là cấu trúc đảo ngữ chỉ dùng thì quá e.g. Hardly had I gone out when it rained. (Tôi vừa mới ra ngoài thì trời mưa.)
khứ hoàn thành.

II – Bài tập vận dụng

Exercise 1. Chia động từ cho sẵn theo dạng đúng thì quá khứ hoàn thành
1. When David came, everybody ________________ (leave).
2. He __________________ (already/watch) the movie, so he wouldn’t want to see it atopgain.
3. My kids didn’t eat anything at the party because they ________________ (eat) dinner at home.
4. The motorbike burned just after it ________________ (crash) into the tree.
 5. John ________________ (not/complete) his homework by the deadline, so he called his teacher to tell that he would
submit it late.
6. She didn’t cry because she ________________ (know) the truth.
7. The tornado destroyed the tent that we (build) ________________.
8. She (not / be) ________________ to Hanoi before 2018.
9. When he went out to play, he (do / already) ________________ his homework.
10. My sister ate all of the cake that our mum (make) ________________
11. The nurse took off the plaster that she (put on) ________________ six weeks before.
12. The waitress brought a drink that I (not / order) ________________.
13. I could not remember the song we (learn) ________________ three week before.
14. The children collected mangos that (fall) ________________ from the tree.
15. (she / phone) _________________ Nam before she went to see him in Laos?
16. He (not / ride) ________________ a elephants before that day.
17. Yesterday, my parents went home after they (finish) ________________ their work.
18. When we came to the stadium, the match (already start) ________________.
19. I sat down after my friends (go) ________________.
20. Before he died, he (be) ________________ ill for several months.
21. Last night after Minh (watch) ________________ TV, he did the exercise.
22. Before Hanh went to the department, she (do) ________________ her work.
23. When I got to the party, Minh (go) ________________ home.
24. By the time the police arrived, the house (be) ________________ burned down.
25. When I got up, my mother (go) ________________ to work.
26. If you (listen) ________________ to me, you would have won the game.
Exercise 2. Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc
1. My sister (go) ___________ home after she (finish) ________________ her study.
2. Yesterday, I (arrive) _____________ to the party, they (already go) ___________ home.
3. After the guest (leave) ___________, I (go) back _____________ to company.
4. When I closed the door, I realized that I (leave) _____________ key inside.
5. After they (go) ______________, I (sit) _____________ down and (rest) ______________
6. I was sorry that I (hurt) ___________ him.
7. She (do) ___________ nothing before she (see) ___________ me.
8. By the time I moved in, they (finish) ______________ the building work.
9. Minh looked really sad but I did not know what (happen) ______________.
10. Before the police arrived, the thief (escape) ______________.
11. They (come) ___________ back home after they (finish) ___________ their work.
12. She said that she (meet) ___________ Mr. Bean before.
13. Before he (go) ________________ to bed, he (read) ______________ a novel.
14. He told me he (not/wear) ________________ such kind of clothes before.
15. When I came to the stadium, the match (start) ________________
16. Before she (listen) _______________ to music, she (do) _________________ homework.
17. Last night, Peter (go) _______________ to the supermarket before he (go) _________________ home.
Exercise 3. Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không đổi sử dụng từ gợi ý cho sẵn.
1. David had gone home before we arrived.
⇒ After _____________________________________________________________________
2. We had lunch then we took a look around the shops.
⇒ Before _____________________________________________________________________
3. The light had gone out before we got out of the office.
⇒ When_____________________________________________________________________
4. After she had explained everything clearly, we started our work.
⇒ By the time _____________________________________________________________________
5. My father had watered all the plants in the garden by the time my mother came home.
⇒ Before _____________________________________________________________________