9.

2 NO
SMOKING
SPEAKING &
LISTENING
1. Work in pairs. Where would you expect to see
these two signs?

Well, I think I would probably

I agree, I think….
see these signs in....
3. Listen to a short news story.

What’s the link between the man

in the photo and the signs?

The man in the photo is a

restaurant owner who tried to
fight the smoking ban and allow
smoking to continue in his
restaurant

*Remember to take notes

GRAMMAR
Permission, Prohibition & Obligation
 What could/couldn't you do when
you were in primary school?

In class, we could/couldn't …
 Permission
To say that an action was appropriate in the past,
we can use the modal could.

Subject + could + Verb(Base) + Complement

Students could eat in the classroom last

week.
I could go to the party yesterday.

Maria could play with her friends because

she finished classes.
 Permission
We can also use the phrase be allowed/permitted to
say an action was appropriate in the past.

was/were
Subject + + Verb(Base) + Complement
allowed/permitted to

Marcos was allowed to go out until midnight as a kid.

I was permitted to park at ICPNA’s parking lot.

We use our cell phones

was allowed to
yesterday.
Students was permitted to choose their classes at their
university last year.
 Prohibition
To say that an action was not appropriate in the past,
we can use the modal couldn't.

Subject + couldn't + Verb(Base) + Complement

Students couldn't cheat during the exam.

I couldn't go to the party last night.

with her friends until

Maria couldn't play
she finished her
homework.
 Prohibition
We can also use the phrase be allowed/permitted to
to say an action was not appropriate in the past.

Was/ allowed/
Subject + + not + + Verb(Base) + Comp.
were permitted to

Marcos wasn't allowed to go out until midnight.

I wasn't permitted to park at ICPNA’s parking lot.

We weren't allowed to use our cell phones in class.

Students weren't permitted to go in the teacher's room.

 Obligation
To say that an action was necessary in the past,
we can use the modal had to

Subject + had to + Verb(Base) + Complement

Students had to eat in the classroom.

I had to go to the party.

Maria had to play with her friends until she

finishes her homework.
 Lack of Obligation
To say that an action was not necessary in the past,
we can use the modal didn’t have to.

Subject + did + not + have to + Verb(Base) + Complement

Marcos didn’t have to wear a uniform to class.

I didn’t have to attend on Saturday

We didn’t have to bring a dictionary.

Students didn’t have to do the task for

yesterday.
3 bWere any of these rules true for you when you were
younger? What rules did you have to follow?

In my house, we had many

rules, for example_____

In my house we had
similar/different rules,
like…
SPEAKING & LISTENING
 1b Work in pairs. Compare your answers.

Would the change be

popular in your country?

I think it would/wouldn’t
be polular because........
2 Work in small groups. Think about a law that has
changed recently in you country or community.

What was the law before? And

now? Do you agree with it?

I think…..
3 What new laws would you like to introduce? Why?
Prepare notes on your ideas. Report back to the rest
of the class. Which is the most popular law? Why?

In my opinion, I would
like to introduce ......
law because..…
Picture References
Slide 1 https://pixabay.com/photos/no-smoking-don-t-smoke-1682187/

Slide 2 https://pixabay.com/photos/no-smoking-bulldog-sign-cigar-2786696/

Slide 5 https://pixabay.com/vectors/no-smoking-sign-cigarettes-304982/

Slide 6 https://unsplash.com/photos/gYdjZzXNWlg

Slide 13 https://unsplash.com/photos/mG-HdjYiPtE

Slide 14 https://unsplash.com/photos/JrrWC7Qcmhs

Slide 15 https://unsplash.com/photos/ZWR-dgEBFjo

Slide 16 https://unsplash.com/photos/ZWR-dgEBFjoSpeak

Slide 17 https://unsplash.com/photos/iQPr1XkF5F0