POSN Chemistry by P’Win IG:winzy.

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1) Prep IChO49 task6

The vapor pressure of pure benzene (C6H6) is 100 torr at 26.1 oC. Calculate the vapor
pressure and the freezing point of a solution containing 24.6 g of camphor (C10H16O)
dissolved in 100 cm3 of benzene. The density of benzene is 0.877 g cm-3. The freezing point
and the cryoscopic constant (Kf) of pure benzene are 5.50 oC and 5.12 oC kg mol-1,
respectively.

2) Prep IChO49 task7

2.1) At temperatures above the boiling point, A behaves like an ideal gas. In a hypothetical
situation, Jacques Charles performed an experiment about the volume-temperature
relationship and obtained the following result (which is not necessarily drawn to scale):
What is the volume of A at 100 oC?

2.2) At equilibrium, the vapor pressures above liquids B and C are 100.1 kPa and 60.4 kPa,
respectively. The two liquids B and C are mixed thoroughly at 298 K. What is the vapor
pressure above a mixture containing 3 mol B and 4 mol C?

2.3) What are the mole fractions of B and C above the mixture explained in question 7.2?

3) Prep IChO49 task9

We start with a “perfect” sphere of pure 28Si isotope. The weight of this sphere is W g. The
volume V of the sphere is found from the accurate measurement of the diameter of the
sphere. The unit cell of a crystal of silicon is a “diamond cubic lattice”, i.e. a face-centered
unit cell but with 4 Si atoms inside the cube. The length of the unit cell can be determined
precisely from X-ray crystallographic measurements of a single crystal of 28Si isotope.
The experimental data are as follow:
Weight of sphere, W: 1000.064 543(15) g
Volume of sphere: 431.049 110(10) cm3
Length of unit cell, α: 543.099 619(20) pm
Atomic weight of 28Si, A: 27.976 970 029(23) g mol-1 Number of Si atoms in unit cell, n:

3.1) Write down the equation for calculating Avogadro’s number NA in terms of the
parameters.

3.2) How many silicon atoms are in the unit cell?

3.3) Calculate Avogadro’s number using the above data. Give answer to 7 significant figures.

4) Prep IChO49 task13

POSN Chemistry by P’Win IG:winzy.vc

A metal alloy which contains mainly Cu and Zn was analyzed for its metal content. An alloy
sample of 2.300 g was placed in a 250 cm3 erlenmeyer flask. To this flask, 5.00 cm3 of mixed
acid (concentrated nitric acid and concentrated hydrochloric acid) was added in a fume hood
for dissolution of the alloy. The resulting solution was transferred quantitatively into 250
cm3 volumetric flask and adjusted to volume with deionized water.
A 25.00 cm3 aliquot of sample solution was adjusted to pH 5.5 and titrated with 0.100 mol
dm-3 EDTA solution using 1-(2-pyridinezao)-2-naphthol or PAN as indicator. The indicator
changed color when 33.40 cm3 0.100 mol dm-3 EDTA was added to the sample solution.
Another 25.00 cm3 aliquot of sample solution was adjusted to neutral pH and mixed with
excess KI. The mixture was then filtered and the resulting solution was titrated against 0.100
mol dm-3 sodium thiosulfate using starch solution as indicator. The titration required 29.35
cm3 sodium thiosulfate to reach the endpoint. Note: KSP(CuI) = 1.1 x 10-12
4.1) Write the oxidative dissolution reaction(s) of an alloy with nitric acid and hydrochloric
acid.
4.2) Determine the %w/w of Cu and Zn in alloy.

5) UkChO 2016
This question is about dating King Richard III.
King Richard of York gave battle in vain and was killed in 1485. In 2015, his remains
were buried in Leicester Cathedral, after having been found underneath the nearby
Greyfriars car park in 2012. The bones were dated from their radiocarbon content.
Bone found in skeletal remains may be considered to be 60% hydroxyapatite
(Ca5(PO4)3(OH)) by weight, and the rest mostly collagen, a protein, whose major amino acid
constituent is glycine (H2NCH2COOH).
In the radiocarbon dating of this skeleton, a 1.0 g sample was taken from a rib bone. It
was first processed to remove the inorganic content.
The remaining organic component, the protein collagen, may be assumed to be
polyglycine (a polymer made only from glycine). This is burnt in excess oxygen and the
carbon- containing product is reduced back to graphite with hydrogen.
(b)
(i) Draw the simplest repeat unit of the polymer polyglycine.
(ii) Write a balanced equation for the combustion of polyglycine consisting of n repeat
(iii) Write a balanced equation for the formation of the graphite from the carbon- containing
product.
(iv) What mass of graphite was produced from processing the 1.0 g sample of bone?

Radiocarbon dating relies on the existence of three isotopes of carbon, 12C, 13C and 14C.
The two lighter isotopes are stable, but 14C is radioactive with a half-life of 5568 years. The
standard abundances of these isotopes in a sample at the time of death may be taken to be:
98.93 % : 1.07 % : 1.215×10-10 %.
(c) In a 2.0 mg sample analysed at the time of death, how many 14C atoms on average
would be expected to decay in one day?
Rather than counting the actual decay rate, a more sensitive technique is to determine the
ratio of 12C, 13C and 14C by counting the atoms of particular masses using mass
spectrometry.
The ratio of 12C : 14C in the bone sample was found to be 1 : 1.154×10-12.
POSN Chemistry by P’Win IG:winzy.vc

(d) Using these data, determine how old the bones are and hence the date of death of the
man whose bones were being analysed.
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