Table of Contents

1.0 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 2

2.0 FIELD WORKS .......................................................................................................................... 2

3.0 Laboratory Works .................................................................................................................... 5

4.0 Index Properties of Soil .......................................................................................................... 6

5.0 Shear Properties of Soil .......................................................................................................... 7

6.0 Standard Codes for Field and Laboratory program ............................................................ 7

7.0 GEOTECHNICAL ASSESSMENT AND FOUNDATION FEASIBILITY ................................... 9

8.0 FOUNDATION RECOMMENDATION AND METHODOLOGY ............................................. 10

8.1.1 Net safe bearing capacity from shear consideration ........................................................ 10

8.1.5 Net Safe Bearing Capacity ................................................................................................. 11
8.1.6 Determination of Safe Bearing Capacity (SBC) from SPT ‘N’ value considerations .......... 11
9.0 LIMITATIONS ......................................................................................................................... 12

ATTACHMENT
1. Annexure_I Borehole Location.................................................................
4. Annexure_II Field Bore-Logs...................................................................
5. Annexure_III Summary Of Laboratory Tests..........................................
6. Annexure_IV Sample SBC Calculation.....................................................
FINAL LOCATION SURVEY FOR NEW BG LINE BETWEEN VAYOR-
LAKHPAT VIA KOTESHWAR (67.95 Kms)

Executive Summary

Objective:

The Subsoil Investigation is done for the purpose of the Project- “Final Location
Survey for providing quadrupling B/W Gandhidham-Adhipur with y
connection at adipur for providing direct entry towards mundra port and
bhuj and high level pf at Gopalpur (10 kms)” for foundation recommendations
for the Minor Bridge Structure-BR no.-2A.

Project:

Final Location Survey for providing quadrupling B/W Gandhidham-Adhipur with y

connection at adipur for providing direct entry towards mundra port and bhuj and
high level pf at Gopalpur (10 kms).

Structure Details:

Type of structure Br. No. Chainage Proposed Span

Minor Bridge- 2A 6000.500 1 x 1.83 RCC Box

Precast RCC Slab

Client:

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

As part of the Project-“Final Location Survey for providing quadrupling B/W

Gandhidham-Adhipur with y connection at adipur for providing direct
entry towards mundra port and bhuj and high level pf at Gopalpur (10
kms)”, we have been approached to carryout subsoil investigation for the
structure-Minor Bridge-Br. No.-2A. for which 1 Borehole was drilled for upto
5.0 m to recommend the bearing capacity of the bridge foundation
The main text of the report includes description of field explorations, laboratory
testing, subsurface conditions, conclusions and recommendations based up on
review of existing data, engineering studies and analysis.
M/s. Vishwas Geotech Pvt. Ltd. has started the field work including Drilling of
boreholes and sample collection was carried out in the month November 2022. After
completion of field investigation, the samples are transported to M/s Vishwas
Geotech Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad for carrying out necessary laboratory tests on
soil/rock samples to determine the design parameters, confining to IS specifications.
2.0 FIELD WORKS

2.1. Boring
The exploration was done by drilling 1 Boreholes using rotary drilling of 100 mm
diameter drilled for upto 5.0 m.
Structure Location: BR No.-2A ((CH-6000.500)
2.2. Sampling
a) Disturbed Samples
Disturbed Samples were collected at regular intervals of 1 to 1.5 m depth during the
exploration works and also from the SPT sampler. The samples obtained were
properly packed in a polythene cover, labelled and transported as per the standard
procedure for laboratory testing
b) Undisturbed Samples
Whenever possible/required Undisturbed samples were collected using thin walled
shelby tubes, packed, labelled and transported to the laboratory as per the
procedure laid in IS:2132.
2.3. Standard Penetration Test (SPT)
Standard Penetration Test (SPT) was conducted at different depths in all boreholes.
For shallow depths SPT was conducted at close intervals of 1.5m. SPT split spoon

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sampler of standard dimensions was driven into the soil from borehole bottom using
63kg hammer falling from 75cm height. The SPT weight was mechanically lifted to
the specified height and allowed to fall free. Blow count for each of three 15cm
penetrations was recorded and the N value is reported as the blows count for the
last 30cm penetration of the sampler leaving the first 15cm penetration as seating
drive. When the number of blows exceeded 50 to penetrate the first or second
15cm length of the Sampler, the SPT ‘N’ is regarded as more than 100 as described
in IS : 2131 – 1981. SPT refusal is recorded when there is no penetration of the
sampler at any stage and also when a rebound of the sounding system is recorded.
Samples from the SPT split spoon sampler was preserved in polythene covers and
transported to the laboratory. One more polythene cover was provided to prevent
the loss of moisture during the transit.
Correlation for Sand / non-plastic Silt Correlation for Clay/Plastic soils

Penetration Relative Density Penetration Value Consistency

Value (N) (N)

0 – 4 Blows Very loose 0 – 2 Blows Very soft

4 – 10 Blows Loose 2 – 4 Blows Soft

10 - 30 Blows Medium Dense 4 – 8 Blows Medium

30 - 50 Blows Dense 8 – 15 Blows Stiff

>50 Blows Very Dense 15 - 30 Blows Very Stiff

>30 Blows Hard

2.4. Drilling in rock
For drilling in rock, drilling was advanced by rotary core drilling method using
double tube core barrels with T.C. bit or diamond bit as per the guidelines of
IS:6926-1996. The maximum length of drill run, the drill rod string with core barrel
is extracted from the borehole and core is recovered from the core barrel. The
percentage of core recovery is recorded and the core pieces are transferred to the
core box duly numbered and labelled properly. The selected core samples are sent
to the laboratory for conducting tests. The rock core samples are preserved and
stored in wooden core boxes as specified in IS:4078 – 1980.
Rock classification in terms of weathering, state of fractures and strength is carried
out in the following manner.

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Term Description Grade Interpretation

Fresh No visible sign of rock material weathering, I CR > 90%

perhaps slight discoloration on major
discontinuity surfaces

Slightly Discoloration indicates weathering of rock II CR between

Weathered material and discontinuity surfaces. All the 70% to 90%
rock material may be discoloured by
weathering.

Moderately Less than half of the rock material is III CR between

Weathered decomposed or disintegrated to a soil. Fresh 51% to 70%
or discoloured rock is present either as a
continuous framework or as core stones.

Highly More than half of the rock material is IV CR between

Weathered decomposed or disintegrated to a soil. Fresh 11% to 50%
or discoloured rock is present either as a
discontinuous framework or as core stones

Completely All rock material is decomposed and / or V CR between

Weathered disintegrated to soil. The original mass zero to 10%
structure is still largely intact.

Residual All rock material is converted to soil. The VI CR = Zero %

Soil mass structure and material fabric are But N > 50
destroyed. There is a large change in
volume, but the soil has not been
significantly transported.

RELATION BETWEEN RQD AND IN-SITU ROCK QUALITY

Rock quality is further measured by frequency of natural joints in rock mass. Rock
Quality Designation (RQD) is used to define state of fractures or massiveness of
rock.
Following table defines the quality of rock mass.
RQD Classification RQD (%)

Excellent 91-100

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Good 76-90

Fair 51-75

POOR 25-50

Very poor <25

As per IS : 13365 Part – 1 : 1998

Classification of rock with respective to compressive strength

Rock is also classified by strength of intact rock cores collected during drilling. Rock
compressive strength (UCS) is used to define strength of rock. Following table
summarizes classification of rock based on strength.
Rock strength Compressive strength (kg/cm2)

Extremely weak <20

Very weak 20-100

Weak 101-250

Average 251-500

Strong 501-1000

Very strong 1001-2500

Extremely strong >2500

2.5. Ground water level measurement

The depth of ground water level is supposed to be measured during boring and
thereafter the ground water is stabilized as per IS : 6935 – 1973.
3.0 Laboratory Works

For the purpose of the investigation, laboratory tests were conducted on the obtained soil
strata from the exploration to determine various required properties for the
analysis/recommendations. The following are the tests conducted
1. Dry Density and Natural moisture content (IS-2720, Part-II)
2. Particle size analysis (IS-2720, Part-IV)
3. Atterberg’s limits (IS-2720, Part-V)
4. Free Swell Index (IS-2720, Part 40)
5. Specific gravity (IS-2720, part III)
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6. Shear test (IS-2720, Part-XI)

7. UCS of Rock (IS-9143)

4.0 Index Properties of Soil

Soil index properties refer to the properties of the soil that help to classify and identify the
properties of soil for purposes of engineering. The following are the index tests conducted.
4.1 Natural moisture content and Field Dry Density
The Natural moisture content and Field Dry Density is determined using the UDS sample by
eliminating the wax and loose soil at the edges of the sample. The unit weight is determined
by simple, weight volume relation and the moisture content are determined by oven drying
the samples and deducting dry unit weight with the natural. The procedure followed is as
per the standard.
4.2 Particle size analysis
Sieve analysis tests were conducted as per IS-2720 part-IV and the results are plotted on a
disturbution curve. The soil sample obtained is allowed to pass through various sieves of
standard sizes as described in the standard and the percentage of fines are determined.
4.3 Atterberg’s lilmits
As per IS-2720, part-V the Atterberg limits are determined.
The liquid limit of soil is a critical geotechnical property that characterizes the moisture
content at which a soil transitions from a plastic, semi-solid state to a liquid state. It is an
essential parameter in soil mechanics and plays a significant role in the design and
construction of civil engineering projects, including foundations, dams, roads, and retaining
walls. The apparatus used to determine the liquid limit is Casagrand’s apparatus.
The Casagrande apparatus consists of a brass cup with a standardized shape, a base, and a
mechanical device for moving the cup up and down. A small groove is created in the soil
sample, and the cup is partially filled with soil, in which the soil sample is groved in to two
halfs and dropped in a cup through a height of 1 cm. the number of blows required for the
grove made to close and the moisture content of the sample is plotted to determine the
liquid limit. The test begins by adding water to the soil within the cup. The cup is then
rotated and raised and lowered, causing the soil to move across the groove. The test
continues until the two halves of the soil sample meet along the groove. At this point, the
soil has reached its liquid state, and the moisture content is noted.
4.4 Specific gravity
Specific gravity of soil, in a geotechnical perspective, is a fundamental property that plays a
crucial role in understanding and analyzing the behavior of soils in various engineering and
construction applications. It is a key parameter used to evaluate the relative density and
composition of soil materials, providing essential information for geotechnical engineers, civil
engineers, and geologists. Here is a detailed description of specific gravity of soil:
Specific gravity, denoted as "G," is a dimensionless ratio that represents the density of a
substance compared to the density of a standard reference substance, typically water at a
standardized temperature (often 20°C or 4°C). In the context of soil, it quantifies the ratio
of the mass of a given volume of soil to the mass of an equivalent volume of wate

4.5 Free swell Index

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The Free Swell Index of soil, often referred to as the "FSI," is a crucial geotechnical
parameter used to assess the swelling potential of fine-grained soils, such as clays. It
provides valuable information for engineers, geologists, and construction professionals
involved in infrastructure projects, foundation design, and soil mechanics.
The Free Swell Index measures the propensity of a soil to swell when exposed to water.
This swelling behavior occurs due to the ability of certain clay minerals, like smectite clays,
to absorb water molecules, causing the soil to expand. The Free Swell Index quantifies the
extent of this expansion

5.0 Shear Properties of Soil

Shear strength is a fundamental property of soil in geotechnical engineering, representing its

ability to resist internal deformation and failure when subjected to lateral forces. This
property is of paramount importance in the design and analysis of structures and
foundations, as it directly influences the stability and safety of various civil engineering
projects, including buildings, bridges, dams, and retaining walls.
Shear strength is defined as the maximum resistance offered by soil to shearing forces along
a plane within it. This resistance is primarily attributed to the inter-particle friction and
cohesion between soil particles. The three key components that contribute to shear strength
in soil are:
Frictional Resistance: Soil particles exert frictional forces on each other due to their irregular
shapes and rough surfaces. This frictional resistance is a function of the normal stress (the
force perpendicular to the shear plane) and the angle of internal friction, denoted as φ (phi).
The higher the angle of internal friction, the greater the soil's ability to resist shear forces.
Cohesive Resistance: Cohesion is the inherent adhesive property of soil particles caused by
the presence of clay minerals. Cohesive soils, such as clays, exhibit this property and can
maintain their integrity under shear stresses even in the absence of significant normal
stress. Cohesion is typically represented by the cohesion intercept (c) in the Mohr-Coulomb
failure criterion
To evaluate shear strength, geotechnical engineers perform laboratory tests, such as the
triaxial and direct shear tests, and in-situ tests, like the vane shear test or cone penetration
test. These tests help characterize the soil's shear strength parameters, namely, the angle of
internal friction (φ) and cohesion (c).
Understanding shear strength is critical in geotechnical engineering for various applications,
including slope stability analysis, foundation design, excavation support systems, and
geotechnical earthquake engineering. It allows engineers to assess whether soil can support
the applied loads and provides a basis for designing safe and reliable structures while
considering the geotechnical conditions of a specific site. Proper consideration of shear
strength ensures the long-term stability and durability of geotechnical projects.

6.0 Standard Codes for Field and Laboratory program

Standard guidelines for Laboratory programme is as below

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Undist
Disturbe SPT
S.N Particulars of urbed Rock
Reference codes d Sampl
o Properties Sampl Cores
Samples es
es

1 Sieve analysis/ IS: 2720 (Part IV) √ √ √ -

Hydrometer

Natural Moisture
2 Content / Bulk / IS: 2720 (Part II) - - √ -
Dry Density

3 Atterberg limits IS: 2720 (Part V) - √ √ -

4 Specific gravity of IS: 2720 (Part III) - - √ -

soil
5 Free Swell Index IS: 2720 (Part XIV) - - √ -

6 Unconsolidated IS: 2720 (Part XI) - - √ -

Undrained test
(triaxial)
Specific gravity,
7 Water absorption IS: 1124_1993 - - - √
& Porosity

Unconfined
8 compressive IS: 9143: 1996 - - - √
strength

9 Point load index IS:8764: 1998 - - -

STANDARD AND GUIDELINES FOR FIELD INVESTIGATIONS is as below

S. IS Code No: Title

No.
1 IS: 1892 – 1979 Code of Practice for sub surface investigation for
foundations
2 IS: 1498 – 1970 Classification and Identification of Soils for General
Engineering purpose

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3 IS: 2131 – 1981 Method for Standard Penetration Test (SPT) for Soils
4 IS: 2132 – 1986 Code of Practice for Thin – Walled tube sampling of
Soils
5 IS: 4464 – 1985 Code of practice for presentation of drilling information
and core description in foundation investigation
6 IS: 5313 – 1980 Guide for core drilling observations
7 IS: 4078 – 1980 Code of practice for indexing and storage of drill cores
8 IS: 6926 – 1996 Diamond core drilling – Site investigation for river valley
projects code of practice
9 IS: 6935 – 1973 Method of determination of water level in a bore hole
10 IS: 6065 (Part-1) – Recommendations for the preparation of Geological and
1985 Geotechnical maps for river valley projects
7.0 GEOTECHNICAL ASSESSMENT AND FOUNDATION FEASIBILITY

Based on the bore log and laboratory test reports it may be concluded that the sub
soil profile at observed in the borehole locations comprises of Very Dense Silty Sand
for upto 2 m followed by highly weathered rock of Very weak nature. A detailed
bore log & summary of test results enclosed in Annexure.
By observing the nature of subsurface strata, the type of foundation for a given
proposed structure, expected heavy loads on piers and abutment foundations, the
following types of foundations can be recommended.
a) Shallow Foundations

For satisfactory performance of a foundations, the following criteria must be

satisfied,

i) The foundation must not fall in shear.

ii) The foundation should not settle by an amount more than the permissible
settlement.

The smaller of the bearing pressure values obtained according to above (i) and (ii),
is adopted as the allowable bearing capacity.

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8.0 FOUNDATION RECOMMENDATION AND METHODOLOGY

8.1 SHALLOW FOUNDATION

The safe bearing capacity of soil is the net intensity of loading which the foundation
will carry, without undergoing settlement in excess of the permissible value for the
structure under consideration.
8.1.1 Net safe bearing capacity from shear consideration

8.1.2 For Pure clay soils ( = 0)

The net ultimate bearing capacity immediately after construction on fairly saturated
homogeneous cohesive soils shall be calculated using following equation.
qd = C Nc Sc dc ic ; Where Nc = 5.14

The value of ‘C’ shall be obtained from unconfined compressive strength test or
static cone penetration test or triaxial shear (UU) test.
Alternatively, Net ultimate bearing capacity can be determined by using the
following equation;
qd = C Nc Sc dc ; Where qd = Net ultimate bearing capacity

A factory of safety of 2.5 is used

Considering  = 0, Nc = 5.14.

Thus the equation is simplified as

Q (net safe) = ½.5 *C*5.14 Sc dc

= 2.056 C Sc dc

8.1.3 For C -  soils

For General shear:

 >360 and C > 5 t/m2

qd = c Nc Sc dc ic + q ( Nq-1) Sq dq iq + 0.5  B N S d i  W’

For General Shear:

 >260 and C < 3 t/m2

qd = (2/3) c Nc Sc dc ic + q ( Nq-1) Sq dq iq + 0.5  B N S d i 

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For Intermediate Shear:

Average or interpolate between local and general shear.

8.1.4 Reduction factors

Determined Bearing Capacity Factors Nc Nq N  from Table 1 of IS : 6403 – 1981.

Shape factors Sc Sq S  from Table 2 of IS: 6403 – 1981.

Depth factors dc dq d  from clause 5.1.2.2 of IS: 6403 – 1981.

Inclination factors ic iq i  from clause 5.1.2.2 of IS: 6403 – 1981.

8.1.5 Net Safe Bearing Capacity

Net safe bearing capacity is obtained by dividing the above Net Ultimate bearing
capacity by the factor of safety of 2.5.
Net Safe Bearing Capacity = (1/FOS) * Net Ultimate Bearing Capacity

8.1.6 Determination of Safe Bearing Capacity (SBC) from SPT ‘N’ value
considerations

As there is neither undisturbed sample nor C,  values are available, but only N
values are available, Net Safe Bearing Capacity has been assessed based on SPT (N)
values. Therefore, the safe bearing capacity of foundation soil at proposed founding
depth based on corrected SPT (N) value is determined using following formula
Summary of foundation details
Safe bearing Recommend
Dimensions, LxB
Foundation type

Depth of
Net SBC based pressure ed Bearing
Foundation

foundation
BH.No

on Shear based on pressure,

(m)

below EGL,
criteria, T/m2 settlement, T/m2
m
t/m2

RCC 1.0 17.0 24.0 15.0

3.0 x
01 Box 1.5 25.0 24.0 20.0
1.83
type 2.0 32.0 24.0 22.0
2.5 41.0 24.0 24.0
Note:
1. Smple SBC Calculations are attached in Annexure-I
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2. The angle of internal friction was considered as 32 degrees based on the test results
at 1.0 m soil sample even though hard strata/highly weathered rock was
encountered at shallow depth, it is for conservative approach and the foundation
settlement were limited to 50 mm following conservative approach.

9.0 LIMITATIONS

Recommendations contained in this report are based on our field observations,

subsurface exploration, laboratory tests and some assumptions. As the exploration is
limited to only one borehole, it is often possible that soil strata observed from bore
log profile to that of actual field strata could vary due to limitations in exploration of
boreholes. If soil conditions encountered during construction differs from those
described herein, concerned person at construction is requested to notify the same
immediately, in order that a review may be made and any supplementary
recommendations be provided. It is recommended that the suggested bearing
capacity values to be ascertained during construction phase through field testing
methods.

Page 12 of 18
 APPENDIX – I
Borehole Loca on
APPENDIX – II
Field Bore-Logs
 BORELOG

Borehole - 01 Depth of Bore : 5.00 Mtr

Thickness of Layer (M)

Un Disturbed Sample

Core Recovery (%)

Method of Boring

Disturbed Sample
S.P.T. No. of Blows
Bore Diameter

Depth ( M)

RQD (%)
N- Value
Hatching

Remark
G.W.L.
Casing

VISUAL SOIL
DESCRIPTION N1 N2 N3

0.00 0.00
Non plastic silty
8 10 13 23 0.50
1.50 Sand mix rock
particles
1.00 1.00

15 27 32 59 1.50

2.00 2.00 15.33 NIL

3.00 21 31 35 66 3.00
Highly weathered
3.50 rock of weak in
3.50 18.00 NIL
strength
Machine Driling

4.00
Not Used
150 mm.
-

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

9.00

Report No-VGPL / 23-24 / 0412/ 002 Vishwas Geotech Pvt Ltd.

 APPENDIX – III
Summary of Laboratory Tests
 Vishwas Geotech Pvt. Ltd. Borehole Lat: TABLE - 2
SUMMARY OF EXPLORATION DATA Co-ordinates Long:
Ahmedabad Borehole - 01
Particle Atterberg's Shear Consoli For
Size Limit Parameters Test Rock
Analysis

Unconfined Compressive Strength (kg/cm )

2
Gravel % - 4.75 mm & above

Modulus of Elasticity (Mpa)

Sand % - 0.075 to 4.75 mm

Natural Moisture Wn %
Clay % - Less than 0.002 mm

Water Absorption (%)

Silt % - 0.002 to 0.075 mm

Free Swell Index (%)

Cohesion kg/sq.cm.
Sample No. & Type

Specific Gravity Gs
Dry Density gm/cc
IS Classification

Plasticity Index

p.c. kg/sq.cm.
Depth in mtr.

Liquid Limit

Plastic Limit

Type of Test

Silt Factor
Hatching

Hardness
Visual Description

Porosity
Degree
of Soil & Stratum

c.c.
To

No.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

0.00 0.50 DS SM 9 72 19 21 NP NP
Non plastic silty
Sand mix rock
0.50 0.95 SPT SM 12 74 14 18 NP NP
particles
1.00 1.45 UDS SM 16 66 18 19 NP NP 1.61 5.20 2.63 0.00 32 DUU

1.50 1.95 SPT HWR

Highly weathered
2.00 3.00 UDS HWR 1.67 2.66 5.40 0.37 2 36 11659
rock of weak in
strength
3.00 3.45 SPT HWR

3.50 5.00 UDS HWR 1.69 2.68 5.20 0.37 2 47 12822

Report No-VGPL / 23-24 / 0412/002 Vishwas Geotech Pvt Ltd.

 SIEVE ANALYSIS ( IS -2720 Part -4 )

BH: Nr. : 1
Depth: m : 0.00
Weight of Sample Taken (g) : 193.32
Wt. Of Sample retained on 0.075mm Sieve (g) : 156.59
Wt. Of Sample Passing through 0.075mm Sieve (g) : 36.73

Cumulative Cumulative
I.S Sieve Weight of Soil Cumulative Wt.of Soil
Percentage retained Percentage
Designation (mm) retained (g) retained (g)
(%) Passing (%)
20.000 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
10.000 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
4.750 17.40 17.40 9.00 91.00
2.000 44.46 61.86 32.00 68.00
1.180 25.13 86.99 45.00 55.00
0.425 25.13 112.13 58.00 42.00
0.075 44.46 156.59 81.00 19.00

Grain Size Distribution Curve

Clay Silt FS MS CS Gravel

100 100.00100.00
90 91.00
80
Percent Finer by Weight

70 68.00
60
55.00
50
40 42.00
30
20 19.00
10
0 Silt Factor = 0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000 100.000
 SIEVE ANALYSIS ( IS -2720 Part -4 )

BH: Nr. : 1
Depth: m : 0.50
Weight of Sample Taken (g) : 194.23
Wt. Of Sample retained on 0.075mm Sieve (g) : 167.04
Wt. Of Sample Passing through 0.075mm Sieve (g) : 27.19

Cumulative Cumulative
I.S Sieve Weight of Soil Cumulative Wt.of Soil
Percentage retained Percentage
Designation (mm) retained (g) retained (g)
(%) Passing (%)
20.000 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
10.000 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
4.750 23.31 23.31 12.00 88.00
2.000 40.79 64.10 33.00 67.00
1.180 25.25 89.35 46.00 54.00
0.425 25.25 114.60 59.00 41.00
0.075 52.44 167.04 86.00 14.00

Grain Size Distribution Curve

Clay Silt FS MS CS Gravel

100 100.00100.00
90 88.00
80
Percent Finer by Weight

70
67.00
60
54.00
50
40 41.00
30
20
14.00
10
0 Silt Factor = 0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000 100.000
 SIEVE ANALYSIS ( IS -2720 Part -4 )

BH: Nr. : 1
Depth: m : 1.50
Weight of Sample Taken (g) : 195.34
Wt. Of Sample retained on 0.075mm Sieve (g) : 160.18
Wt. Of Sample Passing through 0.075mm Sieve (g) : 35.16

Cumulative Cumulative
I.S Sieve Weight of Soil Cumulative Wt.of Soil
Percentage retained Percentage
Designation (mm) retained (g) retained (g)
(%) Passing (%)
20.000 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
10.000 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
4.750 31.25 31.25 16.00 84.00
2.000 42.98 74.23 38.00 62.00
1.180 20.51 94.74 48.50 51.50
0.425 20.51 115.25 59.00 41.00
0.075 44.93 160.18 82.00 18.00

Grain Size Distribution Curve

Clay Silt FS MS CS Gravel

100 100.00100.00
90
84.00
80
Percent Finer by Weight

70
60 62.00
50 51.50
40 41.00
30
20 18.00
10
0 Silt Factor = 0
0.001 0.010 0.100 1.000 10.000 100.000
 APPENDIX – IV
Sample SBC Calcula on
 Geotechnical Investigation Report
Annexure

Safe Bearing capacity calculation for shallow foundation

(IS: 6403, IS: 8009 part I, IS: 1904)
Structure : Bridge
Location : BR-2A, CH-6000.500

G.L 0.000

D = 1.00 m
F.L -1.000 B = 3.0 m

1.5 x B
Founding Strata

Description Unit Value

General Data:
R.L of the Borehole m 0.000
Founding Level m -1.000
R.L of Strata where SBC is required m -1.000
Field data:
Description of Strata where SBC is required Very dense Silty Sand

Observed average SPT N value at founding level - 50

Corrected average SPT N value (from borelog) - 50
Angle of internal friction of soil (Ø) (as per IS 6403 fig 1) (Conservative)* Deg 32.00
Foundation details:
Type of foundation Raft
Shape of foundation Rectangle
Width of foundation (B) m 3.00*
Length of foundation (L) m 1.83*
Depth of base of open foundation from GL (Df ) m 1.00
Depth of Replacement m 0.0
Depth of bottom of Replacement below G.L m 1.00
Angle of inclination of open foundation (a) Deg 0.0
Depth of Ground Water Table below Ground level, Considered m 5.0
Bulk unit weight of bearing soil layer (g) (Assumed)* 3 1.70*
t/m
Effective unit weight of bearing soil layer (gsub) t/m3 0.70
Effective overburden pressure at base of foundation with respect to Ground Water
Table (q) t/m2 1.70
Factor of Safety (FOS) - 2.5
*Assumed values

Bearing Capacity based on Shear Criteria as per IS: 6403

2
Considered cohesion © t/m 0.0
Considered Angle of internal friction (Ø) Deg 32
As 28° ≤ Ø ≤ 36° it is Intermediate Shear failure.
 Geotechnical Investigation Report
Annexure

Net allowable bearing

As 28° ≤ Ø ≤ 36° it is interpolation of General and Local shear failures
capcity (qd) =
Effective width (B) m 3.0
Effective Length (L) m 1.8
Depth of shear zone below foundation base m 2.7

Reduced Angle of internal friction of bearing soil considered (Ø') Deg 23.00

Nc = 33.34 N'c = 18.36

Bearing Capacity Factors (IS 6403 table 1) Nq = 21.38 N'q = 8.96
Ng = 27.53 N'g = 8.68
Inclination Factors (IS 6403 cl:
Shape Factors (IS 6403 table 2) Depth Factors (IS 6403 cl: 5.1.2.2)
5.1.2.3)
Sc = 1.33 dc = 1.12 ic = 1.00
Sq = 1.33 dq = 1.06 iq = 1.00
Sg = 0.34 dg = 1.06 ig = 1.00
Water Table Correction Factor W' (As per IS 6403 clause 5.1.2.4)
= 0.60
(Conservative approach)

As 28° ≤ Ø ≤ 36° it is interpolation of General

=
Net Ultimate bearing capacity (qd) and Local shear failures
= 44.01 t/m2
= 44.01/2.5 t/m2
Net Safe bearing capacity (qns) qd / FOS
= 17 t/m2

Bearing Capacity based on Settlement Criteria as per IS: 8009 (Part-I)

2 m 0.015
Settlement per unit pressure (10t/m ) (IS 8009 part 1 fig: 9) (Conservative approach)
mm 15
D/√(LB) - 0.427
L/B - 0.61
Depth correction factor (IS 8009 part 1 fig: 12) - 0.85
Rigidity factor (IS 8009 part 1 cl: 9.5.2) - 0.8
Water Table correction factor (IS 8009 part 1 fig: 9) - 0.5
Corrected settlement mm 20.4
2
Bearing pressure for 50mm settlement t/m 24

Hence, allowable bearing capacity at Founding Level (qall) t/m2 15.0