What does ATP stand for?
Write a word equation for the hydrolysis of ATP
Label the ATP molecule
Describe how ATP is different
from ADP
Define these words:
Adenine
Ribose
Phosphate
Hydrolysis reaction
Condensation reaction
Phosphorylation
Fill in the names of the processes that ATP is used for
Provides the energy needed to build
macromolecules from their basic units
Write a word equation for the synthesis of ATP Provides the energy for muscle contraction,
energy is needed for the filaments to slide
over each other and shorten the length of the
muscle fibre
Name the enzyme that catalyses the synthesis of ATP Provides the energy to change the shape of
carrier proteins in plasma membranes so
molecules can be transported against their
List the three ways that the phosphate molecule can be added to ADP concentration gradient
to produce ATP Used to form lysosomes for the secretion of
cell products
1. The inorganic phosphate released can
phosphorylate other compounds in order to
2. make them more reactive, lowering their
activation energy in enzyme catalysed
reactions
3.
Explain why ATP is the immediate energy source of the
cell
Give 2 reasons why ATP is a better immediate energy
sources than glucose
As well as ATP and ADP, cells can also contain a
molecule called AMP (Adenosine monophosphate).
Sketch a diagram to show what this molecule would
look like
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine triphosphate
Label the ATP molecule
adenine
ribose P P P Name the enzyme that catalyses the synthesis of ATP
Describe how ATP is different
from ADP
ATP has 3 phosphate molecules,
ADP only has 2
Define these words:
Adenine a nitrogen-containing
organic base
Ribose a sugar molecule with a 5-
carbon ring structure that acts as
a backbone which the other parts
attach to
Phosphate a phosphate group,
PO4
Hydrolysis reaction a reaction
where water is used to split a
larger molecule
Condensation reaction a reaction
that releases a water molecule
Phosphorylation addition of a
phosphate group
Write a word equation for the hydrolysis of ATP
ATP + H2O → ADP + Pi + E
Write a word equation for the synthesis of ATP
ADP + Pi → ATP
ATP synthases
List the three ways that the phosphate molecule can be added to ADP
to produce ATP
4. In chlorophyll containing plant cells during photosynthesis
(photophosphorylation)
5. In plant and animal cells during respiration (oxidative
phosphorylation)
6. In plant and animal cells when phosphate groups are
transferred from donor molecules to ADP (substrate level
phosphorylation
Fill in the names of the processes that ATP is used for
Metabolic Provides the energy needed to build
processes macromolecules from their basic units
Movement Provides the energy for muscle contraction,
energy is needed for the filaments to slide
over each other and shorten the length of the
muscle fibre
Active Provides the energy to change the shape of
transport carrier proteins in plasma membranes so
molecules can be transported against their
concentration gradient
Used to form lysosomes for the secretion of
Secretion
cell products
Activation The inorganic phosphate released can
phosphorylate other compounds in order to
of
make them more reactive, lowering their
molecules
activation energy in enzyme catalysed
reactions
Explain why ATP is the immediate energy source of the
cell The phosphate bonds are unstable so easily
broken. For this reason ATP is not stored long-term.
Most cells only store a few seconds worth as ATP can
be rapidly remade from ADP
Give 2 reasons why ATP is a better immediate energy sources than
glucose
Each ATP molecule releases less energy than a glucose molecule so
energy is released in smaller, more manageable quantities.
Hydrolysis of ATP is a single reaction that releases immediate energy.
Breakdown of glucose is a long series of reactions that takes longer
As well as ATP and ADP, cells can also contain a
molecule called AMP (Adenosine monophosphate).
Sketch a diagram to show what this molecule would
look like
Same as ATP but only one phosphate group instead of
three