Name: Quiz(Application of Transformer)

Distribution System and Substation Design March 22,2023

I. Identify the Parts of a transformer

II. Solve for the following problems

Induced EMF equation
Ep=4.44fNp𝝓m(10-8)
Es=4.44fNs𝝓m(10-8)
𝝓m= β A Tesla=(Weber/m2), Gauss=(Maxwell/cm2)

Highest Safe Input Voltage

E1 F 1
=
E2 F 2

Transformer Ratio
E1 V 1 I 2 N1 Z1 N1 2 2
= = = = 𝞪 =( ) =𝞪
E2 V 2 I 1 N 2 Z2 N2

Shifting Transformer Parameters from Primary to Secondary or

Vice-Versa
N1 2 N2 2
Re1=R1+R2( ) Re2=R2+R1 ( ) Re1=α2Re2
N2 N1
N1 2 N2 2
Xe1=X1+X2 ( ) Xe2=X2+X1 ( ) Xe1=α2Xe2
N2 N1
Ze1=√ ( R e1 ) 2+ ( X e1 ) 2 Ze2=√ ( R e2 ) 2+ ( X e2 ) 2
=Re1 + jXe1 =Re2 + jXe2

Voltage equation referred to the primary and secondary side

E1=Vg+(I1)(Ze1) E1∠𝚹= Vg∠0o+(I1∠𝚹)(Ze1∠𝚹)

E2=Vl+(I2)(Ze2) E2∠𝚹= Vl∠0o+(I2∠𝚹)(Ze2∠𝚹)

1.The maximum flux density in the core of a 2400/240-V, 60 Hz
single-phase distribution transformer is 1.25 Tesla. If the
voltage induced per turn is 10 volts. Determine the cross-
sectional area of the core in cm2.
2. The net cross section of a transformer is 10 square inches.
The maximum flux density is 10kilogausses. The frequency is 60
Hz. If there are 2000 turns in the primary. Determine the primary
induced emf.
3.A 25-cycle, Transformer has 1,250 primary turns and 250
secondary turns if the maximum value of the mutual flux is 3x10 6
Maxwells, calculate a. The primary and Secondary induced voltages
b. The ratio of transformation.
4.A certain transformer has a ratio of 8 is to 1. The primary
winding resistance 0.00283 ohms per turn and has 1155 more turns
than the secondary winding. If the copper losses in the primary
is 20% less than in the secondary, find the resistance of the
secondary winding.
5.A 100 kVA, 7200/240-V single-phase transformer has the
following resistances and reactances. Find the primary voltage
required to produce 240 V at the secondary terminals at full
load, when the power factor is 0.85 lagging. r1=4 ohms, x1=20
ohms & r2=0.04 ohms, x2=0.2 ohms.
6.A 20 kVA, 2400/4800-V, single-phase distribution transformer
has a primary and secondary winding impedances of 7.6 + j11 and
0.3 + j0.7 ohms respectively. Calculate the voltage across the
primary and secondary terminals at full load, 80% power factor
lagging. When the primary is supplied with 2400 volts.
7.A 100-kVA 4800/480-Volt 60 cycle Transformer has the following
constants: r1=4.5, x1=8.5 & r2=0.08, x2=0.07. Calculate the
following values in Primary and Secondary Terms. Re, Xe, Ze
8.A 230/460 transformer has a primary resistance of 0.2 ohm and
reactance of 0.5 ohm and the corresponding values for the
secondary are 0.75 ohms and 1.8 ohms respectively. What is the
secondary voltage when supplying at 460V, 0.8 pf lagging?
9.Given a 2300/230 transformer with primary voltage of
2369.6∠20V and secondary equivalent impedance of 10+j5.
Determine the primary, secondary and power factor of the
transformer.
10.A 75 kVA, 2400/4800-V, single-phase distribution transformer
has the following constants: r1=6, x1=10 & r2=0.6, x2=0.10. Find
the primary and secondary voltage required to produce 2400 V and
4800 V at the secondary terminals at full load, when the power
factor is 0.8 lagging.