UNIVERSITY OF THE EAST - Manila

College of Engineering

Department of Electrical Engineering

Experiment No. 3

POWER IN DC CIRCUITS

NEE-2102 / ECE1

WEDNESDAY / 1:30 – 4:30

ROBERT ANDREY R. ANDAYA

OCTOBER 21, 2020

ENGR. ERNILYN DE GUZMAN

PROFESSOR
I. Laboratory Manual

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II. Data / Results

Procedure 9.

 Use the measurement to calculate the power dissipated in the circuit.

Answer. @120 V, 120 Ω

V = 120 V I = 1 A
P = 1 × 120 = 120 W
@220 V, 440 Ω
V = 220 V I = .5 A
P = 220 × .5 = 110 W
@240 V, 480 Ω
V = 240 V I = .5 A
P = 240 × .5 = 120 W

Procedure 11.
 Double the circuit resistance value. Turn on the Power Supply and
adjust the voltage control knob to 100%. Use the virtual
instrumentation to record the measurement in the Data Table, then turn
off the power Supply.

Answer. @120 V, 240 Ω

V = 120 V

I = .5 A

@220 V, 880 Ω

V = 220 V

I = .25 A

@240 V, 960 Ω

V = 240 V

I = .25 A

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 Procedure 12.

 Calculate the power dissipated by the resistor using the three forms of the power
formula.

Answer.

@120 V

P = 120 × .5 = 60 W

P = (.5)2 × 240 = 60 W

1202
P= = 60 W
240

@220 V

P = .25 × 220 = 55 W

P = (.25)2 × 880 = 55 W

2202
P= = 55 W
880

@240 V

P = .25 × 240 = 60 W

P = (.25)2 × 960 = 60 W

2402
P= = 60 W
960

Procedure 13. Do the three formulas give approximately the same result.

Answer. Yes

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 Procedure 15.

 Record the measurement in the Data table.

Answer

@120 V
IT = .196 A
V1 = 33. V R1 = 170 Ω
V2 = 47.1 V R2 = 200 Ω
V3 = 39.3 V R3 = 240 Ω

@220 V
IT = .0981 A
V1 = 61.7 R1 = 629 Ω
V2 = 71.9 R2 = 733 Ω
V3 = 86.4 R3 = 880 Ω

@240 V
IT = .0981 A
V1 = 67.3 V R1 = 686 Ω
V2 = 78.5 V R2 = 733 Ω
V3 = 94.2 V R3 = 960 Ω

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 Procedure 16.

 Calculate the power dissipated by each resistor using the measurements from the
Data Table.

Procedure 17.

 Calculate the total power dissipated and compare it to the total power supplied by
the source

Answer. (For 16 & 17)

@120 V
P171 = 33.6 × .196 = 6.5856 W

P200 = 39.3 × .196 = 7.7616 W

P240 = 47.1 × .196 = 9.2316 W

PT = 6.5856 + 7.7616 + 9.2316 = 23.5788 W

PT = 120 × .196 = 23.52 W

@220 V

P629 = 61.7 × .0981 = 6.0528 W

P733 = 71.9 × .0981 = 7.0534 W

P880 = 86.4 × .0981 = 8.4758 W

PT = 6.0528 + 7.0534 + 8.4758 = 21.582 W

PT = 220 × .0981 = 21.582 W

@240 V

P686 = 67.3 × .0981 = 6.60213 W

P800 = 78.5 × .0981 = 7.70085 W

P960 = 94.2 × .0981 = 9.24102 W

PT = 6.60213 + 7.70085 + 9.24102 = 23.544 W

PT = 240 × .0981 = 23.544 W

Procedure 20.

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 Turn on the Power Supply and set the voltage control knob at about 75%. Use the
Record Data button to record the measurement for current, return the voltage to
zero and turn off the Power supply.

Procedure 21.

 Calculate the power dissipated by each of the resistor.

Procedure 22.

 Calculate the total power dissipated, and compare it to the total power supplied by
the source.

Answer. (For 21 & 22)

@90 V

P1 = (.147)2 × 171 = 3.695139 W

P2 = (.147)2 × 200 = 4.3218 W

P3 = (.147)2 × 240 = 5.1862 W

PT = 5.1862 + 4.3218 + 3.695139 = 13.2031 W

PT = 90 × .147 = 13.23 W

@165 V

P1 = (.0736)2 × 629 = 3.4072 W

P2 = (.0736)2 × 733 = 3.9706 W

P3 = (.0736)2 × 880 = 4.7669 W

PT = 3.4072 + 3.9706 + 4.7669 = 12.1447 W

PT = 165 × .0736 = 12.144 W

@180 V

P1 = (.0736)2 × 686 = 3.7160 W

P2 = (.0736)2 × 800 = 4.3336 W

P3 = (.0736)2 × 960 = 5.2003 W

PT = 3.7160 + 4.3336 + 5.2003 = 13.2499 W

PT = 180 × .0736 = 13.248 W

Procedure 18. Are the results approximately the same?

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 Answer. Yes

Procedure 24.

 Figure 1-15 shows a source voltage E S applied the parallel combination of R1 and
R2. Use the formula for finding the power from the voltage to determine the power
dissipated by each resistor, and the total power (use value of E S given in Figure 1-
15).

Procedure 25.

 Knowing that the Power Supply must furnish the total power and the source
voltage is ES, calculate the current supplied by the source.

Answer.

@120 V

(120)2
PR1 = = 84.2105 W
171

(120)2
PR2 = = 72 W
200
PT = 84.2105 + 72 = 156.2105 W

156.2105
I= = 1.3018 A
120
@220 V

(220)2
PR1 = = 76.9475 W
629

(220)2
PR2 = = 66.03 W
733
PT = 76.9475 + 66.03 = 142.9775 W

142.9775
I= = 0.65 A
220
@240

(240)2
PR1 = = 83.9650 W
686

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 (240)2
PR2 = = 72 W
800
PT = 84.2105 + 72 = 155.965 W

155.965
I= = 0.65 A
240

III. Discussion

Power is an energy that is produced by mechanical, electrical, or other means and used to
operate a device. In physics power is the amount of energy transferred or converted per
unit time and also known as a scaler quantity. According to law of conservation, energy
can neither be created nor destroyed, energy can only be transferred or changed from one
form to another. A great example of this is turning a light would seem to produce energy;
however it is electrical energy that is converted. That is the gist of power from what we
know.

In circuits power is either created or consumed, in an electronic or electrical circuitry the

power rating is used to provide information about how much power the circuitry
consumes to make a proper output of it. Electrical Power is also the rate at which energy
is consumed or produced inside a circuit in a circuit. While the attached load absorbs it, a
source of energy such as a voltage can generate or deliver electricity. Energy cannot be
lost according to the law of nature, but it can be transferred, such as electrical energy
converted to mechanical energy when electricity is applied to a motor or electrical energy
converted to heat when applied to a heater. In order to provide proper heat dissipation, a
heater requires energy, which is power, which is the rated power of the heater at
maximum production. We know that the SI unit for Power is W and it is measured in
Watts.

The more power supplied to the resistor, the higher the temperature of the resistor gets.
This will put the resistor in breakdown region in which the resistor will burnout and
destroy the resistor. To prevent this from happening the resistor needs to dissipate certain
amount of power to maintain its temperature and to continue working properly. The
larger the resistor is the more power is being dissipated.

There are actually different formula to solve for Power and they are as followed:

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IV. Conclusion

 Power is such a broad word, it has a wide range of meanings, but for circuits
power is what makes our machine runs. Power makes our lives more
convenient and without power there will be no industrial revolution. Power is
really what drives the modern world.

“We live in a world where everything is being run by power”

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 V. Graphs /Computations/Pictures

@ 120 V, 120 Ω

@220 V, 440 Ω

@240 V, 480 Ω

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@120 V, 240 Ω

@220 V, 880 Ω

@240 V, 960 Ω

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@120 V

@220

@240

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@90 V

@165 V

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@180 V

@120 V

@220 V

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@240

Figure 1 – 13

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Figure 1 – 14

Figure 1 – 15

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VI. References

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 Gupta, S. (2018, April 4). DC Circuit Theory. Circuit Digest.
https://circuitdigest.com/tutorial/dc-circuit-theory

Storr, W. (2020, May 1). Ohms Law Tutorial and Power in Electrical Circuits. Basic
Electronics Tutorials. https://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/dccircuits/dcp_2.html

The Laws of Thermodynamics | Boundless Chemistry. (n.d.). Boundless. Retrieved

October 20, 2020, from https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-chemistry/chapter/the-
laws-of thermodynamics/#:%7E:text=The%20first%20law%20of%20thermodynamics%2C
%20also%20known%20as,however%2C%20it%20is%20electrical%20energy%20that%20is
%20converted.

What is power? (Article) | Work and energy. (n.d.). Khan Academy. Retrieved October
20, 2020, from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/work-and-energy/work-and-
energy-tutorial/a/what-is-power

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