Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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Vet. glasnik 69 (3-4) 205 - 217 (2015) Tambur Z. i sar.: Ispitivanje osetljivosti na
antibiotike sojeva Campylobacter jejuni i Campylobacter coli poreklom od brojlera
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Vet. glasnik 69 (3-4) 205 - 217 (2015) Tambur Z. i sar.: Ispitivanje osetljivosti na
antibiotike sojeva Campylobacter jejuni i Campylobacter coli poreklom od brojlera
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Vet. glasnik 69 (3-4) 205 - 217 (2015) Tambur Z. i sar.: Ispitivanje osetljivosti na
antibiotike sojeva Campylobacter jejuni i Campylobacter coli poreklom od brojlera
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Vet. glasnik 69 (3-4) 205 - 217 (2015) Tambur Z. i sar.: Ispitivanje osetljivosti na
antibiotike sojeva Campylobacter jejuni i Campylobacter coli poreklom od brojlera
Rezultati / Results
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Vet. glasnik 69 (3-4) 205 - 217 (2015) Tambur Z. i sar.: Ispitivanje osetljivosti na
antibiotike sojeva Campylobacter jejuni i Campylobacter coli poreklom od brojlera
CIP 16,7 0,0 83,3 60,0 0,0 40,0 43,8 0,0 56,2
ERY 83,3 0,0 16,7 90,0 0,0 10,0 87,5 0,0 12,5
TET 16,7 0,0 83,3 40,0 10,0 50,0 31,2 6,3 62,5
Legenda: Rezis – rezistentan, Int – intermedijarno osetljiv, ERY – eritromicin, CIP – ciprofloksacin,
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Vet. glasnik 69 (3-4) 205 - 217 (2015) Tambur Z. i sar.: Ispitivanje osetljivosti na
antibiotike sojeva Campylobacter jejuni i Campylobacter coli poreklom od brojlera
Diskusija / Discussion
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Vet. glasnik 69 (3-4) 205 - 217 (2015) Tambur Z. i sar.: Ispitivanje osetljivosti na
antibiotike sojeva Campylobacter jejuni i Campylobacter coli poreklom od brojlera
odnosno po jedan soj svake vrste. Ovo je relativno značajan procenat rezistencije
na makrolide ako se uzme u obzir da je ispitan relativno mali broj sojeva
kampilobakterija. Kada se analiziraju rezultati dobijeni u drugim istraživanjima,
može se uočiti da je stopa rezistencije na makrolide kod kampilobakterija relativno
niska. U državama Evropske unije u periodu od 1997. do 2003. godine stopa
rezistencije C. jejuni i C. coli poreklom od ljudi iznosila je do 2% (Austrija, Švedska
i Velika Britanija) (Aarestrup, 2006). S druge strane, u Bosni i Hercegovini je
u navedenom periodu stopa rezistencije na makrolide kod kampilobakterija
izolovanih od ljudi iznosila 22% (Uzunovic-Kamberovic, 2003). U veterinarskoj
medicini makrolidi se već decenijama široko primenjuju kod svih vrsta životinja tako
da je rezistencija na makrolide kod kampilobakterija izolovanih od svinja i živine
gotovo normalna pojava. Jedan od najšire korišćenih antibiotika u veterinarskoj
medicini je tilozin, naročito kod svinja. Osim toga, ovaj makrolid se decenijama
upotrebljavao kao promoter rasta kod životinja, sve dok konačno nije zabranjena
njegova upotreba u te svrhe 1999. godine u EU, ali se ovaj antibiotik i dalje koristi
na drugim kontinentima (Aarestrup i sar., 1997). U Španiji je 1998. godine od
svih ispitanih sojeva C. coli izolovanih od svinja čak 81% bilo rezistentno na
eritromicin (Saenz i sar., 2000). Avrain i sar., 2003. u Francuskoj ustanovili su da
je rezistencija na eritromicin kod sojeva C. jejuni izolovanih od živine bila relativno
niska i iznosila je 0,3% ali je kod sojeva C. coli iznosila 31%. Dakle, rezistencija
na makrolide veća je kod kampilobakterija izolovanih od svinja nego od živine.
Na osnovu istraživanja u okviru programa NARMS (National Antimicrobial
Resistance Monitoring System, USA) u periodu, od 2007. do 2011. ispitano je
1163 soja C. coli i C. jejuni izolovanih od ljudi, (124 godišnje), rezistencija na
makrolide je detektovana kod 1,7% sojeva C. jejuni i 2,7% sojeva C. coli (FDA/
CDC/USDA, 2013). Nisu bile detektovane promene u trendu rezistencije u tom
periodu. U okviru istog programa ispitano je 393 soja kampilobakterija izolovanih
iz uzoraka živinskog mesa uzorkovanih iz maloprodajnih objekata, a rezistencija
na makrolide je nađena kod 0,5% sojeva C. jejuni i kod 4,3% sojeva C. coli.
Agencija za javno zdravlje Kanade (Public Health Agency of Canada) objavila
je rezultate istraživanja osetljivosti na antibiotike kampilobakterija izolovanih od
životinja sprovodenih u okviru programa CIPARS (Canadian Integrated Program
for Antimicrobial resistance Surveillance) (Public Health Agency of Canada,
2012; Public Health Agency of Canada, 2013). Rezistencija na makrolide nađena
je 2010. godine kod 6,3% sojeva i 2011. kod 4,3% sojeva kampilobakterija
izolovanih iz uzoraka fecesa brojlera. Ako se rezultati našeg istraživanja uporede
sa rezultatima istraživanja iz drugih delova sveta, može se uočiti da je značajno
veći procenat rezistencije na makrolide detektovan u Republici Srbiji. Ipak, za
bolji uvid u ovu problematiku trebalo bi ispitati veći broj sojeva kampilobakterija.
Osnovni problem je što još uvek ne postoji ni jedan nacionalni program monitoringa
rezistencije na kampilobakterije poreklom od životinja u Republici Srbiji pomoću
koga bi se finansirala ova vrlo skupa istraživanja. Interesantno je da se u humanoj
medicinskoj praksi u većini zdravstvenih intstitucija i dalje empirijski bira eritromicin
kao lek prvog izbora za terapiju kampilobakterioze uprkos rezultatima velikog
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Vet. glasnik 69 (3-4) 205 - 217 (2015) Tambur Z. i sar.: Ispitivanje osetljivosti na
antibiotike sojeva Campylobacter jejuni i Campylobacter coli poreklom od brojlera
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Vet. glasnik 69 (3-4) 205 - 217 (2015) Tambur Z. i sar.: Ispitivanje osetljivosti na
antibiotike sojeva Campylobacter jejuni i Campylobacter coli poreklom od brojlera
u 19 država Evrope ukupno otkriveno čak 76,6% sojeva C. coli i 57,2% sojeva
C. jejuni izolovanih od brojlera koji su bili rezistentni na ciprofloksacin (EFSA/
ECDC, 2013). U Meksiku je od 2003. do 2006. godine detektovana rezistencija
na ciprofloksacin kod čak 86,3% sojeva izolovanih od živine (Zaidi i sar., 2012).
Za razliku od toga rezistencija kod termofilnih Campylobacter vrsta poreklom od
živine u Norveškoj na ciprofloksacin u 2006. godini je bila jako niska (2,7%).
Razloge treba tražiti u činjenici da fluorohinoloni nisu odobreni za upotrebu kod
brojlera u Norveškoj (Norström i sar., 2006 ).
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antibiotike sojeva Campylobacter jejuni i Campylobacter coli poreklom od brojlera
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ENGLISH
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antibiotike sojeva Campylobacter jejuni i Campylobacter coli poreklom od brojlera
of C. jejuni, 1 strain (10%) was resistant to erithromycin, 5 (five) examined strains (50%) to
tetracycline and 4 (four) examined strains (40%) to ciprofloxacine.
Out of 6 investigated strains of C. coli, 1 strain was resistant to erithromycin (16,7%),
5 of investigated strains to tetracycline and ciprofloxacine (83,3%) (table 1 and 2, graph 3).
Out of 16 (sixteen) investigated strains of C. jejuni and C. coli, 9 (nine) strains were
resistant to ciprofloxacine (56,2%), 2 (two) strains to erythromycine (12,5%) and 10 of in-
vestigated strains to tetracycline (62,5%).
РУССКИЙ
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