1

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Chapter III

MATERIALS AND METHOD

This chapter consists of the methods of research used in the study, sources of data,

data gathering instrument, data gathering procedure, materials and procedures and

statistical treatment of data.

Methods of Research

The study will utilize descriptive and developmental methods of research that assess

the acceptability of Origami-Inspired Ceiling Light Diffuser and its User’s Manual.

Descriptive research is a common investigatory model used by researchers in

various fields, including social sciences, linguistics, and academia. To conduct effective

research, you must understand the who, what, and where of the scenario or target

population. Acquiring sufficient knowledge about the research topic is a critical component

of successful research. (Dovetail Editorial Team 2023)

Developmental research when it comes to engineering and technology is the

systematic study of design, development and evaluation processes to establish an empirical

basis for the creation of instructional and non-instructional product tools and new or

enhanced models that govern their development. (Ramirez, 2020).

Both methods will be used to evaluate the performance of the developed Origami-

Inspired Ceiling Light Diffuser in terms of design, ease of use, lighting distribution,

lighting control and flexibility and maintenance.(Variables Based from SitelogIQ (2023)

“Lighting Design Consideration). On the other hand, the developed User’s Manual for the
 23

Origami-Inspired Ceiling Light Diffuser will be assessed in terms of comprehensibility,

functionality and completeness based on the study of Miciano (2019) about Manual of

Operation as perceived by the Homeowners from Xevera - Neo Calapan Subdivision and

Licensed Architects from Oriental Mindoro.

Sources of Data

The main sources of data of this study will be self-structured evaluation checklists

which will contain feedbacks of the respondents of the developed Origami-Inspired Ceiling

Light Diffuser and its User’s Manual. The respondents will be composed of five

(5) Licensed Architect from Oriental Mindoro and twenty (20) Homeowners from Xevera

- Neo Calapan Subdivision.

Table 1.
Distribution of Respondents in Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro
Group of respondent Number of respondent
Homeowners from Xevera – Neo 20
Calapan Subdivision
Licensed Architects from Oriental 5
Mindoro
Total 25

Data Gathering Instrument

A self-structured evaluation checklists will be used as the research instrument of

this study which will be validated by the expert. The checklist deals with the items to

evaluate the performance evaluation of Origami Inspired Ceiling Light Diffuser and its

User’s Manual.
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On the other hand, 4-likert scale is a rating scale used to measure opinions, attitudes,

or behaviors. It consists of a statement or a question, followed by a series of five or seven

answer statements. Respondents choose the option that best corresponds with how they

feel about the statement or question. (Bhandari et al. 2020)

In addition, likert scale is a rating system used in questionnaires, that is designed

to measure people’s attitudes, opinions, or perceptions. Subjects choose from a range of

possible responses to a specific question or statement; responses typically include

“strongly agree,” “agree,” “neutral,” “disagree,” and “strongly disagree.” (Jamieson 2023)

The Likert Scale with the Descriptive Value is presented in table 2.

Table 2.
Four – Point Likert Rating Scale.

Rating Scale Range Descriptive Rating

4 3.50-4.49 AGREE
3 2.50-3.49 NEUTRAL
2 1.50-2.49 DISAGREE
1 1.00-1.49 STRONGLY
DISAGREE

Data Gathering Procedure

The researcher will personally administer and retrieve the checklist to ensure the

high return percentage of the form. After gathering, the checklist data gathered will be

table, tabulated and statistically treated for analysis interpretation.

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MATERIAL / SERVICE AND PROCEDURE

The tools, equipment and materials in assembling the Origami-Inspired Ceiling

Light Diffuser and its User’s Manual.

I. Development of the Origami –Inspired Ceiling Light Diffuser

A. PLANNING AND DESIGNING

The Origami – Inspired Ceiling Light Diffuser will be designed through sketching

and transferring it to SketchUp Application.

B. BILLING OF TOOLS AND MATERIALS

Table 3:
Billing of tools for the Development of the Origami-Inspired Ceiling Light
Diffuser.
Tools Specification Quantity Unit cost Total cost

Soldering Iron 220 V 1 Php 174.00 Php 174.00

Plies Stanley Heavy Duty 1 set Php 255.00 Php 255.00

Screw Driver Stanley Magnetic 1 set Php 53.00 Php 53.00

Multi-tester Sanwa AC/DC up to 1 Php 159.00 Php 159.00

1000 Volts
TOTAL Php 647.00
 26

Table 4:
Billing of materials for the Development of the Origami-Inspired Ceiling Light Diffuser.
Materials Specification Unit cost Total cost
Holographic 15x19 inches Php 810.00 Php 810.00
diffuser film
Control switch Remote Control 10 Php 454.00 Php 454.00
Amp Wide Range
Stainless steel .6 mm / 1.5 cm Php 229.00 Php 229.00
spring wire length
Wires 6 meter Php 300.00 Php 300.00

TOTAL Php 1,793.00

Table 5:
Summary of the billing of Tools and Materials for the Development of the Origami-
Inspired Ceiling Light Diffuser.
Tools Php 647.00
Materials Php 1,793.00
Labor Php 350.00
TOTAL Php 2,790.00

C. ASSEMBLING

1. Planning and designing the concept in developing the Origami-Inspired Ceiling Light

Diffuser using SketchUp Application.

2. Billing of all materials needed for the project

3. Lay out and circuit designing of the developed Origami-Inspired Ceiling Light

Diffuser

4. Sketching /3d modelling of the product

5. Mounting components of the developed Origami-Inspired Ceiling Light Diffuser

 27

6. Assembling the parts needed for the developed product

7. Testing and calibration of the prototype product

Process Flow

Figure 1. Presents the Process Flow in developing the Origami – Inspired Ceiling
Light Diffuser

Figure 1. Development and Evaluation Process Flow of Origami-Inspired Ceiling

Light Diffuser.
 28

Diagram of the View of the Developed Origami-Inspired Ceiling Light

Diffuser.
Figure 2 shows the multi-view perspective in a bottom view and side view of the
Developed Origami-Inspired Ceiling Light Diffuser.

BOTTOM VIEW SIDE VIEW

Figure 2. Bottom and Side View of the Developed Origami-Inspired Ceiling

Light Diffuser.
Figure 3 shows the block diagram of the Developed Origami-Inspired Ceiling
Light Diffuser.

Figure 3. Block Diagram of the Developed Origami-Inspired Ceiling Light Diffuser

 29

Figure 4 shows the Wiring Diagram of the Developed Origami-Inspired Ceiling Light

Diffuser.

Figure 4 . Wiring Diagram of the Developed Origami-Inspired Ceiling Light

Diffuser

II. Development of the User’s Manual for the Origami-Inspired Ceiling Light

Diffuser.

A. PLANNING AND DESIGNING

The Developed User’s Manual for the Origami-Inspired Ceiling Light Diffuser is

planned through sketching and transferring it to the SketchUp application.

B. BILLING OF MATERIALS

Table 6
Billing of materials for the Development of the User’s Manual for the Origami-
Inspired Ceiling Light Diffuser.

Materials Specification Quantity Unit cost Total cost

Epson Printer Ink Epson Claria 1 set Php 285.00 Php 285.00
Premium Inks
Hardcopy Coupon 70 gsm 1 rim Php 270.00 Php 270.00
Bond
TOTAL Php 555.00
 30

C. Procedure

1. Planning and designing the User’s Manual of the Origami-Inspired Ceiling

Light Diffuser using the SketchUp application.

2. Lay-outing the User’s Manual design using Microsoft Publisher (2013).

3. Arranging and labeling the illustration of the parts and user’s guide of the

Origami-Inspired Ceiling Light Diffuser using Microsoft Publisher (2013).

4. Writing content including product description, parts, instructions and

user’s guide.

5. Proofreading the contents of the User’s Manual.

6. Finalizing the design and content of the User’s Manual.

7. Evaluating the developed User’s Manual using the given criteria.

 31

Process Flow

Figure 5. Presents the Process Flow in developing the User’s Manual for the Origami-
Inspired Ceiling Light Diffuser.

Planning and Evaluating the

Designing developed User’s
Manual

Figure 5. Process Flow in Developing User’s Manual for the Origami-Inspired

Ceiling Light Diffuser.

Figure 6 shows the design of the Developed User’s Manual for the Origami-Inspired
Ceiling Light Diffuser

Figure 6. The Developed User’s Manual for the Origami-Inspired Ceiling Light
Diffuser.
 32

Statistical Treatment of Data

This study utilized weighted mean and Kruskal-Wallis H test as a statistical tool.

Weighted Mean. This is use to determine the perception of the respondents about the

Origami Meets Lighting: Development and Performance Evaluation of an Origami-

Inspired Ceiling Light Diffuser and its user’s manual in terms of style.

Kruskal – Walis Test. It was used as an analysis tool that is nonparametric equivalent of

the one-way ANOVA and is typically used when the normally assumption is violated. The

researcher will use the Kruskal – Walis to test the significant differences between the

evaluation of two groups of respondents in the performance quality of the Origami-

Inspired Ceiling Light Diffuser.

 33

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