Thermochemistry MCQ Practice AP Chemistry

1. The dissolution of an ionic solute in a polar solvent can be imagined in three steps. In step 1, the separation
between ions in the solute is greatly increased, just as will occur when the solute dissolves in the polar solvent. In
step 2, the polar solvent is expanded to make spaces that the ions will occupy. In the last step, the ions are
inserted into the spaces in the polar solvent. Which of the following best describes the enthalpy change, ΔH, for
each step?
a. All three steps are exothermic.
b. All three steps are endothermic.
c. Steps 1 and 2 are exothermic, and the final step is endothermic.
d. Steps 1 and 2 are endothermic, and the final step is exothermic.

Questions 2-7 refer to the heating curve below, showing the temperature changes of 0.250 kg of water when heated at
a constant rate at 1 atm of pressure. Assume no mass is lost during the experiment.

2. The sample of water requires the greatest input of energy during

a. The melting of ice at 0°C.
b. The heating of water from 0 °C to 100 °C.
c. The vaporization of water at 100°C.
d. The heating of steam from 100 °C to 120 °C.

3. Which of the following statements most accurately describes what is happening at o°C?
a. The average kinetic energy of the particles is increasing as heat is being absorbed.
b. The average distance between the molecules is decreasing.
c. The number of hydrogen bonds between the molecules is increasing.
d. The potential energy of the substance is decreasing.

4. The heat of fusion is closest to:

a. 75 kJ/kg
b. 150 kJ/kg
c. 300 kJ/kg
d. 600 kJ/kg

5. The heat of vaporization is closest to:

a. 1600 kJ/kg
b. 2300 kJ/kg
c. 3200 kJ/kg
d. 4000 kJ/kg
Thermochemistry MCQ Practice AP Chemistry

6. The specific heat of water vapor is closest to:

a. 2.0 kJ/kg°C
b. 4.2 kJ/kg°C
c. 6.0 kJ/kg°C
d. 8.4 kJ/kg°C

7. Which of the following statements most accurately explains the disparity in values of the heat of fusion and the
heat of vaporization?
a. Water molecules are moving further apart during fusion than during vaporization.
b. Water molecules are moving closer together during fusion and further apart during vaporization.
c. Vaporization occurs at a higher kinetic energy than fusion.
d. A greater number of hydrogen bonds are broken during vaporization compared to fusion.

8. Choose the reaction expected to have the greatest increase in entropy.

a. H2O(g) → H2O(l)
b. C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g)
c. 2NH3(g) → 2H2(g) + N2 (g)
d. 2KClO3(s) → 2KCl(s) + 3O2(g)

SF4(g) + F2(g) → SF6(g)

9. The reaction above is thermodynamically favorable at 298 K, but becomes not thermodynamically favorable at
higher temperatures. Which of the following is true at 298 K?
a. ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS are all positive
b. ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS are all negative
c. ΔG and ΔH are negative and ΔS is positive
d. ΔG and ΔS are negative, and ΔH is positive

10. For the reaction, H2O(l) → H2O(s)

a. ΔH < 0, ΔS > 0
b. ΔH < 0, ΔS < 0
c. ΔH > 0, ΔS > 0
d. ΔH > 0, ΔS < 0

11. Calcium iodide, CaI2, has a ΔH°soln of -104 kJ/mol. Which of the following is probably true when calcium iodide
dissolves in water?
a. The energy to break the crystal structure must be less than the energy of solvating ions.
b. As the solution dissolves, the temperature of the solution decreases.
c. Heating the solution cause more salt to dissolve
d. The entropy for the dissolving process is negative
Thermochemistry MCQ Practice AP Chemistry

12. Consider the reactions below to answer the question.

2C6H6(l) + 15O2(g) → 12CO2(g) + 6H2O(l) ΔG° = - 6400 kJ

C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(s) ΔG° = - 400 kJ
H2(g) + ½ O2(g) → H2O(l) ΔG° = - 250 kJ

What is the standard free energy change for the reaction below, as calculated from the data above?

6 C(s) + 3 H2(g) → C6H6(l)

a. – 100.0 kJ
b. – 50.0 kJ
c. 100.0 kJ
d. 50.0 kJ

N2(g) + ½O2(g) → N2O(g)

13. The reaction above is only thermodynamically favored above 550°C. Which of the following is true at 440°C?
ΔH ΔS ΔG

A + + +

B - - -

C - + -

D + - +

2 H2(g) + O2(g) → 2 H2O(g)

14. From the table below, determine the enthalpy change for the above reaction.

Bond Bond Energy

(kJ/mol)

H–H 436

O=O 499

H–O 464

a. 464 kJ
b. 485 kJ
c. – 485 kJ
d. – 443 kJ
Thermochemistry MCQ Practice AP Chemistry

15. Consider the reaction represented above at 298K. When equal volumes of N2(g) and H2(g), each at 1 atm, are
mixed in a closed container at 298 K, no formation of NH3(g) is observed. Which of the following best explains
the observation?
a. The N2(g) and the H2(g) must be mixed in a 1:3 ratio for a reaction to occur.
b. A high activation energy makes the forward reaction extremely slow at 298 K.
c. The reaction has an extremely small equilibrium constant, thus almost no product will form.
d. The reverse reaction has a lower activation energy than the forward reaction, so the forward reaction
does not occur.

16. Based on the information above, what is the standard enthalpy change for the following reaction?

Na2O(s) + H2O(l) → 2 NaOH(s)

a. x+y+z
b. x+y-z
c. x + y – 2z
d. 2z – x – y
Thermochemistry MCQ Practice AP Chemistry

MCQ Answers:

1) D

2) C

3) B

4) C

5) B

6) A

7) D

8) D

9) B

10) B

11) A

12) D

13) A

14) C

15) B

16) D