Obl Cpar Modules

Saint Louis University
LABORATORY HIGH SCHOOL – SENIOR HIGH

Department of Languages (L12)
RF-LSH-003
COURSE GUIDE
I. Course Title: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions (CPAR)
II. Course Overview
A. Introduction
Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions is a core subject for grade 12 senior
high school students across all strands in the academic track.
The subject aims to provide you with an appreciation of a broad range of styles in the
various disciplines with consideration on elements and principles and engage you to
an integrative approach in studying arts. Through this subject, may you acquire and
broaden the necessary creative tools that open opportunities in pursuing your
individual career goals and aspirations.
Whereas academics satiate your inquisitiveness; arts enchant your ingenuities.
B. Course Learning Outcomes
To address the impact of the current health crisis on the basic education system in the
country, the Department of Education (DepEd) has released the following Most
Essential Learning Competencies (MELCs) that you must acquire.
1. Research on various contemporary 7. Explicate the use of available

art forms, techniques, and materials and the application of
performance practices. techniques.
2. Describe various contemporary art 8. Conceptualize contemporary art
forms and practices from the various based on techniques and
regions. performance practices in the locality.
3. Explain Filipino artists’ roles and 9. Apply artistic skills and techniques in
identify their contribution to the process of creation.
contemporary arts.
4. Analyze contemporary art forms 10. Create the intended final product
based on the elements and using appropriate materials for the
principles. best possible output.
5. Relate the significance of arts forms 11. Incorporate contemporary
from the regions. characteristics to one’s creation with
attention to detail.
6. Critique available local materials and 12. Promote arts from the regions.
appropriate techniques used in
creating art.
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C. Module, Unit Topics, and Study Schedule
FIRST GRADING PERIOD

MODULE CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS AND PRACTICES
1 FROM THE VARIOUS REGIONS
Unit 1 Traditional, Modern, and Week 1
Contemporary Arts WRITTEN TASK #1
Unit 2 Features of Contemporary Art Weeks 2-3

PERFORMANCE CHECK* / TASK #1
Unit 3 Integrative Art Weeks 4-5

PERFORMANCE TASK #2
WRITTEN TASK #2
MODULE FILIPINO ARTISTS’ ROLES AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION

2 TO CONTEMPORARY ARTS
Unit 1 National Artists of the Philippines Week 6
WRITTEN TASK #3
Unit 2 National Living Treasures Weeks 7-8

World-class Artists PERFORMANCE TASK #3
SECOND GRADING PERIOD

MODULE ELEMENTS OF ART AND PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
3 IN CONTEMPORARY ARTS
Unit 1 Elements of Art and Principles Week 9
of Design WRITTEN TASK #1
Unit 2 Key Elements to Consider Week 10

in Understanding Art WRITTEN TASK #2
Unit 3 Making Art Week 11

PERFORMANCE TASK #1
MODULE LOCAL MATERIALS AND TECHNIQUES USED

4 IN CONTEMPORARY ARTS
Unit 1 Materials Used in Contemporary Art Weeks 12-13
Techniques and Production in WRITTEN TASK #3
Contemporary Art
[Unit 2] Culminating Task Weeks 14-16
PERFORMANCE TASK #2
PERFORMANCE TASK #3
*Performance Check and Performance Task are terms which are at times interchangeably used.
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III. Course Study Guide
1. Manage your time. Properly schedule your reading assignments and activity
accomplishments. Have your planner or calendar of activities ready. Remember that
you have other modules to accomplish for this semester. Try to anticipate possible
conflicts between personal and study schedules and make appropriate adjustments.
Be very conscious of your study schedule and always remind yourself of deadlines.
2. Focus your attention. Make sure that you do things one at a time.
Read each material over and over until you are able to get the gist of the lesson.
3. Owe it to yourself. In doing the assessment tasks, whether formative or summative,
target the highest standards because you are a better learner. You have the
knowledge and skills needed to finish a quality work.
4. Work independently. It is expected that you work on the modules on your own. You
can ask help from others but do your best first.
5. Answer confidently. You are encouraged to dutifully follow instructions. You can
answer more confidently when you know that you are following instructions.
6. Motivate yourself. Whatever knowledge, skills, or values and insights you gain from
this subject will definitely be of help in your life and future plans. Enjoy what you do
and everything else will follow.
7. Submit on time. Tuesdays are designated for Language 12 subjects which include
CPAR in the Schedule of Assessments; thereby, the target dates to finish written and
performance tasks fall on a Tuesday.
OBL students, you are advised to submit (upload) accomplished tasks on the
Tuesday of the week where any requirement is due. Please refer to the Study
Schedule.
CBL students, you are encouraged to regularly accomplish requirements in
time for submission every grading period. Please refer to the Study Schedule.
8. Be patient. I shall provide feedback on your work to facilitate the learning. While
waiting for my feedback, you can continue working on the other activities in order not
to miss any important part of each module.
9. Contact me. If you would need my help or some clarification in any of the modules,
please do not hesitate to send me a message through FB Messenger within
8 a.m. – 4 p.m. on any day from Mondays to Fridays; however, kindly be considerate
when you get delayed replies.
Remember I am here to ensure that we go through the completion of this subject

together.
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IV. Evaluation
Evaluation is a significant facet of learning. Without evaluation there is no learning. You

will expect your written and performance tasks to be marked or graded.
There will be three (3) written tasks and three (3) performance tasks per grading period
which are all embedded in the modules. Each written task and each performance task is
thirty (30) points. No examinations will be conducted this semester.
There also are formative assessments in the modules which will not be submitted;
however, they must be accomplished for you to truly understand or appreciate the lessons.
Remember that the right attitude put into completion of tasks is more valuable than the
grade acquired.
V. Additional Reminders/Guidelines
A. Manner of Submission
OBL students
Upload accomplished tasks to Genyo – the Learning Management System of the
Senior High School. Tangible or physical (project) outputs are submitted in Image or
JPG format.
CBL students
Print your accomplished tasks. Tangible or physical (project) outputs are submitted in
Image or JPG format to be saved in the flash drive. You may also opt to submit tasks
via Genyo LMS.
B. The Culminating Task
CREATIVE PAINTING or CREATIVE SCULPTURE

You will need to demonstrate a very good understanding of the creative process.
Choose between painting and sculpture. You should take time and effort to do the best
job possible with this final performance task. Taking the initial effort to think ahead and
plan out the steps of your artwork will spare you many problems.
Refer to pages 104-106 for the mechanics.
VI. Technological Tools
To accomplish most, if not all, of the tasks in the modules, you are encouraged to use a
smart phone and a desktop or laptop. You will need the following software applications:
Word Processing, Presentation, Publication, and Spreadsheet.
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VII. Grading System
DepEd’s Revised Assessment and Grading Policy for Students in Basic Education
for Core Subjects:
Written Works/Tasks 40%

Performance Tasks 60%
VIII. Contact Information
The following are the teachers who shall handle Contemporary Philippine Arts from the
Regions (CPAR) for the second semester of AY 2020-2021.
Please send your messages only to the assigned CPAR teacher for your class.
Teacher Messenger Account
Wilamirah K. Atam Wila Mirah

Salvador L. Caldingon, Jr. Salvatorre Lingbawan Caldingon
Marifel T. Camero Marifel Precious Tipay-Camero
Jurisa S. Ogues Ju Ris
Ma Niza A. Rodillas Niza Rodillas
Nelwyn L. Tejada Nelwyn Tejada
Mary Gerarda C. Tumayan Miri Tumayan
Mary Grace L. Valenciano Mary Grace Valenciano
In the event that your subject teacher’s Messenger is inaccessible, you can contact the
Principal’s office at these numbers 0995 539 1234 or (074) 447 0664.
Looking forward to a pleasant teaching - learning experience with you!
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CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM THE REGIONS
SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY

ACKNOWLEDGMENT AND PROMISSORY NOTE
I, __________________________ of Grade _____ Section _________________________,

acknowledge that I am fully aware of the school’s policy on plagiarism on scholarly works
and observance of academic honesty.
I fully understand that in submitting requirements in all my subjects, I follow the basic rules
on crediting sources and obtaining permission when using materials for academic purposes.
Hence, if I fail to do citation and acknowledgment of sources, it would merit an automatic
WARNING/REPRIMAND and because of which I shall get a Conduct Grade of Needs
Improvement (NI) or Unsatisfactory (U) in that particular grading period when the offense
was committed.
Therefore, I promise in the presence of my parent/guardian that:
1. I will constantly observe proper citation and acknowledgment when using resources
for all my academic requirements for this AY 2020-2021; and
2. I will abide by the school’s rules and regulations.
Signed: Conformed:
_______________________________ ______________________________________
Signature over printed name of student Signature over printed name of parent/guardian
Noted:
DR. ROMEO E. JAVIER

Principal
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS AND PRACTICES

MODULE 1 FROM THE VARIOUS REGIONS
Unit 1 Traditional, Modern, and Contemporary Arts 2
Unit 2 Features of Contemporary Art 10
Unit 3 Integrative Art 21

FILIPINO ARTISTS’ ROLES AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION
MODULE 2 TO CONTEMPORARY ARTS
Unit 1 National Artists of the Philippines 34

National Living Treasures
Unit 2 World-class Artists 45
ELEMENTS OF ART AND PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
MODULE 3 IN CONTEMPORARY ARTS
Unit 1 Elements of Art and Principles of Design 57
Unit 2 Key Elements to Consider in Understanding Art 66
Unit 3 Making Art 74

LOCAL MATERIALS AND TECHNIQUES USED
MODULE 4 IN CONTEMPORARY ARTS
Materials Used in Contemporary Art
Unit 1 Techniques and Production in Contemporary Art 79
[Unit 2] Culminating Task 104

MODULE 1
What do you consider art in today’s time? What
makes you look around, pause for a moment, and
appreciate things around you? Do you also
consider these things aesthetically appealing?
These are just common questions on how art

appreciation is given emphasis in today’s time.
The people of this day and age have different
views regarding the standard of beauty: What
should be displayed, painted, sculpted, or even
photographed, for it to be considered as an art
form. Somehow, arts’ true essence and meaning
from traditional to contemporary have shifted.
Thus, a solid background knowledge between
sciences and the arts must be given emphasis
since both complement each other. The sciences
teach a man how to make a living; the arts teach
him how to live.
This module will allow you perceive what

transpires a traditional art form, what constitutes a
CONTEMPORARY modern art, and what transcends into
contemporary – all concentrated and found within
ART FORMS AND the diverse regions and rich islands of the
Philippines. You would elevate your senses with
PRACTICES FROM the help of the virtual gallery accompanying this
module where notable art forms from Pre-colonial
THE VARIOUS down to Contemporary times are displayed.
REGIONS Values such as pride, empathy, and sensitivity to

appreciate beauty, through various art forms from
the regions, will also be refined as you explore into
the richness the Philippines has to offer.
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UNIT I
TOPIC LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
1. find relevance in the term Humanities or what it means

to be human;
2. discover different art forms that help you identify your

roots and other region’s identity;
3. distinguish traditional, modern, and contemporary

arts;
4. appreciate the traditional, modern, and contemporary

art forms found in various regions by understanding the
elements and principles present therein; and
5. relate what the significance of arts from the regions is

and how these regions preserve their various art forms
for the future generation.
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ENGAGE
“The world is but a canvas to our imagination.” – Henry David Thoreau
Art, they say is an expression of the truest form of our imagination and
gives wings to our inner thoughts. Art finds expression on different kinds of
mediums, the more known amongst them are canvas, paper, digital and
time-based media, and sculpture. In recent times, art has no longer been
confined to the connoisseurs but has also expanded its outreach, and is
now being appreciated and proudly displayed in common man’s home.
Such has been the expansion both in terms of reach, access and
affordability.
This has been possible only because of the expansion and encouragement
to different kind of artists and their art. Art is now experienced rather than
just being ‘’seen’’.
EXPLORE
To give you an overview of what really constitutes art and its various
forms, first, you need to be familiar with the term HUMANITIES. What
are the HUMANITIES? And why do you need to study them?
The word Humanities comes from the Latin humanus, which means human, cultures, refined. They are
the branches of learning based on the philosophy and ethical perspectives of humanism, which
emphasizes the value and agency of human beings, and generally prefers individual thought and
evidence over established doctrine or faith.
H UMANITIES make you more human – in the very best sense of the word. You can learn more
about yourself, about other people, and the world around you. You can realize your potentials,
and the potentials of those around you.
Sing a song. Dance to a beat. Play a random musical
instrument. Create a work of art. Speak out what you think.
Look at a piece of art. Study it. Step back. Look at the

piece beside it. Ask yourself: Why are these pieces next to
How can you each other? Why is this art? Step back again and ask
yourself: How does seeing more change the way I see art?
engage in the
pursuit of the
HUMANITIES?
Read a novel or a poem. Read a blog. Read an essay. Read
a review of a book or a movie you haven't seen yet. Read the
lyrics of a song you adore.
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EXPLAIN
Art viewers can appreciate artworks if they can understand and grasp the
meaning of the artwork. The viewers are also called “gazers”, “onlookers”,
or “audience”. In art viewing, viewers can bring with them their knowledge
of art, biases, and judgment of beauty. This means that when the viewers
are educated in art or have been exposed to different kinds of artworks in
different contexts, they can appreciate the physical qualities of the artwork,
interpret its content and meaning, and make a judgment whether it is
beautiful or not.
Module 1 now offers you the chance to be a good audience by exploring

and witnessing the richness of Philippine art forms from various regions
present during Pre-colonial through Contemporary Period via Virtual
Gallery embedded in your PPT. In this way, you will understand better and
appreciate artworks as you are being educated and exposed in the world
of art. So, relax and enjoy your tour!
TASK ON THE VIRTUAL GALLERY: Try to uncover the differences between

TRADITIONAL, MODERN, and CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS to engage you
better into the world of arts by looking at some examples. Then you may proceed to
the definition of the three terms below.
TRADITIONAL, MODERN, and CONTEMPORARY ARTS
 Started during Pre-colonial times and are passed

down from generation to generation
 Almost learned informally, and are usually produced

in indigenous or closely-knitted communities,
reflecting their history and culture
 Most common theme is animism with the intention of

depicting people’s gods and goddesses, thus
TRADITIONAL resulting to creation of animistic figures like sun,
moon, and other human figures. Example: Ifugao’s
bulul
 Also composed of rich songs and dances from

various regions where sounds, words, and
choreography have remained the same throughout
the years
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 All works from the late 19th and early 20th centuries
(1880-1960s)
MODERN
 THEME: An expression of individuality, and where
major works were mostly created on canvas
 After the 1960’s up to the present time or art

made and produced by artists living today
 FOCUS: on social impact, with society as the

primary focus; the artists and his/ her feelings,
thoughts, and messages to his/ her audience
CONTEMPORARY  Major works have broader spectrum of mediums,

from object design, tech-enabled artwork, to
graphical arts
 Not bounded by any rule or standard; rather it is

conceptual, innovative, expressive, and
experimental
TRADITIONAL +
CONTEMPORARY Both traditional and contemporary arts exist in
mutual acceptance and respect for each
ARTS
other’s freedom of expression, practices, and
principles.
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ELABORATE
PHILIPPINE ART PERIOD TIMELINE
Age of Horticulture/ Neolithic period + Metal age+ Iron age

Indigenous = emphasizing the role of ancestors who have been making art
before colonization
PRE-COLONIAL Everyday expressions were integrated within rituals marking significant
(6185 BC - 1520 AD) moments in a community's life ( planting and harvesting , rites of passage,
funerals, weddings)
ART FORMS: pottery, weaving, tattooing, jewelry, carving, metal crafts
Art forms conformed to the demands of the church and the colonial
state
Introduced formal painting, sculpture and architecture inspired by the
Byzantine, Gothic, Baroque, and Rococo art styles
SPANISH PLAZA COMPLEX : Designated as the town complex , with municipio
COLONIAL / local government office
(1521-1898)
The Filipino artist started looking for his identity.

Education and Values formation were introduced ; along with
art illustration, advertising, and commercial design ( Fine arts)
AMERICAN
PAINTING THEMES: landscaped and still life ; portraits are
COLONIAL for ranking officals with more formality on the subject
(1898-1946)
Art after the war: The Growing and Expanding Philippine art
where Philippine Modern Art ( 1946-1970) started but went
POST- only full swing after the war
COLONIAL Creation of AAP ( Art Association of the Philippines), leaning
(1946-1986) towards the Modernist rather than the Conservatives
Government's support towards the world af art through the creation of

Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP)
Venue for experimentation and exploration of various art mediums similar
with the West, like : Pop art , Installation art, Performance art
POST Greatly highlighted SOCIAL REALISM themes as reflections of the
MODERN Philippine political and social landscape
ART (1970- “Pop Art looks out into the world. It doesn’t look like a painting of something,
1980s)
it looks like the thing itself.” ~Roy Lichtenstein
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PHILIPINE CONTEMPORARY ART (1980s – Present)

It was due to the on-set and sudden rise of personal computers and new technology which
created a new art medium for the arts and human expression; along with countless revivals of
old styles, leading towards a new direction for the arts and art appreciation.
TASK ON THE VIRTUAL GALLERY: Check the notable art pieces and art forms
evident during Precolonial until Contemporary Period, then list down your
observations, particularly on their features, styles, intricacies. Your observations
would be utilized as you move forward this module.
EVALUATE
WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO KNOW THE DIFFERENCE

BETWEEN CONTEMPORARY AND MODERN ART?
While you may be drawn to art, it is important to see and understand

what it is that draws you to the art, and which specific element speaks
to you the most. While there is no one right (or better) Artistic
Movement or Period, the self-expressive elements of Modern Art may
draw you to these artistic works. Or, the free-spirited, impactful, and
the art-of-now feel of Contemporary Art may be more appealing to
you, tapping into themes of diversity, globalism, and technology.
PONDER ON THIS:
After having an overview of the major themes of Philippine art history, (Pre-colonial –
Contemporary Period), what art form/ style is most dominant in your home? What is its significant role
in your family? How do your relatives (grandparents – parents – grandchildren) preserve such art form to
ensure its longevity after the years to come?
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REFERENCES
Agshanonline. (2016). Cañao: The Igorot way of strengthening community spirit and unity. [ Online
Image]. Retrieved from https://agshan.wordpress.com/2016/05/20/canao-the-igorot-way-of-
strengthening-community-spirit-and-unity-3/
Bhawan, P. (2015). Different kinds of art and their art forms. Retrieved from
http://www.peareylalbhawan.com/blog/2015/12/11/different-kinds-of-art-and-their-art-forms/
Cloma, L.(n.d.). Chest of Drawers with Escritorio. [ Online Image]. Retrieved from
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/658510776758985628/
Dane. (n.d.). Modern Art VS Contemporary Art. What Is the Difference? Retrieved from
https://www.danefineart.com/modern-art-vs-contemporary-art-what-is-the-difference/
Datuin, F.M., Paulino, R., Legaspi-Ramirez, E., Marcelino, L. (2016). Contemporary Philippine Arts from
the Regions. Rex Book Store
Habing Katutubo (2019). Image of a woman holding the Tnalak cloth of the Tboli tribe. [Online image].
Retrieved from https://www.facebook.com/HabingKatutubo/posts/tnalak-is-a-traditional-cloth-
found-in-mindanao-island-made-by-a-group-of-people/366484064085627/
Lalu, L.(n.d.). Contemporary Philippine art and its regions. Retrieved from
https://thecravechaser.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/G11-W6-CAR-Art-form-from-the-
regions.pdf
Mabini, M. (2018). Exploring the beauty of pop arts in the Philippines. Retrieved from
https://bautistamabini.wordpress.com/2018/09/27/philippine-pop-art/
Mangyan’s basket weaving. (n.d.). Tribo basket – big. [Online Image]. Retrieved from
https://www.kubomodernliving.com/products/tribo-basket-big
Nassif, S. (2018). Image of an inverted red spade card with variant hues. [ Online Image]. Retrieved
from http://suzinassif.com/characteristics-of-contemporary-art/
National Museum of the Philippines. (2014). Shell Bracelets and Pendants. [ Online Image]. Retrieved
from
https://www.nationalmuseum.gov.ph/nationalmuseumbeta/Collections/Archaeo/Bracelets.html
National Museum of the Philippines. (2014). Manunggul jar. [ Online Image]. Retrieved from
National Museum of the Philippines. (2014). Angono petroglyphs. [ Online Image]. Retrieved from
Palenciana, M.M., Cruz, J.Q., Solmerano, E.T., Ondevilla, M.K. (2017). Contemporary Philippine arts
from the regions (2nd edition). Factbooks Education Supply, Inc.
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Perez, A.B., Ignacio, J.M., Fajardo, B.V. (2016). Philippine Contemporary Arts: Expressions and
Experimentations. Brilliant Creations Publishing, Inc.
Real Living Team. (2016). Design 101: What is Art Deco? Retrieved from
https://www.realliving.com.ph/home-improvement/building-renovating/design-101-what-is-art-
deco-a00043-20160929
Tiatco, L. (2018). Interior design of San Agustin Parish Church. [ Online Image]. Retrieved from
https://tanghal-kultura.org/2018/10/29/pampanga-colonial-churches-baroque-rococo-and-
neoclassical-part-1-of-2/
The Artes de las Filipinas Research Team. (2020). The Angono Petroglyphs. [ Online Image]. Retrieved
from http://www.artesdelasfilipinas.com/archives/152/the-angono-binangonan-petroglyphs
The Paulino Que Collection of Philippine Modern Art. (2010). Image of the Crucifixion Painting. [ Online
Image]. Retrieved from https://manilaartblogger.wordpress.com/tag/philippine-modern-art/
Yee, Jr., L. (2008). Kulang sa drum. [ Online Image]. Retrieved from

https://bluprint.onemega.com/installation-artist-junyee/
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UNIT II

1. describe various contemporary art forms and

practices from the various regions;
2. research on various contemporary art forms,

techniques, and performance practices;
3. identify how art forms are integrated with other

disciplines to be presented as one recognized form of
art; and
4. relate the significance of art forms from the regions.
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ENGAGE
Art is how we express ourselves. Art speaks

to us all in our own way, not always easy
to understand and articulate, but it’s
important and it makes a difference in
our lives. - Anonymous
What about you, what is your definition of art and how do you appreciate
the art forms present in your community?
_________________________________________________________
EXPLORE
Aside from our own indigenous arts, the Philippines has a variety of
many other art forms. Because of the colonial periods (Spanish –
Japanese), the art of the Philippines has also been influenced by almost
all spheres of the globe. Colonizers brought their taste of Renaissance,
Baroque, and Modern, thus resulting to the Philippines being a gold
mine of art.
CHARACTERISTICS OF CONTEMPORARY ARTS
Contemporary art provides an opportunity to reflect on contemporary society and the issues
relevant to yourself and the world around you.
It has no distinct feature or a single characteristic. It is defined by the artist’s ability to

innovate and bring out a modern masterpiece.
Contemporary artists work in a globally It mirrors contemporary culture and society,

influenced, culturally diverse, and technologically offering a rich resource to consider current ideas
advancing world. and rethink the familiar
Their art is a dynamic combination of materials, Diverse and eclectic, and is distinguished by the
methods, concepts, and subjects that challenge very lack of a uniform organizing principle,
traditional boundaries and defy easy definition. ideology, or -ism
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CHARACTERISTICS
Contemporary artists have been the pioneers in

1. INNOVATION IN ART introducing new forms of art to the world. Different
art forms have been combined or newer ideas
employed to bring out newer types of art.
Examples:
 Collage
 mixed forms of assemblage (a form of
sculpture comprised of "found" objects
arranged in such a way that they create a
piece)
 different variants of kinetic art
 different categories of photography,
animations
employment of different objects, materials that

2. USING NEW MATERIALS looked useless to the common man but were
brought to great use by modern artists
Example:
Junk art and Assemblage
Modern artists experimented with colors and used

3. USE OF COLOR it unconventionally to make new textures and
themes and used them in their pieces of art.
Example:
Expressionism = vibrant and expressive use of
colors as a tool to innovate paintings
4. NEWER TECHNIQUES
MINIMALISM
It seeks to take away what is unnecessary and leaving only what is essential; it is incredibly difficult
and has even made its way into being a huge part of branding and design for companies all over the
world.
FOUND OBJECTS
Taking something that people view as useless, and then using it in a unique way in order to make
artwork
The idea is that things often viewed as junk are actually more valuable than you think they are.
Everything you find can be used to tell a story, or to create new diverse perspectives that you are
looking for when you attend an art exhibition.
Example:
Assemblage
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LARGE-SCALE ART
Creating something huge to express diverse perspectives in artwork, which includes the environment
or out in the open
Example:
Land art (landscapes)
CHROMOLITHOGRAPHY BY JULES CHERET

‘Father of the Modern Poster’
‘The Art of Color Landscapes’; a procedure of producing multi-color prints originated from the method
of lithography. The method includes every type of lithography printed in color. A lithographic method
uses several colored stones or plates printed in record.
AUTOMATIC DRAWING BY SURREALIST ARTISTS

Creating art without conscious thought, accessing material from the unconscious mind as part of the
creative process
DECALCOMANIA AND FROTTAGE

 Decalcomania is pressing paint between two surfaces
 Grattage is a process of scratching at the surface of paintings; eventually producing
experimental and innovative textures, patterns and images
 Frottage is the French word for rubbing and is a surrealist method of producing art that involves
creating or rubbing of a textured surface using a pencil or other drawing material
TASK ON THE VIRTUAL GALLERY: Discover more of these newer techniques

during Contemporary period that artists have showcased into the world of arts. How
different art these art forms from those recognized during Traditional period and
Modern? Well, let’s see and view some of them. Be amazed at their out-of-this-world
masterpieces that clearly highlight how artistic and ingenious they are to be known
and recognized worldwide!
EXPLAIN
In the late 1980s, Postmodernism appeared in the Philippines which
sought to contradict several aspects and ideas of Modernism that
emerged. The artists believed that they should no longer create
something ‘new’, instead all they needed to do is ‘borrow, combine, and
explore’ what was already existing at that time to produce something new.
This now paved the way to what we call - INTEGRATIVE ARTS, which
is being practiced in the various regions of the country.
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FEATURES OF POSTMODERNISM PERIOD
PASTICHE
/paˈstēSH,päˈstēSH/
▪any form of art that deliberately copies BRICOLAGE
the work of a different artist, a different /bree-kuh-lahzh/ or ASSEMBLAGE
style, or a different period
/uh-sem-blij/
▪from the Italian, pasticchio, a kind of
pie, a pastiche takes the “ingredients” of A construction made with objects that
existing masterworks and recombines are re-purposed, re-identified, and
them in a new work transformed into part of the whole work
of art or a collage with muscle
PURPOSE: To provide a sincere
homage to the style of the other artist or
writer
APPROPRIATION OR
BORROWING
The practice of artists using pre-existing INSTALLATION
objects or images in their art with little ▪"Installation" of objects in a space,
transformation of the original such as a room or warehouse
PURPOSE: In borrowing existing imagery ▪used to describe large-scale, mixed-
or elements of imagery, artists are re- media constructions, often designed
contextualising or appropriating the for a specific place or for a temporary
original imagery, allowing the viewer to period of time
renegotiate the meaning of the original in a
different, more relevant, or more current
context.
14
Try this! Provided with the definitions and purposes of the four
Postmodern features, your task is now to correctly study and identify
each image by naming correctly which is which.
Left: Robert Colesscott, Les Demoiselles d’Alabama, 19855; Right: a rework of the Andy Warhol's Marilyn Monroe. It was done by
Pablo Picasso, Les Demoiselles d’Avignon, 1907 the well-known unidentified artist, Banksy.
"FOUNTAIN OF LIFE', 2006, by Danny Castillones Sillada

Jen Hardwick Mixed Media, (n.d.)
15
ELABORATE
SIGNIFICANCE OF TODAY’S FILIPINO

CONTEMPORARY ARTISTS:
A. deal with current concerns that affect the country;
B. provide ways to allow the audience to participate in the whole
aesthetic experience; and
C. acknowledge their Filipino roots through the use of indigenous
and native materials in their artworks highlighting their growing
sense of pride in being a Filipino.
* Philippine Contemporary art is a part of culture. You – as a

reader, listener, and viewer – gain a deeper knowledge about what
PONDER ON THIS constitutes a contemporary Filipino artist work of art and why he
created it.
How do you get to develop appreciation and gratitude for your

artists’ endeavors?
_________________________________________________
TASK ON THE VIRTUAL GALLERY: To really digest and be in depth with the four
features of Postmodernism period, go directly to your virtual gallery and explore the
different art forms dedicated for this topic alone. Furthermore, newer techniques
where you get to elevate your senses and be present, though virtually, would make
complete this wholesome experience while enrolled in the subject. This would
prepare you for your Performance task since you would also get to choose one of the
four features to execute in your own artistic way.
16
EVALUATE
WRITTEN TASK # 1 (ON TRADITIONAL AND CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS
IN YOUR REGION)
30 pts.
Research on other Traditional and Contemporary art forms in your region.

Provide three for each. Follow the table below as a guide.
(5 pts. each number)
Short coupon bond/s
Encoded
Arial Narrow 11
1” margin (all sides)
PDF file
NAME: _________________________ DATE ACCOMPLISHED: ____________

SECTION: ______________________
____________________________________________
(NAME OF YOUR REGION AND PROVINCE)
DESCRIPTION ORIGIN ARTIST /S ITS SIGNIFICANCE

With picture
TRADITIONAL
ART FORMS
1.
2.
3.
CONTEMPORARY
ART FORMS
1.
2.
3.
17
PERFORMANCE TASK #1 (ON FEATURES OF POSTMODERN ART)

30 pts.
After knowing some of the features of Postmodern art, it is time to create a PASTICHE
or an ASSEMBLAGE – depending on your skill, comfort, and convenience.
CHOOSE ONLY ONE.
But first, let’s recall:
PASTICHE is any form of art that ASSEMBLAGE /uh-sem-blij/

deliberately copies the work of a different A construction made with objects that are
artist, a different style, or a different period. re-purposed, re-identified and transformed
into part of the whole work of art - or,
PURPOSE: Provides a sincere homage to
collage with muscle.
the style of the other artist or writer
SCORING RUBRICS FOR PASTICHE
Advanced (15 points) Proficient (10 points) Developing (5 points)
The student chose a Student chose an interesting Student made very little
Observe, Envision, challenging Master work to Master work to copy. attempt to create a copy
Express copy. The style and subtle Subject matter in inspired by a Master work.
changes in subject matter is composition is changed
totally the concept of the through suggestions of the
student. teacher. The artwork
demonstrates some
The artwork demonstrates personal expression.
original personal expression
and outstanding execution
and skill.
Shows well thought out Demonstrates limited effort Demonstrates little or no

Concept, Idea, concepts with a high degree in accomplishing the effort accomplishing the
Visualization, and Effort of originality and assignment. assignment.
sophistication.
Demonstrates great effort in

accomplishing the
assignment going the extra
distance in research and
time spent to get the
assignment done and on
time.
TOTAL
NOTE: You may have a maximum of two (2) picture/photograph attempts of the pastiche where you must be the subject.
Include the master work in your submission with your family name, strand, and section as the file name.
18
EXAMPLE:
Photo credit to Camilla Kirsten Ibay, 2020
SCORING RUBRICS FOR ASSEMBLAGE
Advanced (10 points) Proficient (7 points) Developing (4 points)
Creativity The student work The student's work lacked The piece shows little or no
Good use of materials, demonstrates a unique level sincere originality evidence of original thought.
reflection of memory of originality
Skill The artwork is outstanding The student showed The student showed poor
Ability to assemble, paint and was finished with a average craftsmanship and craftsmanship or lack of
and glue great deal of patience. understanding. understanding.
Effort The student gave an effort The student finished the The student did not finish
far beyond the requirements project, but it lacks finishing the work in a satisfactory
of the project. touches or can be improved manner.
Followed the given upon with little effort.
dimensions
TOTAL
NOTE: Use recyclable or recycled objects or materials that are available at home. Submit two (2) pictures of the finished output
in two different angles and one (1) picture of all the materials utilized with your family name, strand, and section as the file name.
 SIZE: 1-2 feet tall, 1-2 feet wide
 Form/ Subject: Recognizable
19
REFERENCES
Barcio, P. (2018). Alfonso Ossorio and his Congregations of Found Objects. [ Online Image]. Retrieved
from https://www.ideelart.com/magazine/alfonso-ossorio
Cordero, L. (2012). Meta. [Online Image]. Retrieved from

https://www.juxtapoz.com/news/louie-cordero-meta-blanc-gallery-manilla/
Datuin, F.M., Paulino, R., Legaspi-Ramirez, E., Marcelino, L. (2016). Contemporary Philippine Arts from
the Regions. Rex Book Store
Dowd, D.B. (2019). Jules Chéret. [Online Image]. Retrieved from

https://www.dbdowd.com/illustration-history/2019/8/13/jules-chret
Mambrula, N. (2016). Postmodern Use of Parody and Pastiche. Retrieved from

https://literariness.org/2016/04/05/postmodern-use-of-parody-and-
pastiche/#:~:text=Both%20pastiche%20and%20parody%2C%20are,comment%20on%20situati
ons%20in%20postmodernity.
Morales, (n.d). Contemporary Philippine arts from the Region updates. Retrieved from
https://www.patef-update.org/resources/NC2016/Part4/3-ArtsDesign3.Morales.pdf
Nassif, S. (2018). Characteristics of Contemporary Art. Retrieved from

http://suzinassif.com/characteristics-of-contemporary-art/
RCampus, (2020). iRubric: Shots and Angles rubric. Retrieved from

https://www.rcampus.com/rubricshowc.cfm?code=ZXCW987&sp=yes
RCampus, (2020). iRubric: Artist Masterpiece Parody Project rubric. Retrieved from
https://www.rcampus.com/rubricshowc.cfm?code=XX4BX87&sp=yes&
RCampus, (2020). iRubric: 5 Senses of Assemblage rubric. Retrieved from

https://www.rcampus.com/rubricshowc.cfm?sp=yes&code=S8WAX6&
Rowe, H. (2011). Appropriation in Contemporary Art. [Online Image]. Retrieved from

http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/1661/appropriation-in-contemporary-art
Sullivan, P. (2017). Max Ernest: frottage, Grattage & Decalcomania. Retrieved from
https://patricksullivancsad.wordpress.com/2017/12/09/max-ernest-frottage-grattage/
20
UNIT III
1. expound on contemporary and integrative art forms in

your locality;
2. cite specific contemporary and integrative art forms;
3. conceptualize contemporary art based on techniques

and performance practices in your locality; and
4. synthesize concepts regarding contemporary art forms

and practices from the various regions in the Philippines.
21
ENGAGE
One way of preserving and promoting the arts in

the various regions of the Philippines is by
practicing it as often as possible.
Describe the status of arts in your region. How do the people in your
community preserve and cultivate love for them?
________________________________________________________
EXPLORE
Each region in the Philippines has its own abundant collection of art
forms that makes the local people proud to showcase and share. If
you want to know more and witness the collection of festivities the
Philippines has, go directly to your Gallery for you to elevate your
sense of art appreciation and experience a sense of belongingness
for those exhibited by your region.
CLASSIFICATION OF ART FORMS
The arts in the regions have combined to create integrative art. Because of this, there is now an
interconnection among the arts, resulting in the combination of arts.
an arrangement or
design for dance
movements usually CHOREOGRAPHY
accompanied by
music.
tools or devices that

MUSICAL produce sound ; and
INSTRUMENTS consist of varied
shaoes and styles
literary works are written

works meant to be read, LITERARY and
sung, or delivered, MUSICAL
musical compositions
are notated COMPOSITIONS
22
is a composition or
layout of lines,
shapes, and color to VISUAL DESIGN
form patterns on
paper, textile, or
any platform.
staging and
THEATRICAL execution of a
PERFORMANCE production (drama,
opera, festivals)
the most popular of

the art forms, yet
youngest of all, that CINEMA
appeared in the early
1900s in Manila
TASK ON YOUR VIRTUAL GALLERY: After knowing how art forms can be
integrated or combined, witness more of these Integrative Arts in your Gallery.
Notice the uniqueness of elements found in the art forms and how their combination
highlighted Art appreciation at its finest and how they provided worthy-to-witness
pieces of art, symbolizing the Philippines and its people.
EXPLAIN
After knowing the different classification of art forms, let us

heighten your knowledge and discover how they came to
be recognized as INTEGRATIVE ART (‘Combined Art’) in
the Philippines. These art forms are now collaborative and
community-based; fostering values of camaraderie,
cooperation, team building, and pride of one place.
INTEGRATIVE ART APPLIED TO PHILIPPINE CONTEMPORARY ART
The art of dancing that is composed of a series of

CHOREOGRAPHY dance steps and movements to create a story.
Dance + music
23
Integration of arts through the intricate designs of

MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS musical instruments, representing visual arts;
and their function, which is primarily to create
music.
Literary pieces are the most common bases of
forms like theater and cinema.
‘A theater without a playwright is nothing; so is a
LITERARY and MUSICAL COMPOSITIONS cinema without a scriptwriter.’
A notated work must be performed to be

appreciated. Examples are recitals, compositions
being enjoyed in dance, theater, cinema,
broadcast arts, and new media.
VISUAL DESIGN Evident on hybrid arts like installation videos
It involves a lot of teamwork (producer, director,

THEATRICAL PERFORMANCE cast, crew of workers), with the help of
technology (traditional, digital, multimedia,
innovative)
CINEMA Similar to theater but the actions are seen on a

wide screen
ELABORATE
Are you familiar with this term? Are you fond of watching fashion
shows locally or international? Well…
"Avant-garde" /ˌaväntˈɡärd/ is originally a French term, ‘vanguard is

traditionally used to describe any artist, group or style, which is considered to
be significantly ahead of the majority in its technique, subject matter, or
application.
Being avant-garde involves exploring new artistic methods, or experimenting

with new techniques, in order to produce better art. The emphasis here is on
design.
TASK ON THE VIRTUAL GALLERY:

Witness more examples of this innovative technique, that shed light to what
we also consider art nowadays. In one example alone, notice how the Haute
couture /’OHT koo-TOOR'/ of the models seem unique and outstanding,
which resulted to exclusive and trend-setting fashions around the globe.
24
EVALUATE
PERFORMANCE TASK # 2 (ON INTEGRATIVE ART FORMS)
30 pts.
Short coupon bond
Landscape or portrait
Encoded
Arial Narrow 10 or 11
PDF file
Research on other Integrative art forms in your locality. Provide pertinent information about
each and include pictures as necessary and available. Use the graphic organizer below as a
guide. (6 pts. each answer)
NAME: SECTION: DATE ACCOMPLISHED:
25
Handwritten or Encoded
WRITTEN TASK # 2 (SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT) Arial 11
PDF file
30 pts.
NAME: DATE ACCOMPLISHED:

SECTION:
SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT
I. TRADITIONAL vs. CONTEMPORARY ART: Label each image as Traditional or Contemporary Art,
then indicate the corresponding period it belongs. Put your answers on the space provided after each
number (16 points).
▪You can always refer to Unit 1 of this Module including the Virtual Gallery. Take note of the
characteristics observed for each period when art in the Philippines has evolved.
Example:
Contemporary Art – Contemporary Period
26
1. 2.
(Sulibaw - a hollow Igorot drum, topped with pig skin or lizard

skin.)
Palay Maiden, 1920, Oil on canvas

3. 4.
Pikachu Scream, Acrylic on Canvas
5. 6.
PILONCITOS: The treasure of Philippine numismatic
27
7. 8.
II. FEATURES OF CONTEMPORARY ART: (bricolage, borrowing, pastiche, installation)

Identify the feature exemplified by each image. Indicate your answer on the space provided after
each number (10 points).
1. 2.
‘Mona Lisa’ as a junk food enthusiast by artist Mohammed Ali
28
3. 4.
5. 6.
Forest of Numbers by Emmanuelle Moureaux (Tokyo, Japan)
7. 8.
29
9. 10.
III. INTEGRATIVE ARTS
Essay: If you would direct and produce a performing arts in the future, what most likely would be your
theme and plot considering the concept that Integrative arts highlights community preservation
and cultivation of love. What collaborative forms of art be present and why?
CRITERIA:
Content (substance) 2 points
Mechanics (spelling, punctuation, grammar) 2 points
30
REFERENCES
Bronner, O. (n.d.) Mcarthur Landing Memorial Park, Philippines. [ Online Image]. Retrieved from
Dance Pinoy, (2018). Philippine Dance in the Spanish Period. [ Online Image]. Retrieved from
https://www.dancepinoy.com/2009/07/philippine-dance-in-spanish-period.html
Henares, I. (2010). Pampanga: Good Friday Santo Entierro procession in Bacolor, Pampanga. [ Online
Image]. Retrieved from https://www.ivanhenares.com/2010/04/pampanga-good-friday-santo-
entierro.html
Juvyjabian, (2016). The Musical Instruments of Traditional Filipino Music. [ Online Image]. Retrieved
from https://steemit.com/music/@juvyjabian/the-musical-instruments-of-traditional-filipino-music
Lapilipinas, (2016). Sulibaw. [ Online Image]. Retrieved from

https://steemit.com/traditional/@lapilipinas/philippines-ethnic-art-and-crafts
Lira, B. (n.d.) Acrylic on Canvas. Pikachu Scream Painting. [ Online Image]. Retrieved from
https://www.saatchiart.com/art/Painting-Pikachu-Scream/1532683/7599717/view
Lynn, K. (n.d). Image of three caricatures with different shapes and sizes. [Online Image]. Retrieved
from https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/226657793726369464/
Palay Maiden. [ Online Image]. Retrieved from

https://ationgson.tumblr.com/post/81401515132/palay-maiden-1920-oil-on-canvas-palay-is-
tagalog
PILONCITOS: The treasure of Philippine numismatic, (2011). Retrieved from

http://coin.filipinonumismatist.com/2011/06/piloncitos-treasure-of-philippine.html
Ponpong, A. (2019). Pagbabatok: A Dying art. [ Online Image]. Retrieved from

https://medium.com/@alaynepeanopongpong/pagbabatok-a-dying-art-cca9d14b8f9a
Primer, (2019). Repertory Philippines to Combine the Familiar and the New for Its 83rd Season. [
Online image]. Retrieved from https://primer.com.ph/blog/2019/10/19/repertory-philippines-to-
combine-the-familiar-and-the-new-for-its-83rd-season/
Rafael, M. (2018). Traditional Techniques Applied to Contemporary Creation. Retrieved from

https://www.scribd.com/document/373704066/Traditional-Techniques-Applied-to-Contemporary-
Creation
Ramirez, V. (2016). Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions. Vibal Group, Inc.
31
Scharfenkamp, C. (n.d.) Painting with kids. [Online Image]. Retrieved from

Silberzweig, S. (n.d.). Angels and Goddesses. [Online Image]. Retrieved from

32
MODULE 2
FILIPINO ARTISTS’ Filipino artists today, especially the younger

ROLES AND THEIR ones, are a different breed from their
predecessors. They no longer cling to
CONTRIBUTION TO Western ideals but instead, they develop
their own system of beliefs, forms, and styles
CONTEMPORARY by adopting the rich heritage of the Philippine
folklore, customs, and traditions. They are
ARTS also conscious of the role they play in the
society because they know that their tools
are powerful. They know that through their
pen, brush, music, drama, and dances, they
are able to generate a critical response, thus
becoming agents of change.
In this module, you will get to know more

about the Filipino artists who paved the way
to free expression of art in the country, their
works and triumphs, and what made them
who they are now.
33
UNIT 1

1. recognize the national artists and their popular works;
2. compose a poem or song in honor of the national artists and

their contribution to contemporary arts; and
3. demonstrate appreciation of the artistry of the national artists

and its impact to Philippine arts.
34
ENGAGE
Trivia about
Philippine Artists
Did you know?

Carlos Quirino is best known for his early
biography of Jose Rizal. He also wrote several works on
Philippine history and biographies of President Manuel
Quezon and the painter Damian Domingo.
Leonor Orosa Goguingco was a Filipino national
artist in creative dance. She could play the piano, draw,
design scenery and costumes, sculpt, act, direct, dance,
and choreograph. Her pen name was Cristina Luna and
she was known as Trailblazer, Mother of Philippine
Theater Dance and Dean of Filipino Performing Arts
Critics. She died on July 15, 2005 of “cardiac arrest
secondary to cerebro-vascular accident” at the age 87.
Image source: Philippine Trivia. (2020).
[Online image]. PhilPost Philatelic
Levi Celerio was a Filipino composer and lyricist
Bulletins. Retrieved from https://philippine- who was born in Manila, Philippines. Celerio was a
trivia-com/content/national-artisits prolific son-writer, with over 4,000 songs to his credit. He
is perhaps best- known for being a leaf-player, a feat for
which he was put into the Guinness Book of World
Records. In 1997, he was named National Artist of the
Philippines for Music. He died on April 2, 2002.
Nick Joaquin was a Filipino writer, historian, and
journalist and is best known for his short stories and
novels in the English language. He also wrote using the
pen name Quijano de Manila. Joaquin was conferred the
rank and title of National Artist of the Philippines for
Literature.
Fernando Poe, Jr. was a Filipino actor and
cultural icon. From the 1950’s, Poe played steadfast film
Image source: ABS- CBN Entertainment. heroes who fought for the common man, which won him
(2019). [Online image]. Trivia-Artcard.
Retrieved from
respect and admiration. He did not complete high school
https://entmain.blob.core.windows.net/albu but went on to win numerous awards and prizes as an
m/PFJ-Trivia-Artcards/FPJ-Trivia-Artcard- actor and film director.
1.jpg
35
Welcome
EXPLORE Aboard!
If you’re given the title of National Artist, you can consider yourself one of
the best. By being given the title, it means you have given significant
contributions to the development of Philippine arts and letters. The
recognition is given to those who excel in the fields of music, dance, theatre,
visual arts, literature, film and broadcast, and architecture or allied arts.
Let us further learn about these different artists in the Philippines and their
masterpieces. And why not, by gaining knowledge, you will learn to love the
arts more.
EXPLAIN
WHAT IS A NATIONAL ARTIST?

•A National Artist is a Filipino citizen who has been given the rank and title of National Artist in
recognition of his or her significant contributions to the development of Philippine arts and letters
•The rank and title of National Artist is conferred by means of a Presidential Proclamation.
• It recognizes excellence in the fields of music, dance, theater, visual arts, literature, film and
broadcast arts, and architecture or allied arts.
WHAT IS THE ORDER OF NATIONAL ARTISTS?

•Those who have been proclaimed National Artists are given a Grand Collar symbolizing their
status.
•The Order of National Artists is thus a rank, a title, and a wearable award that represents the
highest national recognition given to Filipinos who have made distinct contributions in the field of
arts and letters.
•It is jointly administered by the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) and the
Cultural Center of the Philippines upon recommendation by both institutions.
•It embodies the nation’s highest ideals in humanism and aesthetic expression through the
distinct achievements of individual citizens.
•According to the rules of the National Commission on Culture and the Arts, the Order of National
Artists should be conferred every three years.
WHEN WAS THE ORDER OF NATIONAL ARTISTS CREATED?

•It was established by virtue of Presidential Proclamation No. 1001, s. 1972, which created the
Award and Decoration of National Artists, "to give appropriate recognition the prestige to
Filipinos who have distinguished themselves and made outstanding contributions to Philippine
arts and letters," and which posthumously conferred the award to the painter Fernando
Amorsolo, who had died earlier that year.
36
CRITERIA FOR THE ORDER OF NATIONAL ARTISTS
1. Living artists who are Filipino citizens at the time of nomination, as well as those who died
after the establishments of the award in 1972 but were Filipino citizens at the time of their death;
2. Artists who, through the content and form of their works, have contributed in building a Filipino
sense of nationhood;
3. Artists who have pioneered in a mode of creative expression or style, thus earning distinction
and making an impact on succeeding generations of artists;
4. Artists who have created a substantial and significant body of work and/or consistently
displayed excellence in the practice of their art form thus enriching artistic expression or style;
and
5. Artists who enjoy broad acceptance through:
a. Prestigious national and/or international recognition, such as the Gawad CCP Para sa Sining,
CPP Thirteen Artists Award and NCCA Alab ng Haraya;
b. Critical acclaim and/or reviews of their work/s;
c. Respect and esteem from peers.
THE INSIGNIA OF THE ORDER OF NATIONAL ARTIST
•The insignia of the Order of the National Artists is composed of a grand Collar featuring circular
links portraying the arts, and an eight-pointed conventionalized sunburst suspended from a
sampaguita wreath in green and white enamel.
•The central badge is a medallion divided into three equal portions, red, white, and blue, recalling
the Philippine flag, with three stylized letter Ks-the “KKK” stands for the CCP’s motto:
“katotohanan, kabutihan, at kagandahan” (“the true, the good, and the beautiful”), as coined by
then first lady Mrs. Imelda Romualdez Marcos, the CCP’s founder.
HONORS AND PRIVILEGES

A member of the Order of the Order of National Artists
is granted the following honors and privileges:
1. The rank and title of National Artists, as proclaimed
by the President of the Philippines;
2. The insignia of a National Artist and a citation; and
3. A lifetime emolument and material and physical
benefits comparable in value to those received by the
Image source: Official Gazzete. (n.d.). National Artist of
the Philippines Guidelines. [Online image]. Retrieved from highest officers of the land.
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/images//National-Artist/
37
THE PROCEDURE IN BEING NOMINATED AS A CANDIDATE FOR NATIONAL ARTIST

1. Candidates may be nominated under one or more of the following categories:
a. Dance- choreography, direction, and/or performance
b. Music- composition, direction, and/or performance
c. Theater- direction, performance, and/or production design
d. Visual Arts- painting, sculpture, printmaking, photography, installation, art, mixed media works,
illustration, graphic arts, performance art, and/or imaging
e. Literature- poetry, fiction, essay, play writing, production design, cinematography, editing, camera
work, and/or performance
f. Film and Broadcast Arts- direction, writing, production design, cinematography, editing, camera
work, and/or performance
g. Architecture, Design, and Allied Arts- architecture design, interior design, industrial arts design,
landscape architecture and fashion design.
2. Nominations for the Order of National Artists may be submitted by government and non-
government cultural organizations and educational institutions, as well as private foundations and
councils.
3. Members of the Special Research Group, as well as agencies attached to the NCCA and CCP shall
not submit nominations.
4. NCCA and CCP Board members and consultants and NCCA and CCP officers and staff, and NCCA
Committee members are automatically disqualified from being nominated.
5. Nominations shall be accepted only when these are submitted in writing and with proper supporting
documentation which includes a cover letter; a duly accomplished nomination form; a detailed
curriculum vitae of the nominee; a list of the nominee’s significant works; and a portfolio of the
nominees’ art works and copies of published reviews.
The Roster of National Artists

Date of
Awardee Popular Works
Award
Painting- Planting Rice, Fruit Gatherer, Under the
Fernando Amorsolo (++) 1972
Mango Tree
Dance- Researches of Philippine folk dance; known as
Francisco Aquino (+) 1973
“Mother of Philippine Dancing”
Painting- Planting of the First Cross, Filipino Struggles
Carlos V. Francisco (++) 1973 through the Years (at the Manila City Hall), First Mass at
Limasawa
38
Literature- Luha ng Buwaya, Mga Ibong Mandaragit, Si

Amado V. Hernandez (++) 1973
Atang at ang Dulaan
Music- Known as the “Dean of Filipino Composers”;
Antonio J. Molina (+) 1973
Hatinggabi, Ang Batingaw, Kundiman- Kundangan
Architecture- Quezon Hall (at UP Diliman), Interior
Juan F. Nakpil (+) 1973 design of Quiapo Church, University of the Philippines
Theater and Carillon Tower
Sculpture- Oblation (at UP Diliman). Bonifacio
Guillermo E. Tolentino (+) 1973 Monument (in Caloocan City), Bonifacio Monument (at
the Manila City Hall)
Literature- The Anchored Angel, The Emperor’s New
Jose Garcia Villa (+) 1973
Sonnet, Footnote to Youth
Sculpture- Siyam na Diwata ng Sining (at UP Diliman),
Napoleon V. Abueva 1976
Blood Compact Monument (in Bohol), Fredevinda
Lamberto V. Avellana (+) 1976 Theater and Film- Anak Dalita, Badjao, Lapu Lapu
Dance- The Elements, Trend: Return to the Native,
Leonor O. Goquingco (+) 1976
Festival in Maguindanao
Literature- Manila, My Manila; Cave and Shadows; A
Nick Joaquin (+) 1976
Portrait of the Artist as a Filipino
Music- Founded Asociacion Musical de Filipinas, the
Jovita Fuentes (+) 1976 Bach Society of the Philippines, and the Artists’ Guild of
the Philippines
Victorio C. Edades (+) 1976 Painting- The Builders, The Sketch, The Wrestlers
Architecture- Far eastern University Campus, White
Pablo S. Antonio (++) 1976
Cross Orphanage, Orchid Garden Hotel
Painting- Cubist paintings; Bayanihan, Luksong Tinik,
Vicente S. Manansala (++) 1981
Stations of the Cross (at the UP Chapel)
Literature- I am a Filipino, I walked with Heroes, Last
Carlos P. Romulo (+) 1982
Man Off Bataan
Cinema- Sawa sa Lumang Simboryo, Hanggang sa Dulo
Gerardo de Leon (++) 1982
ng Daigdig, Lilet
Honorata “Atang” dela Theater and Music- Protector of the Philippine Zarzuela
1987
Rama (++) and Kundiman; Dalagang Bukid, Veronidia
Col. Antonino R. Music- Minuet, Pandanggo sa Ilaw, Echoes from the
1988
Buenaventura (+) Philippines
Dance- Choreography of folk and ethnic dances for the
Lucrecia R. Urtula (+) 1988
Bayanihan Dance Company
Music- Love Songs, Legend of the Sarimanok, Ang
Lucrecia R. Kasilag (+) 1989
Pamana
Literature- The flowers of May, Poetry and Politics: The
Francisco Arcellana (+) 1990 State of Original Writing in English in the Philippine
Today
Visual Arts- Morning Dance, Tree Planting, Man and
Cesar Legaspi (+) 1990
Woman
Architecture- Philippine International Convention
Leandro V. Locsin (+) 1990 Center, Cultural of the Philippines, Parish of the Holy
Sacrifice (known as UP Chapel)
Hernando R. Ocampo (++) 1991 Visual Arts- Man and Carabao, Ina ng Balon
39
Music- Sa Ugoy ng Duyan (co-writer), Lahing

Lucio D. San Pedro (+) 1991
Kayumanggi
Cinema- Maynila sa Kuko ng Liwanag, Tinimbang Ka
Lino Brocka (++) 1997
Ngunit Kulang, Bayan Ko, Jaguar
Music- Awit ng Paglilikha ng Bagong Pilipinas, Tindig
Felipe D. De Leon (++) 1997
Aking Inang Bayan
Wilfredo Ma. Guerrero Theater-Wanted: Tsaperon, Movie Artists, Basketball
1997
(++) Fight
Theater and Literature- Sitsit sa Kuliglig, Dunung-
Rolando S. Tinio (++) 1997
dunungan, Kristal sa Uniberso
Music and Literature- Guinness Book of Records
Holder for being the only leaf-player in the world;
Levi Celerio (+) 1997
Maligayang Pasko at Manigong Bagong Taon (Ang
Pasko ay Sumapit), Ikaw, Sa Ugoy ng Duyan (co- writer)
Literature- Founding Editor of The Diliman Review; First
N.V.M. Gonzales (++) 1997 President of Philippine Writers’ Association; The Winds
of April; A Season of Grace
Visual Arts- Candle Vendors, Bagong Taon, Cities of the
Arturo Luz 1997
Past
Music- Known for composing his own pieces for
Jose Maceda (+) 1997 Southeast Asian musical instruments; Pagsamba,
Cassette 100, Ugnayan
Historical Literature- Man of Destiny, The Great
Carlos Quirino (+) 1997
Malayan, Philippine Cartography, Filipinos at War
J. Elizalde Navarro Painting- Passengers on to Central Station, The Frog
1999
(++) Dance, The Ilongot War Dance
Prof. Andrea Veneracion
1999 Music- Founder of the Philippine Madrigal Singers
(+)
Literature- A Blade of Fern, Commend Contend, The
Edith L. Tiempo (+) 1999
Builder
Theater- Known as “First Lady of the Philippine Theater”;
Daisy Avellana (+) 1999
A Portrait of the Filipino as an Artist, Sakay
Music- Inang Bayan, Bato sa Buhangin, Gaano Kita
Ernani Cuenco (++) 1999 Kamahal; musical scores of Ang Panday, The Killing of
Satan
Literature- Po-on, Ermita, Gagamba, My Brother, My
F. Sionil Jose 2001
Executioner
Ang Kiukok (+) 2001 Visual Arts- Angry Figure, Fighting Figures, Crucifixion
Ishmael Bernal (++) 2001 Film- Himala, Manila by Night, Relasyon
Theater- The Love of Leonor Rivera, Parting at
Severino Montano (++) 2001
Calamba, Sabina
Visual Arts (Painting)- Abstract paintings; Hills of Nikko,
Jose T. Joya (++) 2003
Granadean Arabesque, Dimension of Fear
Literature- UP Diksyonaryong Filipino; Palipad- Hangin;
Virgilio S. Almario 2003
Buwan, Buwang, Bulawan
Literature- Of Cocks and Kites, Fiesta, Something to
Alejandro R. Roces (+) 2003
Crow About
Film and Broadcast Arts- Ganito Kami Noon, Paano
Eddie S. Romero (+) 2003
Kayo Ngayon?, Agila, Manila, Open City
40
Theater and Design- Known for using inexpensive local

Salvador F. Bernal (+) 2003
materials such as bamboo, and abaca in theater design
Visual Arts- Sabel in Blue, Yellow Confetti, The Oriental
Benedicto R. Cabrera 2006
Fan
Abdulmari Asia Imao 2006 Visual Arts- Sarimanok paintings and sculptures
Literature- Ka Bel, Abot- Tanaw: Sulyap at Suri sa
Dr. Bienvenido Lumbera 2006
Nagbabagong Kultura at Lipunan, Tales of the Manuvu
Dance- Founder of Ramon Obusan Folkloric Group;
Ramon Obusan (+) 2006
Vamos A Belen! Series; Noon Po sa Amin
Film- Ang Probinsyano, Isang Bala Ka Lang!, Ang
Fernando Poe Jr. (++) 2006
Pilipinas Kong Mahal, Agila ng Maynila
Archt. Ildefonso P. Santos, Landscape Architecture- Landscaping of Rizal Park,
2006
Jr. (+) Cultural Center of the Philippines, Manila Hotel
Ramon Valera (++) 2006 Fashion Design- Philippine Terno
Manuel Conde (++) 2009 Cinema- Mahiwagang Biyolin, Si Juan Tamad
Literature- Bayang Nagpatiwakal, Binhi at Bunga,
Lazaro A. Francisco (++) 2009
Maganda Pa ang Daigdig
Federico Aguilar Alcuaz Visual Arts- Tres Marias, Reveries of Love, Still Life with
2009
(++) Landscape
Dance- Founder of Ballet Philippines; Amada, Itim- Asu,
Alice Reyes 2014
Bayanihan Remembered
Visual Arts- Da Adventures of Pedro Penduko, Lapu-
Francisco V. Coching (++) 2014
Lapu, Sabas
Literature- Boneyard Breaking, Sugat ng Salita, The
Cirilo F. Bautista 2014
Archipelago
Francisco F. Feliciano
2014 Music- La Loba Negra, Pokpok Alimpako, Yerma
(++)
Music- Ding Nga Diwaya, Ang Hardin ni Ligaya, Ang
Ramon P. Santos 2014
Puting Waling-waling
Jose Maria V. Zaragoza Architecture- Santo Domingo Church, redesigning of
2014
(++) Quiapo Church, Meralco Building
Francisco “Bobby” Architecture and Allied Arts- Coconut Palace, EDSA
2018
Tronqued Maṅosa Shrine, Davao Pearl Farm
Literature- Visayan Titan of Letters, Waiting for Mariang
Resil Barretto Mojares 2018
Makiling Essay
Visual Arts- Slice of Life Weekend, Darna Komiks,
Lauro “Larry” Alcala 2018
Asiong Aksaya
Theater- Teatrong Mulat ng Pilipinas, Sepang Loca, 6 na
Amelia Lapeṅa- Bonifacio 2018
Dulang Filipino Para Sa Mga Bata
Ryan Cayabyab 2018 Music- Spoliarium, Rama-Hari, Smokey Mountain
Film- Mababangong Bangungot, Balikbayan #1:
Kidlat Tahimik 2018
Memories of Overdevelopment Redux, Turumba
Legend: (+) deceased; (++) posthumous conferment.
41
Excellent! Did you enjoy what you have just discovered? There remain a
ELABORATE number of national artists that you have not heard of yet, aside from the artists
aforementioned. Let us then work on the following (formative) assessment.
Direction: Follow the instructions and deliver.
Step 1………. Choose a specific National Artist.

Step 2………. Research on his/her life and time.
Step 3………. Analyze his/her craft and artworks.
Step 4………. Respond to the questions below.
1. What is the expertise of your chosen National Artist?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. Why do you think he/she was chosen as a National Artist?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. Describe his/her art works.

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. Do you think he/she can be an inspiration to other Filipinos? Why and in what manner?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
EVALUATE
WRITTEN TASK # 3 (30 pts.)
Compose a creative four-verse poem or song honoring the great

Philippine artists that we have discussed in this lesson. You may write it in
whichever language you prefer and you are encouraged to share your
original composition with your friends on Facebook.
42
Short coupon bond

Landscape or portrait
Encoded
Font style, Font no. (your preference)
PDF file
Be guided by the scoring rubrics below.
CRITERIA Exceeded expectations Met most expectations Met some Did not meet
6 4.5 expectations expectations
3 1.5
1. CONTENT The poem or song lyrics The poem or song lyrics The poem or song The poem or song
are outstanding. The are satisfactory. The lyrics are good. Some lyrics require change.
words are memorable. words are memorable. parts of the poem or The words are not
Completely, the poem or Mostly, the poem or song song lyrics are in adequately
song lyrics are in honor of lyrics are in honor of the honor of the national memorable in honor
the national artists and national artists and their artists and their of the national artists
their contribution to contribution to contribution to and their contribution
contemporary arts. contemporary arts. contemporary arts. to contemporary arts.
2. CREATIVITY The student composed an The student composed an The song/poem The song composed
original song/poem with a original song/poem but composed is not very is not very original.
clear theme. there are some elements original, but there are The message is not
that are not excellent. some elements that conveyed.
are not excellent.
3. INFORMATION The writer expressed The writer expressed The writer expressed The writer expressed
factual information and factual information in a factual information in factual information in
incorporated the theme creative manner and manner that showed manner that showed
“Honoring Philippine incorporated the theme little effort. The no effort.
Contemporary Artists”. “Honoring Philippine presentation of the
The overall presentation Contemporary Artists”. song/poem did not
of the song/poem is The poem/song is meet expectations.
excellent and showing somewhat excellent and
acceptable effort. showing acceptable effort.
4. ORGANIZATION The writer clearly The writer lacked one of The writer lacked two The song was
organized information, the following: clearly of the following: clearly unorganized and
used mostly correct organized information, organized information, difficult to follow.
grammar and spelling. correct grammar and correct grammar and
spelling usage. spelling usage.
5. VOCABULARY The poem/ song is filled The poem/ song includes The poem/ song The poem/song lacks
with descriptive many descriptive includes some description and does
vocabulary that appeals elements and is descriptive words and not allow the reader
to the reader. appealing. phrases. to visualize the impact
of the composition.
43
REFERENCES
Benavidez-Perez, A., Ignacio, J. M., & Fajardo, B. (2016). Philippine contemporary arts. Expressions
and experimentation. Quezon City: Brilliant Creations Publishing, Inc.
Magalona, E., Zoleta, M. A., & Arlos, A. (2017). Contemporary Philippine arts from the regions. Manila:
Mindshapers Co., Inc.
Menoy, J. (2016). Contemporary Philippine arts from the regions. Mandaluyong City: Books Atbp.
Publishing Corp.
National Commission for Culture and Arts. (2020). The order of national artists. Retrieved from
https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/
Official Gazette. (n.d.). NCCA’s National Artists of the Philippines Guidelines. Retrieved from
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/the-order-of-national-artists/
Palencia, M., Cruz, J., Solmerano, E. T., Ondevilla, M. K., & Jerusalem, V. (2017). Contemporary
Philippine arts from the regions. Manila: Fast books Educational Supply, Inc.
Philippine Trivia. (2020). PhilPost Philatelic Bulletins. Retrieved from

https://philippine-trivia.com/trivia/trivia-about-the-philippine-national-artists/
University of the Philippines. (n.d.). National artists of the Philippines. Retrieved from
https://upd.edu.ph/national-artists-of-the-philippines/
44
UNIT 2

1. recognize the Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA) awardees;
2. identify the expertise of each GAMABA awardee;
3. acknowledge Filipino artists who are recognized internationally for their

exemplary achievements;
4. value the contributions of the GAMABA artists and world-class artists in the
field of Philippine arts; and
5. promote arts from the regions.
45
ENGAGE
The pictures or images below are some examples of Manlilikha
ng Bayan’s works.
 Could you name the artist of each work and surmise the
story behind each art?
 What do the works have in common?
Image source: CNN Philippines. (2017) [online image]. Retrieved Image source: CNN Philippines. (2017) [online image]. Retrieved
from https://www.Fcnnphilippines.com from https://www.Fcnnphilippines.com
Image source: Collectivo VV. (2020). [Online image]. Retrieved Image source: Film and theater studies. (n.d.). [Online image].
from https:/Fmarketplace.com/FexperiencesFlearn-to-make- Retrieved from
miniature--painting/ https://filmandtheater.wordpress.com/author/7aproduction/
46
Image source: Gawad sa Manlilikha na Bayan. (2019). [Online [Photograph of Cocoy A. Sexcion Exhibition Photos]. (n.d).
image]. Retrieved from Retrieved from
https://www.google/facebook.com.gmbbayan https://blaansforgamaba.weebly.com/uploads/1/2/9/4/
EXPLORE
Philippine traditional art, despite being practiced for centuries by
specific groups, can be considered as contemporary because it
has been preserved and is being practiced at present. It also
shares the collaborative and integrative qualities of
contemporary art. The GAMABA (Gawad Sa Manlilikha Ng
Bayan) aims to preserve these living traditions by awarding the
finest Filipino traditional artists, who possess not only the skill
but the folk knowledge, as bearers of intangible cultural heritage.
By doing so, the GAMABA highlights and brings awareness to
these art forms, ensuring their survival and enriching the
understanding of contemporary artists about the identity and
essential values of our own art.
EXPLAIN
In conjunction with the National Artists of the Philippines, qualified

outstanding traditional folk artists are also bestowed the Gawad sa
Manlilikha ng Bayan awards.
47
Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA)
GAMABA is also known as 'the National Living Treasures Award' ; It is conferred

on Filipinos who are at the forefront of the practice, preservation, and promotion
of the nation’s traditional folk arts.
The State’s recognition of such sociocultural contributions was formalized in

1992, through Republic Act No. 7355, the Manlilikha ng Bayan Act. The National
Commission for the Culture and the Arts oversees its implementation.
MAIN OBJECTIVE: To honor and support the traditional folk artists and to see
to it that their skills and crafts are preserved. The award is tied with a program
that ensures the transfer of their skills to new generations and the promotion of
the craft both locally and internationally.
In 2014, the Senate of the Philippines adopted Senate Resolution No. (SRN) 765 aimed at
recognizing the accomplishments of the country’s living treasures.
EMBLEM
The award logo is a representation of the human
form used in traditional cloth. Below the logo is the
phrase “Manlilikha ng Bayan” written in Baybayin,
an ancient Filipino script used in the Philippines in
the 16th century.
Image source: Kirk Anatomy. (2013). NoliSoli. [Online

image]. Retrieved from
https://www.kirkanatomy.com/2013/08/yakan-weavers-in-
lamitan-basilan/
48
CRITERIA FOR THE GAWAD SA MANLILIKHA NG BAYAN (GAMABA)
1. Should be a Filipino citizen or group of citizens belonging to an indigenous/traditional

cultural community anywhere in the Philippines, engaged in Filipino traditional art in the
following categories: folk architecture, maritime, transport, weaving, carving, performing
arts, literature, graphic and plastic arts, ornament, textile or fiber art, pottery and other
artistic expressions of traditional culture.
2. Should have been engaged in the tradition and craft for a significant period of time with
at least 50 years of existence and documentation.
3. Should have produced and performed with artistic, distinctive, and superior quality.
4. Should possess mastery of the tools and materials that are needed for the art and must
have a reputation for being an art master and craft maker in the community where
he/she belongs.
5. Should have passed on and/or will pass on the traditional crafts and skills to other
members of the community by virtue of teaching.
6. In case when a Manlilikha ng Bayan candidate is capable of teaching further his/her craft
and skill due to age or infirmity.
PROCESS of SELECTION
The Panel
-The Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan is administered by a committe.
-is composed of a representative from each of the committees of the Sub- commission on
Cultural Communities and Traditional Arts such as the Office of the Muslim Affairs (OMA), the
National Commission on Indegenous People (NCIP), and other institutions.
-The reviewers are composed of five members of the Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan
Committee and four individuals identified bt the Committee among scholars, practitioners, and
experts in the traditional art.
The Nominations
-They can come from the members of the ad hoc panel of experts, the suc- commissions on
cultural communities and traditional art.
-They can government or private institutions, universities, and other persons knowledgeable of
any of the categories: : folk architecture, maritime, transport, weaving, carving, performing arts,
literature, graphic and plastic arts, ornament, textile, and fiber art, pottery and other artistic
expressions of traditional culture.
The Screening
-The ad hoc committe is deployed to various priority areas in gthe country to conduct searches
and document of the candidates' art/ craft.
-They review qualifications of the candidates and submit their recommendations to the NCCA
Board of Commissioners.
-Once selected, the President of the Philippines confers the awardees in a public ceremony in
Malacaṅan Palace.
49
LIST OF AWARDEES
Date of
Awardee Art/Craft
Award
Ginaw Bilog- Artist and Poet Bilog preserved the ambahan, a Mangyan tradition of
1993
Mansalay, Oriental Mindoro singing or chanting poetry.
An extraordinary musician and storyteller, Intaray
mastered the arts of basal (gong music ensemble),
Masino Intaray- Musician and kulilal (lyrical poem sung with two-stringed kudyapi),
Epic Chanter and bagit (instrumental music played with kudyapi). 1993
Brookes Point, Palawan He also played aroding (mouth harp) and babarak
(ring flute); and is a prolific epic chanter and
storyteller.
Sulaiman perfected the art of playing kutyapi (two-
Samaon Sulaiman- Musician stringed plucked lute), and served as the master
1993
Mamasa Pano, Maguindanao teacher of the art in his hometown and other towns in
their area.
Lang Dulay- Textile Weaver Lang Dulay was a master weaver of the traditional
Lake Sebu, South Cotabato t’nalak, or T’boli cloth, an abaca textile that can only 1998
be woven through tedious process.
Salinta Monon- Weaver A traditional weaver since age twelve, Monon
1998
Bansalan, Davao del Sur preserved the dying art Bagobo weaving.
Saclag gained perfection in playing Kalinga
Alonzo Saclag- Musician and instruments and dancing patterns and movements
Dancer associated with rituals. He also advocated the Kalinga 2000
Lubuagan, Kalinga Province philosophies, and the promotion of their culture to the
rest of the country.
Caballero mastered ten epics of their region, including
the Labaw Dunggon and Humadapnon. In addition to
Federico Caballero- Epic
this, he also advocated the preservation of traditions
Chanter 2000
in his region by traveling from barangay to barangay
Sulod- Bukidnon, Iloilo
to encourage other indigenous groups to learn how to
read and write.
Uwang Ahadas is a partially blind musical genius who
has mastered and taught several Yakan instruments,
Uwang Ahadas- Musician
including the kwintangankayu (instrument with five 2000
Lamitan, Basilan
wooden logs hung horizontally), gabbang (bamboo
xylophone), and agung.
Darhata Sawabi was a master weaver of the
Darhata Sawabi- Weaver
traditional pissyabit of the Tausug, preserving 2004
Parang, Sulu
generations of Tausug designs
Eduardo Mutuc-
Mutuc is a dedicated sculptor of religious and secular
Metalsmith/Metal Sculptor 2004
art in silver, bronze, and wood.
Apalit, Pampanga
Haja Amina upheld the Sama women tradition of mat
Haja Amina Appi- Weaver
weaving, revolutionizing the traditional white mats 2004
Tandubas, Tawi-Tawi
with her own tinted designs
50
A farmer by principle, Garcia became a master artisan

of making tabungaw (casque) that was due to his
Teofilo Garcia- Casque Maker work and the demand for casques in his area. To
2012
San Quintin, Abra promote the art, he continuously made himself visible
in the industry and thought of better materials to
improve the quality of tabungaw.
Gamayo is dubbed as the best artist who has
Magdalena Gamayo- Master
exemplified the art of Ilocos abel- weaving, threading
Weaver 2012
the most intricate traditional designs that most
Pinili, Ilocos Norte
modern weavers fail to master.
Ambalang Uasalin- Master She is renowned for her mastery of the crafts of
Weaver sinaluan and sputangan, two of the most intricately 2016
Lamitan, Basilan designed textiles of the indigenous Yakan community.
She is credited with creating “some of the biggest,
Estelita Tumandan Bantilan- most subtly beautiful mats to be seen anywhere in
Master Weaver Southeast Asia.” Bantilan opened a mat weaving 2016
Malapatan, Sarangani center in Malapatan to preserve and promote the
tradition of Blaan weaving.
Yabing Masalon Dulo- Master
A Filipino textile master weaver and dyer. She is
Weaver
credited with preserving the Blaan traditional mabal 2016
Polomolok, South Cotabato
tabih art of ikat weaving and dying.
WORLD-CLASS ARTISTS
The Philippine contemporary arts have developed and matured that our artists can now stand proudly on
the world stage.
The most recent performers to be acknowledged is El Gamma Penumbra, a shadow play group of young
locals from Tanauan, Batangas. The group won first place in the first television production of Asia’s Got
Talent in Singapore in May 2015. They have conquered the hearts not only of the Filipinos but of Asians
as well.
In visual arts, the Filipinos have also made a big scene. Once again, the Philippines is participating in the
Venice Biennale after fifty- one years of absence, The Venice Biennale is a prestigious international art
exhibition that started in 1895. One of its aims is showcase the latest works of art from different nations.
Patrick Flores, a professor of Art Studies and curator of the Vargas Museum of the University of the
Philippines, was chosen to curate the Philippine Pavilion. He named the exhibit “Tie a string around the
World.” Representing the Philippines are artists Jose Tence Ruiz, Manny Montelibano, Gus Albor, Lito
Carating, and Jing Turalba. It is wonderful to know that the Philippine Pavilion has been named in the
best list and a “must see” among the international pavilions. One of the pavilion’s exhibits, Shoal by Jose
Tence Ruiz.
Among the first contemporary artists to be acclaimed internationally is Cecil Licad, a gifted classical
pianist. As a child prodigy, she made her debut at the age of seven as a soloist with the Philippine
Philharmonic Orchestra. She was also one of the youngest musicians to receive the prestigious
Leventritt Competition Gold Medal in 1981.She is based abroad and when she is in the country, she
gives concerts and outreach programs to budding musicians.
51
And, of course, who can forget Lea Salonga? She is a former member of Repertory Philippines, a
theater company founded by the late Zenaida Amador that produces Broadway and other plays. Lea was
one of several hundred Asian aspirants to be chosen for the role of Kim in the 1989 musical Miss Saigon
in London and later in Broadway, for which she received a Tony Award. The Tony Award is Broadway’s
equivalent to Hollywood’s Academy Award, or Oscars.” Aside from being known as Kim, Lea also
performed as Fantine and Eponine in mother hit musical, Les Miserables; as Mulan in the Disney movie
Mulan; and as Princess Jasmine in another Disney film Aladdin.
Lisa Macuja- Elizalde, the country’s first prima ballerina is the first foreign soloist to join Kirov ballet, a
famous Russian ballet company. She has won several awards_ both national and foreign_ for recitals.
One of these awards is a spot in the 1997 Ten Outstanding Young Persons of the World in the USA.
She was also given the Order of International Friendship by Russian President Vladimir Putin in 2001.
We also remember pop singer Charice Pempengco, who became famous when Ellen Degeneres
discovered her on Youtube a few years ago. After a short stint in the United States, she has returned
and is now a popular recording artist.
Philippine art today is active and vibrant because of the Filipino artist’ talent, creativity. Skill, and their
perseverance even in times of turmoil that drive them to pursue their dreams
ELABORATE
Looking back, you have seen how there came the rise of the National Living
Treasures and how thriving Filipino world-class artists are. They come as a proof
that Filipinos are people of a very rich culture.
What then, in your honest opinion, is the importance of preserving and
promoting genuine Filipino tradition through the arts?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________
52
EVALUATE
PERFORMANCE TASK # 3 (30 pts.)
Through a creative brochure, promote the artists and arts

in your own region. You are, likewise, encouraged to share your output
with your friends on Facebook.
You have the following liberty:
▪MS Publisher or any other template available

▪Panel page size
▪Paper size
▪Paper quality
▪Cover designs
▪Color (motif), font style, font number
▪Pictures
Be guided by the scoring rubrics below.

Criteria 6 4.5 3 1.5
Excellent Good Fair Needs
Improvement
Style and The brochure contains The brochure contains The brochure The brochure
Organization the special profile of the special profile of includes the special contains fewer
every artist that every artist that profile of every artist, profile of the artists.
incorporate a incorporate a but may have an The profile of the
combination of their combination of their over representation artists did not
background and background and of their background include one of the
history, and their history, and their and history, and their following:
popular works. It popular works. It popular works. There background and
contains appropriate contains gradations, is no discernible history, and their
time gradations of set but not at set intervals. gradation of time popular works. No
intervals. Artist profiles Artist profiles are intervals, but artist attempt to place the
are placed in correct placed in correct profiles are in artist profile in
chronological order. chronological order. chronological order. sequence or correct
chronological order.
Content Each profile contains Each profile contains Most profile artists Many profile artists
an image and an image and include image and are missing one of
explanation about the explanation about the explanation which the following
life and works of the life and works of the may not relate to the elements: image
53
artists. Facts were artists. Facts were life and works of the and/ or explanation.
accurate for all profiles accurate for almost all artists. Facts were Explanation does
reported on the profiles reported on accurate for most not explain the life
timeline. Each profile the timeline. Each (75%) of the artist and works of the
includes at least three profile has at least two profiles reported on artists. Facts were
complete sentences. complete sentences. the timeline. Each often inaccurate for
profile has at least profiles reported on
one complete the timeline. Some
sentence. profiles had no
content attached.
Graphics All graphics effectively All graphics are Some graphics are Graphics are not
and Images/ illustrated the effective. Every artist effective and their effective and/or less
Creativity/ importance of the artist profile has at least use is balanced with than two images or
Visual profile and were three images. text use. Only two graphics attached.
aesthetic balanced with text use. graphics or images
Every artist profile has attached.
at least three images.
Title The brochure has a The brochure has an The brochure has a The title of all the
creative title that effective title that title that is easy to parts of the activity
accurately describes accurately describes locate. is missing and
the material and is easy the material and is difficult to locate.
to locate. easy to locate.
Details/ Gives appropriates Gives details and Gives little detail and Gives no detail or
Implications details and thoughtful implications of poor analysis of implications of
implications of information about the implications of information on the
information about the different artists. information. given topic.
different artists. Creates connections of
Creates connections art to text.
with each researched
information.
54
REFERENCES
Benavidez-Perez, A., Ignacio, J. M., & Fajardo, B. (2016). Philippine contemporary arts. Expressions
and experimentation. Quezon City: Brilliant Creations Publishing, Inc.
Magalona, E., Zoleta, M. A., & Arlos, A. (2017). Contemporary Philippine arts from the regions. Manila:
Mindshapers Co., Inc.
National Commission for Culture and Arts. (2020). The order of national artists. Retrieved from
https://ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/culture-profile/national-artists-of-the-philippines/
Official Gazette. (n.d). NCCA’s National Artists of the Philippines Guidelines. Retrieved from
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/the-order-of-national-artists/
Palencia, M., Cruz, J., Solmerano, E. T., Ondevilla, M. K., & Jerusalem, V. (2017). Contemporary
Philippine arts from the regions. Manila: Fast books Educational Supply, Inc.
University of the Philippines. (n.d.). National artists of the Philippines. Retrieved from
https://upd.edu.ph/national-artists-of-the-philippines/
55
MODULE 3
Beautiful is every morning as it may signify a

new beginning or a second chance. Equally
beautiful may be a ceramic jar with its floriated
design, rich color, and even texture.
The concept of beautiful, however, varies from

one person to another. What you consider
beautiful may not be perceived the same by
others. This contrast of judgments springs
from each individual’s yardstick of what
beautiful is.
This module aims to cultivate if not heighten

your aesthetic sense of the contemporary
ELEMENTS OF ART arts, particularly the visual and the performing

arts, along their elements and principles of
design.
AND PRINCIPLES Eventually by means of an acceptable set of
OF DESIGN IN criteria, you form a correct and credible
analysis or judgement of what beautiful is in
CONTEMPORARY the field of arts.
ARTS
56
UNIT 1
At the end of the lesson, you should be able
to:
1. enumerate the elements of art and

principles of design;
2. analyze contemporary art forms

based on elements and principles;
and
3. believe in the importance of

contemporary arts in Filipino lives
being a means of personal expression
and a reflection of beliefs, values, or
perspectives.
57
ENGAGE
It could be the visual arts which include painting, sculpture,
architecture, installation, photography, and video art. Or it
might be the performing arts which comprise drama, music,
and dance.
Cite one specific contemporary art form from your region
which you personally find astounding.
__________________________________
Take a look at these other contemporary art forms and recognize

the artistic quality in each.
EXPLORE
[Photograph of Jordan Mang-osan’s pyrography drawing].

(n.d.). https://www.tam-awanvillage.com/about- [Photograph of Sitting by Rogel Cabisidan, Jury’s prize 28th
us/gallery/sample-works-of-artist/nggallery/sample- International Ice Carving Competition in France]. (2019).
works-of-artists/Jordan-Mang-osan/page/1 https://news.abs-cbn.com/overseas/01/23/19/pinoy-wins-intl-
ice-carving-contest-in-france
FDCP Channel. (2020). [Picture of DILG Advocacy Award "Dad-aan

Simon, E. (2019). [Picture of UP Baguio Teatro Amianan, Governor Center Rd.] Na" directed by Julius Lumigued] [Photograph]. WowCordillera.
[Photograph]. BluPrint. https://bluprint.onemega.com/90-design-studio- https://www.wowcordillera.com/2020/11/film-of-igorot-
explores-abstract-past-forms-in-up-baguio-teatro-amianan/ director-lumigued-dad.html
58
[Photograph of The Philippine Contemporary A Cappella

Society, 2016 Overall Champion of the A Cappella
Championships in Singapore]. (2016).
Easter Weaving. (2018). [Picture of a wedding gown in traditional weaves] http://www.fringemag.net/web/akapela-concert-set-on-
[Photograph]. Facebook. https://www.facebook.com/easter.weaving sept-23-24-in-baguio/
[Photograph of Ballet Philippines’ “Master Pieces: Celebrating the Tapestry of

Filipino Culture & Friendship” in Doha, Qatar]. (2015).
https://dohape.dfa.gov.ph/newsroom/embassy-news/158-ballet-philippines-to-
perform-in-doha
EXPLAIN
To further appreciate a work of art, let us learn of the fundamental aspects:
the elements of art and principles of design.
ELEMENTS OF ART
Line is the path created by a moving point, mark, or object. It is a dot that takes a
walk. A line can be straight, swirly, wavy, jagged, dotted, dashed, broken, thick,
Line thin, zig zag, diagonal, vertical, horizontal, curved, bold, parallel, or perpendicular.
Shape is a flat enclosed area that is two-dimensional (2D), or length and height.
When a line connects to itself, it creates a shape. It can either be geometric
Shape (angular) or organic (curvy). Examples of shapes are circle, square, rectangle,
diamond, oval, crescent, heart, triangle, and octagon.
Form As opposed to a shape, form has three dimensions (3D), or height, width, and
depth. You can walk around a form. Examples of form are cube, cylinder, and
sphere.
59
Space is the emptiness or area within or around objects. Positive space is the
area that the object occupies. Negative space is the empty area around that
Space object.
Space also refers to the "parts" of the picture: foreground, middle ground, and
background.
Color is the visible wavelength of light that is reflected off a surface. Color adds
interest and mood to a work of art. It is also referred to as "Hue". The primary
Color colors are red, yellow, and blue. The secondary colors are created by mixing
equal amounts of two primary colors. They are green, orange, and purple (violet).
The tertiary colors are made by mixing primary and secondary colors.
Value is the degree of lightness or darkness of a color – or the effect of light and
shade on objects in a picture. The lighter the color, the higher the value. The
Value darker the color, the lower the value. Adding white to any color creates a tint.
Adding black to any color creates a shade.
Texture is the perceived surface quality of a work of art. There are two types of
texture: Actual (how the surface actually feels: it can really be felt by touch) and
Texture Illusory (how the surface appears to feel, without having any actual texture: it can
only be seen, not felt).
PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
Rhythm Rhythm (or Beat) is the regular repetition of certain elements in a work
of art like color or lines to create a pattern and show movement.
Movement Movement is the look of action (or sense of motion) in a work of art.
Proportion Proportion is the relationship in size of one component/part of a work of
art to another component/part or to the whole.
Variety Variety is the diversity in a work of art through use or combination of
several elements of design so that monotony may be prevented.
Emphasis Emphasis is the dominant feature (or the focal point) in a work of art.
Subordination is its opposite – the less important feature.
and Contrasts in color, value, space, line, texture, or shape generate
Subordination emphasis and subordination.
Balance is the visual equalization of the elements in a work of art. It
demonstrates how the artist creates or distributes weight through formal
Balance (symmetrical) balance, informal (asymmetrical) balance, or radial
balance.
1. FORMAL OR SYMMETRICAL BALANCE is achieved when both sides of an artwork appear
the same. Formal balance may either be strict symmetry if division of weight is exactly the
same (eg. spread wings of a butterfly) or approximate symmetry if division of weight is
roughly the same.
2. INFORMAL OR ASYMMETRICAL BALANCE is achieved when both sides are not the same
yet visual stability exists (eg. Ikebana, the Japanese art of flower arrangement).
3. RADIAL BALANCE is achieved when elements are distributed around a center point (like a
flower).
Harmony Harmony (or unity) is the wholeness of the work of art with its elements
and the principles of design perfectly fitting together.
60
TO ILLUSTRATE ELEMENTS OF ART AND PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN,

WE CAN CHOOSE TO HAVE JORDAN MANG-OSAN’S PYROGRAPHY DRAWING.
Pyrography is the art of decorating wood or other This untitled pyrography drawing presents a child
materials with burn marks resulting from a controlled (most presumably, a daughter) with her mother as the
application of a heated object. subject. Subject pertains to any object shown or
represented in the work of art. It may be person,
What Mang-osan does after he sketches a design is scene, animal, thing, idea, or event. Subject differs
that he uses a magnifying glass to concentrate solar from theme which is general in scope being the
heat on select areas of his design. The heat etches universal idea explored in the work. For instance, if
darkened lines into the wood, resulting in a the theme were Memories That Matter, the subject
magnificent landscape or an elaborate portrait. could be a daughter with her mother.
PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
ELEMENTS OF ART
►Tattoos and weaving
►This artwork lavishly uses designs each follow a
the lines it needs from the similar pattern and form
eye brows, long hair, comb which, thus, make most
teeth, garment design, and lines, shapes, and color
the tattoos to the background. on this artwork attain
rhythm.
►Shapes are carefully
noticeable on the garment, ►Rhythm elicits the
the mother’s arm, and on movement or look of
the background; the subject action (sense of motion)
can be considered form. in the tattoos and
weaving designs.
►The frames are a
negative space; whereas, ►The components of the
everything inside the subject are in proportion
frame is a positive space. to each other.
►The patterns of the lines and shapes, the color and its low
►Having ash black and burnt
and high value, and the illusory texture come in variety.
umber, black and brown
color scheme dominates. ►Between the daughter ►Using a single axis as the
and her mother, the dividing point and splitting
►Color is of varying value. Skin tone,
daughter is the down the middle, this
for instance, has to be of higher value; artwork demonstrates
emphasis with her face
likewise, the effect of light and shade informal (or asymmetrical)
looking directly.
on the daughter’s face is noteworthy. balance.
►With the absence of tattoos on the daughter’s ►With the elements of art and principles of design
and mother’s faces, texture, illusory it is, is complementing each other in this artwork and most
softly smooth while the garment, tattoos, and especially alongside the theme Memories That
the background seem tactilely coarse. Matter, this pyrography drawing exhibits harmony.
61
ELABORATE
THE ELEMENTS OF ART AND PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN ARE ALSO
IDENTIFIABLE IN OTHER ART FORMS WHICH INCLUDE DRAMA,
MUSIC, AND DANCE.
Lines are the words that actors say in a

performance.
A musical line is a melodic statement which runs
through a composition. This line can be vocal or
instrumental.
People may dance in line as choreographed.
If there is space between beats in music, there also
is space between performers on stage.
Color is the quality of a singer’s or an actor’s voice,
yet there also is the effect of color, including
texture, in the choice of costumes and backdrops.
Balance can either be formal, informal, or radial in
dance formations.
Movements are most helpful in the performing arts
as these are actions or gestures to vividly convey
intended messages.
The leading actor, the lead vocalist, and the star
dancer are an emphasis; the supporting actor, the
backing vocalists, and the backup dancers serve as
subordination.

Analyze one specific contemporary art form from your region which
you personally find astounding.
To analyze is “to break the whole into its parts”; henceforth, examine
and appreciate the art based on its elements and principles of design.
EVALUATE Follow the answer sheet template and be guided by the scoring rubrics
provided in the next two pages.
62
MECHANICS
Handwritten or Encoded (PDF)
Arial Narrow 12
ANSWER SHEET TEMPLATE Single-spaced
1-inch margins
NAME
STRAND & SECTION Short bond paper/s
IMAGE OF THE ART IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT IT
SOURCE/REFERENCE SOURCE/REFERENCE
YOUR ANALYIS BASED ON YOUR ANALYIS BASED ON

ELEMENTS OF ART PRNCIPLES OF DESIGN
YOUR COMMENT ON HOW THE ART IS A MEANS OF PERSONAL EXPRESSION

AND A REFLECTION OF BELIEFS, VALUES, OR PERSPECTIVES
63
SCORING RUBRICS
15 10 5
Ideas are well Ideas are well Ideas are illogically
organized following organized following sequenced not
ORGANIZATION the prescribed format. a different format. following a format.
AND
All questions are Questions are not Questions are not
COMPLETENESS
completely answered. completely answered answered.
having used a
different format.
Ideas are clear and Some ideas are Almost all ideas are
CLARITY AND well substantiated. unclear lacking unclear.
DEPTH justification.
TOTAL ________ pts.
64
REFERENCES
Benavides-Perez, A. (2016). Philippine contemporary arts: Expressions and experimentations.
Brilliant Creations.
Hurst Euless Bedford Independent School District. (n.d.). Elements and principles of art.
https://www.hebisd.edu/cms/lib/TX50000437/Centricity/Domain/76/documents/Elementary%20A
rt%20Curriculum%20Framework/Elements_and_Principles_of_Art_A.pdf
Maximo, G. (2012). [Picture of a jar: Conception, notion, impression] [Photograph]. Facebook.

https://www.facebook.com/galad.mcsimo
Sabri, D. (2020, October 6). Elements of art and principles of design. Academia.edu.
https://www.academia.edu/5463889/Elements_of_art_and_principles_of_design
Weebly. (n.d.). Pyrography. https://undergroundart.weebly.com/pyrography.html
Zhang, J. (2014, October 8). Artist uses the power of the sun to etch pyrography drawings. My Modern
Met. https://mymodernmet.com/jordan-mang-osan-solar-pyrography-drawings/
65
UNIT 2
to:
1. distinguish the three key elements to

understanding a work of art;
2. critique a work of art deploying an

acceptable set of criteria; and
3. subscribe to art forms which

authentically mirror society, culture,
and history.
66
Think through these thoughts about art.

ENGAGE Let me tell you a secret. There are no wrong answers when you’re
talking about art.
Sometimes art can seem inaccessible or difficult to understand. But there
is no need to be put off. At the heart of every engagement with an
artwork is this: do you like it or not?
Everyone is equal in front of an artwork and there are no wrong answers.
Do you like it or not? Do you find it striking or not? Do you want to find
out more or not? It really is that simple. If you don’t like it, that’s OK! It
doesn’t matter what other people say or think.
But there are things you can do, in order to understand and
appreciate art a little bit more.
You are the only critic that counts.
- Dr. Laura-Jane Foley, British writer and art historian
How to understand art
https://www.readersdigest.co.uk/culture/art-theatre/how-to-understand-art
EXPLORE
Being the only critic that
counts, deliberate which
artwork you will like most.
[Photograph of Red Painting by Nestor

Vinluan]. (2017).
https://www.pressreader.com/philippine
s/the-philippine-
star/20170130/282759176391918
[Photograph of Dancing Rings by Joe [Photograph of an Oblation-like

Datuin]. (2018). sculpture in Laoag City]. (2013).
[Photograph of Boxer Slipper Painting – Colored https://theurbanhistorian.tumblr.co
https://www.mukamo.com/joe-
by Alger Guevarra]. (2015). m/post/45750328381/aurora-park-
datuin-wins-prize-beijing-olympics-
https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/ar laoag-city-laoag-citys-central
sculpture-artwork/dacing-rings-datuin/
tandculture/538318/pinoy-s-tsinelas-painting-of-
pacquiao-among-finalists-in-ripley-s-art-
contest/story/
67
EXPLAIN
More than liking an art is understanding it in order to appreciate it more.
When you look at an artwork, consider three key elements:
FORM, CONTENT, and CONTEXT.
THREE KEY ELEMENTS TO CONSIDER IN UNDERSTANDING ART

Form refers to all the visible features of the artwork that come
together as a whole. It has nothing to do with the art’s in-depth
FORM meaning. What you see is what you get.
Therefore, form includes color, use of lines, texture or surface,
rhythm, variety, proportion, balance, emphasis, and the material or
medium used to construct the artwork.
Content is the emotional or intellectual message of the artwork
through its subject matter. The subject matter may be a historical
CONTENT scene, a landscape, a portrait, an interior, or an abstraction. Beyond
the subject matter is what is happening in the artwork – what
meaning is derived from it or whether or not it creates a particular
mood or reaction.
CONTEXT Context is the set of circumstances or facts that surround the
artwork. The context helps in understanding the meaning of a work
of art.
There are two kinds of context in the arts:
1. PRIMARY CONTEXT is the personal type for it concerns the artist’s sentiments – his
beliefs, values, interests, attitudes, and emotions.
2. SECONDARY CONTEXT is the external type within which the artwork was made:
a. the place and period
b the climate and geography of the place
c. the social, political, and economic environment
d. the society’s religious and philosophical convictions
e. the sources referenced in the work such as the work of other artists, literature,
ancient mythology, and pop culture
TO ILLUSTRATE FORM, CONTENT, AND CONTEXT, WE CAN CHOOSE

TO HAVE NESTOR VINLUAN’S RED PAINTING.
NESTOR OLARTE VINLUAN was born in

Pozorrubio, Pangasinan. He is a multi-faceted artist
and foremost abstractionist in modern-day
Philippines. His creative inclination was sparked by
his mother, a grade school art teacher, as well as
ELABORATE his brother who had a knack for doodling and
poetry. After graduating from the UP College of
Fine Arts, he acquired a master’s degree in Fine
Arts from the Pratt Institute in New York on a
Fulbright-Hays Scholarship. He has been painting
Miclat, M. (2018). [Picture of Nestor Vinluan]
[Photograph]. Facebook.
professionally for almost 50 years now despite
https://www.facebook.com/brilliant.maningning/ph having numerous awards and a record of 150
otos/pcb.10156249597270845/10156249596140845 exhibits, 21 of them solo.
68
Abstract art does not attempt to represent

external reality but seeks to achieve its effect
Red Painting using shapes, forms, colors, and textures. The
by Nestor Vinluan subject in abstraction may not be fully
Acrylic on canvas recognizable.
121.8cm (H) x 121.8cm (W) / 48" (H) x 48" (W)
US$ 11,335 Nestor Vinluan gets inspiration from the textures
SOLD! and colors in the natural world, distills them on
his mind, and translates them on canvas – thus,
they are abstracted.
Realism attempts to represent visual reality.

The subject in realism is easily recognizable.
Jordan Mang-osan’s pyrography drawing of a
daughter with her mother and Alger Guevarra’s
Boxer Slipper Painting-Colored are examples for
realism.
► An art which depicts actual objects or
subjects from reality is classified as
Representational; on the other hand, if it does
not depict physical objects from the real world, it
is classified as Nonrepresentational.
FORM
This artwork is a layer of three varied
colors: black, blue, and red leading for CONTENT
emphasis. Amazingly, the colors are Red Painting is an abstract art.
almost of the same value spread out
and split crosswise, it is formal One of the most visible colors, second only to yellow, the
balance, almost a strict symmetry. powerful red in this artwork captures attention yet instills
With the pigment in crumbs, texture is caution, clear-headedness, and resolution as manifested
illusory rough. by its redness blended with other colors. Red Painting
refuses to be purely red or it may speak of extremes that
Titled Red Painting, this artwork red is known for: for instance, righteousness and
achieves harmony having red arrogance with none to impart if this artwork were all
proportionate to the space it has to monotonous red. After all life is red blended with other
occupy. colors: a little bit of caution, clear-headedness, and
resolution goes a long way.
CONTEXT
An Asian painter, Vinluan must have picked red being the color of
good luck in Asia. He must have also recognized how red on the
Philippine flag, which stands for patriotism and valor, subsists with
other colors.
Moreover, he says, “My art is a personal statement of my wholeness
of being, of a universality of feeling good about myself, and how I
must relate to my colleagues and other members of the society”.
69
EVALUATE
Deploying the three key elements to consider in understanding art, rank the
following artworks according to which you like and understand most to the
least. Use #s 1-4. Then, share your thoughts or insights of the artwork which
you ranked 1st.
Follow the answer sheet template and be guided by the scoring rubrics
provided in the next two pages.
[Photograph of PEYSAWT (phase out/face

out) by Cedrick Dela Paz, acrylic on canvas].
(2020). https://mb.com.ph/2020/07/13/look-
[Photograph of The Cure by Ram artworks-by-pinoy-artists-in-quarantine/
Mallari Jr., sculpture in mixed
media]. (2020).
https://mb.com.ph/2020/07/13/loo
k-artworks-by-pinoy-artists-in-
quarantine/
[Photograph of Rest to Ration by Bryan Teves,

oil on canvas]. (2020).
[Photograph of A Mask Have by Rose Marrie Saplad, oil on https://mb.com.ph/2020/07/13/look-artworks-
canvas]. (2020). https://mb.com.ph/2020/07/13/look-artworks- by-pinoy-artists-in-quarantine/
by-pinoy-artists-in-quarantine/
70
MECHANICS
Handwritten or Encoded (PDF)
Arial Narrow 12
ANSWER SHEET TEMPLATE Single-spaced
1-inch margins
NAME
STRAND & SECTION Short bond paper/s
FORM (What you see)
GUIDE QUESTIONS:
IMAGE OF THE ARTWORK 1. What or who do you see in the artwork?
RANKED 1st 2. Describe it. How is it presented?
3. What are the notable elements of art or
principles of design in the artwork?
CONTENT (What the message is) CONTEXT (What the situations are surrounding the
work)
GUIDE QUESTIONS:
GUIDE QUESTIONS:
1. What is the theme of the artwork?
2. React. How do you find the theme? 1. What do you think does the artist think, feel,
3. What must be the message of the artwork (or or value as revealed in the artwork?
the artist)? Cite features of the artwork that 2. What must be the period in history behind
will support your answer. the artwork?
YOUR COMMENT ON HOW THE ART AUTHENTICALLY MIRRORS SOCIETY, CULTURE, AND/OR HISTORY
71
SCORING RUBRICS
15 10 5
Ideas are well Ideas are well Ideas are illogically
organized following organized following sequenced not
ORGANIZATION the prescribed format. a different format. following a format.
AND
All questions are Questions are not Questions are not
COMPLETENESS
completely answered. completely answered answered.
having used a
different format.
Ideas are clear and Some ideas are Almost all ideas are
CLARITY AND well substantiated. unclear lacking unclear.
DEPTH justification.
TOTAL ________ pts.
72
REFERENCES
Benavides-Perez, A. (2016). Philippine contemporary arts: Expressions and experimentations.
Brilliant Creations.
Caňete, R. (2002, June 1). Cosmic harmony in Nestor Vinluan’s home. Philstar Global.
https://www.philstar.com/lifestyle/modern-living/2002/06/01/163007/cosmic-harmony-nestor-
vinluan146s-home
Nestor Vinluan: The world through the eyes of a child. (2017, September 3). The Philippine Star.
https://www.pressreader.com/philippines/the-philippine-star/20170903/282428464330978
The Artling. (n.d.). Red painting. https://theartling.com/en/artwork/nestor-vinluan-red-painting-c/
University of Maryland, Baltimore County. (n.d.). Content, context, form, and technique.
https://userpages.umbc.edu/~custen/MCS377/PDFs/Content_Form.pdf
University of Tasmania. (n.d.). Definitions: Form, content, and context.

https://mylo.utas.edu.au/d2l/lor/viewer/viewFile.d2lfile/6607/107979,1/FormContentContextDefin
itions.pdf?ou=6607
73
UNIT 3
to:
1. recall the elements of art, principles of

design, and the three key elements in
understanding art;
2. incorporate contemporary
characteristics in an artwork with
attention to detail; and
3. manifest love for the arts in order to

deepen cultural and self-
understanding.
74
ENGAGE
▪ Art allows you to express yourself.

EXPLORE ▪ Art soothes your mind.
▪ Art shapes your confidence.
▪ Art prods your creativity and improves your skill.
▪ Art lets you process life’s intricacies.
▪ Art upholds your cultural identity.
▪ Art draws you to self-understanding and self-acceptance.
▪ Art makes you happy.
There are other various reasons why students make art and
the benefits it brings are impossibly undervalued.
For a case in point, the arts are as important as academics.
EXPLAIN PERFORMANCE TASK # 1 (30 pts.)

Having learned the elements of art, principles of design, and the three
key elements in understanding art, you are all set to make art
incorporating contemporary characteristics.
You are given the liberty to decide on the subject or theme and to choose
the style of depicting it – representational or nonrepresentational.
Use a regular Oslo paper, 9′ x 12′.
Affix your initial (artist’s initial) on the artwork.
Only one artwork is required but you can pass two – if it delights you.
Art is worth sharing.
►►Submit output in Image or JPG format.
ELABORATE
In addition to Abstraction and Realism are other styles of depicting a
subject such as Fauvism, Impressionism, Non Objectivism, and
Surrealism from which you can also choose.
The following are examples with the links you can refer to for additional
information.
75
[Photograph of painting: Impressionism by Benedicto Cabrera]. (2019).

http://www.artnet.com/artists/benedicto-cabrera/
[Photograph of painting: Realism by
Araceli Dans]. (2016).
https://lifestyle.inquirer.net/241400/aracel
i-dans-at-86-i-just-paint-and-
paint/#ixzz6ftnIZQTV
[Photograph of painting: Non-objective art by Constancio

Bernardo]. (2013).
http://maisonmagloyuan.blogspot.com/2013/11/constanci
o-bernardo-1913-2013-at-ayala.html
[Photograph of painting: Abstract art by Ivan Acuna].
(2019). https://mueblesitaliano.ph/blog/contemporary-art-
ivan-acuna/
[Photograph of painting: Surrealism by Andres

Barrioquinto]. (2012).
https://www.tuttartpitturasculturapoesiamusica.com/201
[Photograph of painting: Fauvism by Paul Hilario]. (n.d.).
2/09/Andres-Barrioquinto.html
https://hombao.ics.uci.edu/hilario.html
76
EVALUATE
Be guided by the scoring rubrics.
Have fun.
SCORING RUBRICS
15 10 5
The elements of art Negligible it could be Several features of

and principles of but under careful the art are awry which
FORMAL QUALITY design entwine in scrutiny, some make the message
harmony so the element of art and/or undetermined.
message that the art principle of design
expects to convey is distort/s the message
clearly grasped. being grasped.
The art is both The art is only either Relying on use or
MECHANICAL AND skillfully and skillfully or beautifully application of
AESTHETIC beautifully made vis-à- made although vis-à- mediums, the art is
QUALITY vis its style of vis its style of neither skillfully nor
depicting the subject depicting the subject beautifully made.
or theme. or theme.
The artist appears to The artist has the skill The artist surely has
have patiently, and/or passion in the some skill and/or
carefully, precisely, arts but has passion in the arts but
and enjoyably worked accomplished this art is not at the moment
on the mediums. in haste. in the right mood.
TOTAL ________ pts.
77
MODULE 4
Contemporary art embraces a variety of
art forms, from the all popular paintings
and drawings to the birth of new
approaches using digital and
technologically-driven art media. These
capture the ensemble of the human
senses and enable us to understand
and perceive the world around us.
In the dynamic art landscape,

understanding how the traditional ways
evolve through the call of the times is
essential. Hence, from this point, we
delve into manipulation and
[Photograph]. (2018). representation of local materials that
www.sunstar.com.ph. https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/1767310/Tacloban/ capture the distinct Filipino ingenuity by
Business/Lowly-banig-of-Basey-Samar-makes-it-to-national-global-market
the modern day artists.
CONTEMPORARY ART Looking beyond conventions, we are

able to appreciate art grounded on the
PRACTICES: idea that art does not exist in a vacuum
LOCAL MATERIALS and that art will not cease from giving
birth as long as there are artists who
AND TECHNIQUES sustain it.
USED IN
CONTEMPORARY ART
78
UNIT 1
to:
1. critique available local materials and

appropriate techniques in creating art;
2. explicate the use of available materials

and the application of techniques;
3. apply artistic skills and techniques in the

process of creation; and
4. create the intended final product using

appropriate materials for the best possible
output.
79
ENGAGE
Contemporary artists feel free to experiment with materials and use technology to
explore possibilities. What would you do with old textile, used plastic bottles, buri or
abaca? How can indigenous materials, found objects, recycled materials be combined to
make an artwork? Can you use the computer to plan an art space before installing an
artwork? These are the questions that artists grapple with in choosing or planning the
materials to use for their artworks. This unit will describe the traditional as well as new
materials and techniques used by the contemporary artists in making their art works.
EXPLORE
Medium, which comes from the Latin word medium, denotes the means by which
an artist communicates his ideas. These are the materials which are used by an artist to
interpret his feelings or thoughts. Many mediums have been used in creating different
works of art. The architect uses wood, bamboo, bricks, stone, concrete, and various
building materials. The painter uses pigments on wood or canvas to recreate reality of
nature. A sculptor uses steel, marble, bronze, metal and wood. A musician uses sound
and instruments to communicate its subject. Thus, medium is very essential in arts.
On the basis of medium, the arts are primarily classified as visual and auditory.
Visual arts are those whose mediums can be seen and which occupy space. These are
grouped into two classes. The first is the dimensional or two-dimensional arts which
include painting, drawing, printmaking, and photography. The three-dimensional arts
include sculpture, architecture, landscape, community planning, industrial designs, and
crafts like ceramics and furniture
The auditory arts are those whose mediums can be heard and which are
expressed in time. These are music and literature. The combined arts are those whose
mediums can be seen and heard, and these exist in both space and time. These are the
dance, the opera, the drama, and the movies. Along with the music, these are also known
as the performing arts because each artwork grasps the meaning of a significant event or
similar sequences consisting chiefly of a series of continuous incidents.
All arts convey meaning and these may be enjoyed through either the visual or the
auditory sense or both.
Technique is the manner in which the artist controls his medium to achieve the
desired effect. It is the ability with which he fulfills the technical requirements of his
particular work of art. It has something to do with the way he manipulates his medium to
express his ideas in the artwork.
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EXPLAIN
I. Materials Used in Contemporary Art

The artist thinks, feels, and gives shape to his vision in terms of his vision. When an
artist chooses his medium, he believes that this can best express the idea he wants to convey.
This section will examine the mediums used in painting, sculpture, architecture, and music.
A. Painting Mediums
Painting is the art of creating meaningful effects on a flat surface by the use of pigments.
Different mediums are used in painting. Each medium exerts a pronounced effect on the finished
product, is capable of varied treatment, and determines its own stroke.
Painting Mediums
Medium Binder Diluent/Solvent Characteristics
1. acrylic paint acrylic Acrylic mediums, fast drying (dries
polymer denatured alcohol darker); opaque
dispersion (limited use) or translucent
2. OPEN acrylic OPEN Acrylic remains wet on

acrylic paint polymer mediums palette for
(GO) dispersion extended period
3. alkyd paint oil modified oil medium/pure similar to oils, but

alkyd resin gum turpentine, fast drying:
mineral spirits compatible with
oils; opaque
4. casein paint milk solids water fast drying;
opaque; matte
5. colored wax, gum mineral spirits, applied in layers;

pencil colorless marker waxy, buff for
shine
6. gouache natural gum water fast drying;
paint opaque; matte
7. gouache acrylic water same as

(acrylic) paint dispersion gouache; dries
water resistant
8. ink gum, water/denatured fast drying ,
(pigmented) shellac or alcohol transparent,
acrylic brilliant color; use
emulsion lightfast only
81
9. oil paint or natural oils oil medium/pure slow drying;

oil sticks (linseed , gum turpentine, opaque
poppy, mineral spirits
safflower)
10. oil paint modified pure gum slow drying; loses
(water linseed oil turpentine, water miscibility if
miscible) mineral spirits, too much oil is
water for cleanup used
11. pastel weak gum only for water- brilliant pure
solution soluble soft pastel color; opaque;
soft or hard
12. pastel (oil) natural oils pure gum opaque pastel
(linseed turpentine, effect with no
poppy, mineral spirits dust
safflower)
13. tempera egg yolk water fast drying;
paint opaque;
translucent layers
14. watercolor natural or water fast drying (dries

paint synthetic lighter);
gum (some transparent;
with honey) matte
15. watercolor synthetic water fast drying;
paint (QoR) gum Arabic intense colour
16. watercolor water- water mostly

pencils or soluble gum transparent;
sticks wettable for wash
effects
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B. Sculpture Mediums
In choosing a subject for sculpture, the most important thing to consider is the material.
The materials available for sculpture are limitless. Each of these materials presents interesting
motivation to challenge the sculptor’s creativity.
Sculpture Mediums
Bricks Clay
Absolutearts.com, Zamin Sangtarash. (2019, January 18). Zamin

10ft high red brick sculpture of Josiah Wedgwood I at Etruria hall, Sangtarash, wrung. absolutearts.com /
Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, England [MIC] [702x631]. (n.d.). wwar.com. https://www.absolutearts.com/sculpture/clay/zamin-
reddit. https://www.reddit.com/r/brickporn/comments/1kva12/10f sangtarash-wrung-1547795813.html
t_high_red_brick_s
Terracotta Metal
Terracotta sculpture by Lucas Madrassi. (n.d.). Elseshah, K. (2020, July 5). 66 amazing scrap metal sculptures by
AnticStore. https://www.anticstore.art/60148P
British sculptor J.K. Brown. WooArts. https://wooarts.com/j-k-brown/
Wire Ivory
'Contemplating' male wire sculpture. (n.d.). Saatchi Authors: Johanna Hecht. (0001, January 1). Ivory and boxwood
Art. https://www.saatchiart.com/art/Sculpture-Contemplating- carvings, 1450–1800. The Met’s Heilbrunn Timeline of Art
Male-Wire-Sculpture/974461/4217218/view History. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/boxw/hd_boxw.htm
83
Fabric Paper
Gottesman, S. (2016, October 31). 10 textile artists who are pushing

Paper sculpture. (2015, May 21). Art Now and Then. https://art-now-
the medium forward. Artsy. https://www.artsy.net/article/artsy-
and-then.blogspot.com/2015/05/paper-sculpture.html
editorial-10-textile-artists-who-are-pushing-the-medium-forward
Sand Stone
9 truly remarkable sand sculptures. (2014, August 21). From the Stone sculpture: Detailed description. (2017, September 5). world of
Grapevine. https://www.fromthegrapevine.com/arts/9-remarkable- stones. https://www.worldofstones.com/blog/detailed-description-
sand-sculptures on-stone-sculpture/
Wax Wood
Totally beautiful and totally disturbing ... Wax sculpture by Rebecca

Stevenson | Wax art, sculpture, sculpture art. (2013, October 22). Abstract sculptures | Wood carving art, wood art, wood sculpture.
Pinterest. https://www.pinterest.com/pin/162833342757200101/ (n.d.).
Pinterest. https://www.pinterest.com/pin/52635889367364194/
Recycled Materials
Art from rubbish by Michelle reader – Ruby re-usable. (2014,

November 28). Ruby Re-
Usable. https://rubyreusable.com/2014/11/28/art-from-rubbish-by-
michelle-reader/
84
C. Mediums in Architecture
Architecture is an art. In its strictest meaning, it is the art of designing a building and
supervising its construction. It may also be regarded as the procedure assisted with the
conception of an idea and its realization in terms of building materials. In its broader meaning,
architecture is shelter to serve as protection of all activities of men- work, recreation, and sleep.
Materials in Architecture
1. Concrete
It is the most widely used building material
in the world, making it a good starting
material to get to know. However it also
has significant environmental impacts,
including a carbon footprint of up to 5% of
worldwide emissions.
Pin on architecture. (n.d.). Pinterest.

2. Wood
It is one of the oldest, most traditional
building materials around the world. The
material is beginning to take on new forms
thanks to engineered wood products, and
with high-rise buildings and even
translucent properties, this diverse material
is being taken to new heights.
Ma. Uray lane | Mapio.net | Philippine architecture, Philippine houses, Filipino
architecture. (n.d.).
Pinterest. https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/118993615139695040/
3. Steel
The city skylines as we know them
exploded out of our discovery of steel,
commonly used for reinforcement but
serving as a beautiful skin in several
examples.
INC offers Philippine arena as COVID-19 mega quarantine facility. (2020, July 24).
Manila Bulletin. https://mb.com.ph/2020/04/03/inc-offers-philippine-arena-as-
covid-19-mega-quarantine-facility/
4. Plastic
It may seem like a cheap, unsustainable
material to some, but one should not be so
quick to judge the possibilities that plastic
holds.
Anupoju, S. (2018, March 24). Properties and uses of plastics as a construction

material. The Constructor. https://theconstructor.org/building/plastics-
construction-material/12438/
85
5. Stone
It is another material used over
generations in certain geographical
locations around the world, stone has a
wide diversity of textures, colours and
strengths. Despite its heavy, solid
materiality, one can still work with it to
achieve diverse forms.
The province of Batanes | Stone houses, beautiful places, visit Philippines. (2011,
April 18). Pinterest. https://www.pinterest.com/pin/1900024813515870/
6. Textiles
It have been explored most commonly
using tensile structures, however there’s a
whole range of opportunities using this
material: load-bearing chairs, inflatable
spaces, fabric casting and wooden fabrics
amongst others.
Green efforts. (n.d.). - Redevelopment
Updates. https://smcitybaguio.weebly.com/green-efforts.html
7. Glass
The most used material to achieve
transparency and light is without a doubt
glass, one of the most commonly used
façade elements in contemporary
architecture. Some are taking it a step
further, attempting to extend its properties 16 iconic architectural structures in the Philippines. (2016, December 28).
to create "intelligent" responsive glass. ZipMatch. https://www.zipmatch.com/blog/architectural-structures-in-
philippines/
8. Brick
Despite its rigid, rectangular shape made
to fit in your hand, brick architecture has
been shown to create beautiful structures
with the right craftsmanship. Innovative
thinkers are also finding new ways to
incorporate active sustainability into the
small building elements.
Bahay Na bato. (n.d.). Wikiwand. Retrieved December 20, 2020,
from https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Bahay_na_bato
9. Kevlar
A material stronger than metal body armor,
with awesome tensile strength, Kevlar is
certainly an asset when building large
structures. With a less rigid composition
than steel however, it could reform the way
we think of large load-bearing structures.
Sullivan, C. (2011, October 20). Betting on kevlar: Tomorrow's wonder
material? ZDNet. https://www.zdnet.com/article/betting-on-kevlar-tomorrows-
wonder-material/
86
10. Bamboo
Bamboo usage is generally dictated by the
geographical location of the architectural
project. In locations where bamboo makes
sense, it is an incredibly flexible, strong,
sustainable material that can be useful in
many ways.
First full bamboo school in Philippines stands up to tough Stormwinds. (2011,
January 31). Inhabitat | Design For a Better World!. https://inhabitat.com/first-full-
bamboo-school-in-philippines-stands-up-to-tough-stormwinds/
11. Carbon Fiber
Reflecting everything about our new
material endeavors is carbon fiber: "five
times stronger than steel, twice as stiff,
weighing significantly less." The
composition of carbon fibre makes it
flexible to work with, allowing it to take Structural retrofitting carbon fiber [ other services] Pasay, Philippines -- Brand new
shapes from surfaces to rods, depending & 2nd hand for sale ~ Page -- 1. (n.d.). MyBenta ~ Free Classified Ads and Buy & Sell
on your requirements. Website,
Philippines. https://www.mybenta.com/tag?q=structural+retrofitting+carbon+fiber
12.Photovoltaic cells
With all the high-rises soaring high above
the earth, it’s a wonder photovoltaic
facades haven’t become a norm. Due to
the evolution of photovoltaic technology,
cells may no longer have to be locked in
place on the roof.
(n.d.). Philippine Solar Rooftops. https://www.solarrooftops.ph/
13. Earth
Earth is among the oldest building
materials we can think of due to its almost
universal accessibility and relative ease of
use at small scales. It’s capable of being
compressed into modules, as well as
creating freeform surfaces, all of which can
eventually return to the earth with ease.
Earthbags gone wild in the Philippines! (2008, September 18). Natural Building
Blog. https://www.naturalbuildingblog.com/earthbags-gone-wild-in-the-
philippines/
14. Waste
We produce a huge amount of waste
covering a huge range of materials, but
getting to know your waste is an excellent
idea for future architects. Whether it’s
converting cigarette butts into building
material or plastic bottles to earthquake
resistant walls, recycling is something to
Plastic architecture: 12 projects that highlight the potential of polymers. (2016,
be admired. March 23). ArchDaily. https://www.archdaily.com/783728/plastic-architecture-12-
projects-that-highlight-the-potential-of-polymers
87
15. Straw
Creating a passive thermal environment,
shielding from rain and blending into
similar natural surroundings are just a few
things that straw is good at. It’s no wonder
thatched roofs were so popular in the past.
Plastic architecture: 12 projects that highlight the potential of polymers. (2016,

March 23). ArchDaily. https://www.archdaily.com/783728/plastic-architecture-12-
projects-that-highlight-the-potential-of-polymers
D. Mediums of Music
Music is art and culture is reflected in art. The more music a person knows, the more
cultured he becomes.
Basically, music deals with sound. The mediums of music are the following:
1. the sound produced by man (vocal music) and

2. the sound produced by an instrument (instrumental music).
A. Vocal Music
Women’s Voices
1. Soprano- tone is lighter in character, less somber and frequently more flexible. It is
classified into:
a. Coloratura soprano- highest and lightest of all voices. The music written for this
voice quality is full of runs, trills and light ornaments.
b. Mezzo soprano- it is a medium high in tonal quality.
c. Lyric soprano- less high and flute-like. It is suited to sweet songs like melodies
Filipina Sopranos
Sarah Geronimo Regine Velasquez Lani Misalucha Lea Salonga

(Sarah Asher Tuazon (Regina Encarnacion (Lani Dimalanta Bayot) (Maria Lea Carmen
Geronimo) Ansong Velasquez- Imutan Salonga)
Alcasid)
Music lessons: The types of voices — Steemit. (n.d.). Steemit. https://steemit.com/music/@leih/music-lessons-the-type-of-voices
88
2. Alto or contralto- the tone is richer and fuller.

Filipina Altos
Toni Gonzaga Jolina Magdangal

(Celestine Cruz Gonzaga) (Maria Jolina Perez
Magdangal)
Music lessons: The types of voices — Steemit. (n.d.).
Steemit. https://steemit.com/music/@leih/music-lessons-the-type-of-voices
Men’s Voices
1. Tenor- the highest type in men’s voices

Filipino Tenors
Gary Valenciano Ogie Alcasid Martin Nievera

(Edgardo José Martin Santiago (Herminio Jose Lualhati Alcasid (Martin Ramon Razon Nievera)
Valenciano) Jr.)
Music lessons: The types of voices — Steemit. (n.d.). Steemit. https://steemit.com/music/@leih/music-lessons-the-type-of-voices
89
2. Baritone- the voice is between tenor and bass

Filipino Baritones
Cipriano “Zip” de Guzman Noel Azcona

Primer Media Inc. (2016, November 5). Filipino Noel Azcona. (2012, August 15).
baritone, Cipriano “Zip” de Guzman Jr. wins awards in CARMEN. https://carmenpublicity.wordpress.com/the-
Japan. people-behind-carmen-in-manila/the-cast/noel-
Blog. https://primer.com.ph/blog/2016/11/05/filipino- azcona/
baritone-cipriano-zip-de-guzman-jr-wins-awards-in-
japan/
3. Bass- lowest and deepest voice quality

Filipino Basses
Jonathan de La Paz Zaens Jose Mari Chan

(José Marí Chan y Lim)
Jonathan de La Paz Zaens (bass-baritone) - Short Jose Mari Chan. (n.d.). -
biography. (n.d.). Bach Cantatas Home. https://dokumentaryonijuantagalog.weebly.c
Website. https://www.bach-cantatas.com/Bio/Zaens- om/jose-mari-chan.html
Jonathan.htm
B. Instrumental Music in the Philippines

Music instruments, mechanisms that produce sounds, have been used for various
purposes. In earlier times they were also used as an adjunct to dance or to labor. In later
civilizations, instrumental music was used for entertainment. Present day musicological
studies, following the Hornbostel-Sachs classification, divide instruments into the following
categories: idiophones, aerophones, chordophones, and membranophones.
90
1. IDIOPHONES
Instruments that produce sound from the substance of the instrument itself (wood or metal) are
classified as idiophones. They are further subdivided into those that are struck, scraped,
plucked, shaken, or rubbed. In the Philippines there are metal and wooden (principally bamboo)
idiophones.
a. Gangsa (Cordillera)
The gongs vary in sized, the average

are struck with wooden sticks, padded
wooden sticks, or slapped with the palm
of the hand. Gong playing among the
Cordillera highlanders is an integral part
of peace pact gatherings, marriages,
prestige ceremonies, feasts, or rituals. Cordillera's musical instruments. (2017, May 15). Wat-Wat. https://wat-
watcar.blogspot.com/2017/05/cordilleras-musical-instruments.html
b. Kulintang (Southern Philippines)
These are sets of graduated gongs laid

in a row. It is played by striking the
bosses of the gongs with two wooden
beaters.
Kulintang. (2003, August 27). Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Retrieved December 21, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kulintang
c. Gabbang (Yakan, Sama, Tausug,

Palawan)
It consists of bamboo keys of graduated

lengths mounted on a trapezoidal box.
The number of keys varies among the
different ethnic groups, ranging from 3 to Gabbang. (n.d.). Kipas
22. Gallery. https://www.kipas.nl/Instruments/Gabbang.htm
d. Bantula (Bukidnon)
Bamboo slit drum fashioned out of a

bamboo tube closed at both ends with
anode with a slit cut out of the tube.
Found among different groups of people,
its main use is to announce important
events.
Bantula. (n.d.). MIMO - Musical Instrument Museums Online. https://mimo-
international.com/MIMO/doc/IFD/SPK_BERLIN.DE_EM_OBJID_256873/bantula
91
e. Tagutok (Maranao)
It is a struck quill-shaped bamboo tubes

with notches etched on the tube.
KellyGraphix | Designing to simplify. (n.d.). KellyNugs Design

Studio. https://kellynugs.com/kelly-graphix/
2. AEROPHONES
Philippine bamboo aerophones include various types of flutes, pan-pipes, and reed pipes. The
most widespread and numerous are the flutes which are mostly end-blown with the air stream
directed into the open end of the tube.
a. Paldong (Kalinga)
The lip valley notch flute, so called

because of its mouthpiece which is
obliquely cut and curved at a slant to
follow the contour of the player’s lips, is
found in northern and southern
Philippines.
Paldong. (n.d.). Kipas

Gallery. https://www.kipas.nl/Instruments/Paldong.htm
b. Kaleleng (Bontoc)
Long bamboo tubes, closed at one end

by the node in which the blowing hole is
burnt. The flute has three finger holes.
The blowing hole is placed under an
Kalleleng. (n.d.). Kipas
angle against the nose and the player Gallery. https://www.kipas.nl/Instruments/Kalleleng.htm
gently blows into the tube.
c. Suling (Southern Philippines)
Sulings are made mainly of "tamiang"

bamboo (Schizostachyum blumei,
Nees), a long, thin-walled bamboo tube.
The mouthpiece of the suling is circled
with a thin band made of rattan near a Suling. (2004, May 30). Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
small hole. Retrieved December 21, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suling
92
d. Diwas/Saggeypo (Kalinga)
The diwas is a native bamboo wind

instrument in the Philippines which is a
variation of the well-known panflutes or
panpipes. It is made of bamboo with one
of its end closed via the node of the
bamboo. It also does not have finger
holes (or tone holes) which is unlike
popular aerophones like flutes that have
finger holes or tone holes to play
different pitches on the instrument.
Diwas. (2012, November 19). Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Retrieved December 21, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diwas
e. Tambuli (Tagalog)
A Tambuli s an indigenous tool made

out of a carabao horn, these are stringed
instruments that may be struck, plucked,
or bowed. It was used as an instrument
for the natives to come and attend
meetings called-for by their elders, listen Busy. (2018, December 22). Hamudyong.
to announcements from their chieftains https://hamudyong.wordpress.com/2018/12/10/busy/
or take part in making decisions for the

safety and well-being of the tribe or
community.
3. CHORDOPHONES
These are bamboo or wood stringed instruments that may be struck, plucked, or bowed. They
included zithers, lutes, and bowed strings.
Philippine zithers have resonating bodies that are made from bamboo tubes or half tubes
with strings that run parallel to the length of the tube. Tube zithers are found in northern Luzon,
Mindanao, and Palawan. They are of two types: polychordal zithers with several strings that run
around the tube, and parallel stringed zithers which have two strings on one side of the tube.
a. Kolitong
It is a bamboo polychordal tube zither

from Bontok, Kalinga, Philippines with
six strings that run parallel to its tube
body. The strings are numbered from
one to six, from lowest to highest pitch.
The body acts as the instrument's
resonator. The body may be a whole A Kolitong is a bamboo polychordal tube zither from Bontok, Kalinga,
tube or a half tube, in both cases the two Philippines with six strings that run parallel to its tube body. The strings are
numbered F…. (n.d.).
ends of the body are closed by the Pinterest. https://www.pinterest.es/pin/336221928421985012/
bamboo nodes
93
b. Kudlung (Bagobo)
Two stringed lute made of wood, one

string for the melody, one for the drone.
Eight frets are glued on the neck of the
lute. The body of the instrument is
carved with geometric patterns. The
Kudlung Bagobo. (n.d.). Kipas
neck and the head are adorned with Gallery. https://www.kipas.nl/Instruments/KudlungBg.htm
horse hair; the tail has two (originally
three) pieces of carabao skin; the strap
is adorned with bead work.
c. Kudyapi (Maguindanao)
The kutiyapi, or kudyapi, is a Philippine

two-stringed, fretted boat-lute. It is the
only stringed instrument among the
Palawano people, and one of several
Kudyapi | Philippine (Mindanao) | The Metropolitan Museum of Art. (n.d.). The
among other groups such as the Metropolitan Museum of
Maranao and Manobo. It is four to six Art. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/503373
feet long with nine frets made of
hardened beeswax. The instrument is
carved out of solid soft wood such as
that from the jackfruit tree.
d. Dwegey (Manobo, Bilaan)
The dwegey is a single-string bowed lute

played for recreation. A single string
made of metal is attached to a peg on
top of the neck and raise with a wooden
fret. The string of the bow is wiped over
a small mound of beeswax placed just
behind the neck to keep the string a little Dwegey (Tboli). (2020, March 22).
moist. MusiKoleksyon. https://museomusiko.wordpress.com/chordophones/two-
stringed-zithers/dwagey/
e. Bandurria
The Philippine harp bandurria is a 14-

string bandurria used in many Philippine
folkloric songs, with 16 frets and a
shorter neck than the 12-string
bandurria. [2] This instrument most likely
evolved in the Philippines during the
Spanish period, from 1521 to 1898. The
14 string Filipino Banduria. (2015, February 14). Circuits and
Filipino bandurria is used in an orchestra Strings. https://circuitsandstrings.wordpress.com/2015/02/16/14-string-
of plucked string instruments called filipino-banduria/
rondalla.
94
4. MEMBRANOPHONES
Single and double headed drums are found throughout the Philippines. They are variously
shaped–conical, cylindrical, goblet shaped, barrel shaped. Animal skins (snake, deer, or goat) is
used as head/heads of the drum. They may be beaten with sticks or by the palm portion of bare
hands. Drums are seldom used alone except to announce tidings over long distances. Usually
they are played with other instruments, particularly gongs, to form different kinds of ensembles
a. Sulibao (Bontok)
A sulibao is a conical tenor drum played

by the Bontoc and Ibaloi people of the
Philippines. It is played with the palms of
both hands. It usually appears as part of
an ensemble along with the kimbal,
pinsak, kalsa and palas. Sulibao is made
from a hollowed out log covered with
deer skin. Origin of solibao(Benguet). (2018, April 13). CORDILLERAN
CULTURE. https://inyamet00.wordpress.com/2018/04/13/origin-of-
solibaobenguet/
b. Ludag (Ifugao)
This small ceremonial drum is played in

conjunction with a gong during harvest
time under the rice granary in the Ifugao
region. Considered a membranophone
drum, it is played by beating the drum
head with sticks or by a person’s palms.
Musical instruments. (n.d.). About the

Collection. https://luzoncollection.weebly.com/musical-instruments.html
95
c. Dabakan (Maguindanao)
The dabakan is a single-headed
Philippine drum, primarily used as a
supportive instrument in the kulintang
ensemble. Among the five main
kulintang instruments, it is the only non-
gong element of the Maguindanao
ensemble.
Dabakan. (2006, February 26). Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Retrieved December 21, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dabakan
96
II. Techniques and Production in Contemporary Art

Technique differs in the various arts. An artist’s technique in one medium
will be quite different from the technique in another. The distinction between an art and craft may
be made on the basis of the technique used. For an artist, technique is not the end but the means,
while the craftsman, technique is the end. While both require technique, knowledge and
competence, creativity apparently comes into play in the work of the sculptor. Technique, thus, is
an important aspect that distinguishes an art from craft. Examine the different techniques and
styles of creation in painting, sculpture, architecture, and music.
A. Painting Techniques
Knowing some fundamental painting techniques and styles will help you immensely when
you're getting started on your artistic journey using paint. That means storing some knowledge of
tone, color, texture, brushwork and composition, as all this will help you to create your own
masterpieces with confidence.
Six Essential Painting Techniques

1. Underpainting is a first layer of paint applied to a
canvas or board and it functions as a base for other
layers of paint. It acts as a foundation for your painting
and is a great way to start your painting off with some
built in contrast and tonal values. It’s a technique that
was widely used by the old masters as a way to
develop a plan for future color placement and to
establish certain values and tones within a painting’s
color palette.
Underpainting: Why you need to do it. (2019, July 11). Jerry's Artarama
Online Art Blog. https://www.jerrysartarama.com/blog/underpainting-why- Underpainting: Why you need to do it. (2019, July 11). Jerry's
you-need-to-do-it/ Artarama Online Art
Blog. https://www.jerrysartarama.com/blog/underpainting-why-
you-need-to-do-it/
2. Blocking in refers to an initial painting process of
blocking in the general colors and shapes on your
canvas. This is a starting procedure used mostly for oil
painting. The purpose of blocking in is to lay down the
general composition and color harmony without having
to worry about the tedious details. You can really get a
feel for where the painting is going with this starting
procedure. Generally, very large brushes are used for
this and the paint is thinned.
Blocking in. (2020, September 28). Draw Paint
Academy. https://drawpaintacademy.com/blocking-in/ Technique tuesdays: Blocking in. (2019, July 9). Principle
Gallery. https://principlearttalk.com/2015/02/03/technique-
tuesdays-blocking-in/
97
3. Building up texture is to simply use more paint on

your brush than needed. When doing this the bristles
of the brush leave marks in the paint giving you
beautiful texture marks in the final artwork. The texture
you want, the rougher the brush you use, the more
height you want, the more paint you use.
Texture painting techniques & equipment. (2020, September 28). Online
Art Lessons. https://onlineartlessons.com/tutorial/texture-painting-
techniques-equipment/
Texture painting techniques & equipment. (2020, September 28).

Online Art Lessons. https://onlineartlessons.com/tutorial/texture-
painting-techniques-equipment/
4. Dry brushing painting is one of a number of
watercolour, oil and acrylic painting techniques that
focus on the viscosity of the medium at hand. In dry
brush, the artist uses a brush that is slightly damp and
paint that is thicker than normal.
Dry brush painting. (2018, June 4). Artists
Network. https://www.artistsnetwork.com/art-terms/dry-brush-painting/
Drybrush. (2006, August 16). Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Retrieved December 20, 2020,
from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drybrush
5. Sgraffito (Italian: “scratched”), in the visual arts, a
technique used in painting, pottery, and glass, which
consists of putting down a preliminary surface,
covering it with another, and then scratching the
superficial layer in such a way that the pattern or
shape that emerges is of the lower colour.
Sgraffito. (n.d.). Encyclopedia
Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/art/sgraffito
Sgraffito technique - Series Part 1 by faith dance art. (2020,

February 28). Jutta
Bluehberger. https://www.juttabluehberger.at/en/sgraffito-
series-part-1/
6. Glazing consists of applying a transparent layer of
paint over another thoroughly dried layer of opaque
paint, usually with a wide, soft-bristled brush.
Janson, J. (n.d.). Vermeer's painting technique: Glazing. Essential
Vermeer. https://www.essentialvermeer.com/technique/technique_glazing.
html
Glazing with oils, oil painting glaze art lesson. (n.d.). Art drawing
lessons online - learn how to draw sketch
paint. https://www.artgraphica.net/free-art-lessons/oil-
painting/glazing-in-oils.html
98
B. Scuplture Techniques
Sculptors primarily use four basic techniques. The processes are either subtractive
(material is removed or carved out) or additive (material is added).
Basic Sculpture Techniques
1. Carving is the act of using tools to shape

something from a material by scraping away
portions of that material. The technique can be
applied to any material that is solid enough to
hold a form even when pieces have been
removed from it, and yet soft enough for
portions to be scraped away with available
tools. Carving an eye. (2018, April 10). Woodcarving
Illustrated. https://woodcarvingillustrated.com/blog/2018/04/10/carv
ing-an-eye/
2. Assembling is a method of sculpting where

you use a variety of materials of any kind and
make a composition out of them. These
materials can be wood, paper, metal, and
objects. Assembled sculptures are always Jeremy mayer typewriter assemblage sculpture | Sculpture, sculpture
three dimensional. art projects, portrait sculpture. (n.d.).
3. Modelling is a process in sculpture where

material is built up to create a final form. The
sculpture uses their hands to manipulate the
material into what they want it to be. The most
common materials used for this are clay, wax,
and plaster. Molding. (n.d.). Sculpture: The
Methods. https://scultpuremethodsbyjessica.weebly.com/molding.ht
ml
4. Casting is a manufacturing process in

which a liquid material is usually poured into a
mold, which contains a hollow cavity of the
desired shape, and then allowed to solidify.
The solidified part is also known as a casting,
which is ejected or broken out of the mold to
Lost-wax process. (n.d.). Encyclopedia
complete the process. Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/technology/lost-wax-process
99
C. Architectural Techniques/Styles
An architectural style is characterized by the features that make a building or other

structure notable and historically identifiable. A style may include such elements as form,
method of construction, building materials, and regional character. Most architecture can be
classified as a chronology of styles which change over time reflecting changing fashions,
beliefs and religions, or the emergence of new ideas, technology, or materials which make
new styles possible.
Architectural Styles/Techniques
1. Postmodernism
It is characterized by eclecticism; a brash,

diverse, humorous and colourful architectural
style which emerged as a reaction to the
simple, restrained architecture of the modern
movement
Examples: Jollibee's newly re-opened Katipunan branch is its first level up joy
mall architecture, Metrobank branches in the store. (2019, November 18). Tech and Lifestyle
1990s, Jollibee branches Journal. https://techandlifestylejournal.com/jollibee-level-up-joy-
store/
2. Neovernacular
It reinterprets the “vernacular”- indigenous,

folk, tribal, ethnic, or traditional architecture;
uses modern materials and processed
indigenous materials
Example:
Limos, M. A. (2020, April 22). A peek inside the coconut palace, a
The works of Francisco “Bobby Mañosa such reminder of Imelda marcos' edifice complex.
as the Coconut Palace and the Shrine of Mary, Esquiremag.ph. https://www.esquiremag.ph/long-
Queen of Peace, Our Lady of Edsa reads/features/inside-the-famed-coconut-palace-a00293-20200422-
lfrm
3. High-tech
It uses advanced technology and displays this

technology in the structure; structures feature
shimmering facades of metallic surface
treatments, exposed steel appendages, glass
envelope, aluminium cladding
Mactan-Cebu airport: A new terminal, and strong international
Example: growth. (2018, August 17). CAPA - Centre for
Mactan-Cebu Airport Aviation. https://centreforaviation.com/analysis/reports/mactan-
cebu-airport-a-new-terminal-and-strong-international-growth-432701
100
4. Alternative Architecture
It uses recycled materials or alternative

materials of construction
Example:
The “Rio Dome”: a dome house made of earth
and a little bit of cement; “Earthbag
Construction System by Nader Khalili
Earthbag history in the making in Coron, Philippines. (2014, December
9). Natural Building
Blog. https://www.naturalbuildingblog.com/earthbag-history-making-
coron-philippines/
5. Deconstructivism
It is characterized by fragmentation and

disunity; structures look fragmented and
disjointed, with sections and walls colliding at
odd angles; interiors have unusual sense of
space
Example:
The School of Design and Arts of the College School of design and arts (SDA-Taft, Manila) | Interior design colleges,
of St. Benilde interior design school, inexpensive interior design. (n.d.).
6. Green Architecture
It aims to create structures that have a low

impact on the environment; uses new
technologies and natural materials
Example:
Zuellig Building
Zuellig building / SOM. (2012, October 25).

ArchDaily. https://www.archdaily.com/283839/zuellig-building-som
101
D. Music Genres
Popular Music in the Philippines
By Jonas Baes
Spanish and later American colonial regimes created a Philippine society whose Western social
institutions were modeled after their respective societal structures. While both Spanish and American
regimes gave their shares of social and cultural influences, it was the American regime that established
institutions that make up some of the present structure of modern Philippine society. The creation of such
institutions and the absorption of Philippines into the global political economy likewise created a need for
forms of leisure that was fit for such a society. This social condition gave rise to the development of
Philippine popular music into the forms that are known today.
Anglo-American popular music was widely heard in dance halls and cabarets, including vaudeville
shows at the early part of the twentieth century. The well-known musical genres at the time like
the cakewalk, the foxtrot and the ragtime—forerunners of what was to develop as Jazz—were played
by Filipino dance bands in cabarets. Vaudeville shows (bodabil) consists of a variety of acts that included
slapstick comedy routines and tap dance numbers aside from popular music. Filipino folk songs were
arranged into dance rhythms to suit the emerging American taste. With the introduction of radio, sheet
music, live entertainment and movie themes, popular music found its place in the mainstream of
Philippine society.
During the Japanese invasion in the Second World War, American forms of entertainment were
banned along with the suppression of American values. The Japanese branded American culture as
decadent while concealing its own agenda of economic and cultural expansionism. With this, a pro-
Filipino virtue was promoted side by side with a pro-Japanese virtue and songs were one important
medium to disseminate this value.
In the late 1940’s as the world was rebuilding itself after the turmoil of the 2 nd World War, American
forms of entertainment re-surfaced in the Philippines. American military presence, which demanded the
forms of rest and recreation, exposed the Filipinos to swing and continued the proliferation of popular
stage shows like the bodabil. Later, in the 1950’s, a popularized version of the samba was introduced.
This was followed by the emergence of the instrumental groups known as the cumbachero (a local
version of a Latin-American band), which became well-known in fiestas and other social gatherings.
In the 1950’s to the 1960’s, newer genres as rock and roll and country music appealed to a
younger generation of Filipino popular artists. Filipino counterparts of famous Western artists as Elvis
Presley, Jerry Vale, Buddy Holly, Chuck Berry, and the Beatles were heard over the radio and seen in
movies and on television.
While preference for foreign artists prevailed, local artists continued to strive for a distinct sound that
could be referred to as “Filipino”. Conscious efforts to develop that Filipino sound (Pinoy Sound) came
however in the 1970’s with the creation of Filipino rock music, dubbed as Pinoy Rock, Filipino Jazz
or Pinoy Jazz and Filipino pop ballad or the Manila Sound. Those initial efforts came to a significant
development in the late 70’s to the 80’s with the flourishing of various Filipino pop styles.
In the late 70’s, the Metro Manila Popular Music Festival (or Metro Pop), a song writing competition
for amateurs and professionals, became the buffer for the creation of new pop songs and the introduction
of emerging artists and performers. Other local competitions inspired even more artists and composers
to create more music. These include Likha Awit Pambata (a children’s song competition), the Himig
102
Awards, and the Cecil Awards. It was at about this period when the Organisasyon ng mga Pilipinong
Mang-aawit (OPM), was created to address the needs of Filipino popular artists. OPM also stood
for Original Pilipino Music a handle for music composed and/or performed by Filipinos, even with its
eventual use of English lyrics.
The effort to probe deeper into the search for a Filipino identity in popular music was attempted in the
late 1980’s and the early 90’s by a group of composers who banded together to
form KATHA (write/create). This effort gave rise to the move to create Brown Music, a kind of
counterpart to the African-American “Black Music”. The outputs of multi-awarded composer Ryan
Cayabyab to fuse indigenous musical elements with foreign pop idioms took off to enable non-
mainstream artists like Joey Ayala to surface in the commercial arena. As the decade of the 90’s
commenced, more and more alternative artists entered into the mainstream.
ELABORATE
Write a 250-400 word essay about medium and technique using the following guide
questions:
1. Why should artists devote attention to medium and technique in their art?
2. In what ways do the choice of medium and technique define the conduct of an art form or the
product? Provide examples.
3. Which media and technique are most prevalent and most utilized in your regional art? What is the
reason for this?
Criteria Score Mechanics

Focus and Details 10 pts.
Ideas are clear and are well Arial 11
supported by detailed and accurate
information. Spacing: 1.5
Organization 10 pts. 1” Margins

Information is relevant and
presented in a logical order. Short bond paper
Sentence Structure, Grammar, 10 pts.

Mechanics, & Spelling
All sentences are well constructed
and have varied structure and
length. The author makes no errors
in grammar, mechanics, and/or
spelling.
TOTAL 30 pts.
103
EVALUATE
PERFORMANCE TASK # 2 (CULMINATING TASK) 30 pts.
CREATIVE PAINTING or CREATIVE SCULPTURE

For your culminating task this semester you will need to demonstrate a very good
understanding of the creative process. You should choose between painting and
sculpture. You should take time and effort to do the best job possible with this
final performance task. Taking the initial effort to think ahead and plan out the
steps of your artwork will spare you many problems.
THE THEME
“The Year 2020”
THE SUBJECT
Develop an original idea for your painting/sculpture. You should start with an idea of what your
painting will be about. Once your idea is set, look for images that can help you plan the various parts of
your painting. For this assignment it is better to think in terms of a theme rather than a specific subject.
IMAGINING
This stage involves some brainstorming on your part to generate a list of possible ideas. Go
beyond your first thought to create a larger list of possible painting ideas. Try to think beyond just an
“image” and generate “ideas”.
PLANNING
For this stage of the project you need to create a list of all resources and materials that you will
need. Think carefully about how you will get images and what type of images you will need. You may
not simply reproduce a single image found on the internet - the images must have meaning to you and
others. One of the main purposes of art is to communicate something of importance. Determine what
you want to communicate and gather what you need to make that happen.
EXPLORING & PRELIMINARY WORK
Take this time to rethink your approach and refine your ideas before starting the final artwork.
FINAL WORK
With this part of your project you will create the final piece of art. Bring together all the
resources, sketches and rough work and follow through with your idea. This will determine your final
mark.
104
Specifications:
For Painting For Sculpture

Theme The Year 2020 The Year 2020
Medium Paintings must be created on Sculptures must consist of
physical media (no digital either recyclable, reused, and
paintings). Acceptable media reduced materials.
would include oil, watercolor, Width of the sculpture can be
pastel, acrylic, or mixed media no more than 8 1/2 x 11 inches.
Painting surface: Height should be in proportion
canvas/plywood/cardboard to width.
Size: minimum of 18”x 24”
Criteria Score
Interpretation and clarity of the theme to the 6 pts.
viewer
Creativity and originality of the depicted theme 6
Quality of artistic composition and overall 6

design based on the theme
Overall impression of the art. What is the 6
effect of the artwork in general and as a
whole?
Overall, does the artwork stand on its own as 6
a complete and outstanding work of art?
TOTAL 30 pts.
PERFORMANCE TASK # 3 (DOCUMENTATION) 30 pts.

For this performance task, write a process essay documenting the steps you have taken in the creation
of your art work. Include 10 pictures that document the beginning, middle, and final stages of your art
production. The statements below will be your guide in developing your 250-400 word essay about your
artwork.
1. State the title of your work(s).
2. State your artistic vision for your art work. Discuss the theme of your work.
3. a. List the materials you used.

b) Describe the steps taken technically to produce your artwork.
4. State and explain any expressive difficulties you encountered.
6. Discuss/show/indicate your inspirations/motivations for your artwork (this may be another artist’s
work or style, or simply something that gave you your ideas).
7. Discuss your level of satisfaction with your artwork.
105
Criteria Score Mechanics:
Focus and details 5 pts. Arial 11

Ideas are clear and are well
Spacing: 1.5
supported by detailed and accurate
information. 1” Margins
Short bond papers
Organization 5
(Photo documentation will be
Information is relevant and
on the second page.)
presented in a logical order.
Sentence Structure, Grammar, 5

Mechanics, & Spelling
All sentences are well constructed
and have varied structure and
length. The author makes no errors
in grammar, mechanics, and/or
spelling.
Photo Documentation 15
10 pictures that document the
beginning, middle, and final stages
of your art production
TOTAL 30 pts.
106
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from https://www.wikiwand.com/en/Bahay_na_bato
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international.com/MIMO/doc/IFD/SPK_BERLIN.DE_EM_OBJID_256873/bantula
Busy. (2018, December 22). Hamudyong. https://hamudyong.wordpress.com/2018/12/10/busy/
Cordillera's musical instruments. (2017, May 15). Wat-Wat. https://wat-

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zithers/dwagey/
Earthbag history in the making in Coron, Philippines. (2014, December 9). Natural Building
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Jollibee's newly re-opened Katipunan branch is its first level up joy store. (2019, November 18). Tech
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Jonathan de La Paz Zaens (bass-baritone) - Short biography. (n.d.). Bach Cantatas

Website. https://www.bach-cantatas.com/Bio/Zaens-Jonathan.htm
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graphix/
A Kolitong is a bamboo polychordal tube zither from Bontok, Kalinga, Philippines with six strings that
run parallel to its tube body. The strings are numbered F…. (n.d.).
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Limos, M. A. (2020, April 22). A peek inside the coconut palace, a reminder of Imelda marcos' edifice
complex. Esquiremag.ph. https://www.esquiremag.ph/long-reads/features/inside-the-famed-
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terminal-and-strong-international-growth-432701
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108
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Saint Louis University

LABORATORY HIGH SCHOOL – SENIOR HIGH

I. Course Title: Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions (CPAR)

II. Course Overview

B. Course Learning Outcomes

1. Research on various contemporary 7. Explicate the use of available

C. Module, Unit Topics, and Study Schedule

FIRST GRADING PERIOD

Unit 2 Features of Contemporary Art Weeks 2-3

Unit 3 Integrative Art Weeks 4-5

MODULE FILIPINO ARTISTS’ ROLES AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION

Unit 2 National Living Treasures Weeks 7-8

SECOND GRADING PERIOD

Unit 2 Key Elements to Consider Week 10

Unit 3 Making Art Week 11

MODULE LOCAL MATERIALS AND TECHNIQUES USED

III. Course Study Guide

Remember I am here to ensure that we go through the completion of this subject

Evaluation is a significant facet of learning. Without evaluation there is no learning. You

B. The Culminating Task

CREATIVE PAINTING or CREATIVE SCULPTURE

VI. Technological Tools

VII. Grading System

Written Works/Tasks 40%

VIII. Contact Information

Teacher Messenger Account

Wilamirah K. Atam Wila Mirah

Looking forward to a pleasant teaching - learning experience with you!

SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY

ACKNOWLEDGMENT AND PROMISSORY NOTE

I, __________________________ of Grade _____ Section _________________________,

Therefore, I promise in the presence of my parent/guardian that:

DR. ROMEO E. JAVIER

CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS AND PRACTICES

Unit 1 Traditional, Modern, and Contemporary Arts 2

Unit 2 Features of Contemporary Art 10

Unit 3 Integrative Art 21

Unit 1 National Artists of the Philippines 34

Unit 1 Elements of Art and Principles of Design 57

Unit 2 Key Elements to Consider in Understanding Art 66

Unit 3 Making Art 74

[Unit 2] Culminating Task 104

These are just common questions on how art

This module will allow you perceive what

REGIONS Values such as pride, empathy, and sensitivity to

1. find relevance in the term Humanities or what it means

2. discover different art forms that help you identify your

3. distinguish traditional, modern, and contemporary

4. appreciate the traditional, modern, and contemporary

5. relate what the significance of arts from the regions is

Look at a piece of art. Study it. Step back. Look at the

Module 1 now offers you the chance to be a good audience by exploring

TASK ON THE VIRTUAL GALLERY: Try to uncover the differences between

TRADITIONAL, MODERN, and CONTEMPORARY ARTS

 Started during Pre-colonial times and are passed

 Almost learned informally, and are usually produced

 Most common theme is animism with the intention of

 Also composed of rich songs and dances from

 After the 1960’s up to the present time or art

 FOCUS: on social impact, with society as the

CONTEMPORARY  Major works have broader spectrum of mediums,

 Not bounded by any rule or standard; rather it is

PHILIPPINE ART PERIOD TIMELINE

Age of Horticulture/ Neolithic period + Metal age+ Iron age

I, ________________________ of Grade _ Section _______________________,

NAME: _____________ DATE ACCOMPLISHED: