Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Pasacao National High School
Sta. Rosa Del Norte, Pasacao, Camarines Sur 4417

Detailed Lesson Plan in Mathematics

Geometric Construction: Bisectors, Perpendicular Lines and Parallel Lines
Feb. 28, 2024
CONTENT STANDARD
The learner demonstrates an understanding of key concepts of geometry of shapes and sizes,
and geometric relationships.
PERFORMANCE STANDARD
The learner is able to create models of plane figures and formulate and solve accurately
authentic problems involving sides and angles of polygon.
LEARNING COMPETENCY
Uses a compass and straightedge to bisect line segments and angles and construct
perpendicular and parallels (M7GE-IIId-e-1)
I. LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the lesson the students must be able to;
a.) identify the Euclidean tools.
b.) construct perpendiculars and parallels using a compass and straightedge to bisect line segments and
angles.
c.) apply the importance of basic geometric constructions in Architecture and Engineering.
II. Subject Matter

a. Topic: Basic Construction in Geometry.

b. References: Mathematics 7, Quarter 3 Module 4 Geometric Construction: Bisectors,
Perpendicular Lines and Parallel Lines.
• https://depedtambayan.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MATH7-Q3-
MODULE4.pdf
c. Instructional Materials: chalk, blackboard, manila paper and PPT,
d. Skills to Develop: analytical and critical thinking,
e. Values Integration: Cooperation, accuracy, innovation and attentiveness
f. Methodology: 4 A’s (Activity, Analysis, Abstraction, and Application)
g. Time frame: 60 minutes (1 hour)

h. Concepts:
Construction is a geometric drawing that uses a limited set of tools, usually a compass and
straightedge.
Straightedge is (a ruler without marks) used to guide for the pencil when drawing straight
lines.
Compass is a geometric tool used to draw circles and parts of a circle called arcs.
Bisector- a line that divides something into two equal parts.
Perpendicular Lines are two lines that intersect to form right angles. The symbol ┴ is read
as “is perpendicular to”
Perpendicular Bisector of segment is a line, segment, or a ray that is perpendicular to the
given segment at its midpoint, thereby bisecting the segment into two congruent segments.
Angle Bisector is a ray that divides an angle into two congruent coplanar angles.
III. Procedure
Time Teaching Teacher’s Activity Learner’s Activity
Hints
5 A. Preliminary
mins Activity
.
a. Greetings
Good afternoon everyone, how are you
today? We are fine Ma’am

Good to hear that class!

Before we start to our lesson, please (Student pray)

b. Prayer stand up for the prayer.

Okay Ms. please lead the prayer.

c. Checking Before you take your sits, please (The students will arrange their
of arrange your chairs properly and pick chairs and pick up the trash)
cleanliness up the trash under your chair.
and
orderliness
of the
classroom.
Class beadle, please check the (The class beadle will check the
d. Checking attendance, thank you. attendance)
of
attendance
Please pass your assignment. Yes, ma’am

e. Checking
of
assignment Now let’s do a recap of what we
s discussed last meeting.
Yesterday, we are done discussing the
parallel lines cut by a transversal,
again wat is the different angle formed The corresponding angles,
f. Recall when parallel lines cut by a alternate interior angles, alternate
transversal? exterior angles, same side interior
angles and same side exterior
Okay Very good. it seems that you are angles.
now ready for our next discussion. But
before we proceed to our new
discussion. Let’s have first a short
activity entitled “Let’s locate!”

I will flash a given picture and you will Yes, ma’am

locate or determine the figure whether
these are line segment, angles, parallel
lines or a perpendicular line.
Is that clear?
Okay, very good.
Now lets us start.
5 g. Motivati Expected answer:
mins on 1. LINE SEGMENT
2. PARALLEL LINES
3. ANGLE
4. PERPENDICULAR LINES

1. MENTSEG ILNE

2
 LLELPARA ILNE

3.
LAENG

4.
REPNEPIDCULAR ILNES
5 Base from our activity. Let use try to Construction workers use a range of
mins B. Lesson answer these questions. tools and equipment to build houses
Proper or buildings, including hand tools like
1. what do construction workers use to
build a house? hammers and screwdrivers, power
tools such as drills and saws, heavy
Okay very good they use that equipment equipment.
to build house.
2. who designs the structure of the house?
Architects, the foreman,
engineers,
Very good, it can be the architect, the
engineers, foreman.

What does architect use in order to make a They use line, points, planes
design of a house?

Okay very good. Can someone draw a

house on the board?
Did you know that in architecture the 4
components of architecture and design are
the points, lines, plane and volumes?
Therefore, without the one of them.
Architectures cannot create a draft/design
a house.
Presenting of an example

Alright, so base on this activity what do

you think for topic for today? I think it is about something that is
relating in building or creating a
house design which connect to
the line segment, angles, parallel
Precisely! Our topic for today is lines.
a. something to about line segment,
Presentation of parallel line, angle and perpendicular
topic lines which is all about “Basic
Construction in Geometry”

b. OBJECTIVES:
Presentation of Here are the following learning
the objectives outcomes that we need to attain after At the end of the lesson the
this class. student must be able to;
a.) identify the Euclidean tools.
b.) construct perpendiculars and
parallels using a compass and
straightedge to bisect line segments
and angles.
c.) apply the importance of basic
geometric constructions in
Architecture and Engineering.
15 C. Activity To attain those objectives, let’s have
mins an activity entitled “Sketch, Draw, and
Construct” .
These our objectives in this activity
By the end of this activity, students
must be able to;
a.) identify the Euclidean tools.
b.) construct perpendiculars and
parallels using a compass and straightedge
to bisect line segments and angles.
Here are the instructions of this activity.
1. Students will be divided into 3
groups.
2. All groups must have a
representative (to get the materials)
a leader (to lead the group and a
presenter (to present their work).
3. Each group will be given 5 mins to
do to the task and 3 mins to
present their work.
In this activity let us be guided by our
following criteria.

This activity has a 3 station, therefore

the directio of this activity
1. each group will provide a
representative for each station to
illustrate the given task on the board.
2. once the 3 station are all done, the
presenter will present or answers the
guided question.
Station1:
Is that clear? Sketch an angle with 2 equal sides.
now proceed to your usual groupings. Do not use any geometry tools. Do a
freehand sketch.
Quided question:
1. base on the activity, what do think is Station 2:
the euclidean tool? Draw an angle with 2 equal sides.
2. what is the dirrences of sketch, draw Use geometry tools such as
and construct.
protractor and ruler to ensure that
the measurements are accurate.

Station 3:
Construct a angle with 2 equal sides
using a compass and straightedge.
Do not use a protractor or ruler.

(Student paste their works)

(Presenter present their works)

(Each presenter will present their

answer)

Excellent class! Let’s give a round of

applause for everyone.
15 D. Analysis How did you find the activity? Is it hard
mins and or easy? Easy ma’am
Abstraction Alright, what did you observe in
sketching, drawing and constructing? In sketching ma’am, we use only use
hands and the chalk to illustrate the
Very good in sketching you only using triangle.
your bare hands and your pencil, pen
or any such as chalk to sketch the
illustration.
We now use ruler and protractor in
How about drawing?
order to make side of an angle is
congruent.

Okay very good, in sketching you only

estimating, while in drawing you use a
protractor to measure and make sure it
is congruent side. Okay very good.
What about constructing, what do you
mean by construct.
Base on this activity I think it’s about
not using any measure, where we
only use ruler to make sure that it is
a straight line where we focus on
using the compass.

Okay very good in construction is to

draw shapes, angles or lines
accurately. These constructions use
only compass, straightedge (a ruler,
but not using the numbers) and a
pencil. It is compass and straightedge.

Now can you guess what are

Euclidean tools?
Why do you think compass and
straightedge known as Euclidean
tools?
Because it easy to construct a line
accurately without any using
measurement only compass and
straightedge.

That is also correct, to further

explanation about why it is known as
Euclidean tools,
Compass and straightedge are termed
Euclidean tools because they are
fundamental to Euclidean geometry,
these tools allowing the construction of
geometric figures, adhere to Euclidean
postulates, including the "postulate of
construction." Despite advances in
mathematics, compass and
straightedge maintain historical
importance and are used in education Yes ma’am
for teaching geometric concepts.
You can construct line, shape and
angle accurately even the absence of
ruler, protractor just to measure and
make sure that the measurement is
accurate.
Is that clear?

Now let’s try to construct using a

compass and straightedge in line
segment.
Task1: Construct a line segment AD
that is congruent to XY.
Using these steps.
Step 1: Using a straightedge, draw a
line s on the line, choose a point and
name its A.
Step 2: Adjust the compass such that
the tips of its needle and pencil are on
points X and Y.
Step 3: Without changing the setting of
the compass, place the tip of the
needle on point A and draw an arc
which intersects lines. Name the point
of intersection as D. Now, you have XY
AD.
Who wants to try?

Okay very good, now let’s try in

dividing the Line Segment into Two
Congruent Segment (perpendicular
bisector).
In your own idea, what is perpendicular
bisector?
Based on this picture
I think it is a line that divide in half or
two equal parts
Is when a line divide it into two equal
parts than is congruent right angle.

Okay very good, when we say

perpendicular it is a line that divides
into two equal parts. When we say
bisect it means a line that cut or divide
in half or equal parts.

Now your task is;

Task 2: Construct the bisector of LN.
Step 1: Construct any line segment LN.

Step 2: Set the compass such that the

opening is slightly more than half of
the length of LN. Then, with the tip of
the needle on point L, draw an arc that
intersects LN. The arc should be big
enough so that when Step 3 is done
there will be two intersecting arcs.
Step 3: Without changing the compass
setting, place the tip of the needle on
point N and draw another arc
intersecting the first arc.
Step 4: Connect the points of
intersections of the two arcs using the
straightedge. Name this OP. Note that
OP is the perpendicular bisector of LN.
Step 5: Name the point of intersection
of LN and RS as Q. Point Q now divides
LN into two congruent segments LQ
and QN. Point Q is the bisector or
midpoint of LN.
(Providing another sample)
Okay very good, do you
Yes ma’am
understand class?
None, ma’am
any questions? Any clarification?
Okay that the end of our discussion
for today
 5
mins
Now based on our discussion who can In this discussion we discuss
Generalizatio summarize our lesson for today? about basic geometric
n constructions using the Euclidean
tool such as the straight edge and
the compass.

What else? We can also construct an

illustration accurately using a
compass and straightedge only.

What do we mean by perpendicular

bisector? It is a line that divide into two
congruent parts that measures 90
degrees or form a right angle.

Okay very good it seems that you truly

E. Application understand our topic., now what is the
importance in studying basic geometric
construction?
Yes, very good not just in building but
also in dams, rivers, roads and
temples. What else?
Just like in your pervious activity
ma’am it is important in creating
or designing a house, without a
studying them, I guess our home
will not be strong and stable.
In furniture

Alright very good.

Do you understand class?

Any question Yes, ma’am
Alright if you don’t have any question, None, ma’am
Get ½ crosswise let’s have a quiz.

IV. Evaluation. (5 mins)

A. Identification
1-2. Euclidean tools
B. Lets construct
Uses a compass and straightedge bisect line segments by following these steps.

Task 2: Construct the bisector of LN. Step 1: Construct any line segment LN.
Step 2: Set the compass such that the opening is slightly more than half of the length of LN. Then, with
the tip of the needle on point L, draw an arc that intersects LN. The arc should be big enough so that
when Step 3 is done there will be two intersecting arcs.
Step 3: Without changing the compass setting, place the tip of the needle on point N and draw another
arc intersecting the first arc.
Step 4: Connect the points of intersections of the two arcs using the straightedge. Name this OP. Note
that OP is the perpendicular bisector of LN.
Step 5: Name the point of intersection of LN and RS as Q. Point Q now divides LN into two congruent
segments LQ and QN. Point Q is the bisector or midpoint of LN.

V. Assignment.
1. In your own word write a reflection of what you have learned.

2. study the Solving Routine and Non-Routine Problems Involving Percentage

Reference
: https://depedtambayan.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/MATH5-Q3-MODULE5.pdf

Prepare by
Resa Mae Dacian
Pre- service Teacher
Major in MathematicS