MERE ACADEMY, INC

# 50 Pag – asa Street, Brgy. Katuparan, Taguig City

Mathematics/Statistics: 4th Quarter - Lesson 1

TOPIC: Measure of Central Tendency: Ungrouped Data

LEARNING OUTCOMES:

At the end of the lesson the student will be able to:

1. Differentiate among the mean, the median, and the mode of data
2. Apply the measure of central tendency in real life situation
3. Determine the mean, median, and mode of ungrouped data
LESSON PROPER:

MEASURE OF CENTRAL TENDENCY OF UNGROUPED DATA:

Ungrouped or Raw Data are those data which are not yet organized or
arranged into frequency distribution.

Most Commonly Used Measure of Central Location are the:

MEAN - the sum of the data divided by the number of elements in the set of data

Examples:

1.) Mean ( x ) = (4 + 7 + 0 + 7 + 11 + 4 + 1 + 15 + 3 + 5 + 8 + 7) / 12 = 72 / 12 = 6
2.) The reaction times for a random sample of 9 subjects to a stimulant were recorded
as: (2.5 + 3.6 + 3.1 + 4.3 + 2.9 + 2.3 + 2.6 + 4.1 + 3.4) / 9 = 28.8 / 9 = 3.2

3.) The average IQ of 10 students in a mathematics course is 114. If 9 of the subjects

have IQ’s of 101, 125, 128, 106, 115, 99, 118 and 109, what must be the other IQ?

Solution: 101 + 125 + 128 + 106 + 115 + 99 + 118 + 109 + x (unknown)

1,019+ x
= = 114 1,019 + x = 114 (10) 1,019 + x = 1140 x = 1,140 – 1019 = 121
10
4.) The employee of a local manufacturing plant pledged the following donations in dollars.
Fund: 10, 40, 25, 5, 20, 10, 25, 50, 30, 10, 5, 15, 25, 50, 10, 30, 5, 25, 45, 15

Solution: 10 + 40 + 25 + 5 + 20 + 10 + 25 + 50 + 30 + 10 + 5 + 15 + 25 + 50 + 10 + 30 + 5 +
25 + 45+ 15 = 450 / 20 = 22.50

MEDIAN – the midpoint of the distribution

- Having an even number, the median is the average of the two middle most
values
- Having odd number, it is the middle most value
- It is denoted by Me

Positional Average, the median is the most appropriate locator or center since it has
resistance to extreme values. where:
n = number of items
Formula: Mean the
n+1
2 ( )
th item in an array 1 & 2 = constant values

Examples:
 1. 820, 920, 745, 680, 855, 785, 835, 732, 890, 695, 830

Solution: Step 1: Arrange it accordingly either ascending or descending order

In data array 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Weekly wages 680 695 732 745 785 820 830 835 855 890 920

Step 2: Find the position value

( n+12 ) = ( 11+1
2 ) = ( ) = 6 (6
12
2
th
position)

Step 3: Locate the value of 6th position = 820 Median (Me)

2. Worker participation in management is a new concept that involves employees in

corporate decision making. The following data are the percentages of employees
involved in worker participation programs in a sample of 12 firms:
32 , 33 , 35 , 42 , 43 , 42 , 45 , 46 , 44 , 47 , 48 , 48

Solution: Step 1: Arrange it accordingly either ascending or descending order

In data array 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Weekly wages 32 33 35 42 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 48

Step 2: Find the position value

( n+12 ) = ( 12+1
2 ) = ( ) = 6.5 (between 6
13
2
th
and 7th position)

Step 3: Locate the value of 6th & 7th position then divide by 2

43+ 44 87
= = = 43.50 Median (Me)
2 2
MODE

- The value that appears most often

- The value that corresponds to the highest point in the frequency polygon and can
be found by mere inspection
- It is denoted by Mo

Type of Mode:

Unimodal = only one mode

Bimodal = two modes
Multi-modal = more than two modes

Examples:

1. Determine the mode of the following distribution.

4,7,6,7,5,8
Mo = 7 (value that appear most often)
= Unimodal

2. Find the mode of the following:

40 , 29 , 28 , 40 , 35 , 41 , 26 , 29 , 28 , 40 , 45 , 37 , 29 , 26

( 26 = 2 ; 28 = 2 ; 29 = 3 ; 35 = 1 ; 37 = 1 ; 40 = 3 ; 41 = 1 ; 45 = 1)
Mo = 29 and 40 (value that appears most often)
= Bimodal