QUARTER 3

LESSON 3: Properties of a Parallelogram

Learning Competency:
The learner uses properties to find measures of angles, sides and other quantities involving
parallelograms. M9GEIIIb-1

Properties of a Parallelogram:
1) In a parallelogram, any two opposite sides are congruent.
2) In a parallelogram, any two opposite angles are congruent.
3) In a parallelogram, any two consecutive angles are supplementary.
4) The diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other.
5) A diagonal of a parallelogram forms two congruent triangles.

h 14 cm o
Illustrative Examples: 105º 3
1) Given HOME, what are the measures of a, 2 and 3?
2
e a m
• Find a.
Steps Solution
Step 1: Use Parallelogram Property 1 that says any two opposite sides 𝑯𝑶 ≅ 𝑬𝑴
are congruent. 𝑬𝑴 = 𝒂
Step 2: Write an equation by substitution. 𝑯𝑶 = 𝒂
Step 3: Substitute the value of HO to get the value of a. 𝑯𝑶 = 𝒂
𝟏𝟒 𝒄𝒎 = 𝒂

• Find m 2.
Steps Solution
Step 1: Use Parallelogram Property 2 that says any two 𝑯≅ 𝑴
opposite angles are congruent. 𝑴= 𝟐
Step 2: Write an equation by substitution. 𝒎 𝑯=𝒎 𝟐
Step 3: Substitute the value of H to get the value of 2. 𝒎 𝑯=𝒎 𝟐
𝟏𝟎𝟓° = 𝒎 𝟐

• Find m 3.
Steps Solution
Step 1: Use Parallelogram Property 3 that says any two 𝒎 𝑯+𝒎 𝑶 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎°
consecutive angles are supplementary. 𝒎 𝑯 + 𝒎 𝟑 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎°
Step 2: Write an equation by “Addition Property of 𝒎 𝟑 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎° − 𝒎 𝑯
Equality’.
Step 3: Substitute the value of H and subtract it from 𝒎 𝟑 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎° − 𝒎 𝑯
180º to get the value of 3. 𝒎 𝟑 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎° − 𝟏𝟎𝟓°
𝒎 𝟑 = 𝟕𝟓°
F A
2) Given FAST, what are the measures of AO, OS,
and diagonals FS & AT?
o
T S
 • Find AO.
Steps Solution
Step 1: Use Parallelogram Property 4 that the diagonals of a 𝑶𝑻 ≅ 𝑨𝑶
parallelogram bisect each other.
Step 2: Substitute the value of OT to get the value of AO. 𝑶𝑻 = 𝑨𝑶
𝟒 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒔 = 𝑨𝑶

• Find OS.
Steps Solution
Step 1: Use Parallelogram Property 4 that the diagonals of a 𝑭𝑶 = 𝑶𝑺
parallelogram bisect each other.
Step 2: Substitute the value of FO to get the value of OS. 𝑭𝑶 ≅ 𝑶𝑺
𝟑. 𝟖 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒔 = 𝑶𝑺

• Find FS and AT.

Steps Solution
Step 1: Use Parallelogram Property 4 that the 𝑭𝑺 = 𝑭𝑶 + 𝑶𝑺
diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other. 𝑨𝑻 = 𝑨𝑶 + 𝑶𝑻
Step 2: Substitute the value of FO & OS to get the 𝑭𝑺 = 𝑭𝑶 + 𝑶𝑺 → 𝑭𝑺 = 𝟑. 𝟖 + 𝟑. 𝟖
value of FS and the value of AO & OT to get the 𝑭𝑺 = 𝟕. 𝟔 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒔
value of AT.
𝑨𝑻 = 𝑨𝑶 + 𝑶𝑻 → 𝑨𝑻 = 𝟒 + 𝟒
𝑨𝑻 = 𝟖 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒔
B 5x+19 C
(6y+5)º
3) Given ABCD, find the measures of BC, m B.
(8y-17)º
A 7x D
• Find BC.
Steps Solution
Step 1: Use Parallelogram Property 1 that says any two 𝑨𝑫 ≅ 𝑩𝑪
opposite sides are congruent.
Step 2: Write an equation by substitution. 𝑨𝑫 = 𝑩𝑪
𝟕𝒙 = 𝟓𝒙 + 𝟏𝟗
Step 3: Solve for x. 𝟕𝒙 − 𝟓𝒙 = 𝟓𝒙 + 𝟏𝟗 − 𝟓𝒙
𝟐𝒙 = 𝟏𝟗
𝒙 = 𝟗. 𝟓
Step 4: Substitute the value of x to get the value of BC. 𝑩𝑪 = 𝟓𝒙 + 𝟏𝟗
𝑩𝑪 = 𝟓(𝟗. 𝟓) + 𝟏𝟗
𝑩𝑪 = 𝟒𝟕. 𝟓 + 𝟏𝟗
𝑩𝑪 = 𝟔𝟔. 𝟓

• Find m B.
Steps Solution
Step 1: Use Parallelogram Property 2 that says 𝑩≅ 𝑫
any two opposite angles are congruent.
Step 2: Write an equation by substitution. 𝑩= 𝑫
𝟔𝒚 + 𝟓 = 𝟖𝒚 − 𝟏𝟕
Step 3: Solve for y. 𝟔𝒚 + 𝟓 = 𝟖𝒚 − 𝟏𝟕
𝟔𝒚 + 𝟓 − 𝟖𝒚 = 𝟖𝒚 − 𝟏𝟕 − 𝟖𝒚
−𝟐𝒚 + 𝟓 = −𝟏𝟕
−𝟐𝒚 + 𝟓 − 𝟓 = −𝟏𝟕 − 𝟓
−𝟐𝒚 = −𝟐𝟐
𝒚 = 𝟏𝟏
Step 3: Substitute the value y to get the value of 𝒎 𝑩 = (𝟔𝒚 + 𝟓)°
B. 𝒎 𝑩 = [𝟔(𝟏𝟏) + 𝟓]°
𝒎 𝑩 = (𝟔𝟔 + 𝟓)°
𝒎 𝑩 = 𝟕𝟏°

4) Given FAST, find the measure of FS.

• Find FS.
Steps Solution
Step 1: Use Parallelogram Property 4 that says diagonals 𝑭𝑹 ≅ 𝑹𝑺
of a parallelogram bisect each other.
Step 2: Write an equation by substitution. 𝑭𝑹 = 𝑹𝑺
𝟑𝒙 − 𝟏 = 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟕
Step 3: Solve for x. 𝟑𝒙 − 𝟏 = 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟕
𝟑𝒙 − 𝟏 − 𝟐𝒙 = 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟕 − 𝟐𝒙
𝒙−𝟏=𝟕
𝒙−𝟏+𝟏=𝟕+𝟏
𝒙=𝟖
Step 4: Substitute the value of x to get the value of FR. 𝑭𝑹 = 𝟑𝒙 − 𝟏
𝑭𝑹 = 𝟑(𝟖) − 𝟏
𝑭𝑹 = 𝟐𝟒 − 𝟏
𝑭𝑹 = 𝟐𝟑
Step 5: Add the value of FR and RS to get the value of FS. 𝑭𝑹 = 𝟐𝟑, ∴ 𝑹𝑺 = 𝟐𝟑
𝑭𝑺 = 𝑭𝑹 + 𝑹𝑺
𝑭𝑺 = 𝟐𝟑 + 𝟐𝟑
𝑭𝑺 = 𝟒𝟔