Junior High School

Grade 9

English 9

ENGLISH LEARNING KIT

First Quarter

Modals of Permission,
Obligation, and Prohibition

Grade 9-English
Competency:
Grade 9-English Express permission, obligation, and prohibition using modals
(EN9G-Ile-20)
Competency: Express permission, obligation, and prohibition using modals
(EN9G-Ile-20)
 English – Grade 9
English Learning Kit
Modals of Permission, Obligation, and Prohibition
First Edition, 2020

Published in the Philippines

By the Department of Education
Schools Division of Iloilo
Luna Street, La Paz, Iloilo City

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such
work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition
the payment of royalties.

This English Learning Kit is published to be utilized by the Schools Division

of Iloilo.

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this learning resource may be

reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical
without written permission from the Schools Division of Iloilo.

Development Team of English Learning Kit

Writers: Ma. Denia B. Avance, Rosalie J. Lupera, Leopoldo P. Quinon Jr.

Illustrators: Armand Glenn S. Lapor, Dreime E. Decreto, Mark T. Dasa

Layout Artists: Lilibeth E. Larupay, Armand Glenn S. Lapor, Jun Victor F. Bactan,
Ricky T. Salabe

Division Quality Assurance Team: Lilibeth E. Larupay, Dr. Ruby Therese P. Almencion
Armand Glenn S. Lapor, Agustin T. Estoque

Management Team: Dr. Roel F. Bermejo, Dr. Nordy D. Siason Jr.

Dr. Lilibeth T. Estoque, Dr. Azucena T. Falales
Ruben S. Libutaque, Lilibeth E. Larupay
Dr. Ruby Therese P. Almencion

Grade 9-English
Competency: Express permission, obligation, and prohibition using modals
(EN9G-Ile-20)
 Introductory Message
Welcome to Grade 9 English!

The English Learning Kit is a product of the collaborative efforts of the Division
of Iloilo Secondary English Teachers Association (DISETA) and the Division English
Coordinators Association (DECA) writers, illustrators, layout artists, reviewers, editors,
and Quality Assurance Team from the Department of Education, Schools Division of
Iloilo. This is developed to guide you dear learning facilitators in helping our learners
meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum.

The English Learning Kit aims to guide our learners in accomplishing activities
at their own pace and time. This also aims to assist learners in developing and
achieving the lifelong learning skills while considering their needs and situations.

For learning facilitator:

The English Learning Kit is developed to address the current needs

of the learner to continue learning in the comforts of their homes or learning centers.
As the learning facilitator, make sure that you give them clear instructions on how to
study and accomplish the given activities in the material. Learner’s progress must be
monitored.

For the learner:

The English Learning Kit is developed to help you, dear learner, in your
needs to continue learning even if you are not in school. This learning material aims
to primarily provide you with meaningful and engaging activities for independent
learning. Being an active learner, carefully read and understand to follow the
instructions given.

Grade 9-English
Competency: Express permission, obligation, and prohibition using modals
(EN9G-Ile-20)
 Modals of Permission, Obligation, and Prohibition

BEGIN

Language, literature and

grammar help us expand our horizons
by opening our eyes and minds to
different intuitions. One aspect of
grammar are modals. Modals are
important because they show a
certain mood.
Do you know some modal
verbs used to express functions such
as permission, ability, obligation,
prohibition, lack of necessity, advice,
possibility, and probability?
This module will present
expressions of permission, obligation,
and prohibition using modals. Have a
meaningful journey learning!

TARGET

At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

1. know what is modal;

2. differentiate the use of modals (permission, obligation, and prohibition); and
3. use modals appropriately.

Grade 9-English 1
Competency: Express permission, obligation, and prohibition using modals
(EN9G-Ile-20)
 TRY THIS

ACTIVITY 1: MODALS SPOTTED

Direction: Complete each sentence below with a modal verb from the word bank.
Write the modal in your notebook.
might may could not must should
can ought to might will could not

1. You __________ learn how to listen for your own good.

2. I __________ find my cell phone anywhere.
3. We __________ work on this module or else we will be in trouble.
4. He __________ shoot the basketball at the rim.
5. __________you let me know the time?
6. They __________ not be trustworthy enough.
7. __________you please help me with this lesson?
8. We __________ prepare for the final exam.
9. I didn’t feel very well yesterday. I __________ eat anything.
10. I was using my pencil a minute ago. It __________ be here somewhere!

DO THIS

ACTIVITY 2: CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the following modals. Write your
answers in your notebook.

can could not can’t must not need to

should should not may must don’t have to
have to
1. If you are sick, you ____________ go to work. You’ll infect everyone there.
2. Drivers ___________ stop at red lights.
3. You ___________ finish the proposal as soon as possible.
4. She __________ hear much better with her new hearing aids.
5. __________ I order us some snacks?
6. Sam __________ pick his daughter up from school. She is taking the bus home.
7. You _________________ smoke here. It’s a smoke-free building.
8. You ____________ eat so many sweets. They are bad for you.
9. _____________ you mind walking a little faster? We’re going to be late.
10. I’m sorry. I ___________ help you. I don’t know how to do it.
Grade 9-English 2
Competency: Express permission, obligation, and prohibition using modals
(EN9G-Ile-20)
 EXPLORE
E
Great! You did a wonderful job! Now, let’s
explore the lesson as we accomplish the
next activities.

ACTIVITY 3: GET SOME DRILLS

Directions: Complete the sentence by filling in the correct modals. Write your answers
in your notebook.

can could be able to

1. _______ Vicente run long distances when he was a boy?

2. ______ you please call a tow truck for me? My car broke down.
3. The students _______ join the meeting tomorrow through internet.
4. ______ you teach me how to fix my computer? You are so good at it.
5. Will you ______ reach the customer if you call him at 4:00 pm?

may might

6. They ______ not finish the project on time. The main engineer is ill.
7. You _____ want to stop by the museum gift shop on your way out.
8. _____ I have your autograph?
9. He _______ visit the Damires Hills, too. He’s in the town anyway.
10. You ______ not park your car here. It’s reserved for guests of the hotel only.

shall should ought

11. You _____ get your teeth cleaned at least once a year.
12. The house ______ be ready to move into by next month. It’s almost finished.
13. Mang Juan ________ to improve his attitude. If he doesn’t, he might get fired.
14. ________ I get your jacket? It’s cold in here.
15. You ________ put your feet on the table. It’s impolite.

Grade 9-English 3
Competency: Express permission, obligation, and prohibition using modals
(EN9G-Ile-20)
 Directions: Complete the sentence by filling in the correct modals. Choose your
answers inside the parenthesis. Write your answers in your notebook.
1. You ______ tell Maria about the party tomorrow night. It’s a surprise!
(must not, need to, doesn’t have to)

2. Tina _______ register for her classes on Monday, otherwise she won’t get a
slot in them. (doesn’t have to, mustn’t, has to)

3. You ________ send that e-mail. I’ve already sent it.

(must, will have to, don’t have to)

4. A dog ______ get special training in order to be a guide dog.

(must, need to, don’t have to)

5. Pablo _______ get up early tomorrow. His class was cancelled due to bad weather.
(mustn’t, doesn’t have to, don’t need to)

Questions:

1. What is a modal?
2. What are the different types of modal?
3. Why is it important to learn modals and its different types?

KEEP THIS IN MIND

Well done! You have successfully made a

meaningful connection with our lesson after
answering the previous activities.

WHAT IS A MODAL?

A modal is a verb that combines with another verb to indicate mood or tense. A
modal, also known as a modal auxiliary or modal verb, expresses necessity,
uncertainty, possibility, or permission.1

1Nordquist, Richard. “Modal Verbs in English”. Thought Co. Accessed July 19, 2020.
https://www.thoughtco.com/modal-auxiliary-term-
1691397#:~:text=Updated%20December%2012%2C%202019,uncertainty%2C%20possibility%2C%20or%20per
mission

Grade 9-English 4
Competency: Express permission, obligation, and prohibition using modals
(EN9G-Ile-20)
 The following are three types of modals according to use:

1. Permission
It is important to note that companies, foundations and institutions always
require a concept paper be submitted for review prior to the submission of a full
proposal because it saves the funding agency time by eliminating proposals which are
not likely funded. Thus, applicants must develop a concept paper which can easily
capture the interest of the funding agency and demonstrate that the idea they are
proposing is worthy of further consideration.
We can use verbs such as 'can', 'could' and 'may' to ask for and give
permission. We also use modal verbs to say something is not allowed.2

Examples: Could I leave early today, please?

Can we swim in the river later?
You may not use the car tonight.

2. Prohibition
'Can't' and 'mustn't' (must not) are used to show that something is prohibited (not
allowed) 'Can't' usually gives the idea of something that is against the rules. Mustn’t
usually means that it is the speaker who is setting the rule.

Examples: You can't go into that restaurant without a tie.

You can't drive in this country unless you are over eighteen.
You mustn't use your phone in class.

3. Obligation
'Have to' and 'must' are both used to express obligation. There is a slight difference
in the way that they are both used. 'Have to' shows that the obligation comes from
someone else, not the speaker. This is usually referring to a rule or law. 3
Examples: We have to be at the airport at least two hours before the flight.
I must work to provide the needs of my family.
They have to wear their school uniforms.

2 VOA Leaning English. “Can I, Could I, May I?”. EverydaY Grammar. Accessed July 19, 2020.
https://learningenglish.voanews.com/a/everyday-grammar-modals-permission-can-may/2877141.html
3 EC Language Center. “Modal Verbs 1: Permission, Prohibition, Obligation, No obligation”. EC English.com.

Accessed July 19, 2020. https://www.ecenglish.com/learnenglish/lessons/modal-verbs-1-permission-prohibition-

obligation-no-obligation

Grade 9-English 5
Competency: Express permission, obligation, and prohibition using modals
(EN9G-Ile-20)
 SUM UP

Modals (also called modal verbs,

modal auxiliary verbs, modal auxiliaries) are
special verbs which behave irregularly in
English. They are different from normal
verbs like "work, play, visit..." They give
additional information about the function of
the main verb that follows it. They have a
great variety of communicative functions.

APPLY WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED

ACTIVITY 4: MODALS IN DIALOGUE

Directions: Construct a dialogue using the correct modals of permission, prohibition,

and obligation. Write it in your notebook.
Rubrics

Component Beginning Developing Accomplished Exemplary

(2 points) (3 points) (4 points) (5 points)
Correctness Uses incorrect Some of the Most of the part Uses correct
modals. part uses uses modals. modals.
modals.
Organization The sequence The The The sequencing
of words and sequencing of sequencing of of words and
phrases is words and words and phrases is logical,
random. The phrases is very phrases is and the reader
reader can find confusing, and somewhat can follow the
no evidence of the reader may logical, and the ordering of ideas
the thoughtful need to use his reader can easily.
ordering of or her follow the
ideas. knowledge to ordering of
determine the ideas with
ordering of minimal effort.
ideas.

Grade 9-English 6
Competency: Express permission, obligation, and prohibition using modals
(EN9G-Ile-20)
 Presentation The dialogue The dialogue The dialogue The dialogue
of ideas and uses general or uses general or uses several uses many
word choice ordinary terms ordinary terms descriptive precise, vivid, and
to describe the to develop an words to descriptive words
place; the words idea or develop an to develop an
do not develop message using idea or idea or message
an idea or local colors message using using local colors
message using local colors
local colors
Cohesivenes The dialogue The dialogue The dialogue The dialogue
s does not go somewhat goes together goes perfectly
together. The goes together but needs more together. There is
poem lines and but needs more cohesiveness. unity between
stanzas sway cohesiveness. The poem’s lines and stanzas,
from the topic. The poem’s lines and which connect
lines and stanzas with the topic.
stanzas sway sometimes
from the topic. sway from the
topic.
Style (voice) The dialogue The dialogue is The dialogue is The dialogue is
lacks style and written written with a written with a
the thoughts did somewhat with defined style. great sense of
not come out style. Thoughts Thoughts are style. The poem
clearly on are clear to a clear to read has been well
paper. degree. and thought out and
understandable makes sense to
. the reader.
Language Frequent errors It contains Minimal errors Free of errors in
Conventions in spelling, errors in in spelling, spelling, grammar
grammar, spelling, grammar, and/or
and/or grammar, and/or punctuation
punctuation and/or punctuation marks.
marks. Errors punctuation marks. Errors
interfere with marks. Errors do not interfere
the reader’s interfere with with the
understanding. the reader’s reader’s
understanding. understanding.
Creativity Not creative nor More creativity Some creativity The topic has
entertaining at needed. Holds has been been approached
all very little shown. Shows creatively.
entertainment some Entertaining to
value. entertaining read.
value.

Grade 9-English 7
Competency: Express permission, obligation, and prohibition using modals
(EN9G-Ile-20)
 REFLECT
REFLECT

Well done! You have shown great

improvement after accomplishing all the
tasks in each lesson. This time you will
reflect on your work and rate your
confidence.

ACTIVITY 5: LOOKING BACK

Directions: Think back on the tasks you have accomplished and answer the following
questions. Write your answers in your notebook.

1. What did you find most enjoyable and interesting in this module?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

2. How does it influence you?

___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

3. What do you expect to improve or learn in the next module?

___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

Grade 9-English 8
Competency: Express permission, obligation, and prohibition using modals
(EN9G-Ile-20)
 ACTIVITY 6: FACEBOOK REACTIONS EXIT TICKET
Directions: Choose your Facebook reaction by writing it in your notebook and
completing the statement below.

ASSESS WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED

ACTIVITY 7: TEST YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Directions: Identify the use of modal in every sentence. Write your answer in your
notebook.

Permission Obligation Prohibition

1. You should go to the barber shop. Your hair is very long.

2. If you go sailing, you must wear a life jacket. The sea is very dangerous.
3. Tomorrow is a holiday. We don’t have to get up early.
4. The rules say that you can only invite one guest to the club.
5. There’s a lot of noise coming from the outside. Shall I close the window?
6. I’ll have to wear the black dress tonight. The invitation said formal clothes.
7. You don’t need to be a member to buy a ticket. It’s open to everyone.

Grade 9-English 9
Competency: Express permission, obligation, and prohibition using modals
(EN9G-Ile-20)
 8. I was late for the meeting. I really should have set my alarm this morning.
9. The museum is exclusive. You have to pay the membership fee to get in.
10. You might want another scoop of ice cream.

REFERENCES

EC Language Center. “Modal Verbs 1: Permission, Prohibition, Obligation, No

obligation”. EC English.com. Accessed July 19, 2020.
https://www.ecenglish.com/learnenglish/lessons/modal-verbs-1-
permission-prohibition-obligation-no-obligation

Nordquist, Richard. “Modal Verbs in English”. Thought Co. Accessed July 19, 2020.
https://www.thoughtco.com/modal-auxiliary-
term1691397#:~:text=Updated%20December%2012%2C%202019,uncertaint
y%2C%20possibility%2C%20or%20permission

VOA Leaning English. “Can I, Could I, May I?”. EverydaY Grammar. Accessed July
19, 2020. https://learningenglish.voanews.com/a/everyday-grammar-modals-
permission-can-may/2877141.html

ANSWER KEY

TRY THIS
1. should 6. might
2. can’t 7. May
3. must 8. ought to
4. will 9. can’t
5. Can 10. might

DO THIS
1. don’t need to 6. could not
2. must 7. must not
3. need to 8. should not
4. can 9. Should
5. May 10. can't

Grade 9-English 10
Competency: Express permission, obligation, and prohibition using modals
(EN9G-Ile-20)
 EXPLORE
1. could 11. should
2. can 12. should
3. can 13. ought
4. can 14. Shall
5. be able to 15. Should not
6. might 16. must not
7. might 17. has to
8. may 18. don’t have to
9. may 19. must
10. may 20. doesn’t have to

APPLY WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED

Answers may vary

REFLECT
Answers may vary

ASSESS WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED

1. Obligation
2. Obligation
3. Prohibition
4. Permission
5. Permission

6. Obligation
7. Prohibition
8. Obligation
9. Obligation
10. Permission

Grade 9-English 2
Competency: Express permission, obligation, and prohibition using modals
(EN9G-Ile-20)