ANAT 2033 FEBRUARY 2015 END OF REGION TEST 1

SCHOOL OF ANATOMICAL SCIENCES

ANATOMY FOR BSc PT II and BSc OT II (ANAT 2033)

END OF REGION TEST 1 25th FEBRUARY 2015

TOTAL TIME: 1 Hour TOTAL: 50 MARKS

Instructions:

1. Answer all questions.

2. Write your Anatomy number on the MCQ card provided.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ’s) 50 MARKS

i) Write your name, the degree for which you are registered, your student number, and
anatomy test number on the “Faculty of Health Sciences” side of the computer sheet.

ii) On the “circles” side of the computer sheet in the block headed “student number”
write your student number. Fill in the circles with a soft HB pencil.

iii) There is one type of MCQ questions in this paper:

X-Type: For this type of question there are five (5) options. Each must be marked as
either CORRECT or INCORRECT. For each question at least one of the options will be
correct and one incorrect. You need to have an answer for each of the five (5)
statements. This type of MCQ has negative marking, that is, marks will be deducted
for every wrong answer provided. However, you will not be penalised for leaving any
question blank, but you will not be credited either.

iv) DO NOT use CORRECTION FLUID on your MCQ sheet. You may use an eraser with
care.

v) DO NOT fold or bend the computer card.

vi) DO NOT write on and/or near the bar coded margin.

vii) The computer sheet MUST be filled in during the examination time. NO TIME WILL
BE ALLOWED after the end of the examination for filling in the sheet.

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X-TYPE MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (2 MARKS EACH)

MORPHOLOGICAL ANATOMY (30 MARKS)

1. Concerning diarthrotic joints:

a. A saddle joint is found between carpal and metacarpal of the thumb
b. The glenohumeral joint is an example of ball and socket joint
c. A joint space is absent
d. They are unstable
e. They are prone to osteoarthritis

2. With regards to anatomical terminology:

a. The anatomical reference position changes with the orientation of the body
b. The mid-sagittal plane divides the body into anterior and posterior
c. The digits, excluding the thumb, are flexed in the coronal plane
d. The hand is distal to the elbow
e. In the anatomical position, the knee is extended

3. Regarding the clavicle:

a. It is an irregular bone
b. The medial 2/3rd of the shaft is concave anteriorly
c. The acromial end is located medially
d. The sternal end is flattened supero-inferiorly
e. The superior surface is smooth

4. With regards to the coracobrachialis muscle:

a. It is in the posterior compartment of the arm
b. It originates (proximal attachment) from a linear roughening on the mid-shaft of the
humerus
c. It is a flexor of the forearm
d. It is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve
e. It is mainly supplied by the profunda brachii artery

5. With regards to the triangular space (posterior view):

a. It is an area of transition between the axilla and the posterior scapular region
b. It is bordered superiorly by the teres major
c. The lateral margin is formed by the shaft of the humerus
d. The circumflex scapular artery passes through this space
e. The axillary nerve passes through this space

6. Regarding the axilla:

a. The lateral wall is formed by the coracoid process of the scapula
b. The medial wall includes pectoralis minor
c. The axillary inlet is bordered by bones
d. The contents include the subclavian artery
e. The roots of the brachial plexus are found within the axilla

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7. With regards to the sternoclavicular joint:

a. It is a fibrous joint
b. It is the joint formed between the clavicular notch and the sternal end of the clavicle
c. It allows movement in the antero-posterior plane
d. The interclavicular ligament reinforces the joint capsule
e. It is an example of a saddle joint

8. Regarding the radius:

a) It is an irregular bone
b) The proximal radio-ulnar joint allows supination and pronation
c) The interosseous border is located medially
d) It has a radial styloid process located proximally
e) The radial head articulates with the capitulum of the humerus

9. Concerning the muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm:

a) The musculocutaneous nerve innervates all the muscles
b) The ulnar nerve innervates flexor carpi ulnaris
c) The median nerve innervates the medial half of flexor digitorum profundus
d) All the muscles in the superficial layer originate from the lateral epicondyle
e) The median nerve innervates flexor carpi radialis

10. Concerning the Cubital fossa:

a) The content includes the ulna nerve
b) The lateral border is formed by the pronator teres
c) The median cubital vein is a content of the roof of the fossa
d) The content includes the median nerve
e) Brachialis forms the floor of the fossa

11. Concerning the Hand:

a) The thumb has proximal, middle and distal phallanges
b) The ulna nerve supplies sensation to the central part of the palm
c) The hypothenar muscles are innervated by the ulna nerve
d) The deep palmar arch is formed predominantly by the radial artery
e) The palmar interossei muscles abduct at the metacarpophalangeal joints

12. Regarding the position of the base of the female breast:

a) It extends vertically from the 2nd to the 6th ribs
b) It extends horizontally from lateral border of sternum to midclavicular line
c) The medial ⅔ lies anterior to the pectoralis major muscle
d) The lateral ⅓ lies anterior to the serratus anterior muscle
e) The retromammary space separates the breast from the deep fascia

13. Blood supply to the female breast is through branches of the following arteries:
a) Thoracoacromial artery
b) Lateral thoracic artery
c) Dorsal scapular artery
d) Internal thoracic artery
e) 1st to 6th posterior intercostal arteries

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14. Regarding the joints of the pectoral girdle:

a) They include the sternoclavicular, acromioclavicular and glenohumeral joints
b) An articular disc divides the acromioclavicular joint cavity
c) The glenohumeral joint most commonly dislocates anteroinferiorly
d) The glenohumeral joint allows for protraction and retraction of the arm
e) A glenoid labrum deepens the glenohumeral joint

15. Regarding the elbow joint:

a) It is a synovial hinge joint
b) The collateral ligaments are anterior and posterior thickenings of the joint capsule
c) The movements at the elbow joint include abduction and adduction
d) It involves the trochlear notch of the ulna and the trochlea of the humerus
e) It also involves the head of the radius and the capitulum of the humerus

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HISTOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY: (20 MARKS)

16. Loose connective tissue:

a) is characterized by abundant ground substance
b) surrounds glandular epithelium
c) contains basophils
d) lacks collagen fibres
e) has adipocytes dispersed throughout

17. Neutrophils:
a) have multiple nuclei
b) are granulocytes
c) are phagocytic
d) contain tertiary granules
e) have a cytoplasm which stain intensely basophilic

18. Hyaline cartilage:

a) is avascular
b) contains elastic fibres
c) is found in the c-shaped cartilage rings of the trachea
d) resists compressive forces
e) is maintained by osteocytes

19. With regard to skeletal muscle:

a) gap junctions are present between cells
b) multiple peripheral nuclei are present
c) overlapping myofilaments give it characteristic cross-striations
d) caveolae are present
e) fibres are surrounded by connective tissue

20. The following embryonic processes take place during the second week of
embryonic development:
a) capacitation
b) gastrulation
c) bilaminar embryonic disc formation
d) lacunar stage development
e) cleavage

21. With regard to epithelium:

a) the main function of stratified squamous keratinized epithelium is waterproofing
b) pseudostratified epithelium is classified as simple
c) transitional epithelium is classified as simple
d) simple squamous epithelium lining blood vessels is known as mesothelium
e) cilia is a specialization of the lateral domain

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22. With regard to glands:

a) endocrine glands have ducts
b) goblet cells are multicellular glands
c) compound glands have a branching duct system
d) mixed glands have both tubular and alveolar secretory end pieces
e) holocrine mode of secretion is associated with apoptosis
23. Concerning the following statements:
a) a cell with an extensive golgi apparatus stores large quantities of nutrients
b) the number of lysosomes in a cell influences metabolic activity of the cell
c) scanning electron microscopy details the internal structure of a specimen
d) the cell is the elementary level of organization of the multicellular organism
e) cell-cell recognition is the ability of the cell to distinguish one type of neighbouring
cell from another

24. The following combinations of organelles are involved in manufacturing

substances needed by the cell:
a) lysosome, vacuole, ribosome
b) ribosome, rough ER, smooth ER
c) mitochondria, rough ER, smooth ER
d) smooth ER, ribosome, hemosiderin
e) rough ER, lysosome, pigment granules

25. The basic features common to all cells include

a) a plasma membrane
b) a semi-fluid substance called the cytosol
c) chromosomes and ribosomes
d) DNA located in a region called the nucleoid
e) metabolic processes which exceed anabolic processes

TOTAL: 50 MARKS

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