F4 (0708) Chem (1) (E) Fe

LUI CHEUNG KWONG LUTHERAN COLLEGE
F.4 Chemistry (I)

Final Examination (2007/2008)
Time Allowed : 1¾ hour
DATE : 16-6-2008
CLASS: F.4______
NAME: ____________ CLASS NO.: ________
Structured questions
1 A student carried out an experiment on thermal decomposition of limestone.
a) What is the major constituent of limestone?
b) Write a chemical equation for the thermal decomposition of limestone.
c) A gas is evolved during the thermal decomposition of limestone.

i) Draw a labelled diagram of an experimental set-up for heating the limestone and
testing the gas evolved.
ii) State any observable change for the test of the gas evolved.
d) Describe briefly how you can show the presence of calcium in limestone.
(6 marks)
2 a) Complete the following table.

Atomic Mass Number of Electron arrangement
Element number number neutrons of its atom
A 6 12 6
B 6 13 7
C 11 23 12 2, 8, 1
D 17 35 18 2, 8, 7
E 37 85 48 2, 8, 18, 8, 1
LCK/07-08/FE/F4/CHEM(I)/P1
b) i) Which two elements are in the same group of the periodic table?
ii) Which of these two elements is more reactive towards water?
c) Which two elements are isotopes?
(5 marks)
3 The reactivity of metals can be determined by the reaction between metal and acid.
Five different metals, calcium, tin, zinc, copper and nickel are added to dilute hydrochloric
acid respectively. The gas produced is collected by displacement of water. The height of
gas collected in the first 30 seconds in each case is measured.
./43;/7=
9:,/
2/3129 60 1+8 -644/-9/.
<+9/7
.34:9/ 2=.76-24673- +-3.
5/9+4
The results are shown in the following table.
Metal calcium tin zinc copper nickel
Height (cm) of gas collected 5.5 1 4.5 0 2.5
in the first 30 seconds
a) Write a chemical equation for the reaction between zinc and dilute hydrochloric acid.
b) Suggest a test for the gas evolved.
c) Determine the reactivity series in descending order from the results provided.
d) Explain why the reactivity of sodium CANNOT be determined by this method.
e) Explain why it is NOT suitable to use dilute sulphuric acid to replace dilute
hydrochloric acid in this experiment.
(5 marks)
4 a) 2.70 g of a metal M combines with 2.40 g of oxygen to form an oxide with the formula
M2O3. What is the relative atomic mass of M?
b) A crystalline salt (MCl3•6H2O) is found to contain 40.5% by mass of water of

crystallization. Calculate
i) the formula mass of the hydrated salt; and
ii) the relative atomic mass of the metal M.
(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, O = 16.0, Cl = 35.5)

(6 marks)
5 a) Both nitrogen and fluorine are non-metals. Draw electron diagrams of the following
atoms:
i) a nitrogen atom
ii) a fluorine atom
b) Nitrogen can form a fluoride with relative molecular mass of 66.0. The compound
contains 42.4% of nitrogen by mass.
i) Deduce the molecular formula of the compound.
ii) Draw an electron diagram of the compound, showing electrons in the outermost
shells only.
(6 marks)
6 A domestic cleaner contains concentrated sulphuric acid as the active ingredient. A titration
experiment was carried out to determine the concentration of sulphuric acid in the domestic
cleaner.
25.0 cm3 of the cleaner were diluted to 1 000.0 cm3 with distilled water. 25.0 cm3 of the
diluted cleaner were then titrated against 1.00 M sodium hydroxide solution. 20.6 cm3 of
1.00 M sodium hydroxide solution were required for complete neutralization.
a) Describe how the end point in this titration can be determined.
b) Calculate the concentration, in g dm-3, of sulphuric acid in the cleaner.
c) Suggest ONE disadvantage of using the cleaner for cleaning.
d) State ONE safety precaution needed when using the cleaner. Explain your answer.
e) Describe briefly how you would prepare a burette containing the sodium hydroxide
solution for titration.
(7 marks)
7 A student carried out the following experiments at room temperature and pressure to study the
rate of reaction between magnesium and sulphuric acid:
Experiment Reaction
1 0.7 g magnesium + 100 cm3 of 1 M H2SO4
For experiment 2, a plot of the volume of gas given off against time was obtained:
GA>F?: A; <8D <=G:@ A;; +9?0,
4-- 7
5HB:C=?:@E /
3--
6
1--
/--
- .- /- 0- 1- 2- 3-
E=?: +D,
a) Write an equation for the reaction between magnesium and sulphuric acid.
b) Suggest a method for measuring the volume of the gas liberated.
c) When was the reaction completed in Experiment 2?
d) Copy the graph of experiment 2 in your answer book and draw on the same graph the
expected curves for Experiment 1 and 3. Explain your answer.
(6 marks)
8 The table below lists the results of two chemical tests.

Test Observation
3
I. Chlorine gas was passed into 10 cm of The colourless solution became orange.
sodium bromide solution.
II. Sodium sulphite solution was added to
?
the reaction mixture in test I.
a) Explain the observation in Test I.
b) Write an ionic equation for the reaction in Test I.
c) Identify the changes in oxidation number of the reactants in Test I.
d) i) Suggest what would be observed in Test II.
ii) Explain the observation in Test II with the help of an ionic equation.
e) Name another reagent that can replace sodium sulphite in Test II for getting the same
observation.
f) In the presence of a dilute acid, sulphite ions react with dioxovanadium(V) ions (VO2+) to
form sulphate ions and vanadium(III) ions (V3+).
i) Write an ionic half-equation for the formation of vanadium(III) ions.
ii) Write an ionic half-equation for the formation of sulphate ions.
iii) Write an ionic equation for the overall reaction.
(11 marks)
For question 9, candidates are required to give answers in paragraph form. For this question, 6 marks
will be awarded for chemical knowledge and 3 marks for effective communication.
9. ‘Elements in Group VII of the Periodic Table exhibit similar chemical properties. However, their
reactivity decreases down the group.’
Elaborate the first statement above using two reactions of halogens. Also outline an experiment to
illustrate the second statement.
(You are suggested to use chlorine and bromine as examples of halogens in answering this question.)
(9 marks)
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10 Chromium is a transition metal. The oxidation number of chromium in its compounds can be
+2, +3 and +6.
a) Emerald, a green-coloured gemstone, contains chromium ions. Suggest what chromium
ion present in emerald is responsible for its green colour.
b) Chromium(III) oxide can be prepared by heating ammonium dichromate.

Ammonium dichromate → chromium(III) oxide + water + nitrogen
Transcribe the word equation into a chemical equation.
c) In the presence of a dilute acid, chromium(II) ions are rapidly oxidized to chromium(III)
ions in contact with oxygen in the air.
i) Write an ionic half-equation for the formation of chromium(III) ions.
ii) Write an ionic half-equation for the reduction of oxygen to water.
iii) Write an ionic equation for the overall reaction.
d) Sodium chromate (Na2CrO4) dissolves in water to give a yellow solution.

When dilute hydrochloric acid is added, the following reaction occurs:
2CrO42-(aq) + 2H+(aq) → Cr2O72-(aq) + H2O(l)
i) State the colour of solution formed.
ii) Explain whether the reaction is a redox reaction.
e) Wastewater containing dichromate ions from an electroplating factory is treated to

remove the chromium before discharge. The flow diagram below shows the process.
0;6:A><5C8 ;>=B MNKL I /:A><;D<+111, MNKL J /:A><;D<+111,

;= E5BC8E5C8A CA85C87 E;C: 8F68BB ;>=B :G7A>F;78
25-43.+5@, ;= C:8
?A8B8=68 >9 56;7
i) Write an ionic equation for the reaction involved in step 1.
ii) Suggest a reagent that can be used in step 2.
(10 marks)
11 When the circuit in the set-up below is closed, the acidified potassium permanganate solution
loses its colour gradually.
6<64CA?56 . 6<64CA?56 /
:A?>+00, BD<@92C6 B?<DC:?> 24:5:7:65 @?C2BB:D=

@6A=2>82>2C6 B?<DC:?>
92<7-46<< . 92<7-46<< /
7:<C6A @2@6A B?2;65 E:C9

@?C2BB:D= >:CA2C6 B?<DC:?>
2B 2 B2<C 3A:586
a) Write an ionic half-equation for the reaction that occurs in half-cell B.

Explain whether the permanganate ion is oxidized or reduced.
b) What would be observed in the iron(II) sulphate solution after some time?
Write an ionic half-equation for the reaction occurred.
c) Identify the direction of electron flow in the external circuit.
d) State the cathode in the above chemical cell. Explain your answer.
e) i) What is the function of the salt bridge in the set-up?
ii) Explain whether the salt bridge can be prepared by soaking a strip of filter paper
with sodium sulphite solution.
(10 marks)
For question 12, candidates are required to give answers in paragraph form. For this question, 6 marks
will be awarded for chemical knowledge and 3 marks for effective communication.
12. With reference to the properties of 1 M H2SO4 and 1 M HNO3, suggest THREE methods based on
different chemical principles to distinguish these two acids.
(You can use any common chemicals available in a school laboratory. Both the processes and the
observations involved are required in your answers.)
(9 marks)
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LUI CHEUNG KWONG LUTHERAN COLLEGE

F.4 Chemistry (I)

b) Write a chemical equation for the thermal decomposition of limestone.

c) A gas is evolved during the thermal decomposition of limestone.

2 a) Complete the following table.

ii) Which of these two elements is more reactive towards water?

c) Which two elements are isotopes?

b) Suggest a test for the gas evolved.

d) Explain why the reactivity of sodium CANNOT be determined by this method.

b) A crystalline salt (MCl3•6H2O) is found to contain 40.5% by mass of water of

ii) the relative atomic mass of the metal M.

(Relative atomic masses: H = 1.0, O = 16.0, Cl = 35.5)

ii) a fluorine atom

b) Calculate the concentration, in g dm-3, of sulphuric acid in the cleaner.

c) Suggest ONE disadvantage of using the cleaner for cleaning.

b) Suggest a method for measuring the volume of the gas liberated.

c) When was the reaction completed in Experiment 2?

8 The table below lists the results of two chemical tests.

b) Write an ionic equation for the reaction in Test I.

c) Identify the changes in oxidation number of the reactants in Test I.

d) i) Suggest what would be observed in Test II.

ii) Write an ionic half-equation for the formation of sulphate ions.

iii) Write an ionic equation for the overall reaction.

b) Chromium(III) oxide can be prepared by heating ammonium dichromate.

ii) Write an ionic half-equation for the reduction of oxygen to water.

iii) Write an ionic equation for the overall reaction.

d) Sodium chromate (Na2CrO4) dissolves in water to give a yellow solution.

ii) Explain whether the reaction is a redox reaction.

e) Wastewater containing dichromate ions from an electroplating factory is treated to

0;6:A><5C8 ;>=B MNKL I /:A><;D<+111, MNKL J /:A><;D<+111,

i) Write an ionic equation for the reaction involved in step 1.

ii) Suggest a reagent that can be used in step 2.

:A?>+00, BD<@92C6 B?<DC:?> 24:5:7:65 @?C2BB:D=

7:<C6A @2@6A B?2;65 E:C9

a) Write an ionic half-equation for the reaction that occurs in half-cell B.

c) Identify the direction of electron flow in the external circuit.

e) i) What is the function of the salt bridge in the set-up?

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