Learning Area TLE-Agricultural Crop Production Grade Level 10

W4 Quarter Fourth Date

I. LESSON TITLE Grain Cleaning
II. MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING Clean up on completion of rice drying activities according to standard
COMPETENCIES (MELCs) procedures and supervisor’s instructions.
III. CONTENT/CORE CONTENT Principles and practices in operating tools, equipment and machine in rice
drying.
IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES
I.Introduction (Time Frame: 15 minutes)

Rice quality is the major factor that affects its market value. Immediately following harvest, rice quality is typically at its
peak. A primary measure of rice quality is head rice yield which is greatly influenced by drying. The final quality of rice,
ready to market, is sensitive to all post-harvest processes such as drying, handling, storage, and milling. Rice is graded using
several classifications designed to characterize rice quality. On-farm rice drying and storage has the potential to
increase harvest efficiency, reduce harvesting delays, and provide more control over grain quality, all of which
contribute to overall market/delivery time flexibility.

A clean grain has a higher value than a grain that is contaminated with straw, chaff, weed seeds, soil, rubbish, and
other non-grain materials.

This lesson is designed in order for you to be familiar with the importance of cleaning grains after harvesting and drying as it
removes unwanted material and particles in it.

Specifically, you are expected to:

a. identify the process in cleaning up rice grain after drying;
b. understand the concepts of proper grain cleaning before rice milling procedure;
c. manifest the importance of having clean rice grains as it promotes quality milled rice.
D. Development (Time Frame: 1 hour and 15 minutes)

Grain Cleaning is the removal of unwanted materials from the grain such as straws, chaffs, unfilled grains, weed seeds, soil,
rubbish, and other impurities.
 Clean the grains immediately after threshing. Cleaning is an essential post-harvest operation since it affects
storability and milling quality of grains. Uncleaned grains are prone to deterioration during storage.
 In some mechanical threshers, cleaning is carried out simultaneously with threshing. However, in manual or animal
treading, further cleaning is necessary because the grain is mixed with straw, chaff, dirt, stones, and other
impurities.
 The most common method of cleaning rice grains in the Philippines is the use of winnowing basket (or
bilao). Winnowing sieves called bithay, made either of wire mesh or bamboo slats are also used for cleaning.
 Another method is the use of hand operated winnower or hunkoy. This gadget consists of a paddle-type fan
mounted on 162 a wooden frame to direct air blasts against the grain or foreign matter that falls from the hopper.

Methods of Cleaning Rice Grains

 Winnowing
Lighter materials such as unfilled grains, chaff, weed seeds, and straw is removed through winnowing. To improve
efficiency when there is no sufficient wind, a blower or an air fan can be used. However, winnowing recovers only the
heavier grains. Other heavy particles like heavier weed seeds, off types, stones and dirt might still be included in the
rice.
 Screening/Sifting
Smaller materials such as weed seeds, soil particles and stones can be removed by sieving the grain through a
smaller sized screen (1.4 mm or less sieve opening). This can also be done mechanically through machine cleaners
which use an air stream to remove light materials such as straw, chaff, and unfilled grains.
 Blowing. Using the thresher or mechanical blower to clean the rice grains and using its blower to remove all
unfilled grains, weed seeds, and chaff.
IV.LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES

Learning Task 1.
Instructions: Analyze the given pictures (Illustration A, B and C). Copy and complete the table below by identifying the
tools and methods used in cleaning rice grains. Provide a short description on how the method is done. Use a separate
sheet of paper for your answer.

A B C

A B C
Method of Cleaning
Rice Grain
Tools / Equipment /
Machine
Description of how it
is done

Importance of Cleaning Rice grain

1. Clean grain has higher market value.
2. Clean grain is easier to dry.
3. Clean grain has better storability.
4. It produces better quality of milled rice.
5. It reduces dockage at time of milling.
6. Seed cleaning reduces susceptibility to diseases and improves germination.

Recommended winnowing practices:

1. Place grain on a winnowing tray.
2. Place a net or mat on the ground.
3. Tilt the tray against the wind.
4. Pour grain slowly at a height of about 1 m.
5. Wind will separate light from heavy grains.
6. Recover only the heavier grains.
7. Repeat the procedure if needed.
8. Use a fan or blower if there is not sufficient wind.

Learning Task 2
Instructions: Complete the sentences below by choosing the correct word inside the box. Use your TLE notebook as answer
sheet for this activity.

tray ground wind grain

heavy recover procedure blower

Recommended winnowing practices:

1. Place grain on a winnowing .
2. Place a net or mat on the .
3. Tilt the tray against the .
4. Pour slows at a height of about 1 m.
5. Wind will separate light from grains.
6. only the heavier grains.
7. Repeat the if needed.
8. Use a fan or if there is not sufficient wind.
IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES
Learning Task 3
Instructions: Organize the ideas on the importance of cleaning rice grains by completing the pattern fan below. Copy and
complete the illustration on a separate sheet of paper.

Importance of Rice Grain Cleaning

E. Engagement (Time Frame: 1 hour and 30 minutes)

Learning Task 4.
For this task you can perform either A or B depending on the availability of resources.

A. VLOG ME!
Instructions:
1. Create a simple discussion vlog on the three methods of cleaning rice grains.
2. You can use a video camera or a mobile phone in doing the task/s.
3. Please be guided with the given criteria for this task.
4. Send your output to your teacher via messenger or other social media platforms.

Rubrics for grading your Vlog

Criteria Score Learners Score
Accuracy of content 30 points
Graphics and Visual design 10 points
Voice clarity 10 points
Total 50 points

B. Research Me!
If rice grain cleaning is not available in your area, make a research paper on the different methods of grain cleaning.
You can include or copy pictures of the different methods to further strengthen the content of your research. Your
research paper must include the following: Title Page, Introduction, Content, Conclusion and Recommendation. Use short
bond paper.

Rubrics for grading 5

your research paper 4 3 2 1
Comprehension Shows a thorough Shows a Shows a Shows a basic Shows little
of Text and thoughtful comprehensive comprehensive understanding of understanding of
understanding of understanding of understanding of the text the text.
the text. the text. the text.
Organization Essay is well- Essay is organized, Essay is somewhat Essay needs to be Essay is one
organized, and all necessary organized. Intro better organized. paragraph or
including a strong elements are includes a weak Includes fewer does not have
intro, content, present. The statement. Body than three body any appearance
and a thought- content is present paragraphs do paragraphs. of organization..
provoking but not well- not connect well
conclusion. supported. to the title
IV. LEARNING PHASES AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES
A. Assimilation (Time Frame: 20 minutes)

After threshing, grains (or shells, in the case of groundnuts) are contaminated by impurities (earth, small pebbles, plant and
insect waste, seed cases, etc.) that hinder drying operations or make them longer and more costly. After drying, especially by
traditional methods such as open-air drying, the grain may still be contaminated by impurities which lower the quality of the
product and are also a focal point for potential infestation during storage.

Since clean grains have higher value than ones that are contaminated with straw, chaff, weed seeds, soil, rubbish and other
non-grain materials, grain cleaning which may include sorting of the products according to quality, is indispensable before
storage, marketing or further processing of the products.

"Cleaning" means the phase or phases of the post-harvest system during which the impurities mixed with the grain mass are
eliminated.

V. ASSESSMENT (Time Frame: 20 minutes)

(Learning Activity Sheets for Enrichment, Remediation, or Assessment to be given on Weeks 3 and 6)

True or False. Write true if the statement is correct and False if it is wrong. Your TLE notebook will serve as your answer sheet for
this activity.
1. Clean grain has higher market value.
2. Clean grain is easier to dry.
3. Clean grain has better storability.
4. Seed cleaning will reduce susceptibility to diseases and will improve germination.
5. Lighter materials such as unfilled grains, chaff, weed seeds, and straw is removed through winnowing.
6. Smaller materials such as weed seeds, soil particles and stones can be removed by sieving the grain through a
smaller sized screen (1.4 mm or less sieve opening).
VI.REFLECTION (Time Frame: 20 minutes)
 Communicate your personal assessment as indicated in the Learner’s Assessment Card.
Personal Assessment on Learner’s Level of Performance
Using the symbols below, choose one which best describes your experience in working on each given task. Draw it in the column
for Level of Performance (LP). Be guided by the descriptions below:
 - I was able to do/perform the task without any difficulty. The task helped me in understanding the target content/ lesson.
 - I was able to do/perform the task. It was quite challenging, but it still helped me in understanding the target content/lesson.
? – I was not able to do/perform the task. It was extremely difficult. I need additional enrichment activities to be able to do/perform this
task.
Learning Task LP Learning Task LP Learning Task LP Learning Task LP
Number 1 Number 3 Number 5 Number 7
Number 2 Number 4 Number 6 Number 8
VII. REFERENCES - http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/step-by-step-
production/postharvest/drying/drying-systems#mechanical-drying-systems
- https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/santiago-city-isabela-philippines-april-16-an-old-
woman-winnowing-rice-at-the-farm-gm1147268663-309396344
- https://www.alamy.com/female-field-worker-sieves-grains-of-rice-to-remove-chaff-in-
a-field-image3212063.html
- file:///C:/Users/LENOVO/Desktop/agri%2010%20pivot/Copy-of-Agri-Crop-Grade-10-
LM.pdf
- http://www.fao.org/3/t0522e/T0522E0b.htm
- http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/step-by-step-production/postharvest/drying
- http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/step-by-step-production/postharvest/milling
- https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/451697037620711802/?autologin=true