Choose the best answer

1) It is estimated that there are more than how many muscles in the human body?
a. 400 b.600 c.300 d.100

2) Which of the following is NOT a muscle type in the human body?

Elastic b.Cardiac c. Skeletal d. Smooth

3) Skeletal muscles are held to the bones with the help of which of the following?
a. Gristle b. Cartilages c. Tendons d. Strands

4) Which muscles are also called involuntary muscles and are usually in sheets, or layers,
with one layer of muscle behind the other?
a. Skeletal b. Smooth c. Cardiac d. Elastic

5) The muscle that makes up the heart is called which of the following?
a. Elastic Smooth c. Skeletal d. Cardiac

The nose and nasal cavities have the job of_______.

a. closing the larynx b. controlling the temperature of the air
c. filtering the cilia from the air d. taking the air to the heart

A _____ is a person who has studied general medicine, but has not specialized in any one
branch.
a.cardiologist b.general practitioner c.nurse d.dermatologist

The billions of air sacs of the lungs have thin, ____________ .

a. B. muscle c. membranous walls d. mucus

Calcium, which is a ______________ is necessary in the development of the body.

a. Mineral B. tendon c. hardd. d.cell

______ is one of the short parts like threads at the edge of nerve cell that carry messages to
the cell.
a.white matter b.axon c.dendrite d. synapse

The basic unit of your body structure is________.

a.the heart b.the gene c.the cell d.the tissue

The trachea is shaped like a ________ .

1
a.tube b.horse-shoe c.box d.triangle
Inspiration is the taking of ________into the blood.
a.oxygen b.vessels c.carbon dioxide d.capillaries

Cartilage is a substance that __________ bones.

a.resemble b.resembles c.resembled d.resembling

When the food is swallowed, the epiglottis__________.

a.carries the food into the stomach b.starts the coughing reflex
c.closes over the larynx d.allows the food to pass through the larynx

The branch of medicine dealing with the study and treatment of the stomach, intestines and
colon is called ______.
a.pathology b.gastroenterology c.internal medicine d.surgery

Air begins its journey to the lungs through the body at_______.
a.the nasal cavities b.the pharynx c.the nostrils d.the
lungs

If a man had to tell his body to breathe, he could never________.

a.go to sleep b.control his respiration c.sing or talk d.breathe

The active portion of the bone is______.

a.around the bone b.outside the bone c.inside the bone d.around the
ligament

If a person is having eye trouble, he had better see a specialist in_____________

a.ophthalmology b.radiology c.neurology d.pharmacology

The hairs in the nose act as ____________ .

a.filters b.flaps to close off the nasal cavities c.heaters
d.controls

The lungs are connected to the trachea by ______________.

a.The vocal cord. B.the alveoli c.the bronchi. d.the diaphragm.

The vocal cords within the larynx are surrounded and protected by nine ______.

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a.tendons b.cartilages c.ribs d.muscles

The alveoli are surrounded by _________.

a.tiny hairs b.minute blood vessels c.muscles d.horse-shoe-shaped
cartilages

The body grow through______ .

a.the action of cytoplasm b.an unknown mechanism c.cell classification d.cell division

Diseases of the rectum are studied in ______

a.dermatology b.radiology c.proctology
d.anesthesiology

The larynx is also called________.

a.the pharynx b.the vocal cords c.none of the preceding d.the
voice

The stomach has the function of ______.

a.digesting food b.absorbing blood c.eating food d.holding foreign
substances

____________ is a branch of medicine dealing with the age and problems of aging .
a.obstetrics b.pediatrics c.psychiatry d.geriatrics

The special cells in the bone are called__________.

a.lymphocytes b.osteocytes c.marrow d.active cells

Each neuron contains a nucleus surrounded by ______.

a.watery fluid b.a wall c.protoplasm d.cytoplasm

The blood vessels which surround the air sacs receive _________ from them.
a.cointraction b.oxygen c.bronchioles d.blood

___________uses physical means in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. It includes the
use of heat, cold, water, light, electricity, manipulation, massage, exercise and mechanical
devices.
a.orthopedics surgery b.physical medicine c.plastic surgery
d.psychiatry

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The relationship between air sacs and the capillaries is what makes _________.
a.a person talk b.expansion of the lungs possible
c.breathing possible d.a person inhale

The outer layer of skin tissue is formed by______ .

a.the nucleus b.a great many skin cells c.associated glands d.connective
tissue

The axon carries the stimulus along to the ______ of another nerve cell.
a.joints b.sensory nerves c.brain d.dendrite

The vertebral column __________ the spinal cord.

a. connects b. makes up c. Surrounds d. looks like

The inner portion of the bone is called______ .

a.joints b.a sponge c.red blood cells d.marrow

____________ is one of the small organs under the skin that produce sweat.
a.stomach b.bladder c.urinary tract d.sweat gland

Diseases, not usually treated surgically, allergy for example, are the concern of______.
a.obstetrics b.Cardiology c.Internal medicine d.psychiatry

Carbon dioxide is taken out of the body during ____________.

a.coming b.expiration c.inhaling d.inspiration

The specific area of medicine which deals with the management of pregnancy, labor, and
the treatment of the child after labor is known as _____.
a.pediatrics b.obstetrics c.anesthesiology d.dermatology

______are tough stringy bands which hold the bones together.

a.Ligaments b.Muscles c.Joints d.Tendons

The diaphragm contracts and _______ during inspiration.

a.strengthens b.surrounds c.goes around d.relaxes
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The motor nerves carry impulses ______.
a.from sense organs to the muscles b.from the sense organs to the brain.
c.from brain to the muscles d.from brain to the sense organs

Long bones are of the kind found in the upper arms and the lower arms, the thigh and legs
and _____________.
a.ribcage b.collar bones c.spinal column d.skull

Surgery which is done in the chest is known as___________.

a.plastic surgery b.neurological surgery c.thoracic surgery d.orthopedic
surgery

If an axon or dendrite is___________ , it will often heal and function again.

a.cured b.cut c.destroyed d.dyed

Due to other body systems, respiration becomes somewhat automatic and ______.
a.voluntary b.controls c.involuntary d.affects

The study of the heart and its function is call______________.

a.cardiology b.urology c.pathology d.proctology

When the food is swallowed, the epiglottis ______.

a.closes over the larynx b.starts the coughing reflex
c.carries the food into the stomach d.allows the food to pass through the larynx

The stimulus pass into the nerve cell and then into______.
a.sense organs b.tendons c.muscles d.axon

If someone has pneumonia, he might be taken to a doctor who specializes in ______.

a.protology b.cardiovascular disease c.pulmonary diseases
d.dermatology

If I have a skin rash or an itching of the skin, I might go to a doctor who has specialized in
______.
a.anesthesiology b.ophthalmology c.dermatology
d.urology

5
A person will start coughing if_____________ .
a.he breathes b.air reaches the opening of the larynx
c.the epiglottis closes d.food enters the larynx
The vertebral column _________ the spinal column.
a.completes b.goes around c.divides d.holds up

Peripheral nerves including the twelve cranial nerves_______ mostly the sense organs.
a.serve b.affect c.constitute d.make up

The study of the nervous system is called ______________.

a.urology b.gynecology c.neurology d.radiology

All cells in our body are alike in that they______.

a.are rather big b.are not surrounded by walls
c.are fill up with cytoplasm d.contain acid

The ____________ nerves carry stimuli to the brain.

a.motor b.cranial c.peripheral d.sensory

The knee and elbow joints are ___________

a.immovable b.not movable c.slightly movable d.very movable

The ribcage is __________.

a.curved b.straight c.square d.triangular

The brain is the __________ center of the entire nervous system.

a.speech b.writing c.motor d.control

The stomach, lungs, brain, kidneys and liver are all body _____.
a.systems b.cells c.organs d.tissues

The gene lines in______.

a.the cell b.the stomach c.the heart d.the cell's nucleus

ÔN

1.The larynx removes foreign matter from the air.

6
a. T B. F
2.The food goes into the wrong passage, a person will start coughing.
a. T B. F
3.Large hairs line the inside of the nostrils.
a. T B. F
4.The larynx is closed when the food is swallowed.
a. T B. F
5.Mucous comes from the bone marrow,
a. T B. F
6.The pharynx leads to both the stomach and the lungs.
a. T B. F
7.Breathing is completely involuntary and automatic
a. T B. F
8.When a person speaks, he must control his breathing rate.
a. T B. F
9.The nasal cavities are lines with a thick, sticky fluid.
a. T B. F
10.If a man had to tell his body to breathe, he could never___________.
a) control his respiration b) sing or talk c) go to sleep d) breathe
11.Air begins its journey to the lungs through the body at ..............
a) the pharynx b) the nasal cavities c) the lungs d) the nostrils
12.The nose and nasal cavities have the job of______________
a) taking the air to the heart b) controlling the temperature of the air
c) closing the larynx d) filtering the cilia from the air
13.Both food and air move through_______________
a) the nasal passage b) the larynx c) the nostrils d) the pharynx
14.When the food is swallowed, the epiglottis__________
a) carries the food into the stomach b) allows the food to pass through the larynx
c) closes over the larynx d) starts the coughing reflex
15.The hairs in the nose act as____________
a) heaters b) flaps to close off the nasal cavities c) filters d) controls
16.The epiglottis is a piece of___________
a) tough tissue b) sticky fluid c) hair d) soft bone
17.A person will start coughing if_____________
a) he breathes b) air reaches the opening of the larynx
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c) food enters the larynx d) the epiglottis closes
18.When the coughing reflex is set off, the person_____________ .
a) starts the coughing reflex automatically b) begins to choke
c) thinks he must cough d) makes himself cough
19.The true cause of this rare disease …………….. ______ unknown.
20.Birth.................................is a vital measure to slow down the birth rate in countries
where there Is an explosion of population.
21.Artificial_............................................ is the procedure for causing the air to flow Info
and from the lungs by any mechanical means when natural breathing ceases.
22.If ………………………………………… objects are swallowed, they most often pass
harmlessly along the food passage and are excreted.
23.The nose and the…………………………………also takes part in conveying the air to
and from the lungs.
24.We can, If we wish, stop breathing or………………………………….increase either the
rate or depth of respiration for a short time.
25.A nerve center in the hind brain, called the respiratory
center……………………………………respiration.
26.The pharynx leads to two passages: One, the esophagus which is for food, and the other,
the ……………………..................... is for air.
27.Due to other body systems, respiratory becomes somewhat automatic and ............
a) voluntary b) involuntary c) inautomatic
28.Breathing or respiration is a process over which man has ......... control
a) no b) some c) little d) complete
29.The respiratory system is made up of the nose and nasal cavities, the pharynx, the
............, the bronchi and the lungs
a) trachea b) mouth c) passage d) cilia
30.Air enters the body through the nostrils and passes through the ...................
a) nasal cavities b) oral cavities c) tongue d) pharynx
31.Inside the nostrils are tiny hairs or ...........
a) cilia b) large hairs c) no hair
32.These hairs ......... or filter particles of dust and other undesirable foreign materials from
the air so that they do not enter the lungs
a) strain b) strike c) strengthen d) stroke
33.The nasal cavities are lined with a ................. which secretes or releases a somewhat
thick, sticky fluid called mucus
a) mucous membrane b) mucus c) sticky fluid d) thick fluid
34.The mucus as well as cilia collect ....... and foreign matters
a) dust b) dirt c) hair
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35.Together the nose and nasal cavities clean, ........, and warm the air before it enters the
lungs.
a) moisten b) moisture c) spoil
36.From the nasal .............., the air then moves into the pharynx
a) cavities b) passage c) line
37.When the air reaches the opening of the larynx, the .................... at the opening remains
open, allowing the air to pass into the larynx
a) flap of cartilage b) epiglottis c) passage d) both flap of cartilage and epiglottis
38.when food is swallowed,the epiglottis folds over the opening of the .......
a) pharynx b) larynx c) lung
39.When food starts down the wrong tube and causes the person to ......
a) choke b) cheat c) trick d) artichoke
40.This set off the coughing reflex, which helps to ...... the foreign substance from the
larynx.
a) welcome b) expel c) connect

UNIT6:
1. This chart of the …RESPIRATORY SYSTEM…. shows how you breathe.
Breathing is the process that brings oxygen in the air into your lungs and moves oxygen
and through your body. Our lungs remove the oxygen and pass it through our bloodstream,
where it's carried off to the tissues and organs that allow us to walk, talk, and move.
Our lungs also take carbon dioxide from our blood and release it into the air when we
breathe out.
2. The ……SINUSES…are hollow spaces in the bones of your head. Small openings
connect them to the nasal cavity. They help to regulate the temperature and humidity of the
air your breathe in, as well as to lighten the bone structure of the head and to give tone to
your voice.
3. The ……NASAL CAVITY……. (nose) is the best entrance for outside air into your
respiratory system. The hairs that line the inside wall are part of the air-cleansing system.
4. Air can also enters through your ……ORAL CAVITY……(mouth), especially if you
have a mouth-breathing habit or your nasal passages may be temporarily blocked.
5. The …ADENOIDS……are overgrown lymph tissues at the top of the throat. When your
adenoids interfere with your breathing, they are sometimes removed. The lymph system,
consisting of nodes (knots of cells) and connecting vessels, carries fluid throughout the
body. This system helps your body resist infection by filtering out foreign matter, including
germs, and producing cells (lymphocytes) to fight them.
6. The ……TONSILS…….are lymph nodes in the wall of your pharynx. Tonsils are not
an important part of the germ-fighting system of the body. If they become infected, they are
sometimes removed.

9
7. The ……PHARYNX………..(throat) collects incoming air from your nose and passes it
downward to your trachea (windpipe).
8. The …EPIGLOTTIS………is a flap of tissue that guards the entrance to your trachea. It
closes when anything is swallowed that should go into the esophagus and stomach.
9. The …LARYNX…………(voice box) contains your vocal cords. When moving air
is breathed in and out, it creates voice sounds.
10. The ……ESOPHAGUS………is the passage leading from your mouth and throat to
your stomach.
11. The ……TRACHEA…………….(windpipe) is the passage leading from your pharynx
to the lungs.
12. The ……RIBS…………..are bones supporting and protecting your chest cavity. They
move a small amount and help the lungs to expand and contract.
13. The trachea divides into the two main ……BRONCHI……. (tubes), one for each lung.
The bronchi, in turn, subdivide further into bronchioles.
14. The RIGHT LUNG is divided into three ……LOBES…., or sections.
15. The ………PLEURA………… are the two membranes that surround each lobe of your
lungs and separate the lungs from your chest wall.
16. The bronchial tubes are lined with ……CILIA……..(like very small hairs) that have a
wave-like motion.
17. This motion carries ……MUCUS…(sticky phlegm or liquid) upward and out into the
throat, where it is either coughed up or swallowed. The mucus catches and holds much of
the dust, germs, and other unwanted matter that has invaded your lungs. Your lungs get rid
of the mucus through coughing.
18. The …DIAPHRAGM…..is the strong wall of muscle that separates your chest cavity
from your abdominal cavity. By moving downward, it creates suction to draw in air and
expand the lungs.
19. The ……ALVEOLI………are the very small air sacs that are the destination of air that
you breathe in.
20. The ………CAPILLARIES………… are blood vessels that are imbedded in the walls
of the alveoli.
21. Blood passes through the capillaries, brought to them by the …PULMONARY
ARTERY……and taken away by the PULMONARY VEIN. While in the capillaries, the
blood moves carbon dioxide into the alveoli and takes up oxygen from the air in the alveoli.

UNIT 5:
1.The total amount of bone usually .........
A) varies little B) increases as bone ages
C) varies greatly from year to year D) lessens as stress increases
2.The organic matrix is ......... by osteoblastic activity
A) deposited B) repaired C) digested D) broken
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3.Deposition and absorption proceed at a faster pace in children's bones than in adults'
A) True B) False

4.Osteoclasts can form from ……....... , .............. , or even from ............. in the bone
marrow
A) osteocytes, osteoblasts, fibroblasts B) osteocytes, osteons, osteoblasts
C) osteocytes, fibroblasts, osteons D) osteocytes, osteoblast, osteons
5.When bone ages, it become relatively weak and ..... as the old matrix begins to
degenerate.
A) strong B) brittle C) hard D) rubber
6.osteoblasts secrete an organic material to form the collagen ....... and make up the organic
.... of the bone
A) fibers / matrix B) matrix / fibers C) calcium / phosphate D) phosphate / calcium
7.Bone ordinarily adjusts its strength in proportion to the degree of bone .........
A) stress B) marrow C) mass D) osteon
8.The continual deposition and absorption of bone has a number of ........ important
functions
A) physiologically B) physiological C) biologically D) biological
9.The new bone is laid down in ......... on the inner surface of the cavities until the hole is
filled up
A) successive layers B) relative leaves C) successive leaves D) relative layers
10.the rate of deposition and absorption are .............. to each other so that the total mass of
bone remains constant.
A) equal B) same C) similar D) different
11.At the end of this time the osteoclasts are connected to ......... and new bone begins to
develop
A) osteoblasts B) osteocytes C) osteons D) calcium
12.Osteocytes demolish new bone as it is being formed
A) True B) False
13.Bones grow stronger if they are under constant stress
A) True B) False
14.The strength of bone normally stays about the same because of the continual deposition
of new bone matrix
A) True B) False
15.Toughness of bone is maintained by the replacement of old material with new
A) True B) False
16.During osteoclastic activity, there is no deposition of new bone matrix

11
A) True B) False
17.A bone which is not used will become thin and decalcified
A) True B) False

18.When bone ages, it becomes relatively weak and brittle as the old matrix begins to .........
A) degenerate B) increase C) decrease D) generate
19.The osteocyte depends on the ......... to carry out its task
A) osteoblasts B) blood C) calcium salts D) osteon
20.Osteoclasts actually eat ......... in large areas of the bones
A) holes B) osteons C) parts D) callus
21.The strength of bone normally increases if stress on the bone ........
A) varies B) decreases C) increases D) stops
22.Continual physical stress stimulates ....... deposition of bone.
A) osteoblastic B) osteoblasts C) osteoclastic D) osteoclasts
23.Dissolving and absorbing bits of bone which are no longer important to the efficient
design of the skeleton is the task of .........
A) osteoclasts B) osteoblasts C) osteocytes D) osteon
24.The osteoclasts have the task of ....... and absorbing bits of bone that are no longer
important to the efficient design of the skeleton
A) dissolving B) dissolution C) precipitating D) precipitation
25.The normal toughness of bone is generally maintained by the constant formation of new
bone .........
A) matrix B) osteoclast C) osteoblast D) marrow
26.New bone is deposited in layers, one on top of another
A) True B) False
27.Continual physical stress stimulates ......... deposition of bone
A) osteoblastic B) osteoclastic C) osteocytic D) fibroclastic
28.Bone is deposited in proportion to a person's height
A) True B) False
29.bone absorption results from osteoclastic ........ that digest or dissolve the organic matrix
and cause the dissolution of the bone salts
A) secretion of acids B) production of calcium C) secretion of calcium D) production
of acids
30.When a bone is fractured, for the osteoblasts in the area are ..........
A) activated B) destroyed C) restored D) stored
31.Osteoblasts are found in most .......... of the bones and in many .........

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A) surfaces / cavities B) osteons/ marrow C) osteocytes/ osteoblasts D) salts/
capillaries
32.The matrix possesses special property, which cause ........ precipitation
A) calcium phosphate B) phosphate calcium C) bone salts D) deposition

33.After the callus has served its purpose, ........ slowly shave it away
A) osteoblasts B) osteoclasts C) osteocytes D) osteons
34.When the callus is no longer useful, it is dissolved by the osteoclasts
A) True B) False
35.Osteoclasts are found in the ......... of bone
A) outer layers B) hollow spaces C) calcium salts D) collagen fibers
36.The osteocyte is a former osteoblast that has been ........ in a tiny space within the bone
A) put B) trapped C) got D) pushed
37.Bones .......... when subjected to heavy loads
A) thicken B) thinnen C) weaken D) worsen
38.Osteoclasts destroy bone that is vital to the body
A) True B) False
39.Osteoclasts give off acids which help in the calcification of bone
A) True B) False
40.bones of athletes may become heavier than those of non-athletes because .........
A) athletes always weigh more than non-athletes B) athletes' bones remain thick and
normal calcified C) athletes' bones receive more stress D) athlete's bones are naturally
tougher
41.The organic matrix and the bone salts are absorbed .........
A) when the callus is formed B) at the same time
C) when the bone is subjected to heavy loads D) until the hole is filled up
42.Bone tends to be more brittle in old than in young people
A) True B) False
43.The osteocytes maintain the bone around it using repair materials it gets from the blood
flowing through nearby ........
A) capillaries B) veins C) marrow D) collagens
44.Decalcification is the result of .........
A) a bone fracture B) secretion of the osteoblasts
C) osteoclastic activity D) weakening of the bone

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ON TAP 123:
The knee and elbow joints are ___________
A .not movable b. Immovable c. very movable d. slightly movable

The ribcage is __________.

a.Straight b.triangular c.curved d.square

The special cells in the bone are called__________.

a.active cells b.marrow c.osteocytes d.lymphocytes

The stomach has the function of ______.

a.absorbing blood b.digesting food c.eating food d.holding foreign substances

The vertebral column _________ the spinal column.

a.goes around b.holds up c.divides d.completes

___________ is a branch of medicine dealing with the age and problems of aging .

a.obstetrics b.pediatrics c.geriatrics d.psychiatry

It is estimated that there are more than how many muscles in the human body?
600 300 100 400

2) Which of the following is NOT a muscle type in the human body?

Skeletal Elastic Smooth Cardiac

3) Skeletal muscles are held to the bones with the help of which of the following?
Tendons Cartilages Strands Gristle

4) Which muscles are also called involuntary muscles and are usually in sheets, or layers,
with one layer of muscle behind the other?
Skeletal Cardiac Smooth Elastic

5) The muscle that makes up the heart is called which of the following?
Cardiac Elastic Smooth Skeletal

The trachea, consisting mostly of horse-shoe-shaped …CARTILAGES….. is

a continuation of the larynx. The trachea divides into the right and the
left …BRONCHI….. which enter the lungs. Each bronchus divides and subdivides into
smaller and smaller bronchioles. The bronchioles lead into the ……ALVEOLI…. or tiny
air sacs of the lungs.
The right and the left lungs lie within the ……THORACIC CAGE………. on either side
of the heart. The contraction and expansion of the lungs is caused by diaphragmatic action.
14
The diaphragm, which is a sheet of muscle attached to the ribs and spinal column, contracts
and relaxes during …RESPIRATION…..

The active cells /bones /located /bone itself.

a.The active cells of the bones located outside the bone itself.
b.The active cells of the bones are located inside the bone itself.
c.The active cells of the bones are located on the bone itself.
d.The active cells of the bones located inside the bone itself.

The genes pass /certain traits /generation /another.

a.The genes pass on certain traits one generation to another.
b.The genes pass to certain traits from one generation to another.
c.The genes pass for certain traits from one generation another.
d.The genes pass on certain traits from one generation to another.

The nervous system /vital part /life /

a.The nervous system plays a vital part to our life activities
b.The nervous system play a vital part in our life activities
c.The nervous system play a vital part for our life activities
d.The nervous system plays a vital part in our life activities

UNIT3:

C.1. TRUE/FALSE
1. The human body is supported by the ligaments F

2. Osteocytes are cells in the hard outer layer of the bone. T

3. The tissue which holds bones together is tough. T

4. The backbone is made up of 33 vertebrae. T

5. Irregular bones are generally found in the hands, feet, and pelvic girdles etc... T

6. The active cells of the bones are located inside the bone itself. T

7. The bone marrow manufactures the white blood cells of the body. T

8. Calcium aids in the development of the hard proportion of the bone T

C.2. MULTIPLE CHOICE

15
1. The special cells in the bone are called
A. marrow B. Osteocytes C. active cells D. lymphocytes
2. The active portion of the bone is …..
A. around the bone B. outside the bone C. around the ligament D. inside the bone
3. The inner portion of the bone is called .
A. a sponge B. joints C. red blood cells D. marrow

4. The knee and the elbow joints are ….

A. slightly movable B. Immovable C. very movable D. not movable
6. The vertebral column…………. the spinal cord.
A. completes B. Divides C. goes around D. holds up
7. The ribcage is attached in the front to the…..
A. Rib B. Backbone C. Sacrum D. sternum
8. The thoracic cage must be movable to allow the lungs to
A. Collapse B. Shorten C. Enlarge D. contract
9.The rib cage is......
A. Square B. Curved C. Straight D. triangular
10. The brain is....
A. a shell B. a cord C. an organ D. a vertebra

1. The skeleton is made up of bones and it gives the body its (1) …SHAPE…….. …….and
form. Bones not only (2)……SUPPORT…. our bodies but also help to
(3) ……PROTECT…….. important organs. The skull protects the (4) …BRAIN…… .
The ribs protect the (5) ……LUNGS AND HEART…... The hips protect part of the
(6) ……………………… canal. The spine protects the (7) ……SPINAL CORD… . There
are different types of bones in our bodies.
2. The main support of the body is the (8) …BACKBONE…. or spine. It is made up of a
long row of small (9) …BONES…… joined to one another. It is found only in the
(10) ……NECK……. and trunk.
3. When a bone breaks, new cells begin to grow at the (11) …BROKEN. ends. More and
more new cells are (12) …………………….until finally the broken ends meet and
(13) …………………….. together.
4. To find out if a bone is broken. The doctor uses an (14) …X-RAY… machine. This
machine can photograph the (15) ……INSIDE……. of the body. The photograph it takes
are called (16) …X-RAY…. photographs. The (17) ……RIBS…can be seen clearly from
it.
5. There are more than (18) ……600……… muscles in your body. They make up the flesh
that lies between the (19) …SKIN…….
and the skeleton. They also push (20) ……FOOD………through the body and make the
(21) …BLOOD….. circulate.
6. The nervous system is made up of three parts: (22) ………THE BRAIN….., the spinal
cord and the nerves. All parts of the body are connected to the brain by nerves. This system

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controls all (23)…MUSCLE……. movement and also (24) ……CONTROLS……. your
senses.
7. The nervous system is very important because (25) ……WITHOUT…..it we will not be
able to feel, smell, taste, hear or see. The (26) …BRAIN…..is the most important part of
the nervous system. It (27) …CONTROLS…. the movements of the body and
(28) …SENDS OUT…instructions to all parts of the body.

UNIT2:
1. The basic unit of your body structure is …………………
A. the heart B. the gene C the cell D. the tissue
2. The outer layer of skin tissue is formed by …………………
A. the nucleus B. associated glands C. a great many skin cells D. connective
tissue
3. The stomach has the function of …………………
A. eating food B. digesting food C. holding foreign substances D. absorbing
blood
4. All cells are the same shape, but not all cells are the ..........size
A. big B. Alike C. Same D. different
5. A nucleus is found in most ………………….
A. membranes B. Substances C. Vacuoles D. cells
6. The gene lines in ………………….
A. the stomach B. the cell C. the heart D. the cell’s nucleus
7. The body grows through …………………
A. cell classification B. an Unknown mechanism C. cell division D. the action of
cytoplasm
8. All cells in our body are alike in that they …………………
A. contain acid B. are not surrounded by walls C. are fill up with cytoplasm D. are
rather big

C.I. TRUE/FALSE
1. The basic unit of our body is the tissue. F
2.Tissues are groups or combinations of cells. T
3 Food goes down into the stomach over the esophagus. T
4. Each 'cell is filled with a water-like substance called cytoplasm. F
5. The nucleus and the gene are the same structure. F
6. The genes pass on certain-traits from one generation to, another. T

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7. It is cells that control the stopping of the growth at maturity. T
UNIT1:
Write the right job in the blank

USE THESE WORDS:

academics
anaesthesiologist
General
Practitioner
ophthalmologist
paediatrician
pathologist
physicians
Psychiatrists
radiologist

Anaesthesia

Anaesthesia goes hand-in-hand with surgery. ……anaesthesiologist……………

cares for the patient before, during, and immediately after a medical procedure – their job is
to give the correct amount of anaesthetic (usually a gas or intravenous fluid (or both) that
makes the patient unconscious/insensitive to pain), and monitor the patient’s reactions since
anaesthesia can go wrong very quickly.

Academic Medicine

Clinical ……academics………….
are doctors who combine their work with research and teaching. This is possible across all
specialities, from anaesthesiology to public health. Clinical academics are employed by a
hospital (where they have clinical duties) and at a university (where they teach students and
conduct research). The research is usually patient-based, and data is collected from their
hospital.

General Internal Medicine

Doctors specialising in general medicine are called …………physicians…………….

,or internists. The ‘Internal’ label comes from the fact that internists do not operate, but
rather use other means to try to diagnose and treat diseases. General medicine is an
umbrella term consisting of many specialities (around 30), some of which are:

General Practice
The ……General Practitioner………………………

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(GP) is someone that most people have had contact with in their life. The first point of
contact for non-emergency medical problems, a GP can be seen as a filter in the medical
world. This requires a very broad knowledge of different diseases in different body systems
to allow the GP to quickly diagnose and refer patients. This does, as is the case with general
surgery, make it difficult to have in-depth knowledge in one specific area.

Ophthalmology

This is a speciality concerned with eyes and maintaining eyesight. In ophthalmology there
is less need for interaction with other healthcare providers.
An ……ophthalmologist…………………..

is responsible for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment and even surgery.

Paediatrics
A ……paediatrician…………………
acts as a GP for children, from birth to adulthood. A lot of time is spent on prevention of
problems, as well as assessment of growth and development. They must also relay
information to and from GPs, schools, social workers and other parties.

Pathology

Patient contact is limited in pathology; the main role of

a ………pathologist………………………lies in the lab. Examining human tissue under the
microscope, running and interpreting tests on blood or urine samples, and collecting patient
information to come to a diagnosis are the main duties

• Chemical Pathology – think test tubes.

• Histopathology – think microscopes.
• Medical Microbiology and Virology – deals with bacteria and viruses; think Petri
dishes and tissue culture.

Psychiatry
Psychiatry is concerned with the assessment, diagnosis and treatment of mental illness, as
well as behavioural and emotional disorders. ……psychiatrists…………………….work in
a variety of settings: hospitals, clinics, schools and more. As trained doctors, they can
prescribe and manage medication of their patients.
Radiology – Oncology

Radiology is traditionally diagnostic: the study of images of the body to confirm or make a
diagnosis. A ………radiologist………………………., therefore, looks at X-rays, CT scans
and more. With the introduction of interventional radiology, this role has now expanded to
include more patient contact.

Listen and fill in the blank

Woman: I’ve just been feeling really….. stressed………….lately. I’m shouting at my
family, and I start crying at the...... smallest….. .thing. I’m so tense all the time. Can you
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give me something to make me feel more….. relaxed…..?
Doctor: Well, I’m not the kind of doctor who will……….. prescribe…….drugs for
something that just requires a change in …lifestyle…... What do you do for pleasure these
days?
Woman: I don’t know. I watch some TV in the evenings.
Doctor: Do you get much exercise?
Woman: No. But I watch my ……weight…….. I don’t overeat.
Doctor: That’s not the point. Exercise isn’t just about losing weight. It’s
about ……relaxation……., getting some fresh air and being involved in an activity that you
have some control over. It helps you to clear your ……mind…. . So, what I want you to do
for the next week is do at least 30 minutes of ……physical………….activity every day. It
doesn’t matter what. Just so longs as you’re getting your ………heart……….rate up.

Choose the best answer

1. The branch of medicine that deals with and treats the essential natureof disease is
called______.
It is especially concerned with the structuraland functional changes In tissues and organs of
the body.
A .geriatrics b .ophthalmology c. pathology

2._____ is concerned with the study of the urinary tract and the genital organs. It is
concerned with the development of the kidney stone along with other urinary tract
problems.
a.Internal medicine b. ophthalmology c. urology

3.If someone wants to study the branch of medicine that deals with temporary loss of pain,
he should study _____. It is concerned especially with the loss of pain which permits
surgery or other painful;
procedures.
a.Internal medicine b.urology c. anesthesiology

4.If I have a skin rash or an itching of the skin, I might go to a doctor, who has specialized
in ______.
a.Urology b. anesthesiology c. dermatology

5.Diseases of the rectum are studied in ______

a.anesthesiology b. dermatology c. protology

6.If someone has pneumonia, he might be taken to a doctor who specializes in ______.
a. protology b. dermatology c.pulmonary

7.______ is a branch of medicine which deals with the use of radioactive; substances in the
diagnosis and treatment of diseases. It will make use of cobalt and X-ray treatment
a. radiology b. protology c. pulmonary
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8.The concern of _____ is with the restoration or reconstruction ofbody structure that is or
has been damaged by injury or by disease.
a. pulmonary b. plastic surgery c. radiology

9._______________ deals with the ears, nose, and throat

a. orthopedic surgery b. radiology c. Otolaryngology

10.His leg did not grow correctly and It is now deformed or malformed.His mother should
get him to a doctor who is a specialist in ______ .
a. orthopedic b. orthopedic surgery c. Otolaryngology

11.If someone wants to study the branch of medicine dealing with the development and
treatment of children and with the care of childhood diseases, he must study______.
a. Pediatrics b. orthopedics c. Otolaryngology

12.The specific area of medicine which deals with the management of pregnancy, labor, and
the treatment of the child after labor is known as______.
a. Obstetrics b. Pediatrics c. orthopedics

13.The study of the heart and its function Is called ' .

a.Pediatrics b. Cardiology c. Obstetrics

14.________is the treatment of disease by physical energy and skill. In this specialty an
operation is usually performed to correct a physical defect.
a. Cardiology b. Internal medicine c. surgery

15.The branch of medicine dealing with the study and treatment of the stomach, intestines
and colon is called______.
a. gastroenterology b. surgery c. Internal medicine

16.A specialist In matter pertaining to the heart and blood vessels isconcerned w ith______.
a. surgery b. physical medicine c. gastroenterology

17.uses physical means in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. It include the use of heat,
cold, water, light, electricity, manipulation, massage, exercise and mechanical devices.
........................
a. gastroenterology b. physical therapy c. Cardiovascular disease

18.Surgery which is done in the chest is known as______.

a. Cardiovascular disease b. thoracic surgery c. physical therapy

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19.The branch of medicine which deals the disorders of the organ of thought, judgment, and
emotion; the mental life including both conscious and unconscious processes Is______,
a. psychiatry b. physical therapy c. thoracic surgery

20.A ______is a person who has studied general medicine, but has not specialized in any
one branch.
a. psychiatry b. general practitioner c. thoracic surgery

21.The study of the nervous system is called____ .

a. psychiatry b. neurology c. general practitioner

22.The study and practice of______seeks to avoid disease by preventing it.

a. preventive medicine b. neurology c. general practitioner

23.____ is concerned with surgery of the nervous system.

a. preventive medicine b. neurological surgery c. neurology

24.The study and treatment of the disease of the female, particularly the genital, urinary or
rectal organs is______.
a. neurological surgery b. preventive medicine c. gynecology

25.The study of the disorders in thought of children is ____________ .

a. neurological surgery b. gynecology c. child psychiatry

26.__________ Is a condition produced by exposure to a particular substance. It Is an

exaggerated or abnormal reaction to substances, situations, or physical states harmful to
most people.
a. gynecology b. child psychiatry c. Allergy

27.___________Is the restoring to health of person physically handicapped.

a. child psychiatry b. Allergy c. rehibilitation

28.The study of drugs, their origin, nature, properties and their effect upon living organisms
is called________
a. Allergy b. pharmacology c. rehibilitation

29._______is a branch of medicine dealing with the age and problems of aging.
a. rehibilitation b. pharmacology c. geriatrics

30.If a person is having eye trouble, he had better see a specialist in_____
22
a. pharmacology b. ophthalmology c. geriatrics

ON 123
A _____ is a person who has studied general medicine, but has not specialized in any one
branch.
a.cardiologist b.nurse c.dermatologist d.general practitioner

All cells in our body are alike in that they______.

a.contain acid b.are not surrounded by walls
c.are rather big d.are fill up with cytoplasm

Calcium, which is a ______________ is necessary in the development of the body.

a.cell b.mineral c.tendon d.hard
Cartilage is a substance that __________ bones.
a.resembled b.resembling c.resembles d.resemble

Diseases of the rectum are studied in ______

a.dermatology b.radiology c.anesthesiology d.proctology

Each neuron contains a nucleus surrounded by ______.

a.protoplasm b.watery fluid c.cytoplasm d.a wall

The basic unit of your body structure is________.

a.the gene b.the cell c.the heart d.the tissue

The brain is __________.

a.a cord b.a shell c.a vertebra d.an organ

The gene lines in______.

a.the cell b.the cell's nucleus c.the stomach d.the heart

The ribcage is __________.

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a.curved b.square c.straight d.triangular

Bone tends /brittle /people.

a.Bone tend to be more brittle in old than In young people.
b.Bone tend to be more brittle old than young people.
c.Bone tends be more brittle old than young people.
d.Bone tends to be more brittle in old than In young people.

Each cell /filled / substance /cytoplasm.

a.Each cell is filled with a jelly-like cytoplasm substance .
b.Each cell is filled with a jelly-like substance called cytoplasm.
c.Each cell is filled with a jelly-like called cytoplasm substance.
d.Each cell filled with a jelly-like substance called cytoplasm.

Irregular bones /generally /hands, feet,and pelvic girdles etc...

a.Irregular bones have generally found on the hands, feet,and pelvic girdles etc...
b.Irregular bones are generally found in the hands, feet,and pelvic girdles etc...
c.Irregular bones are generally found in the hands, feet,and pelvic girdles etc...
d.Irregular bones have generally find on the hands, feet,and pelvic girdles etc...

The active cells /bones /located /bone itself.

a.The active cells of the bones located inside the bone itself.
b.The active cells of the bones located outside the bone itself.
c.The active cells of the bones are located inside the bone itself.
d.The active cells of the bones are located on the bone itself.

The genes pass /certain traits /generation /another.

a.The genes pass on certain traits one generation to another.
b.The genes pass to certain traits from one generation to another.

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c.The genes pass on certain traits from one generation to another.
d.The genes pass for certain traits from one generation another.
There are more than 200 …BONES…… in the human body at maturity. They are of three
principle types: long, flat and irregular. Long bones are of the kind found in the upper arms
and the lower arms, the thigh and legs and …COLLARBONES…… The breast-bone, the
ribs, and certain bones of the skull are called …FLAT BONES… Irregular bones are of
different sizes and shapes. Some irregular bones are found in the hands, feet, ears, pelvic
girdle and …SPINAL…. column.
Bones contains living cells. The hard outer portion of the bone contains special cells called
osteocytes. This outer bone is largely made up of a ……MINERAL... called calcium.

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