Chapter 4

PSSR
EFFECTIVE HUMAN
RELATIONSHIP ONBOARD
Chapter 4
1. Interpersonal relationship
2. Team building
3. Team work
Chapter4/PSSR chenck/am/apr2009/PSSR 1
2.1 Interpersonal relationship
(IPR)
Good relationship onboard
 Makes life less stressful

 More comfortable
 More healthy
 Less prone to accidents
Effects of Stress
Physical Emotional
 Headaches  Anger
 Dry mouth  Fear
 Tensing of Muscles  Depression
 Fatigue  Anxiety
Effects of Stress
Behavioural Thinking Process
 Easily irritated  Poor concentration
 Short temper  Forgetfulness
 Sleeping difficulty  Indecision
 Change in appetite  Negative thoughts
Reducing Stress
Here are some steps to reduce stress
 Acknowledge it (stress)
 Your body responds to stress by

 Increased heart rate
 Rapid breathing
 Tightening of muscles
 Knotted stomach
 Sweaty palms etc
Reducing Stress
Get things into perspectives, don’t make
mountain out of mole hills.
Ask yourself these questions

 Is my stress condition really that bad?
 Can I do anything about it?
 Does it really matter if I don’t do it today?
 In a weeks, months or a years time, are such
stress levels worth it ?
Reducing Stress
Go for a warm bath to relax, it could
help
Reducing Stress
Exercise, it is good for you
Reducing Stress
Learn to look at the funny side of things
 Laugh don’t take life seriously, you just
have one
Reducing Stress
Listen to music
 effects your mood
and energy levels,
and is soothing
Others stress reducing factors
 Be positive in your attitude.
 Do not be a perfectionist. You are allowed

to make mistakes.
 Have quality sleep etc
Elements to better relationship
 Policies of a company
 Clarity of responsibilities
 Function of shipboard management
 Structure and flow of authority
 Understanding overall needs

 Individual / ship needs
 Company needs
 Social needs
Company Policies
Know the policies of your company
 Goals, objectives etc
 Understanding them
will provide you with a
sense of purpose
Clarity of Responsibilities
Know your role and
responsibility onboard
the ship
Respect
Ships today have multi cultural crews
You must learn to respect their
 Individuality
 Values
 Culture
 Work culture
Communication
 Open communication will enhance IPR
 Talking with sincerity builds trust
 A relationship always starts with good
communication
 Better IPR will arise when crew

 Talk with one another more freely
 Whether off or on duty
Improving IPR
Methods to improve IPR
 Introduce yourself & understand each other
 This helps begin a

positive relationship
Improving PR
Introduction is
 First step in communication
 People like to know more about you
 Don’t be shy
Improving PR
 Show commitment
 Commitment leads to
 trust
 added responsibility
Improving PR
 Value individual differences
 Caused by
 Our upbringing
 Our exposure
 Value a persons point of view
Team Building
Shipboard operation is team work.
Effectiveness of work depends upon the

effectiveness of team member.
 Team work helps in
better decision making
Importance of team roles
Team work ensures you share the same
 Goals/aims and objectives
 Each member must know his place and what to
do onboard when required
 Synergize
Barriers to team work
No shared values
 Different objectives
 Each one for himself
 Inflexible behaviour of members (stubborn)
 Not prepared to give and take
 Selfish reasons
 Group's
 Each group has its own goals and agendas
 Company’s values lost in the group
 Status/ego problems
 Think he is the No.1
 Not willing to
 Listen
 Co-operate
 Synergize
 Communicate etc
Hidden agendas
 Own goals and objectives
 Lack of commitment
 Selfish
Communication
 Unable to ‘talk’ to people
 ‘talk at’ rather than ‘talk to’
 unclear instructions
 indecisions
Physical and environmental problems
 Quick temper
 Stammering
 Fatigue
 Machineries not working
as required
Poor human interpersonal skills caused
by
 Biases
 A bullying mentality
 Will affect morale and
confidence
Team work
Essential because
 Company have only a small pool of people

distributed throughout the world
 When undergoing voyage, ship can undergo

severe climatic changes. Weather could affect
a persons behaviour.
Importance of team work
 Ships are operated on 24 hour cycle and crew
may be called to work at any time. (shift work)
 Rest essential for good teamwork
Importance of team work
 Work safely – responsibly and with flexibility, numerous
operations are performed simeltaneously
 Ships work is diverse – some examples
 Watch keeping and maintenance of machinery
 Cargo operations and survey work
 Drydocking repairs and taking provisions
Understand orders and be
understood
Fundamentals of communication
 Good communication is essential for
 Safety and prevention of pollution on board
 Communicating the right way leads to
 Co-operation
 Increased safety
 Language therefore becomes important for

 Transmitting ideas, views & instructions
Methods of Communication
Basics of communication
 Sender
 Receiver
 Modes of communication
 Methods of transmission
 Barriers to communication
 Feedback is essential
Barriers to communication
There are barriers to each step of the
communication process e.g
 Transmitter perception/conceptualization
 The person who is transmitting
is not clear of what he is trying to
communicate
 Transmitter capability
 The person is unable to transmit his orders

clearly for all to understand
 Unable to speak well
 Unable to write well
 Poor command of the language
 Receiver’s capability
 The receiver should be able to
 Understand the language used
 Pay attention and listen
 Understand the concept
 Provide feedback that he understood
 Feedback forms an important part of

communication
Effective transmission skills
 Effectiveness in communication primarily
lies with the sender
 Sender should define the purpose of the

particular communication
 Time, place and person addressed is

important in communication
Time
 Always choose the right time to communicate
 It may be in the morning just before work commence
 May be just before an important job
 May be in the evening
 Avoid communication when people are resting
 Always choose a suitable time for both parties
Choose the right place

to communicate
 Office, control room, workshop etc

 Quite and conducive environment
 Your staff can pay full attention to you
 Avoid rest periods, lunch time, dinner, etc
 Time to eat, time to relax and enjoy the music,
 Time to listen to your instructions and work
 Communicate with the right person
 Speak to the person in charge of the job so that

he can delegate
 Giving instructions to too many people may

upset organisational structure
 Avoid communicating with too many people so

that goals of communication remain intact
Effective listening skills
 Listening is the responsibility
of the receiver
 A question – difference between hearing
and listening
 Difference between hearing and listening
 Listening comes with understanding
 Hearing may not come with understanding
 Learning to listen is a skill
Effective listening skill
 Sometimes people don’t listen well because
 People can listen at 1000 words per minute

 However we can only speak about 150 words per minute
 There is 850 wpm difference (idle time)
 The mind therefore wanders, becomes distracted
 This idle time must be combined with body language or
other signals to assist the speaker
Effects and consequences of wrong
communication
 Wrong communication can affect safety of
life
 It can cause human problems and damage

relationships onboard
 Improper communication causes stress,

loss of time, loss of resources
Summary of communication
 Effective communication creates conducive
atmosphere for
 Safe working, happy living, sociable relationship
 Help change bad habits, bad values & attitudes
End,
Any Questions ?

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PSSR

 Makes life less stressful

 Less prone to accidents

 Your body responds to stress by

Ask yourself these questions

 Do not be a perfectionist. You are allowed

 Have quality sleep etc

 Function of shipboard management

 Structure and flow of authority

 Understanding overall needs

 Goals, objectives etc

 Better IPR will arise when crew

 This helps begin a

 Value a persons point of view

Effectiveness of work depends upon the

 Company have only a small pool of people

 When undergoing voyage, ship can undergo

 Cargo operations and survey work

 Drydocking repairs and taking provisions

 Language therefore becomes important for

 The person is unable to transmit his orders

 Feedback forms an important part of

 Sender should define the purpose of the

 Time, place and person addressed is

 Always choose a suitable time for both parties

Choose the right place

 Office, control room, workshop etc

 Speak to the person in charge of the job so that

 Giving instructions to too many people may

 Avoid communicating with too many people so

 People can listen at 1000 words per minute

 It can cause human problems and damage

 Improper communication causes stress,

 Safe working, happy living, sociable relationship

 Help change bad habits, bad values & attitudes

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