10

English
Quarter 3
Module 2: Lesson 3
Use a Variety of Informative, Persuasive
and Argumentative Writing Techniques
English – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 2, Lesson 3: Use a Variety of Argumentative Writing Techniques
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education – Region III

Regional Director: May B. Eclar, PhD, CESO III
Assistant Regional Director: Rhoda T. Razon, EdD, CESO IV

Development Team of the Module

Author: Michelle D. Graza
Editor: Oscar L. Tambalque, Jr.
Reviewer: Marlyn Gerio, Glenn Agustin, Aisee Almario
Erwin Iruma, Roland Suarez
Layout Artist: Michelle D. Graza
Management Team:
Librada M. Rubio, PhD
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Marcos C. Vizon

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Region III

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City of San Fernando (P)
Telefax: (045) 598-8580 to 89; (045) 402-7003 to 05
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 10

English
Quarter 3
Module 2: Lesson 3
Use a Variety of Informative,
Persuasive and Argumentative Writing
Techniques
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the English 10 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Using

a Variety of Informative, Persuasive and Argumentative Writing Techniques.

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or
facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum
while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them
to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and
assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

i
For the learner:

Welcome to the English 10 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Using

a Variety of Informative, Persuasive and Argumentative Writing Techniques.

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often
used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create
and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

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 What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also tends retention
of learned concepts.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
7. Write all your answers in a separate sheet of paper.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

iii
 What I Need to Know

To help you develop critical thinking, as well as the ability to develop and
logically defend a position, this module was designed and written with you in
mind. It is here to help you acquire rhetorical skills such as emphasizing the
importance of an issue or the potential outcomes of a particular policy using varied
techniques. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different
learning situations especially in the new normal education. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to
follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them
can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module is divided into three lessons, namely:

 Lesson 1 – Informative Writing Technique
 Lesson 2 – Persuasive Writing Technique
 Lesson 3 – Argumentative Writing Technique

After going through this lesson, you are expected to:

1. know the different argumentative writing techniques;
2. recognize appropriate argumentative writing technique to be employed in
a certain issue / scenario; and,
3. use variety of techniques in writing an argumentative essay.

What I Know
Directions: This part serves as your pre-test which will determine your
background and prior knowledge about the lesson that we are going to tackle.
Answer the questions honestly by choosing the letter of the correct answer. Write
the chosen letter in a separate sheet of paper.

1. What is an argument?
A. a claim that has logic and facts C. a claim that tells ones opinion
B. a claim that has feelings in it D. a claim that tells a story
2. What is a hook or lead?
A. a sentence that has the main idea of an essay
B. a sentence that ends the paper
C. a sentence that gets the reader's attention
D. a sentence that explains the point of an essay

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3. What is a claim?
A. It is an attention getter sentence. C. It is the counterargument.
B. It is the main idea of an essay. D. It is your view on a topic
4. What is a counterclaim?
A. It’s the opponent's claim. C. It’s the ending of an essay.
B. It’s the refutation / rebuttal. D. It’s the author’s position.
5. What is a rebuttal?
A. It is the evidence against the counterclaim.
B. It is author’s position.
C. It is the return to your claim
D. It is the conclusion.
6. What are the three main parts of an argumentative essay?
A. introduction, body, conclusion C. claim, counterclaim, rebuttal
B. lead, thesis, conclusion D. beginning, middle, end
7. What argumentative writing technique argues that something has caused /
led something else to a particular problem?
A. causal argument C. proposal argument
B. evaluation argument D. rebuttal argument
8. What argumentative writing technique is used when you make your case by
telling a story with a clear point related to your argument?
A. proposal argument C. narrative argument
B. rebuttal argument D. definition argument
9. When an author recognizes ideas from those who may oppose, what
argumentative writing technique is used?
A. evaluation argument C. proposal argument
B. rebuttal argument D. causal argument
10. What argumentative writing technique is used in this statement:
Although the Hercules Shoe Company is nonpolluting and provides a socially
useful product, it is not a socially responsible company because it treats its
workers unjustly?
A. causal argument C. evaluation argument
B. definition argument D. narrative argument

2
Lesson Argumentative Writing
3 Techniques
To give an argument is to provide set of premises as reasons for accepting
the conclusion. To give an argument is not necessarily to attack or criticize
someone. Arguments can also be used to support other people's viewpoints.

Argumentation is not just what teachers do. We all use argumentation on a

daily basis, and probably, you already have some skills at making an argument,
you are not just aware about it. The same way, the techniques of argument are not
foreign to you. You, as well, use them and have used them all the time in your daily
life. What you may not be as familiar or comfortable with is making arguments in
writing.

There are varied argumentative writing techniques. In this lesson, some of

the common argumentative techniques, that if incorporated into your essay will
make your writing more persuasive and effective, will be discussed.

What’s In
Directions: Identify the persuasive technique used in the following advertising
slogans. Choose the letter of your answer from the choices below and write it on a
separate sheet of paper.

A. ETHOS B. LOGOS C. PATHOS

1. _______________ 2. _______________

3. _______________

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 What’s New
Directions: Match the examples in column A to the parts/features of an
argumentative essay in column B. Write the letter that corresponds to your answer
on a separate sheet of paper.

_____1. Studies have shown that teenagers and A. Introduction

adults alike have been hooked to online
gaming to the point of being addicted to it. B. Background
_____2. In light of the figures and medical records
cited, excessive online gaming can do more C. Thesis Statement
harm than good to those …
What then can we do? Here are some … D. Reasons
_____3. Little did they know that excessive online
gaming can lead to physical, emotional and E. Counterarguments
mental harm.
_____4. There are those, however, who argue that F. Refutation
online gaming can actually be beneficial …
_____5. Still, the harmful effects of excessive online G. Conclusion
gaming is ...
_____6. Physically, prolonged use of the computer
may lead to … Emotionally, excessive gaming
can take its toll ...

What is It

An argumentative essay is one that makes a clear assertion or argument

about some topics or issues. When you’re writing an argumentative essay, it’s
important to remember that an academic argument is quite different from a
regular, emotional argument.

In an academic argument, you’ll have a lot more constraints to consider, and

you’ll focus much more on logic and reasoning than emotions.

Argumentative essays are quite common in academic writing and are often
an important part of writing in all disciplines. You may be asked to take a stand on
a social issue in your introduction to writing course, you could also be asked to
take a stand on an issue related to health care in a nursing course or make a case
for solving a local environmental problem in your biology class. Whatever the case,
having some knowledge of some basic argumentative techniques or strategies will
be helpful as you write.

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 ARGUMENTATIVE WRITING TECHNIQUES

1. Causal Arguments

In this type of argument, you argue that something has caused

something else. For example, you might explore the causes of the decline of
large mammals in the world’s ocean and make a case for your cause.

2. Evaluation Arguments

In this type of argument, you make an argumentative evaluation of

something as “good” or “bad,” but you need to establish the criteria for
“good” or “bad.” For example, you might evaluate a children’s book for your
education class, but you would need to establish clear criteria for your
evaluation for your audience.

3. Proposal Arguments

In this type of argument, you must propose a solution to a problem.

First, you must establish a clear problem and then propose a specific
solution to that problem. For example, you might argue for a proposal that
would increase retention rates at your college.

4. Narrative Arguments

In this type of argument, you make your case by telling a story with a
clear point related to your argument. For example, you might write a
narrative about your experiences with standardized testing in order to make
a case for reform.

5. Rebuttal Arguments

In a rebuttal argument, you build your case around refuting an idea

or ideas that have come before. In other words, your starting point is to
challenge the ideas of the past.

6. Definition Arguments

In this type of argument, you use a definition as the starting point for
making your case. For example, in a definition argument, you might argue
that NCAA basketball players should be defined as professional players and,
therefore, should be paid.

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 What’s More

A. LET’S RECALL
Directions: Identify what argumentative writing technique is being described in
the following statements. Choose your answers from the word pool below and
write your answers in a separate sheet of paper.

A. Causal Argument C. Proposal Argument E. Rebuttal Argument

B. Evaluation Argument D. Narrative Argument F. Definition Argument

______________1. An argumentative writing technique that asserts we cannot

make clear assertions or possess a clear understanding of an
issue until we understand exactly what the terms mean.
______________2. This technique attempts to present reasons and evidence for
why an argument is not true.
______________3. In this technique, one uses a story, usually presented in
chronological order, to make some kind of point.
______________4. This argumentative writing technique relies on judgements
and appraisals, often regarding quality or performance.
______________5. This is a structure of argument that focuses on presenting
some kind of proposal as a solution to a problem, outlining
the details of the proposal, and providing good reasons to
support the proposal.

B. GUESS WHAT
Directions: Read and analyze the statements below and identify what
argumentative writing technique is applicable for each. Write your answers in a
separate sheet of paper.

______________1. An argumentative essay about climate change. But instead of

presenting statistics, it tells a story of one geographic location
that has experienced some negative effects of climate change.
______________2. An argumentative essay arguing that school uniforms would
create more school unity and pride. However, still considers
that school uniforms also undermine personal creativity and
individuality for students.
______________3. An argumentative essay explaining why Facebook remains
popular despite privacy complaints.
______________4. An argumentative essay arguing that both friends should go
see a particular movie.
______________5. An argumentative essay about Magnifico, being one of the
finest film ever made in the Philippines.

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 What I Have Learned
Directions: To check what you have learned from this module, complete the
concept map below. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

Causal Argument
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
________________________
____________________
____________________ ____________________
__________________
Make an
Use a definition as argumentative
the starting point for evaluation of
making a case something as “good”
or “bad”

Argumentative
Writing Techniques

Rebuttal Argument Proposal Argument

____________________ ____________________
____________________ ____________________
____________________ ____________________
____________________ ____________________
_______________ _______________

_____________________________
___________________________
Make case by telling a story
with a clear point related to
your argument.

7
 What I Can Do
A. Directions: Given the topic, Does Social Media Fame Impact One’s Life?,
make an outline of your claim and argument using the graphic organizer
below.

BUILDING AN ARGUMENT

Here’s what I think: ____________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

Here are my reasons: Evidences to back-up: Counterarguments:

1. ____________________ 1. ____________________ You could argue that:

____________________ ____________________ _________________________
____________________ ____________________ _________________________
2. ____________________ 2. ____________________ _________________________
____________________ ____________________
____________________ ____________________ But here’s the weakness:
3. ____________________ 3. ____________________ _________________________
_________________________
____________________ ____________________
_________________________
____________________ ____________________

B. Directions: Using the outline you have accomplished above, write an

argumentative essay discussing in detail your stance and arguments on the
given topic. Be guided by the rubric below.

SCORING RUBRIC

Criteria Points
Introduction
10
(Background/ Thesis Statement)
Main Points
15
(Reason/Counterarguments/Refutation)
Conclusion 10

Work Cited 5
Mechanics
10
(Sentence Structure, Punctuation and Capitalization)
TOTAL 50 points

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 Assessment
Directions: Answer the questions honestly by choosing the letter of the correct
answer. Write the chosen letter in a separate sheet of paper.

1. What makes up an argumentative essay?

A. introduction, body, conclusion C. claim, counterclaim, rebuttal
B. lead, thesis, conclusion D. beginning, middle, end
2. In an argumentative essay, how should a claim be defined?
A. It is an attention getter sentence. C. It is the counterargument.
B. It is the main idea of an essay. D. your views on a topic.
3. Which of the following best define an argument?
A. It’s a claim that has logic and facts. C. It’s a claim that tells an opinion.
B. It’s a claim that has feelings in it. D. It’s a claim that tells a story.
4. Which of the choices below is another term for rebuttal?
A. counterargument C. return to a claim.
B. author’s position D. conclusion
5. Which of the following refers to a hook or lead?
A. a sentence that has the main idea of an essay
B. a sentence that ends the paper
C. a sentence that gets the reader's attention
D. a sentence that explains the point of an essay
6. What is a counterclaim?
A. an opponent's claim C. an ending of an essay
B. a refutation / rebuttal D. an author’s position
7. What argumentative writing technique is used when an author makes a case
by telling a story with a clear point related to his/her argument?
A. proposal argument C. narrative argument
B. rebuttal argument D. definition argument
8. What argumentative writing technique does an author used when it argues
that something has caused / led something else to a particular problem?
A. causal argument C. proposal argument
B. evaluation argument D. rebuttal arguments
9. What argumentative writing technique used in this statement:
Although the Hercules Shoe Company is nonpolluting and provides a socially
useful product, it is not a socially responsible company because it treats its
workers unjustly?
A. causal argument C. evaluation argument
B. definition argument D. narrative argument
10. If an author recognizes ideas from those who may oppose, what
argumentative writing technique is being used?
A. evaluation argument C. proposal argument
B. rebuttal argument D. causal argument

9
 Additional Activity

WRITING PROMPT!
Directions: Choose a writing prompt from the list below that you wish to write
about. Then, write your argumentative response to the chosen prompt and discuss
the counterargument in a separate sheet of paper. Be guided by the rubric below.

Is distance learning better than face to face learning?

Should online games be considered a sport?

Can technology help mitigate the impact of COVID-19 in the

education
system?

CRITERIA 10 8 6 4

Well- Introductory Introduction Thesis and/or

developed paragraph states the problem is
introductory contains some thesis but vague or
paragraph background does not unclear.
contains information adequately
INTRODUCTION detailed and states the explain the
Background/ History background problem, but background of
Define the Problem information, a does not the problem.
Thesis Statement clear explain using The problem
explanation or details. States is stated, but
definition of the thesis of lacks detail.
the problem, the paper.
and a thesis
statement.

Three or more Three or more Three or more Less than

main points main points main points, three main
are well are present but all lack points, with
developed but may lack development. poor
with detail and Refutation development
supporting development paragraph of
MAIN POINTS details. in one or two. missing ideas. Refutat
Body Paragraphs Refutation Refutation and/or vague. ion missing or
Refutation paragraph paragraph vague.
acknowledges acknowledges
the opposing the opposing
view, and view, but
summarizes doesn't
their main summarize
points. points.

10
 Conclusion Conclusion Conclusion Conclusion
summarizes summarizes summarizes does not
the main main main topics, adequately
topics without topics. Some but is summarize
repeating suggestions repetitive. No the main
previous for change are suggestions points. No
sentences; evident. for change suggestions
CONCLUSION
writer's and/or for change or
opinions and opinions are opinions are
suggestions included. included.
for change are
logical and
well thought
out.

Source Source Source Lacks sources

material is material is material is and/or
smoothly used. All used, but sources are
integrated into sources are integration not accurately
the text. All accurately may be documented.
sources are documented, awkward. All Format is
accurately but a few are sources are incorrect for
WORKS CITED documented not in the accurately all sources.
in the desired desired documented,
format on the format. but many are
Works Cited not in the
page. desired
format.

Sentence Sentence Work contains Work contains

structure is structure is structural multiple
correct. generally weaknesses incorrect
Punctuation correct. Some and sentence
MECHANICS and awkward grammatical structures.
Sentence Structure capitalization sentences do errors. There There are four
Punctuation & are correct. appear. There are three or or more errors
Capitalization are one or two four errors in in
errors in punctuation punctuation
punctuation and/or and/or
and/or capitalization. capitalization.
capitalization.

11
 12
What I Have
Guess What
Learned
1. D 3. A 5. B
What I Answers may vary
2. E 4. C
Know Assessment
1. A What’s
What I Can Do 1. C
2. C More
What’s 2. D
3. D (Let’s
Answers may vary New 3. A
4. A Recall)
4. C
5. A 1. B 1. F 5. C
6. C 2. G 2. E 6. A
What’s In
7. A 3. C 3. D 7. C
8. C 1. Logos 4. E 4. B 8. A
9. B 2. Ethos 5. F 5. C 9. B
10. B 3. Pathos 6. D 10. B
Answers Key
References

Irvin, L. (n.d.). Writing and Grammar Resource. Retrieved January 12, 2021,
from https://lirvin.net/WGuides/argue.htm

Worksheet Viewer. (n.d.). Retrieved January 12, 2021, from

https://www.easyteacherworksheets.com/pages/pdf/languagearts/pe
rsuasive/17.html

Argumentative Essay. (2018, September 11). Excelsior College OWL.

https://owl.excelsior.edu/rhetorical-styles/argumentative-essay/

Rebuttal Examples. (n.d.). Copyright 2005-, Softschools.Com. Retrieved

January 12, 2021, from
https://www.softschools.com/examples/literary_terms/rebuttal_exa
mples/545/

Rubric for the Assessment of the Argumentative Essay. (n.d.). Retrieved

January 22, 2021, from
http://sites.fas.harvard.edu/%7Eede104d1/rubrics/Rubric%20for%2
0the%20Assessment%20of%20the%20Argumentative%20Essay.htm

13
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Office Address: Diosdado Macapagal Government Center, Maimpis,

City of San Fernando (P)
Telefax: (045) 598-8580 to 89; (045) 402-7003 to 05
E-mail Address: region3@deped.gov.ph