PSAD 2:

BEAM SHEAR AND

FLEXURE
SHEAR & FLEXURE ONLY Reduction Factor, 𝜑
𝜑𝑉𝑛 ≥ 𝑉𝑢 2001 - 𝜑=0.85
2010/2015, 𝜑=0.75
Nominal shear strength, Vn
R R
𝑉𝑛 = 𝑉𝑐 + 𝑉𝑠

Nominal shear Provided by the stirrup (Vs)

Vu, cri
𝐴𝑣 𝐹𝑦𝑡 𝑑
𝑉𝑠 = Vu, cri
𝑠
Nominal shear Provided by the Concrete (Vc)

𝑉𝑐 = 0.17λ 𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑏𝑤 𝑑 dV=Wud

𝑉𝑐 = 0.17λ 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 0.8𝐷
D=Diameter

λ =1.0 for normal weight concrete

λ =0.85 for sand weight concrete
λ =0.75 for light weight concrete
 Wu 𝑊𝑢 (𝑙𝑛 − 2𝑑)
𝑉𝑢 𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 =
2
𝑊𝑢 𝑙𝑛 2𝑊𝑢 𝑑
R
𝑉𝑢 𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 = −
R 2 2

𝑉𝑢 𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 𝑅𝑛 − 𝑊𝑢 𝑑
Vu, cri

Vu, cri

Ln-2d
Strength Requirement:
𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦𝑡 𝑑 𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦𝑡 𝑑
𝑉𝑠 = 𝑠≤
𝑠 𝑉𝑠

Minimum Shear area requirement:

𝑏 𝑠 𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦𝑡
𝐴𝑣, 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.35 𝑓𝑤 𝑠≤ , If f’c<31.87
𝑦𝑡 0.35𝑏𝑤
𝑏𝑤 𝑠 𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦𝑡
𝐴𝑣, 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.062 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 𝑠≤ , If f’c>31.87
𝑓𝑦𝑡 0.062 𝑓′ 𝑐𝑏𝑤

Maximum Shear
𝑉𝑠,𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.66 𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑏𝑤 𝑑

Additional Requirement:
𝑑
𝑠 ≤ 2 𝑠 ≤ 600
SUMMARY OF PROVISION FOR WEB REINFORCEMENT (2010 NSCP)

1 1 𝑉𝑠 ≤ 0.33 𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑏𝑤 𝑑 and

𝜑𝑉 < 𝑉𝑢 ≤ 𝜑𝑉𝑐 0.33 𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑏𝑤 𝑑 < 𝑉𝑠 < 0.66 𝑓′𝑐𝑏𝑤 𝑑
𝑉𝑢 ≤ 𝜑𝑉𝑐 2 𝑐 𝑉𝑢 ≤ 3𝜑𝑉𝑐
2
𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦𝑡 𝑑
𝑠≤
𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦𝑡 𝑉𝑠
𝑠≤
Stirrups are 0.062 𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑏𝑤 𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦𝑡 𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦𝑡 𝑑
not required 𝑠≤ 𝑠≤
0.35𝑏𝑤 𝑉𝑠
𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦𝑡
𝑠≤ 𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦𝑡
0.35𝑏𝑤 𝑠≤
0.062 𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑏𝑤 𝑑
𝑠≤
4
𝑑 𝑑
𝑠≤ 𝑠≤
2 2
𝑠 ≤ 300
𝑠 ≤ 600 𝑠 ≤ 600

𝑉𝑠 > 0.66 𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑏𝑤 𝑑 Increase member dimension

No. of legs??
Problem 1: A simply supported beam 6m long is 300mm wide with an effective depth of 500mm. It supports a total
factored uniform load of 120kN/m. f’c=28MPa and Fyt=275MPa. Use 2010/2015NSCP.
a. Calculate the factored shear at critical section.
b. Find the nominal shear strength provided by concrete.
Problem 1: A simply supported beam 6m long is 300mm wide with an effective depth of 500mm. It supports a total
factored uniform load os 120kN/m. f’c=28MPa and Fyt=275MPa. Use 2010/2015NSCP.
c. When the shear reinforcement is required, determine the minimum reinforcement area, set by the code, if
spacing is 250mm.
d. Find the distance from supports where stirrups are no longer required.

V, cri

Vu
Problem 1: A simply supported beam 6m long is 300mm wide with an effective depth of 500mm. It supports a total
factored uniform load os 120kN/m. f’c=28MPa and Fyt=275MPa. Use 2010/2015NSCP.
e. Calculate the theoretical spacing of 10mm dia. Stirrups using the shear at critical section.
SUMMARY OF PROVISION FOR WEB REINFORCEMENT (2010 NSCP)

1 1 𝑉𝑠 ≤ 0.33 𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑏𝑤 𝑑 and

𝜑𝑉 < 𝑉𝑢 ≤ 𝜑𝑉𝑐 0.33 𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑏𝑤 𝑑 < 𝑉𝑠 < 0.66 𝑓; 𝑐𝑏𝑤 𝑑
𝑉𝑢 ≤ 𝜑𝑉𝑐 2 𝑐 𝑉𝑢 ≤ 3𝜑𝑉𝑐
2
𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦𝑡 𝑑
𝑠≤
𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦𝑡 𝑉𝑠
𝑠≤
Stirrups are 0.062 𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑏𝑤 𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦𝑡 𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦𝑡 𝑑
not required 𝑠≤ 𝑠≤
0.35𝑏𝑤 𝑉𝑠
𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦𝑡
𝑠≤ 𝐴𝑣 𝑓𝑦𝑡
0.35𝑏𝑤 𝑠≤
0.062 𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑏𝑤 𝑑
𝑠≤
4
𝑑 𝑑
𝑠≤ 𝑠≤
2 2
𝑠 ≤ 300
𝑠 ≤ 600 𝑠 ≤ 600

𝑉𝑠 > 0.66 𝑓 ′ 𝑐𝑏𝑤 𝑑 Increase member dimension

Problem 2: A reinforced concrete beam is 300mm wide with an effective depth of 500mm. F’c=21MPa and
Fy=275MPa.The section is to be reinforced for shear using 10mm dia. Stirrups. Apply necessary provision spacing
limit.
a. Calculate the required stirrup spacing if the factored shear at critical section is Vu=100kN.
Problem 2: A reinforced concrete beam is 300mm wide with an effective depth of 500mm. F’c=21MPa and
Fy=275MPa.The section is to be reinforced for shear using 10mm dia. Stirrups. Apply necessary provision spacing
limit.
b. Calculate the required stirrup spacing if the factored shear at critical section is Vu=215kN.
Problem 2: A reinforced concrete beam is 300mm wide with an effective depth of 500mm. F’c=21MPa and
Fy=275MPa.The section is to be reinforced for shear using 10mm dia. Stirrups. Apply necessary provision spacing
limit.
c. Calculate the required stirrup spacing if the factored shear at critical section is Vu=350kN.
Problem 3: Beam dimension b x h = 350mm x 450mm
Effective cover of steel reinforcement =75mm Main steel, Fyl=415MPa
Concrete, f’c=27.5MPa Stirrup, fyt=275MPa
a. If the beam is reinforced with 3 legs of 10mm diameter stirrups spaced at 90mm on center, determine the shear
strength, Vu (kN), of the beam?
Problem 3: Beam dimension b x h = 350mm x 450mm
Effective cover of steel reinforcement =75mm Main steel, Fyl=415MPa
Concrete, f’c=27.5MPa Stirrup, fyt=275MPa
b. To develop shear strength of 375kN, find the spacing (mm) of 16mm diameter stirrups, consisting of 3 legs.
c. Determine the allowable maximum spacing (mm) of 2 legs o 10mm diameter stirrpus.
Problem 4: Beam dimension b x h = 400mm x 600mm Ast=8 – 32 mm diameter bars
Clear cover to 12mm diameter laterial ties=40mm Fy=415MPa
Concrete, f’c=28MPa
Due to reversal lateral force, the design axial load due to combined effect of DL,LL, and WL change as follows:
For WL to the (+) X direction: For WL to the (-)X direction:
Mu= -420kN-m Vu= +370kN Nu=+1,320kN Mu=+420kN-m Vu= -370kN Nu=+420kN

a. Determine the concrete nominal shear strength (kN) for the

+X-direction of WL using simplified calculation.
Problem 4: Beam dimension b x h = 400mm x 600mm Ast=8 – 32 mm diameter bars
Clear cover to 12mm diameter laterial ties=40mm Fy=415MPa
Concrete, f’c=28MPa
Due to reversal lateral force, the design axial load due to combined effect of DL,LL, and WL change as follows:
For WL to the (+) X direction: For WL to the (-)X direction:
Mu= -420kN-m Vu= +370kN Nu=+1,320kN Mu=+420kN-m Vu= -370kN Nu=+420kN

b. Determine the concrete nominal shear strength (kN) for the -

- X-direction of WL using simplified calculation.
c. Determine the required spacing (in mm) of the shear
reinforcements.