REVISION WORKSHEET-STD X(ICSE)

Sr.No. STRUCTURE LOCATION FUNCTION

outermost in
animal cells. Lies
next to cell wall in Regulates the entry of certain solutes and
1 Cell membrane plant cells ions
Surrounding
plasma Allows substances in solution to enter and
membrane in leave the cell without hindrance and gives
2 Cell wall plant cells rigidity and shape to the plant cell
Region
surrounding
centrioles located Initiates and regulates cell division in
3 Centrosome near the nucleus animal cells only
In the cytoplasm
4 Chloroplasts of plant cells Trap solar energy for photosynthesis
In the
Chromatin nucleoplasm in
5 Fibres interphase Carry hereditary information or genes
Clear spaces in
the cytoplasm
with water or
other substances Give turgidity to plant cells by pressing
6 Vacuoles in solution against the cell wall
On the surfaces
of leaves and in
the green stems
of herbaceous Diffusion of gases for photosynthesis and
7 Stomata plants respiration
 On the surfaces Diffusion of gases for photosynthesis and
8 Lenticels of woody stems respiration
On the margins of
leaves at the tips
9 Hydathodes of vein endings Guttation or Exudation
Being transparent allows sunlight to reach
Waxy layer on the the mesophyll of leaves. Prevents
10 Cuticle surfaces of leaves evaporation of water from leaf-surfaces
In the grana of
11 Thylakoids chloroplasts Site of light reaction of photosynthesis
Matrix of Site of Biosynthetic phase of
12 Stroma chloroplast photosynthesis
At the aperture
between the Maintains unidirectional flow of
Right atrium and deoxygenated blood from the right atrium
13 Tricuspid Valve the right ventricle and the right ventricle
At the aperture
between the Left Maintains unidirectional flow of
Bicuspid or atrium and theLeft deoxygenated blood from the left atrium
14 Mitral Valve ventricle and the left ventricle
At the opening of
Pulmonary the right ventricle Maintains unidirectional flow of
semilunar into the deoxygenated blood from the right
15 valves pulmonary artery ventricle into the pulmonary artery
At the point of
Aortic origin of aorta
semilunar from the left Prevents back flow of oxygenated blood
16 valves ventricle from the aorta into the left ventricle
Pocket shaped In the lumen of Maintain unidirectional flow of blood
17 valves veins towards the heart
Localise infections and prevent it from
18 Tonsils Sides of the neck spreading to the body as a whole
 In the abdomen,
behind the
stomach and Acts as a blood reservoir, produces
above the left lymphocytes, destroys worn-out red blood
19 Spleen kidney cells, in an embryo it produces RBCs
on either side of
the back bone
and protected by
20 Kidneys the last two ribs Primary excretory organs
Arising from the
hilum in the
median surface of
each kidney and
connects behind
with the urinarry
bladder in the
lower part of the Transports urine from the kidney to the
21 Ureter abdomen urinary bladder
Expanded portion
of the ureter in
22 Renal Pelvis each kidney Receives urine from the collecting ducts
Muscular sac in
the pelis just
Urinary above and behind
23 Bladder the pubic bne Stores urine temporarily till it is expelled
Bowman's
24 capsule In the renal cortex Receives the ultrafiltrate
Lodged in the
Bowman's
25 Glomerulus capsule Performs ultrafiltration
Proximal
Convoluted In the renal Reabsorbs 2/3rds of water and much of
26 Tubule cortex glucose
 Reabsorption of remaining chlorides and
Distal some water. Walls secreting K+ and
Convoluted foreign chemicals such as Penicillin and
27 Tubule In the renal cortex other drugs into the forming urine
In the renal
28 Loop of Henle medulla Some absorption of water and sodium ions
Cerebral Outer portion of Enables us to think, reason out, invent,
29 Cortex the cerebrum plan and memorise
Just at the base Helps in maintaining body balance,
of the brain and posture and equilibrium along with
under the theinternal ear. Co-ordinates the working
30 Cerebellum cerebrum of voluntary muscles
Between the two
cerebral
Corpus hemispheres Transfers nerve impulses from one
31 Callosum internally cerebral hemisphere to the other
Controls involuntary activities of internal
Lowest portion of organs like peristalsis of the alimentary
Medulla the brain at the canal, movement of breathing, beating of
32 Oblongata base of the skull the heart etc.
carries nerve impulses from one cerebellar
hemisophere to the other, co-ordinates
Centre of the muscuklar movements on both sides of
brain below the the body, controls breathing along with the
33 Pons varolli cerebellum MO
In the relays pain and pressure impuses from the
34 Thalamus Diencephalon various parts of the body to the cerebrum
Below the
thalamus in the Controls body temperature, anger, hunger,
35 Hypothalamus Diencephalon thirst and the pituitary
Small tubular part
36 Mid Brain of the brain Reflexes involving eyes and ears
 pair of chains of
nerves and
ganglia on either
sides of the back Controls involuntary actions of the internal
37 ANS bone organs
Nerves arise from
the spinal cord
Sympathetic between the neck
Nervous and the waist Prepares the body for violent action
38 System region against abnormal conditions
Anteriorly in the
head and neck
Parasympathet and the other
ic Nervous posterior in sacral Concerned with re-establishing normal
39 System region conditions after the violent act is over
Between the
meninges,
ventricles of the
brain, central Acts like a cushion and protects the brain
canal of the spinal and spinal cord from injuries by absorbing
40 CSF cord mechanical shocks
Extends from the
MO down almost
the whole length
of the back bone
to the end at the
second lumbar Concerned with reflexes below the neck,
vertebra and lies conducts sensory impuses from the skin
withi the neural and muscles to the brain , conducts motor
canal of the responses from the brain to the muscles of
41 Spinal Cord vertebrae the trunk and limbs
 Secrete tears that have bactericidal
lysozymes to kill germs, lubricate the eyes,
Lacrimal Upper sideward keep the front surface of the eye clean by
42 Glands portion of the orbit washing away dust particles
At the back of the
eye almost at the
centre on the
horizontal axis of Region of acute, brightest and colour
43 Yellow Spot the eyeball vision
Lateral to the
yellow spot on the
nasal side of the
44 Blind spot retina Point of no vision and origin of optic nerve
front chamber filled with aqueous humour that keeps the
Aqueous between the lens lens moist and protects it from physical
45 chamber and cornea shock, refracts light
Larger cavity Has vitreous humour that helps in
Vitreous behind the eye maintaining the shape of the eye ball and
46 chamber lens in the eye protects the retina and its nerve endings
In the middle ear
cavity wherein the
handle of the
Malleus is
attached to the
innerv surface of
the ear drum, and
the flat part of the
stirrup to the oval
window and the Their lever like movement transmits sound
Incus is found vibrations from the tympanum to the oval
47 Ear Ossicles inbetween the two window
 Connecting the
Eustachain middle ear cavity Equalises air pressure on either side of the
48 Tube with the pharynx Tympanum allowing it to vibrate freely
In the median Converts sound vibrations to nerve
49 Organ of Corti cochlear canal impulses, helps in differntiating between
d f of Glucocorticoids,
Secretion i it h
Mineralocorticoids by the adrenal cortex
Adrenal Fitting like caps and adrenaline and noradrenaline byb the
50 Glands above the kidneys medulla
Below the
stomach in the Has Islets of Langerhans that secrete
51 Pancreas duodenal loop Glucagon, Insulin and Somatostatin
Bilobed, Butterfly
like structure
saddled onto the
Trachea, just
below the larynx
in front of the
52 Thyroid neck Secretes Thyroxine and Calcitonin
Small projection
hanging from the
base of the
midbrain below Secretes Gonadotropins, other tropic
53 Pituitary the hypothalamus hormones, Oxytocin, ADH
In thin walled
cutaneous
pouches called
scrotal sacs
54 Testes extraabdominally Spermatogenesis
 Packaging tissues
between the coils
of the
Leydig's or Seminiferous Secrete androgens of which the main one
55 Interstitial cells tubules is Testosterone
Fitting like a cap
on the upper pole Stores spems for some days till they
56 Epididymis of the testis mature
Arising from each
testis, travelling
upward through
the inguinal
canal,looping
over the ureters
of their side,
coming together
and joining the
urethra at the
back of the Transports sperms from the testis to the
57 Vas Deferens urinary bladder Urethra
between the
posterior surface
of the Urinary Produces a secretion that serves as a
Seminal Bladder and the medium for transportation of the sperms
58 Vesicles rectum and activates them
Surrounding the
urethraclose to its Pours an alkaline secretion into the semen
origin from the as it passes through the urethra and this
59 Prostate urinary bladder neutralises the acid in the female vagina
Open into the
Bulbo-Urethral urethra just
or Cowper's before it enters Its secretion lubricatyes the tip of the penis
60 Glands the penis during coitus
 In front of the
61 Penis scrotum Serves for passing out of semen and urine
In women that are
located in the
pelvis, one on
each side of the
62 Ovaries uterus Oogenesis
One on either
side of the uterus
opening near the
ovary on one side
and into the
uterus on the
63 Oviducts other side Site of Fertilisation
In the pelvic
cavity between
the UB and the Site of implantation of the blastocyst and
64 Uterus rectum growth of the foetus
Allows diffusion of Oxygen, nutrients, from
mother to the foetus; eliminates Carbon-di
oxide, urea and other wastes from foetus
Disc-like structure to the mother, acts as an endocrine gland
attached to the and secretes Oestrogens and
65 Placenta uterine wall Progesterone
 Has the amniotic fluid that protects the
Sac around the embryo from physical damage by jerks or
embryo even mechanical shocks, keeps even presssure
before the all around the embryo, allows the foetus,
formation of the some restricted movement, prevents
66 Amnion allantois sticking of the foetus to the amnion