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Model Question Hydraulic Structures 2
Model Question Hydraulic Structures 2
1. What are the limitations of Bligh’s Creep Theory for sub-surface flow below a weir
on permeable foundation? What are the fundamental aspects in which it differs from
Khosla’s Theory?
2. Explain the differences between a barrage and a weir.
3. Sketch a neat diagram of a layout of a diversion head work and show the different
components on it.
4. What are the different causes of failure of weir on a permeable foundation? Discuss
the different remedial measures that can be adopted to avoid such failures.
5. Explain the differences between aqueduct and super-passage with neat sketch.
NUMERICAL PROBLEMS
1. Determine the force exerted by the waves on the upstream face of a concrete gravity
dam due to winds blowing with a velocity of 70 km/hr over a fetch of 80 km.
2. The particulars of a concrete gravity dam resting over a rocky foundation are given
below:
a. RL of top of dam = 145.0 m
b. Freeboard = 3 m
c. Upstream face inclined at a slope of 0.25(H): 1(V) from RL 120.0 m up to the
base.
d. Downstream face sloped at 0.8(H): 1(V) from RL 140.0 m up to the base.
e. RL of base = 110.0 m.
f. Top width = 6 m.
i. Calculate the forces acting on the dam due to self weight, hydrostatic
thrust and uplift pressure.
ii. Determine the stability of the dam when the reservoir is full.
iii. Determine the stresses induced in the dam in reservoir full condition.
3. A hydraulic diversion structure is founded on sand to withstand water of 4 m depth.
The floor length is 22 m with two piles of depth 6 m and 8 m at the upstream and
downstream ends respectively. The structure is constructed at a distance of 6 m from
the upstream end of the floor. The specific gravity of floor material is 2.24.
i) If a discharge of 2500m3/s passes over the crest then what is the head of water
above the spillway crest level? (Neglect approach velocity)
ii) What is the depth and velocity of water over the floor of the stilling basin before
the occurrence of hydraulic jump?
5. An earthen embankment dam made of homogeneous material has the following data:
Coefficient of permeability of dam material = 4 10 4 m / s
Level of top of dam = 200.0 m
Level of deepest river bed = 170.0 m
H.F.L. of reservoir = 197.0 m
Width of the top of dam = 7 m
Upstream slope = 2.5(H) : 1(V)
Downstream slope = 2(H) : 1(V)
A horizontal filter of length equal to 30 m is provided inward from the
downstream toe of the dam.
i) Determine the phreatic line for this dam section.
ii) What would be the discharge through the dam?