Cornejo Tristan G

CE – CAD1

PRLEIM ACTIVITY 3

Instruction: answer the following questions below. Answer must be handwritten.

1. What is free hand lettering?

-Freehand lettering refers to the process of manually creating text or annotations within
a computer-aided design (CAD) software without the use of predefined fonts or automated text
tools. Engineers or drafters use a stylus or mouse to draw letters directly onto the design
interface, mimicking the appearance of handwritten text. This technique allows for greater
flexibility and customization in labeling drawings, diagrams, or plans. Freehand lettering can add
a personal touch to technical drawings and is often used for annotations, notes, or callouts
where precise placement or unique styling is desired. While it offers creative freedom, it may
require more time and skill compared to using standard text tools in CAD software.

2. What are the conventions for engineering lettering?

-Engineering lettering or also known as “Technical lettering”,
It is the process of forming letters, numerals, guidelines, lettering styles, spacing and other
characters that provides major specifications that describe an object in engineering lettering with
highly detailed documentation of information for fellow engineers. These conventions typically
involve the use of uppercase letters in a sans-serif font to enhance readability Technical lettering
was used for writing or carve technical drawings architectural plans, maps, and other
documents

3. What are the common mistakes in engineering lettering?

-Inconsistent letter height is a frequent error in technical lettering that can cause confusion
and misreading of the text. Inappropriate word and letter spacing also affects readability and
professional presentation. Another common problem is using a font or lettering style that is
incorrect or doesn't follow engineering standards. Inaccurate letter alignment on the horizontal
or vertical axes can affect how well the lettering looks overall and how precise it is. Using the
wrong tools, like drafting templates or rulers, can lead to messy or uneven letters. Last but not
least, ignoring the value of honing writing techniques can contribute to these errors and impede
clear communication in engineering drawings.

4. What are the types of Multiview projection? Define each.

Orthographic Projection- Using many 2D perspectives of an object, an orthographic

projection can be used to depict a 3D object. Multiviews are an additional term for orthographic
drawings. Top, front, and right side are the viewpoints that are most frequently employed.

Isometric Projection- A technique for visualizing three-dimensional things that engineers,

technical illustrators, and occasionally architects utilize. The technique aims to display the
object's principal dimensions in an undistorted manner while combining the illusion of depth,
similar to that of a perspective rendering.

Oblique Projection- An oblique drawing gives the impression of being pictorial by drawing the
receding surfaces at an angle and the front view at actual size. The benefit of this type of
projection is that it may display an object's One View, or Front View, without distortion.

Axonometric Projection- The feature that distinguishes axonometric projection from multiview
projection is the inclined position of the object with respect to the planes of projection. When a
surface or edge of the object is not parallel to the plane of projection, it appears foreshortened

Trimetric Projection- An image is created using three axes like in a perspective drawing. This
produces a three-dimensional picture of the thing being drawn by concurrently viewing it from
three separate angles. In trimetric drawings, the three axes are usually positioned at angles of
30, 60, and 90 degrees to one another.

Dimetric Projection- Another kind of perspective drawing that creates an image with two axes
is called dimetric drawing. When anything is drawn diametrically, it is simultaneously viewed
from two angles, giving the impression that the object is two dimensions deep. In dimetric
drawing, the two axes are usually positioned 45 degrees and 135 degrees apart.

5. What is orthographic projection and provide at least one sample.

Orthographic projection The technique of orthographic projection is a method of representing

three-dimensional objects by three two dimensional drawings, in each of which the object is
viewed along parallel lines that are perpendicular to the plane of the plane of the drawing. For
example an orthographic projection of a house typically consists of a plan view, a front view and
a side view