Solutions

6. Redox Reactions

Classical Thinking

6.1 Introduction 7. (D)

x +1 −2
1. (D) 2. (D) C12H22O11
3. (B) 4. (A) Let x be the oxidation number of C.
∴ 12x + 22 × ( + 1) + 11 × (− 2) = 0
5. (A)
∴ 12x + 22 – 22 = 0
Sn2+ → Sn4+ + 2e−. In this reaction Sn2+
changes to Sn4+, it is called an oxidation reaction, ∴ x=0

ns
because of loss of two electrons from Sn2+. 8. (D)
6. (B) +1 x –2
A substance that causes oxidation is an HClO4
oxidizing agent or oxidant. It accepts electron(s)

io
Let x be the oxidation number of Cl.
and itself gets reduced. Thus, in the course of a
∴ (+1) + (x) + 4(– 2) = 0
chemical reaction, an oxidant gains electron(s).
∴ +1 + x – 8 = 0

at
7. (C) ∴ x–7=0
8. (C) ∴ x = +7
A reducing agent or reductant causes reduction 9. (A)
lic
of the other chemical species involved in the
reaction. While doing so it itself undergoes x −2
S2O7−2
oxidation by donating its electron(s). Thus, there
is an increase in its oxidation number. Let x be the oxidation number of S.
∴ 2(x) + 7(– 2) = –2
ub
9. (B) 2x – 14 = –2
Zn + Cu2+ → Zn2+ + Cu 2x = +12
Oxidation is increase in oxidation number. For ∴ x = +6
the given reaction, the oxidation number of Zn
P

increases from 0 to +2. 10. (C)

Hence, Zn is oxidized to Zn2+.
+1 x –2
6.2 Oxidation number NaIO3
et

x+1−6=0
1. (A)
x = +5
The oxidation number of each atom of an x −2
element in free state is zero. Thus, each atom in I O 4−
rg

Cl2 and S8 has oxidation number of zero. IO −4 is an ionic species.

2. (D) 3. (A) ∴ Sum of the oxidation numbers of all atoms = − 1
4. (D) ∴ x + 4 × (–2) = − 1
Ta

Hydrogen has oxidation number of −1 when it is ∴ x = −1 + 8 = +7

bonded to metals, zero in H2 and +1 when
11. (A)
bonded to non-metals.
x +1
5. (D) (A) CH4 ∴ x + 4(+ 1) = 0 ∴ x = –4
The oxidation number of F is always −1 in all of x –1
its compounds i.e., it never has a positive
(B) CF4 ∴ x + 4(– 1) = 0 ∴ x = +4
oxidation number in any of its compounds.
x –2
6. (A) (C) CO2 ∴ x + 2(– 2) = 0 ∴ x = +4
x +1 –1 x –1
CH2Cl2
(D) CCl4 ∴ x + 4(– 1) = 0 ∴ x = +4
x + 2(+1) + 2(−1) = 0 Thus, among the given options, carbon has
∴ x=0 lowest oxidation state in CH4.
1
 

MHT-CET Triumph Chemistry (Solutions)

12. (D) 20. (C)
Oxidation
+5 +1
HNO3 → N2O 0 0 +1 –1
When HNO3 changes to N2O, the oxidation H2 + Br2 → 2HBr
number of N changes from +5 to +1 i.e., the
Reduction
oxidation number is changed by
(+5) – (+1) = +4 units Hydrogen undergoes oxidation and bromine
undergoes reduction. Thus, the reaction involves
13. (D) both, oxidation and reduction and is a redox
x –2 reaction.
Fe3O4
21. (A)
The oxidation state of Fe is
3x + 4(–2) = 0 +2 +4 −2 +2 −2 +4 −2

ns
8 CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
∴ 3x – 8 = 0 ∴ x=+ Calcium Calcium Carbon
3 carbonate oxide dioxide
14. (D) This is not a redox reaction since no element

io
The oxidation number of Cl in the given undergoes a change in oxidation number.
compounds is as follows:
+1 x 22. (C)
KCl → +1 + x = 0

at
+1 +5 −2 +1 −1 +1 −1 +1 +5 −2
∴ x = −1 AgNO3 + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO3
+1 x −2
HClO → +1 + x + (−2) = 0 None of the elements in reaction (C) undergoes
∴ x = +1 a change in oxidation number; therefore, (C) is
+1 x −2
lic not a redox reaction.
HClO 2 → +1 + x + (−2 × 2) = 0
∴ x = +3 23. (D)
+1 x −2 In reaction (D), Ag2O gets reduced to Ag by
HClO 4 → +1 + x + (−2 × 4) = 0 H2O2 hence it acts as a reducing agent.
ub
∴ x = +7
∴ In HClO4, Cl has highest oxidation number of 6.3 Balancing of redox reactions
+7. 1. (C)
P

15. (A) 16. (D) 2. (A)

17. (D) Balanced equation:
Copper(I) chloride: CuCl 2H2SO4(aq) + C(s) → CO2(g) + 2SO2(g) + 2H2O(l)
et

18. (C) 3. (D)

In balancing of equations by oxidation number
0 −1
(A) Br2 → HBr (Reduction) method, the first step involves writing the
unbalanced net equation and balancing it for all
rg

+2 −1 +1 −1
atoms (except H and O).
(B) 2HgCl2 → Hg2Cl2 (Reduction)
−1 0 4. (C)
(C) 2KI → I2 (Oxidation) 2-
2Bi(OH)3(s) + 3SnO 2(aq) →
Ta

+2 +1 2-
3SnO3(aq) + 2Bi(s) + 3H2O(l)
(D) 2Cu2+ → Cu2I2 (Reduction)
6.4 Redox reaction and electrode potential
Only in option (C) the oxidation number of I
increases from −1 to 0 and hence KI gets 1. (C)
oxidised to I2. In Daniel cell, oxidation takes place at zinc
electrode and reduction at copper electrode.
19. (A) 2+
0 0 +1 −1
Oxidation: Zn(s) → Zn(aq) + 2e–
2Na + Cl2 → 2NaCl 2)
Reduction: Cu (aq) + 2e– → Cu(s)
The oxidation number of Na increases from 0 to
+1 while the oxidation number of Cl2 decreases 2. (C)
from 0 to −1. Li has larger negative value of E0 than Na.
So, Na gets oxidized while Cl2 gets reduced. Thus, Li is stronger reducing agent than Na.

2
 

Chapter 6: Redox Reactions

Critical Thinking

6.1 Introduction Structure of C3O2:

+2 0 +2
1. (A) O = C = C* = C = O
Oxidation can be defined as the addition of Structure of C3O2
electronegative element to a substance. (Carbon suboxide)
Reduction can be defined as the removal of
3. (D) x
electronegative element from a substance.
(A) Oxidation number of N in HNO3
Thus, (i) involves oxidation of Mg and (ii)
involves reduction of FeCl3.  + 1 + x + 3 (−2) = 0
∴ x = +5 x
2. (C) (B) Oxidation number of N in NH2OH

ns
According to the classical concept, reduction
involves removal of oxygen from a compound.  x + (2 × 1) − 2 + 1= 0
In reaction (i) and (iii), there is removal of ∴ x = −1 x
oxygen from HgO and Fe2O3, respectively. (C) Oxidation number of N in ( N 2 H5 )2
2+

io
Thus, they both undergo reduction.
 2 [(2 × x) + (5 × 1)] = +2
3. (A) ∴ x = −2 x

at
4. (A) (D) Oxidation number of N in Mg3N2
Oxidation reaction:  3 × (+2) + 2x = 0
2+
Fe(s) → Fe(aq) + 2e− ∴ x = −3
Iron Iron(II)
ion
lic Thus, option (D) is correct.
4. (B)
Reduction reaction: In I3− , let the oxidation number of I be x
+ 2e– → Cu(s)
2+
Cu (aq) ∴ 3x = − 1 ∴ x = −1/3.
ub
Copper(II) Copper
5. (C)
ion
Let the oxidation state of N be x.
Iron acts as a reducing agent as it donates x +1

electrons while copper(II) ion acts as an N 2H 4 ∴ 2x + 4(+1) = 0

P

oxidising agent as it accepts electrons. ∴ 2x = −4

∴ x = −2
5. (D) x +1
NH 3 ∴ x + 3(+1) = 0
et

6. (D) ∴ x = −3
Reactions given in option (A) and (B) are x +1
neutralization reactions whereas reaction in N 3H ∴ 3x + 1 = 0
option (C) is a precipitation reaction. Reaction ∴ x = −1/3
rg

given in option (D) represents redox reaction as x +1 −2 +1

NH 2O H ∴ x + 2(+1) − 2 + 1
there is a net transfer of electrons from Fe atoms
to Cu+2 ions. ∴ x = −1
∴ Nitrogen in N3H exhibits highest oxidation state.
Ta

7. (A)
6. (A)
6.2 Oxidation number 0 +1 −1 +1 −2
S8, S2F2, H2S
1. (B) ∴ Oxidation number of S in S8, S2F2 and H2S
–1 x respectively are 0, +1 and −2.
F2O
∴ 2(–1) + x = 0 7. (C)
∴ x = +2 +1 x −2
K4P2O7
2. (B) 4(+1) + 2x + 7(–2) = 0
Let x be the oxidation number of C in C3O2 2x – 10 = 0
∴ 3x + 2 × (− 2) = 0 2x = +10
∴ x = +4/3 ∴ x = +5
3
 

MHT-CET Triumph Chemistry (Solutions)

8. (A) 13. (B)
Let x be the oxidation state of Cu in YBa2Cu3O7 +1 x –2
(+3) + 2(+2) + 3x + 7(−2) = 0 i. H2SO4
(+3) + 4 + 3x – 14 = 0 ∴ x+2–8=0
3x – 7 = 0 ∴ x = +6
7 ∴ Oxidation number of S in H2SO4 = +6
∴ x=+
3
+1 x –2
9. (B) ii. H2S4O6
Compound Oxidation state of metal ∴ 4 × (x) + 2 – 12 = 0
MnO2 Mn(+4) 10
∴ x=+
FeCl3 Fe(+3) 4

ns
V2O5 V(+5) ∴ Oxidation number of S in H2S4O6 = +2.5
CrO3 Cr(+6)
+1 x –2
Mn2O3 Mn(+3)
iii. Na2S2O3
V2O3 V(+3)
∴ 2 × (x) + 2 − 6 = 0

io
SnCl2 Sn(+2)
4
Thus, among the given pairs of compounds, ∴ x=+
2
V2O5 and CrO3 is the pair, which has metals in ∴ Oxidation number of S in Na2S2O3 = +2

at
their highest oxidation state.
x –2
10. (D)
iv. SO32 −
Potassium permanganate is KMnO4.
lic
Let x be the oxidation number of Mn in KMnO4. (x) + 3 × (–2) = – 2
+1 x −2 ∴ x=–2+6
KMnO4 ∴ Oxidation number of S in SO32 − = +4
∴ 1 + x + (−2 × 4) = 0
ub
∴ x = +7. 14. (D)
Whereas oxidation numbers of Mn in manganese Stock notation for H2PtCl6: H2Pt(IV)Cl6
dioxide (MnO2), manganese chloride (MnCl2)
and manganese sulphate (MnSO4) are +4, +2 and 15. (B)
+2 respectively. M2+ → M5+ + 3e−
P

Thus, the O.N. of metal = +5.

11. (C)
+1 x –2 16. (C)
et

HIO4 +5 −3
+1 + x + 4(−2) = 0 NO → NH +4
−
3

∴ x = +7 Here, oxidation number of N decreases from +5

rg

+1 x –2 in NO3− to −3 in NH 4+ and hence NO3− gets

H3IO5 reduced to NH 4+ .
3(+1) + x + 5(−2) = 0
∴ x = +7 17. (D)
Ta

+1 x –2 +4 +3 +5 +2
H5IO6 NO2 → NO −2 , NO3− → NO,
5(+1) + x + 6(−2) = 0 +5 −3 −3 0
∴ x = +7 NO → NH 4 , NH 4+ → N2.
−
3
+

12. (A) Thus in option (D) the oxidation number of N

increases from −3 to 0 i.e., N gets oxidised.
+1 x –2
H 4 IO6 − 18. (A)
The oxidation state of I is +7 +2
4(+1) + x + 6(−2) = –1 (A) MnO4– → Mn (involves gain of 5e−s)
∴ 4 + x – 12 = –1 +6 +3
∴ x = +7 (B) CrO42– → Cr (involves gain of 3e−s)

4
 

Chapter 6: Redox Reactions

+6 +4 25. (D)
2– Oxidation
(C) MnO4 → MnO2
(involves gain of 2e−s) 0 +1 –1
+6 +3 H2O + Br2 → HOBr + HBr
(D) Cr2O72– → 2Cr (involves gain of 3e−s)
Hence, option (A) is correct. Reduction
19. (D) Thus, in given reaction, Br2 is oxidised as well
Only in reaction (D), the oxidation numbers of as reduced.
the elements undergo a change. 26. (A)
Oxidation In the equation, (A), iodine in HI gets oxidised
to I2. Hence, in this equation H2SO4 acts as an
+1 −2 +2 0 0 +4 oxidising agent.

ns
Cu2S + 2FeO → 2Cu + 2Fe + SO2
6.3 Balancing of redox reactions
Reduction
Reduction 1. (A) 2. (B)

io
20. (C) 3. (B)
+2 +4 The balanced equation is
(A) CO → CO2 2C2H6 + 7O2 → 4CO2 + 6H2O.

at
+2 +2 Ratio of the coefficients of CO2 and H2O is 4 : 6
(B) CuO → CuCl2 or 2 : 3.
+1 0
(C) H2O → H2 4. (C)
0 +4
lic Balanced redox reaction:
2- +
(D) C → CO2 3H2O2(aq) + Cr2O7(aq) + 8H (aq)
Only in option (C), oxidation number of 3+
→ 3O2(g) + 2Cr(aq) + 7H2O(l)
hydrogen decreases from +1 to 0 and hence H2O
ub
gets reduced to H2. 5. (B)
21. (B) Given reaction:
In the given reaction, nickel (Ni) gets oxidized
2-
SeO3(aq) + Cl2(g) → SeO 24(aq)
-
+ Cl-(aq)
from Ni(0) to Ni(II) and reduces Cr(VI) to Cr(III)
P

thus, Ni serves as a reducing agent. +4 −2 0 +6 −2 −1

22. (B) 6. (D)
Here, NO acts as a reducing agent and reduces After balancing the equations by ion-electron
et

I2 to I−. Also, NO itself undergoes oxidation method we get,

since the oxidation number of nitrogen changes MnO −4 + 8H+ + 5e− → Mn2+ + 4H2O × 2
from +2 in NO to +5 in NO3− .
C2O 24 − → 2CO2 + 2e− × 5
rg

23. (C) 2MnO −4 + 5C2O 24 − + 16H+

Oxidation
→2Mn2+ + 10CO2 + 8H2O
Thus, the coefficient of MnO 4− , C2O 24 − and H+
Ta

0 0 +2 –1
Zn + I2 → ZnI2 in the above balanced equation are 2, 5, 16
respectively.
Reduction 7. (B)
In this reaction, Zn atom gets oxidised to +
2MnO −4 + 5C 2O 24 − +16H → 2Mn
2+
+10CO2
Zn2+ ion and iodine gets reduced to I−. + 8H2O
24. (D)
Thinking Hatke - Q.7
Al is the reductant as it gets oxidised to Al2O3.
To balance Mn, the coefficients x and y should be
Al → Al+3 same. This is possible only in option (B).
Thus, in oxidising one Al atom 3 electrons are
transferred.
6.4 Redox reaction and electrode potential
∴ For oxidising 8 Al atoms, the electrons
transferred = 8 × 3 = 24 1. (C) 2. (D)
5
 

MHT-CET Triumph Chemistry (Solutions)

3. (B) The sum of E0 values 0.92 – 0.54 = 0.38 V
2 Ag (aq)
+
+ 2e− → 2Ag(s) ; 0
E = 0.80 V is positive, therefore, reaction is spontaneous.
Option (D):
Cu(s) → Cu + 2e ;2+
E0 = −0.34 V
−
(aq)
The sum of E0 values 0.92 – 1.09 = –0.17 V
The sum of E0 values = 0.80 – 0.34 = 0.46 V. is negative, therefore, reaction is not spontaneous.
4. (C) 5. (A)
Option (A): (I) Cl2 has larger positive value of E0 than
The sum of E0 values – 0.76 − 0.54 = –1.3 V Br2. Thus, Cl2 is stronger oxidizing agent
is negative, therefore, reaction is not spontaneous. than Br2.
Option (B): (II) Br2 has larger positive value of E0 than I2.
The sum of E0 values – 0.76 – 1.09 = –1.85 V Thus, Br2 is stronger oxidizing agent than
is negative, therefore, reaction is not spontaneous. I2.
Option (C):

ns
Concept Fusion

1. (A) (D) H2O(l) → H2O(g)

io
Ferrous ions (Fe+2) and ferric ions (Fe+3) have Only state of matter changes and hence
net charge of +2 and +3 respectively. there is no change in oxidation number.
Thus, among given options only

at
2. (B)
option(C) represents redox reaction.
0 0 +1 −1
2Li + H2 → 2LiH 4. (C)
Here, H2 acts as an oxidizing agent since the The oxidation numbers of the elements in their
oxidation number of Li increases from 0 to + 1
lic compounds are as follows:
and that of H decreases from 0 to −1. N : − 3, − 2, + 1 to + 5
O : − 1, − 1/2, + 2
3. (C) C : − 4, + 2, + 4
ub
(A) H2SO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + 2H2O Cl : − 1, + 1, + 3, + 4, + 5, + 6, + 7
This is a neutralization reaction. Thus, Cl exhibit highest oxidation number of +7
0 0 among the given options.
(B) 2O3 → 3O2
Oxidation number of O in both O3 and O2 5. (A)
P

+6 +6
is zero, therefore, it is not a redox reaction. CaF2 + H2SO4 → CaSO4 + 2HF
0 0 +2−2
(C) 2N2 + O2 → 2NO The oxidation number of S remains unchanged.
et

Here oxidation number of N increases Hence, reaction given in option (A) is the one that
from 0 in N2 to + 2 in NO and that of O does not show oxidizing behaviour of H2SO4.
decreases from 0 in O2 to − 2 in NO
therefore, it is a redox reaction.
rg

MHT-CET Previous Years’ Questions

Ta

1. (B) Decrease in oxidation number: MnO 4− → MnO 2

x 
− ↑ ↑
+7
 AuCl4  4. (D)
+4

x + 4(–1) = –1 ∴ x = +3 Sn(OH)3−

2. (D) x + (−1 × 3) = –1 or x = +2
MnO −4 5. (B)
S2O32 −
∴ x + (−2 × 4) = –1 or x = +7
2 × (Oxidation number of S)
3. (C) + 3 × (Oxidation number of O) = – 2
∴ 2 × Oxidation number of S + 3 × (–2) = – 2
Increase in oxidation number: Br − → BrO3−
∴ Oxidation number of S – 6 = – 2
↑ ↑
–1 +5 ∴ Oxidation number of S = +2
6
 

Chapter 6: Redox Reactions

Now, = 2 + 2x –8
Sum of all oxidation states of all atoms: = 2x – 6
2 × (Oxidation number of S) ∴ x = +3
+ 3 × (Oxidation number of O)
∴ The oxidation number of C = +3
= 2 × (+2) + 3 × (–2) = –2
15. (C)
Thinking Hatke - Q.5
Let the oxidation state of V in V2 O74 − = x
The charge on an ion should be equal to the sum of
oxidation numbers of all atoms in an ion. 2x + 7 (–2) = –4
2x – 14 = –4
6. (B) 2x = 10
Among the given, the highest oxidation state of ∴ x = +5
+7 is possible only for Mn and Cl

ns
16. (D)
7. (D) Ba(H2PO2)2
CH4 + 2O2  → CO2 + 2H2O O.S. (Ba) + O.S.(4H) + O.S.(2P) + O.S.(4O) = 0
In CH4, the oxidation state of carbon is –4 while
2 + 4 + 2P + (–8) = 0
in CO2, the oxidation state of carbon is +4.

io
Hence, CH4 undergoes oxidation and acts as 2P – 2 = 0
reducing agent. 2P = +2 ∴ P= +1
Oxidation State of P = +1

at
8. (D)
17. (B)
Compound Oxidation state of C
CO +2
lic HSO −4
CaC2 –1 O.S. of H + O.S. of S + O.S. of 4O = –1
C 2O 24 − +3 1 + O.S. of S + 4 (–2) = –1
CO32 − +4 1 + O.S. of S – 8 = –1
∴ O.S. of S = –1 + 7 = +6
ub
9. (A)
18. (A)
4(aq) + SO3(aq) → MnO 4(aq) + SO 4(aq)
2− 2− 2−
MnO-
The species that undergoes change in oxidation
number is shown below.
+7 +4 +6 +6
P

Oxidation
10. (B)
2e–
CH4 + 2O2  → CO2 + 2H2O –1 +7–2 +3 –2 0
In CH4, the oxidation state of carbon is –4 while H 2O 2( aq ) + ClO −4( aq ) → ClO −2( aq ) + O 2( g )
et

in CO2, the oxidation state of carbon is +4. Reduction

4e–
11. (B)
N2O4 Here, H2O2 undergoes oxidation and it loses two
electrons.
rg

2 × (Oxidation number of N)
+ 4 × (Oxidation number of O) = 0
19. (C)
∴ 2 × (Oxidation number of N) + 4 × (–2) = 0
In the structure of tetrathionate (S4O62–) ion, the
∴ 2 × (Oxidation number of N) – 8 = 0
Ta

∴ 2 × (Oxidation number of N) = 0 + 8 oxidation number of each terminal S-atom is +5

∴ Oxidation number of N = 8/2 and the oxidation number of each S-atom
∴ Oxidation number of N in N2O4 = +4 present at middle is 0. The total oxidation
number of 4 S-atoms is +10. Consequently, the
12. (A)
The charge on an ion should be equal to the sum average oxidation number is +10/4 = +2.5.
of oxidation numbers of all atoms in an ion. 20. (C)
Loss of e–
13. (D)
H3AsO4 → (1 × 3) + (x) + [4 × (–2)] = 3 + x – 8 H2O2(aq) + ClO −4(aq) → ClO −2(aq) + O2(g)
∴ x = 8 – 3 = +5 ↑
∴ Oxidation state of As in H3AsO4 = +5 2×(–1) +7 +3 0
14. (B)
K2C2O4 ⇒ (1 × 2) + (x × 2) + (–2 × 4) Gain of e–

7
 

MHT-CET Triumph Chemistry (Solutions)

21. (C) Loss of e–
31. (C) 32. (A)
33. (D)
H2O2(aq) + ClO −4(aq) → ClO −2(aq) + O2(g)
3Br2 + 6CO32 − + 3H 2O → 5Br − + BrO3− + 6HCO3−
↑ ↑ ↑ ↑
2×(–1) +7 +3 0 0 –1 +5
In the reaction, bromine is reduced as well as
Gain of e– oxidized.
ClO −4(aq) gains electron and hence it is an 34. (B)
oxidizing agent The oxidation number of hydrogen usually is +1.
Exception: –1 in binary metal compounds (CaH2).
22. (A)
I3− 35. (C)

ns
1 Compound Oxidation state of Mn
∴ x + (−1 × 3) = –1 or x = − MnO2 +4
3
K2MnO4 +6
23. (D)
The oxidation state of Sn in SnCl4 is +4. Hence, KMnO4 +7

io
the stock notation is Sn(IV) Cl4. Mn2O3 +3
24. (B) 36. (C)
In the structure of tetrathionate (S4O62–) ion, the

at
Thinking Hatke - Q.24 oxidation number of each terminal S-atom is +5
The sum of oxidation numbers of all atoms in a
neutral molecule should be zero. Only option (B)
and the oxidation number of each S-atom
satisfies this condition. present at middle is 0. The total oxidation
number of 4 S-atoms is +10. Consequently, the
25. (B)
lic average oxidation number is +10/4 = +2.5.
+7 +3 O O
↑ ↑
H2O2(aq) + C lO 4(aq)
−
→ C IO −2(aq) + O2(g)
O− – S – S – S – S – O−
ub
Oxidation state of chlorine decreases from ↑ ↑
+7 to +3. +5 O 0 0 O +5
26. (A) 37. (B)
Balanced equation:
+1
↑
N H 3 ⇒ Oxidation number of N = –3
P

+1 −2
3CuO + 2NH3 → 3Cu + N2 + 3H2O
↑ ↑ Hence, x = 3; y = 2; z = 3
H N O3 ⇒ Oxidation number of N = +5
27. (A) 38. (B)
et

When H atom is bonded to metals, it possesses Compound Oxidation state of Fe

oxidation number of –1. FeSO4.(NH4)2SO4.6H2O +2
Fe(CO)5 0
−1 −2 −1
↑ ↑ ↑
H− Ca − H
rg

K4[Fe(CN)6] +2
28. (A) Fe2O +1
Let oxidation state of P = x
Ca3(PO4)2 ⇒ 3(+2) + 2x +8 (–2) = 0 39. (C)
Ta

6 + 2x – 16 = 0 4Fe + 3O2 → 4Fe3+ + 6O2–

⇒ 2x = +10 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑
0 0 +3 –2
x = +5
Oxidation state of P = +5 Fe is oxidized and acts as reducing agent while
O2 is reduced and acts as oxidizing agent.
29. (C)
+5
↑
+4
↑
40. (C)
N O 
→ N O2
−
3 Oxidation state of O = –2
Oxidation state of Mn = x
30. (C)
∴ x +4 (–2) = −1
A reagent which itself undergoes reduction and
∴ x = –1 +8 = +7
causes oxidation of another species is called
oxidant or oxidizing agent. In the given 41. (A)
reaction, Cu aq2 + undergoes reduction and hence, it Oxidation state of K = +1
is an oxidizing agent. Oxidation state of O = –2

8
 

Chapter 6: Redox Reactions

Oxidation state of Cl = x CaC2
∴ (+1) + x +3 (–2) = 0 ∴ +2 + (x × 2) = 0 or x = –1
1+x–6=0 K2C2O4
∴ x = +5 ∴ (+1 × 2) + (x × 2) + (−2 × 4) = 0 or x = +3
42. (A) 52. (C)
+6 −2 +6 −2
↑ ↑
2−
↑ ↑
2−
The oxidation number of F is −1 in all of its
Cr O 
→ Cr2 O
4 7 compounds. Hence, in OF2 oxidation number of
In this conversion, there is no change in oxygen is +2.
oxidation number.
∴ It does not involve either oxidation or reduction. 53. (A)
54. (A)
43. (D)
(Cr2O7)2–
Oxidation state of Cl+ (4 × oxidation state of

ns
oxygen) = –1. ∴ 2x + (−2 × 7) = –2 or x = +6

44. (B) 55. (B)

Compound Oxidation No. of carbon The balanced equation is:
Mn (2aq+ ) + 2ClO3−( aq ) → MnO2(s) + 2ClO2(aq)

io
C12H22O11 0
CHCl3 +2
56. (B)
HCHO 0
The oxidation number of Br decreases from +5

at
CH2Cl2 0
to -1 and that of As increases from +3 to +5.
45. (D) Hence, Br undergoes reduction and As
The oxidation state of Mn in manganese dioxde undergoes oxidation.
(MnO2) is +4. Hence, the stock notation is
Mn(IV)O2.
lic 57. (B)
H2SO5 : Peroxymonosulfuric acid
46. (D) O
Decrease in oxidation number:
S
ub
2− 3+ HOO O
Cr2 O7(aq) → 2Cr(aq)
HO
+6 +3 It has a peroxide linkage.
47. (D) (2 × 1) + x + (3 × −2) + (2 × −1) = 0
P

x = +6
Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)
58. (C)
0 +1 −1 +2 −1 0
SeO32 − SeO 24 −
et

Hence, oxidising agent: HCl x + (−2 × 3) = −2 x + (−2 × 4) = −2

In the above equation, two moles of H+ ions x = +4 x = +6
gain 2 moles of electrons. Hence, 1 mole of H+
ions gains 1 mole of electrons. 59. (B)
rg

48. (B) 60. (C)

Balanced equation: Oxidised form + ne–
2H2O2(aq) + ClO −4(aq) → E0/V
Ta

→ Reduced form
2O2(g) + ClO −2(aq) + 2H2O(l) F2(g) + 2e– → 2F– 2.87
Hence, x = 2 Cl2(g) + 2e– → 2Cl– 1.36
49. (A) Zn2+ + 2e– → Zn(s) – 0.76
The oxidation number of O is usually –2 in all Li+ + e− → Li(s) – 3.05
of its compounds except in peroxides (H2O2)
where it has oxidation number of –1. 61. (B)
Oxidation number of 'S' bonded with oxygen in
50. (B) S4O62– ion = +5
PtCl62 −
O O
∴ x + (−1 × 6) = –2 or x = +4
O− – S – S – S – S – O−
51. (B) ↑ ↑
+5 O 0 0 O +5
9
 

MHT-CET Triumph Chemistry (Solutions)

Evaluation Test
1. (B) 8. (A)
When an elemental sulphur atom becomes a C4H4 O62 −
sulphide ion, the oxidation number of S changes
Oxidation number of H = +1
from 0 to –2 by the gain of two electrons.
Oxidation number of O = –2
2. (D) Sum of the oxidation states of all atoms = –2
KO2 : + 1 + 2(x) = 0 ∴ 4 × (Oxidation number of C) + 4 × (Oxidation
∴ 2x = –1 number of H) + 6 × (Oxidation number of O)
∴ x=
−1
or – 0.5 = –2
2 ∴ 4 × (Oxidation number of C) + 4 × (+1) +6
x
× (–2) = –2

ns
Na 2 O 2 : 2(+1) + 2x = 0
∴ 4 × (Oxidation number of C) + 4 – 12 = –2
∴ 2x = –2
∴ 4 × (Oxidation number of C) = –2 + 8 = +6
∴ x = –1 Oxidation number of C = +1.5
3. (D)

io
9. (C)
In the reaction,
0 −1 +5 10. (A)
3Br2 → 5Br− + BrO3− Oxidation number of oxygen = −2; Oxidation

at
The oxidation number of Br changes from 0 to number of hydrogen = +1
−1 and also from 0 to +5. Thus, Br undergoes Oxidation number of nitrogen = −3; Oxidation
both reduction and oxidation. number of zinc = +2
Sum of the oxidation states of all atoms = 0
4. (A)
IO3– + aI − + bH+ → cI2 + dH2O
lic ∴ (Oxidation number of Zn) + (Oxidation number
Step 1 : I −1 → I2 (oxidation) of N) + 4 × (Oxidation number of H)
IO3– → I2 (reduction) + (Oxidation number of P) + 4 × (Oxidation
number of O) = 0
ub
Step 2 : 2IO3– + 12H+ → I2 + 6H2O
Step 3 : 2IO3– + 12H+ + 10e– → I2 + 6H2O ∴ (+2) + (−3) + 4 × (+1) + (Oxidation number of
2I − → I2 + 2e– P) + 4 × (−2) = 0
Step 4 : 2IO3– + 12H+ + 10e– → I2 + 6H2O ∴ (Oxidation number of P) + (+2) + (−3) + (+4)
[2I − → I2 + 2e–]5 + (−8) = 0
P

Step 5 : 2IO3– + 10I − + 12H+ → 6I2 + 6H2O ∴ (Oxidation number of P) − 5 = 0

Dividing by 2, ∴ Oxidation number of P = +5
IO3 + 5I + 6H+ → 3I2 + 3H2O
– −
ZnNH4PO4
et

On comparing, a = 5, b = 6, c = 3, d = 3 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑↑
5. (D) +2 −3 +1 +5−2
x –1 11. (C)
rg

Mo 2Cl84 − F2 has positive value of E0 than H2. Thus, F2 is

2x + 8(– 1) = –4 stronger oxidizing agent than H2.
2x – 8 = –4 12. (D)
Ta

2x = +4
In PtCl62 − , platinum is in +4 oxidation state.
∴ x = +2
Thus, x will be IV and stock notation will be
6. (C) Pt(IV)Cl62 − .
+2 +1 x −2
Ba(H2PO2)2 13. (C)
∴ 2 + 2 [2 × (+ 1) + x + 2 × (− 2)] = 0 or In given reaction, Mg is oxidised to Mg2+, while
oxygen is reduced to form O2–.
∴ 2 + 4 + 2x − 8 = 0
∴ x = +1 Loss of e− (Oxidation)
7. (C)
The oxidation number of each atom of an 2Mg(s)+ O2(g) → 2Mg2+ + 2O2–
element in free state is zero. Thus, the oxidation
state of O in O3 and P in P4 is 0. Gain of e− (Reduction)

10
 

Chapter 6: Redox Reactions

14. (D)
x –2
Fe3O8
+16
3x + 8(– 2) = 0 or 3x – 16 = 0 or x =
3
15. (B)
+1 x –2
NaNO2
The oxidation state of N is
+1 + x + 2(–2) = 0
∴ +1 + x − 4 = 0
∴ x = +3

ns
16. (A)
For the given reaction, oxidation number of Cr
changes from +6 to +3. Thus, it gets reduced.
17. (B)

io
The metallic iron is oxidised to Fe3+.
18. (A) 19. (B)

at
20. (C)
21. (B)
2Fe3(aq)
+ 2+
+ Sn (aq) 2+
→ 2Fe(aq) 4+
+ Sn (aq)

22. (D)
lic
(A) KI3 = (+1) + (3x) = 0
1
3x = –1; x = −
ub
3
(B) KI = (+ 1) + (x) = 0
x = –1
(C) IF5 = x + 5(–1) = 0
x–5=0
P

(D) KIO4 = (+1) + x + 4(–2) = 0

x–8+1=0
x = +7
et

23. (A)

Compound Formula O.N. of N

rg

I. Nitric acid HNO3 +5

II. Nitrous oxide N2O +1
III. Sodium nitrite NaNO2 +3
Ta

IV. Nitric oxide NO +2

24. (B)
25. (D)
+4 +3
(A) NO2 → NO −2 , N is reduced.
+5 +2
(B) NO → NO, N is reduced.
−
3

+5 –3
(C) NO3− → NH 4+ , N is reduced.
–3 0
(D) NH → N2 , N is oxidised.
+
4

11