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MATHEMATICS
Quarter 4 – Module 4
Angle of Elevation and
Angle of Depression

NegOr_Q4_Mathematics9_Module4_v2
 Mathematics – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 4 – Module 4: APPLICATION OF TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS INVOLVING RIGHT
TRIANGLES
Second Edition, 2021

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Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
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Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher ownership over them and authors do not
represent or claim.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Author: RONA G. OQUENDO

Editors: Nolan Ryan R. Alas-as, Florencio M. Bartolo, Jr., Joena P. Vidal
& Teresita P. Bubole
Reviewers: Melba S. Tumarong & Cheryl V. Acabal
Illustrators: Christian Even D. Santillan
Layout Artist: Christian Even D. Santillan

Management Team: Senen Priscillo P. Paulin, CESO V Elisa L. Baguio, EdD

Joelyza M. Arcilla, EdD, CESE Rosela R. Abiera
Marcelo K. Palispis, JD, EdD Maricel S. Rasid
Nilita S. Ragay, EdD Elmar L. Cabrera

Inilimbag sa Pilipinas ng ________________________

Department of Education - Region VII Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Office Address: Kagawasan, Ave., Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tel #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
E-mail Address: negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph

NegOr_Q4_Mathematics9_Module4_v2
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each
SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you
need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of
the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-
check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust
that you will be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can
best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part
of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests.
And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at our own pace and time. You will be enabled to process
the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

The module is intended for you to use the trigonometric ratios to solve real-life
problems involving right triangles

What I Know

Direction: Read, analyze, solve and write the letter of the correct answer in your answer
sheet.

1. Which of the following equations can solve the missing part of the right triangle in the
figure below?
B

18 c

22°
C b A
18
a. B = (22° - 90°) c. b = tan 22°

18 18
b. c = cos 22° d. b = sin 22°

2. In rt.∆ COD angled at O, if ∠D is an acute angle what is its opposite side?

C

a. c c. d
b. o d. D

O D

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3. Using the figure on number 3, if ∠D is 60° and o = 20, what is c?
a. 11 b. 30 c. 12 d. 10

4. In right ∆BCA, if ∠B =80° , and a = 14, what is c?

a. 80.62 b. 85.62 c. 80.52 d. 82.62

C A

5. ∆ABC is 45-45-90 triangle with rt. angle at B. The length of the hypotenuse is 10,
what is the length of the legs?
a. 5 b. 5√2 c. 6 d. 6√2

What’s In
Consider the right triangle ACB below.

b c

C B
a

The hypotenuse of the triangle is c

If ∠ A is given, then side a is the opposite side and b is the adjacent side

Use SOH-CAH-TOA, a mnemonic for remembering the equations:

𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
Sin = ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒

𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡
Cos = ℎ𝑦𝑝𝑜𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑠𝑒

𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑒
Tan =
𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡

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 What’s New
"

“Draw my Problem”

Directions:

1. Draw the pictures presented by the information in the problem given. (These
problems don’t ask for an answer.)

2. Label properly the parts that are given.

3. Assume that building, lamp post, etc. are all on level ground.

4. Clear and accurate illustrations are necessary.( 5pts each )

Show the illustrations in your notebook.

1.

A bird sits on top of a 5-meter lamppost. The angle of depression

from the bird to the feet of an observer standing away from the
lamppost is 35°

2.

The angle of elevation of the top of the building from a point

30 meters away from the building is 65°.

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(htt105) What is It
Problem Solving Involving Right Triangles

Solving problems involving right triangles requires knowledge of some terms of

importance in a particular field.

Line of sight - is an imaginary line that connects the eye of an observer to the object being
observed.

Observer line of
) sight
angle of depression angle of
) elevation
observer
line of sight
object

https://www.mathsisfun.com/definitions/angle-of-elevation.html

Angle of elevation - the acute angle made by the line of sight and the eye level of the
observer.

Angle of depression - the acute angle measured from the level of the observer to his line of
sight if the observer is in a higher elevation than the object of observation,

Examples of angle of elevation:

1.) Two hikers are 400 meters from the base of the radio tower. The
measurement of the angle of elevation to the top of the tower is 46°. How high
is the tower?

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Solution:

Use the mnemonic TOA. x is the opposite side and b is the adjacent side of ∠A.
𝑥
tan 46 = 400

x = 400 tan 46°

x = 400 (1.0355)

x = 414.2 meters

2.) If a 150 ft church tower cast a shadow 210 ft long. Find the measure of the
angle of elevation of the sun.

Solution:
𝑜𝑝𝑝
tan 𝜃= 𝑎𝑑𝑗

150
tan 𝜃 = 210

tan 𝜃 = 0.7143

∠𝜽 = 35°32’

Examples of angle of depression:

1.) From the top of the control tower 250 m tall, a rock is sighted on the ground
below. If the rock is 170 m from the base of the tower, find the angle of
depression of the rock from the top of the control tower. Correct your answer to
the nearest degree.
Solution:
𝑎
tan A = 𝑏

250
tan A = 170

tan A = 1.4706
A = 55.78
∠A = 56°
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2.) A flagpole is 85 ft high. The angle of elevation of the sun is 52°.
What is the length of the shadow cast by the flagpole?
Solution:

𝑜𝑝𝑝
tan 𝜃 = 𝑎𝑑𝑗

85
tan 52° = 𝑥

85
x = tan 52°

x = 66.41 ft

What’s More

Answer the following base on the situation given.

1. In rt. ∆ XYZ angled at Y, if ∠X is an acute angle what is the

a. Opposite side
b. Adjacent side
c. Hypotenuse

2. Using the given information, find the following:

a. Side p
b. ∠M

p o = 35

O 47° P
m

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 3. A bamboo pole is leaning against a tree. If the height of the
tree is 12 ft and the angle made by the pole and the ground is
40°, what is the length of the pole?(Let x be the unknown side)

What I Have Learned

Fill-in the chart below. Write your answers on your notebook.

3 things I learned:

2 things that interest me:

1 application of what I learned:

What I Can Do

Direction: From the given problems below, read, analyze, draw and show your
solutions in your notebook. You will be rated by your teacher according to the
following scale:
Drawing → 1- 10
Solutions → 1- 10

1.) A man is 1.8 m tall. He stands 50 m away from the base of a building. His angle of
elevation to the top of the building is 70°. Calculate an estimate of the height of the building.
Give your answer to an appropriate degree of accuracy.

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 Assessment

Solve each problem and write the letter of the correct answer:

1. An observer on a lighthouse 160 ft above sea level saw a vessel moving

directly towards the lighthouse. He observed that the angle of
depression is 42°, how far is the vessel from the base of the tower?

a. 177.70 ft. c. 140.77 ft.

b. 170.77 ft. d. 147.70 ft.

2. A kite held by 125 m of string makes an angle of elevation with the

ground of 45°. About how high is the kite above the ground?

a. 62.8 m c. 88.4 m
b. 75.1 m d. 113.6 m

3. From the top of a barn 7.62 m high, you see a cat on the ground. The
angle of depression of the cat is 40°. How many meters must the cat
walk to reach the barn?

a. 9.08 m c. 9.81 m
b. 9.80 m d. 9.18 m

4. With the sun, a girl 1.4 m tall casts a 3.6 m shadow. Find the angle of
elevation from the tip of the shadow to the sun. Express your answer to
the nearest degree.

a. 19° b. 21° c. 20° d. 22°

Additional Activities

Direction: From the given problems below, read, analyze, draw and show your
solutions in your notebook. You will be rated by your teacher according to the
following scale:
Drawing → 1- 10
Solutions → 1- 10

1.) From the top of a 72 m high vertical cliff, a boat has an angle of depression of 32°. How
far is the boat from the base of the cliff? Give your answer to an appropriate degree of
accuracy.
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Answer Key

What I Know
1. c
2. c
3. d
4. a
5. b
What’s More
1. a) x
b) z
c) y
2. a) p = 25.60
b) ∠M = 43°
3. x = 18.67 ft.
What I Can Do
1.) 139.1 m tall
Assessment
1. a
2. c
3. a
4. b
Additional Activities:
1.) 115.2 m

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References
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n.d. https://www.coursehero.com/file/117319528/Math-9-Q4-Module-4pdf//.
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n.d. https://bit.ly/3K7mwCj.
2021. August 8. https://www.careeracada.com/neco-mathematics-questions-and-answers-
2021-expo/.
n.d. https://bit.ly/3nmHnaV.
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n.d. https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/ztj6y4j/revision/4.
2015. Mathematics-Grade 9 Teacher's Guide (1st Ed). DepEd.

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