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HISTOLOGY SLIDES FIRST YEAR MBBS Rawalpindi Medical College

Presentation · February 2014

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Nowera Zafar
Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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HISTOLOGY SLIDES

FIRST YEAR MBBS

Rawalpindi Medical College
 SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM
Identification points:
• Flattened cells
• Surface view: rounded central nucleus
• Cross section: elongated nucleus
 SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM
Identification Points:
• Cuboidal cells (height almost the same as width)
• Central rounded nuclei
• Surface view: polygonal
 SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM
Identification points:
• Single layer of elongated cells
• Height of cell > width of cell
• Elongated basal nuclei
SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM WITH
GOBLET CELLS
Identification Points:
• Elongated column shaped cells (height > width)
• Elongated basal nuclei
• Goblet cells have central and oval nuclei
STRATIFIED CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM
Identification points:
• Multilayered
• Basal cells: high cuboidal or low columnar
• Surface layer: cuboidal
 STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS NON
KERATINIZED EPITHELIUM

Identification Points:
• Surface squamous flattened cells
• No keratin
• Middle layer: polygonal cells
• Basal layer: high cuboidal/low columnar cells
 PSEUDO STRATIFIED COLUMNAR
EPITHELIUM
Identification Points:
• Single layer of cells
• Some cells are columnar; others are cuboidal
• Nuclei lying at different levels; give the false appearance of ‘stratified’
epithelium
EPIDIDYMUS
 TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM
Identification Points:
• Basal layer of cuboidal cells
• Next, four layers of polygonal cells
• Next, two layers of pear shaped cells
• Upper most layer of umbrella shaped cells
 THIN SKIN

Identification Points:
• Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium
• Dense irregular CT beneath
• Hair follicles and roots present
• Sebaceous glands
• Sweat glands
 THICK SKIN
Identification Points:
• Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium
• No hair roots and follicles
• Pacinian corpuscles
 DENSE REGULAR C.T
Identification Points:
• Parallel collagen fibres in the form of bundles
• Compressed elongated fibroblasts between the collagen fibres
 MUCOUS ACINI
Identification Points:
• Pyramidal cells
• Apical portion lightly stained
• Basal portion darkly stained
• Flattened nuclei towards the base
 FIBRO CARTILAGE

Identification Points:
• No perichondrium
• Chondrocytes within lacunae, arranged in rows
• Collagen fibres arranged parallel
 ELASTIC CARTILAGE
Identification Points:
• Perichondrium is present
• Elastic fibres in matrix
• Basophilic ground substance around lacunae
• Chondrocytes in lacunae in the form of isogenous groups
 HYALINE CARTILAGE
Identification Points:
• Dense Irregular CT (perichondrium)
• Chondrocytes within lacunae
• Chondrocytes in the form of isogenous groups
• Naked eye examination: Bluish white translucent appearance
Costal Hyaline cartilage
 ARTICULAR CARTILAGE
Identification Points:
• Superficial tangential layer
• Intermediate transitional layer
• Radial zone
• Calcified zone
 COMPACT BONE
Identification Points:
• Haversion Canal
• Lamellae
• Osteocytes in lacunae
• Volkmann’s canal
 SPONGY BONE
Identification Points:
• Trabeculae
• Red marrow
• Spikes
• Periosteum: outer fibrous, inner cellular
 CARDIAC MUSCLE
Identification Points:
• Branched
• Striated
• Intercalated discs
 SMOOTH MUSCLE
Identification points:
• Non striated appearance
• Single central nucleus
• Spindle shaped cells
 SKELETAL MUSCLES

Identification Points:
• Characteristic striated appearance
• Peripheral nuclei
• Nucleus ovoid in shape
PERIPHERAL NERVE
 CEREBRUM
Identification points:
• Pyramidal and non pyramidal cells
• Arranged in the form of layers (mention the names) – properly visible only
by ‘Nissl staining method’
 CEREBELLUM
Identification Points:
From outwards to inwards:
• Molecular layer with fan shaped dendrites, stellate cells and basket cells
(but cell population is very low)
• Flask shaped Perkinge cells
• Granular layer (deeply basophilic appearance of closely packed nuclei)
 SPINAL CORD
Identification Points:
• Central canal
• Butterfly shaped grey matter
• Dorsal median sulcus and ventral median fissure (depending on the
portion under examination)
 ELASTIC ARTERY

Identification Points:
• No distinct outer and inner elastic membranes
• Tunica adventitia: merges with CT, contains vasa vasorum
• Tunica media: elastic fibres are present in a large amount
• Tunica intima: Simple squamous endothelium, subendothelial CT
 MUSCULAR ARTERY
Identification Points:
• Tunica intima: darkly stained
• Tunica media: smooth muscle fibres arranged in circular patterns
• Tunica adventitia: collagen (lightly stained); elastic (darkly stained)
 LYMPH NODE
Identification Points:
• Primary follicles/nodules without germinal centre
• Secondary follicles/nodules with germinal centre
• Irregular anastomosing ‘medullary cords’
• Subcapsular sinuses
 THYMUS
Identification Points:
• Medulla is lightly stained
• Hassall’s corpuscles in medulla
• Epithelioreticular cells; stellate shaped
 SPLEEN
Identification Points:
• Red pulp: splenic cord and venous sinuses
• White pulp: contains lymphatic nodules and germinal centre
• Splenic sinuses
• No differentiation into cortex and medulla
 TONSIL
Identification Points:
• Stratified squamous non keratinized epithelium
• Crypt
• Trabeculae
• Lymphatic nodules
TRACHEA
 LUNG
Identification Points:
• Alveoli: Type I alveolar cells (simple squamous epithelium); Type II alveolar
cells (cuboidal cells)
• Respiratory bronchioles: lined by simple cuboidal epithelium
 ADIPOSE TISSUE
(WHITE)
Identification Points:
• Unilocular
• Nuclei towards periphery
• Spherical
 THE END

By Nowera Zafar
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