STS CHAP 2

FALL OF ROME - 476!!

ROMULUS WAS THE LAST ROMAN EMPEROR IN THE WEST, HE WAS OVERTHROEN BY
ODOACER YONG UNANG BARBARIAN NA NAGRULE SA ROME. DAHIL DIN SA KANYA
BAT BUMAGSAK ANG ROME KASI NGA BARBARIC SYA. TATLONG MAIN REASON BAKIT
BUMAGSAK ROME;

UNA; POLITICAL. YONG GOBYERNO AT SISTEMA MISMO AY MAGULO AT WALANG

STRONG NA LEADERSHIP GALING KAY ODOACER AT SA MGA SUMUNOD PANG
BARBARIC LEADERS NG ROME. MARAMING ASSASSINATIONS, CIVIL WAR PATI INNER
TURMOIL. CINONTROL DIN NG ARMY YUNG STATE DAHIL SA GREED NILA.

PANGALAWA; ECONOMIC, YUNG COST PARA MAMAINTAIN YUNG GANONG KALAKI NG

EMPIRE SUMAHIN MO PA YUNG CORRUPTION. KAYA SA TAUMBAYAN NILA TO KINUHA
AT NAGRAISE PA SILA NG TAXES. YONG VALUE NAMAN NUNG COINS AY NAG
DECREASE WHILE YUNG PRICES AY TUMAAS. IN SHORT, INFLATION!!

PANGATLO, MORAL; NAWALA ANG DISIPLINA, DUTY AT LOYALTY KUNDI PURO NALANG
SILA GREEDY BASTARDS. PEOPLE WANTED FREE FOOD AND ENTERTAINMENT. FAMILY
LIFE ALSO DISINTEGRATED

PANG APAT, MAY THEORY DIN NA NAGSASABI NA YUNG LEAD POISONING AY ISA DIN
SA DAHILAN, THEY USED LEAD WATER PIPES KASI.

KEY THINGS; ODOACER, 476 AND BAKIT BUMAGSAK ROME

DARK AGES - 476 UNTIL 918

ANG NAGBIGAY NG IDEYA NG DARK AGES AY ANG ITALIAN SCHOLAR NA SI

FRANCESCO PETRARCH, ANG IBIG SABIHIN NG DARK AGES AY PERIOD NG
INTELLECTUAL STAGNATION, POLITICAL INSTABILITY AND ECONOMIC HARDSHIP

YONG MGA VIKING, NAGSIMULA SILA MAG RAID AT MAGSETTLE SA MGA PARTS NG
EUROPE KATULAD NG ENGLAND, IRELAND, SCOTLAND PATI FRANCE.

LIFE IN THE MIDDLE AGES

FEUDALISM - ITO UNG POLITICAL AND SOCIAL ECONOMIC SYSTEM NG MEDIEVAL
PERIOD

PEASANTS, WALANG NAGMAMAY ARI SA KANILA PERO SILA AY SEFS WHICH IS

SERVANTS. YONG MGA ANI NILA AY UNG PORTIO NON NAPUPUNTA SA KANILANG
LORD WHILE SOMETIMES THE ALSO DO WORK FOR THEIR LORD. MERON SILANG GIVE
AND TAKE RELATIONSHIP DAHIL PINOPROTEKTAHAN DIN SILA NG KANILANG LORD IN
TIMES OF WAR OR RAIDS.

THEY USE MILL HOUSE WHICH HAVE A WATER WHEEL TO GRIND THE GRAINS,
NAPAPADALI NITO UNG PANG PRODUCE NG GRAINS.

YUNG KANILANG MGA BAHAY NAMAN, GAWA SA MUD WALLS, CLAY FLOORS AND
THATCHED ROOF. AND THEY SHARE THIS WITH ANIMALS PARA MAS MAGING WARM.

YONG HORN PANES YUNG GINAWA NILANG GLASS KASI UNG GLASS NOON AY
EXPENSIVE AND CONSIDERED AS A LUXURY MATERIALS. DAHIL DITO, ONTI LANG ANG
KANILANG WINDOWS, OR MALIIT LANG. ANG GAMIT NILANG PANSARA AY WAXED
CLOTHES OR PARCHMENT.

SA KANILANG KAMA NAMAN, YUNG BUONG PAMILYA MINSAN SA ISANG KAMA LANG
NATUTULOG. YUNG MATTRESS NILA, PIECES OF CLOTHES LANG NA MAY STRAWS AND
DRIED LEAVES. MADALI ITONG NAGROROTT AT MARAMING INSEKTO. YOUNG
LAVENDER, TANSY AT IBA PANG HERBS YUNG NAGPAPA BANGO SA KANILANG KAMA
AT GINAGAMIT RIN NILA ITO PARA PAALISIN YUNG MGA BUGS.

FURNISHING; YUNG MGA PEASANTS OR SERFS, MERON SILANG KAMA, TABLE AND
COPULE OF WOODEN BENCH AND TRUNK. GAMT NILA PARA SA KANILANG PAHKAIN AT
INUMIN AY WOODEN BOWLS. IN MOST HOMES THEY SAT O PLAIN STOOLS OR
BENCHES. ONLY THE LORD WAS LIKELY TO HAVE A CHAIR WITH A BACK AND
ARMREST

YONG KANILANG PAGKAIN NAMAN, WALA SILANG CHIMNEYS, ANG PAGLULUTO LANG
AY GINAGAWA SA SIMPLE STONE HARTH IN THE CENTER OF THE ROOM. YUNG HOLE
SA BUBONG YUNG NAGSISILBIG CHIMNEY ANG KASO LANG PAG NAGULUTO SILA
NABABAOT UNG BAHAY NILA NG SMOKE PERO ANG GOOD SIDE, PARANG
DEODORANT YUNG SMOKE SA AMOY. DINNER YUNG KANILANG MAIN MEAL, THE
BASIC AND COMMONN EVERYDAY FOODS AY YUNG VEGETABLES, CEREALS,
LEGUMES BEER WINE SOUP OIL AND BREAD, MINSAN, MAY MEAT KATUAD NG PIG
RABBIT AT EGGS. MERON DI MINSAN NG MILK O FISH. AG WAY NILA SA PAGPRESERVE
NG FOOD AY GAMIT ANG SALT. YUNG SPICES, GINAGAMIT PARA MATAGO UNG BAD
CONDTION NUNG MEAT. NOTE; SPICES NUON AY NAPAKA MAHAL.

BATHING DURING THE MEDIEVAL TIMES

SA CHRISTIANS, ONLY THE WEALTHY CAN AFFORD BATHS, MOST OF THE PEOPLE
CLEANEDS MAYBE A COPULE OF TIMES A MONTH. YONG MGA MUSLIM, SILA AY
INOOBLIGA NG RELIHYYON NILA NA MAG WASH NG KANILANG MUKHA HANDA AND
FEET 5 TIMES A DAY, KAYA NAMAN YUNG MGA PUBLIC BATHS AY SIKAT SA MUSLIM
TOWNS.
EDUCATION
SA MEDIEVAL TIMES, YUNG MGA MAYAYAMAN LANG YUNG NATUTURUAN NG
CATHOLIC CHURCH, AT UNG MGA LALAKI LANG UNG PWEDE PUMASOK SA SCHOOL
KUNG SAAN TINUTURO SA KANILA UNG GRAMMAR, ASTRONOMY, PHILOSOPY AND
MATH. WHILE UNG MGA BABAE HINDI PWEDE PUMUNTA SA SCHOOL KUNDI MAG TAKE
LANG NGCLASSES TUNGKOL SA MUSC AT ARTS.

HINDI NILA PPINAHALAGAHAN YUNG SIYENSA AT NAGFOCUS SILA SA RELIHIYON.

PART 2

Islamic golden age, 1500 CE

Meron silanh access to classical knowledge, support form caliphs and rulers. Integration of
knowledge at pinapahalagahan nil ung math at siyensa.

Paano nga ba sila napunta or nalabel as islamic golden age? Well nagsimula ang islam sa
arabian peninsul noong early 7th century, tapos by the 13th centuryu, yung islama nag spread
na sila sa india at southeast asia.

Reasons ng success nila at yung expansion ng islam pati ng empire nito ay dahil sa, una;
strong arab army, and secondly, they use and develop a common language thus madali sila
nakkaag commmunicatae sa isat isa. Pangatlo, maayos yung treatment nila sa naconquer
nilang people, kay a walang naging revolt or anything na mapasama yungtingin sa kanila ng
mga nasakop nila.

Pharmacy - yonf mga islamic pharmasict, magaling sila sa pag compound ng medicies. Para
makacreate ng pharmaceutical formulatipns, gumagamit sila ng plant extracts, minerals, pati
animal production. Ginagamit naman nila to sa pag treat nf diseases at health conditions. So
talagang maayos na yung set of beliefs nila pag dating sa medicines.

Medicine- yong mga muslim ay nnagset up ng isang systema kung saan may medica traininfs
which included qualifyng exams para maging isang doctor o pharamsis, so hidi lang sya basta
basta. Yong mga arab doctors, hindi sila mdamot sa informasyon at na publish nila yung
kanilang gawa at scietific discoveries sa mundo.

IBN SINA AVICENNA (980 TILL 1037) 5 DESCRIPTION

ISA SYANG PERSIAN POLYMATH AT FATHER NG MODERN MEDICINE, HE WAS VERY
INDULGED IN MEDICINE, PHILO ATSRO MATH AND CHEM. TAWAG RIN SA KANYA AY
CAON OF MEDICINE, SYA RIN YUNG FOUNDER NG EARLY MODERN MEDICINE.
MATHEMATICS (5)
Islam they made major strides in the field of algebra, geometry at trigo. In which the used para
magsolve ng practical problems. Contributions can be traced to AL KHAWARIXMI 9780-850) si
al khawarismi ung nag intorduce ng algebra at yung pinaka revolutionary na contribution nya ay
yung developmet of numbers at yung dicovery of zero(sifr)

SCIENTIFIC METHOD(3)
- yung scientific method, it was first developed in the muslim world, kung saan mayroong
signifacnt progress sa methodology.
- yung pinaka importanteng declopment ng scientific method ay ung use of experimentation and
quantifictaion
- yong mga muslim scientist trinanslate nila yung greek classics and they made far reaching
achievments i many fields using them as a basis

ADVANCEMENT IN MEDICINE
-Sa field ng medisina yong mga muslim ay nag laid down ng foundations sa maraming
sub-areas ng medisina
-parehong preventive at remedial aspect ng medicina ay naresearch at nadevelop
- si AL RAZI , isa syang 9th century persian physician who made the first major muslim
contribution sa medisina nong nag develop sya ng treatment sa small pox at measles
- the muslims also made advancement to the treatment of cataracts which is the main cause of
blindness during the old age

THE THEORY OF FOUR HUMOURS

- Humors ay yung mga bodily fluid na cinoconisider as cardinal bodily fluid which makes a
person healthy. Pleghm, yellow bile, black bile, at blood