Professional Documents
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CFE K1000-01
SPECIFICATION
MAY 2016
MEXICO
160706
160506
POLE TYPE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS SPECIFICATION
CFE K1000-01
1 OBJECTIVE ___________________________________________________________________________ 1
7 MARKED ______________________________________________________________________________ 5
7.2 Plate of Data of the switch and of the Fuse of Expulsion ______________________________________ 5
BOARD 4 – Strain maximum of designation and operation keep going of the lightning arrester _____________15
BOARD 8 – Maximum strain of download of the lightning arrester of the secondary ______________________16
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POLE TYPE DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMERS SPECIFICATION
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APPENDIX TO (Normative) CHARACTERISTICS PARTICULARS ________________________________________ 6
APPENDIX d (Normative) COMPOSITION CHEMISTRY OF THE STEEL STAINLESS FOR TANKS ___________24
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1 PURPOSE
Establish the requirements functional additional, that they must achieve the transformers of distribution pole type
acquired by the Federal Electricity Commission (CFE).
2 FIELD OF APPLICATION
Apply to transformers self-cooled in oil, tank sealed, triphasic, single-phase and self-protected single-phase.
Coastal type are included.
For the correct utilization of this specification is necessary apply the following rules either the that the replace:
NOM-002- SEDE- 1999 Safety and Energy Efficiency Requirements for Transformers of
Distribution.
NMX-J-234-ANCE- 2001 Insulators - Bushings of Porcelain of high and Low Strain for
Distribution Equipment , Exterior and Interior Service -
Specifications.
CFE 53100-84- 2016 Bushings of Porcelain for Equipment of Distribution with Tensions
of Operation of 38 kV and Minors.
The transformers of pole type distribution, must comply with the indicated in the standards NOM-002-SEDE, NMX-J-
116-ANCE and what is indicated in this specification for all procedures related to them.
Any alternative or technological improvement that does not affect the normal operation of the transformer must be
evaluated by the user area of the Commission for acceptance.
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The transformers of distribution guy post single-phase and triphasic to the that HE refers this specification They are
described in tables 1, 2 and 3.
The manufacturer is responsible for compliance with the standards applicable to the transformer and all its accessories as
a single unit.
For he transformer guy normal has to be of steel to the coal and for he guy coast they must be of steel grade 304 or
409 stainless steel as indicated in Appendix D.
They must be of steel stainless degree A2 either A4 and achieve with it described in he Appendix d.
He frame for the protection of bushings of low strain has to achieve with the rule NMX-J-116- ANCE.
a) Symbol of land above either in a side stand of the connector of the tank to land.
d) For coast type transformers, the legend “A. STAINLESS", below the kVA.
4.1.1.2.1 Abroad _ _
The transformer tank must have a coating that protects it for at least 5 years without maintenance against corrosion,
which in turn must comply with the values indicated in the CFE D8510-01 specification.
The color must be sand or gray that meets the values indicated in the CFE D8510-01 specification according to Appendix
C of this specification.
4.1.1.2.2 Inside
Has to be of color clear either of the same color of the abroad and that No affect the characteristics of the liquid insulating.
The surfaces internal of the tank, before of cover up they must undergo to a process of preparation of surface.
The transformers they must be designed and manufactured for reach a life useful expected of when less 20 years
under operating conditions in accordance with standards NMX-J-116-ANCE and NMX-J-409.
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4.1.2.1 Oil
The supplier must supply the transformers with the characteristics described in the NMX-J-123-ANCE standard and
with a dielectric breakdown voltage with flat electrodes (2.54 mm) of 40 kV minimum after conditioning and before
filling, and 30 kV minimum after filling and before energizing the transformer.
4.1.2.2 Bushings
They must achieve with the rules NMX-J-234-ANCE and the CFE 53100-84 .
The drain and/or sampling valve, as well as the nipple for tightness testing, are indicated in the Particular
Characteristics when required.
In the case of three-phase transformers, the primary winding must be connected in delta ( ) and the secondary
winding in star (Y).
The core must be connected to ground at a single point through a sheet of copper, aluminum or the same silicon steel.
The CFE accepts supports with other geometric configurations as long as they meet the mechanical resistance to
support the mass of the transformer and maintaining electrical distances.
5 CONDITIONS OF OPERATION
5.1 Altitude
The pole-type distribution transformers considered in this specification must be manufactured to operate at a minimum
altitude of 2 300 m.
All normal and coastal type transformers covered by this specification must be for an average temperature rise of the
windings of 65 °C.
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NOTE: If transformers are required to be installed in Hot Climate Zones, the average temperature rise of the windings must be 55 °C,
with a thermal capacity of the insulation of 65 °C, indicating this requirement in the Particular Characteristics (Appendix A).
Warm Climate Zones : Where the maximum ambient temperature exceeds 40 °C and the average ambient
temperature during any 24-h period exceeds 30 °C.
6 CONTROL OF QUALITY
The transformers they must achieve with the evidence prototype, routine and acceptance that HE indicate in specification.
Quality control must be supervised by the CFE represented by the LAPEM, or the natural or legal person who the
latter designates.
During the receipt inspection, all transformers with losses greater than the guarantee values are accepted with a
penalty charge, as long as they do not exceed the limit values established in the NOM-002-SEDE standard and
tolerances established in the NMX-J standards. -116-ANCE.
With each new prototype, the tests indicated for this purpose in the NMX-J-116-ANCE standard and in accordance with
the methods indicated in the NMX-J-169-ANCE must be carried out.
Prototype tests can be carried out on a normal type transformer and subsequently perform routine tests on the self-
protected and/or shore type versions of the same transformer model. If the normal type does not comply with the
temperature rise for the coast type, the temperature rise test must be carried out on the coast type prototype, thereby
approving these models in their versions, in addition to the partially self-protected ones.
The acceptance tests are routine and are those indicated in the NMX-J-116-ANCE standard and those considered
additional by this specification.
Insulation resistance test and power factor must comply with the values indicated in tables 9 and 10 respectively.
Tests of dielectric strength of the insulating liquid, ohmic resistance of windings, insulation resistance and power factor
of insulation can be carried out by sampling in production. For inspection purposes, they must be carried out on 100%
of the selected sample.
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The inspection and sampling of the transformers that must be subjected to acceptance tests is done in accordance
with what is established in the bibliographic reference [4].
7 MARKED
The method of engraving the plate data is at the option of the manufacturer with the legible data, established by the
NMX-J-116-ANCE standard and the following:
a) Logo of CFE.
The plate with the characteristics of the switch and the fuse must be of the same material engraved, and fixed in the
same way as the plate that indicates the nominal characteristics of the transformer. Their shape and dimensions must
be similar.
This plate must have all the information corresponding to the switch and fuse installed on the corresponding
transformer engraved. This information includes at least the following:
b) Brand.
HE you accept that these data HE include in the plate of data of the transformer.
The transformers must of surrender protected against driving rude, for avoid deterioration or abuse due to collisions or
friction between teams.
Unless otherwise specified, this protection should consist of a platform preferably made of wood or other material
similar in mechanical resistance and suitable for transportation between the journey from the factory to its final
installation.
The dimensions of the platform must be at least 50 mm larger per side than the dimensions of the projected area of the
transformer.
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APPENDIX TO
(Normative)
CHARACTERISTICS INDIVIDUALS
Element Request
9 BIBLIOGRAPHY
[2] CFE D8500-01- 1999 Guide for the Selection and Application of Coatings
Anticorrosives.
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[7] CFE VA400-43-1998 Lightning arrester Guy Distribution of Oxides Metallic for
Alternating Current Systems.
[17] ASTM D2244-2002 Standard Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and
Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color
Coordinates
[18] ISO 683/13-1986 (Type 11) Heat-treatable steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels –
Part 13: Wrought stainless steels
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NOTE:
3 = Three phase
D = Distribution
C = Coast type
HE recommends use preferably the capabilities of (fifteen), (30), (Four. Five) and (75) kVA.
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. . . continuation
Keep going . . .
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. . . continuation
Keep going . . .
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. . . continuation
NOTE:
D = Distribution
1 = Singl phase
C = Coast type
HE recommends use preferably the capabilities of (10), (fifteen), (25), (37.5) and (50) kVA.
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NOTE:
d = Distribution
TO = Self-protected
C = Coast type
1 = Single phase
Keep going . . .
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...continuation
NOTE: If recommends use the capabilities of (10), (fifteen), (25), (37.5), and (fifty) kVA .
The lightning arrester for these transformers correspond to (10), (12), (18), (twenty-one), (27) and (30) kV (see board 5).
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TABLE 4 – Voltage maximum of designation and operation keep going of the lightning arrester
Isolation
Rated voltage of Designation Strain maximum of
level
transformer (kV voltage (kV Operation
of the transformer
rmc) rcm) continuous (kV
(kV)
rcm)
13.2YT/7.62- (N) 10 8.4
fifteen 13.2YT/7.62- ® 12 10.2
13.2 12 10.2
22.86YT/13.2- (N) 18 15.3
18
22.86YT/13.2- ® twenty-one 17.0
23.0 twenty-one 17.0
25 33.0YT/19.05- (N) 27 22.0
33.0YT/19.05- ® 30 24.4
34.5 33.0 30 24.4
NOTE: It is recommended to preferably use it with a connected neutral. In Particular Characteristics it must be
indicated if required for ground return operation.
N = Neutral run
R = Return by land
Ability interruptive
Insulation Level Rated voltage of Voltage of
asymmetric rcm
(kV) transformer (kV operation
(TO)
rcm) (kV)
13.,2YT/7.62 8.3 3 000
fifteen
13.2 14.4 2 000
18 22.86YT/13.2 14.4 2 000
23.0 25 1 200
25
33.0YT/19.05 19.9 1 200
34.5 33.0 34.5 1 200
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Maximum
Maximum wavefront
Maximum disruptive
Rated Voltage (V voltage, discharge
voltage (V discharge
rcm) disruptive (V crest *)
rcm) voltage at
60 Hz
(V rcm)
120/240 175/350 2 300 1 200
Transformer Not h – XT
1.3 %
Self Protected x – H.T.
h – XT
Transformer Self-protected 1.5 %
x – H.T.
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APPENDIX b
(Normative)
TRANSFORMERS SELF-PROTECTED
These transformers are only single-phase, of the coast or normal type and their characteristics are described in table
3.
He equipment of protection that as minimum has to install in each transformer self-protected is he following:
d) Indicator of overload.
In case of No be required all the items, HE has to indicate in the Characteristics Individuals .
The equipment and accessories mentioned above must comply with what is indicated in this specification and are the
responsibility of the manufacturer as they are an integral part of the transformer.
The lightning arresters in everything related to selection, testing and operation must comply with the characteristics
indicated in tables 4 and 5 (Bibliography [7]). They must be installed directly on the transformer tank (on a support
base) and connected directly to the primary bushing terminal. The bridge between the arrester and the nozzle must be
firmly connected by means of a flexible conductor.
The lightning arrester must supply without him support for mounting in cross-piece. The cable copper braided flexible
for ground connection must be with a minimum length of 250 mm.
For system protection distribution, against internal failures in the transformers, the fuse that is installed inside the
transformer and connected in series, between the internal terminal of the nozzle and the output of the primary coil.
If the transformer has a switch attached, the fuse must be coordinated to operate only as a backup to the switch or due
to an internal fault in the transformer.
For protection against secondary faults and overloads, it must be integrated into the transformer an oil-immersed
switch, coordinated with the fuse and comply with the following:
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a) For transformers until of 25 kVA has to have a switch, that dispose with Shooting thermal against
overloads. For transformers less than 25 kVA, their interrupting capacity must be at least 4,000 A
symmetrical effective and for 25 kVA it must be 6,000 A referred to the secondary.
b) For transformers of 37.5 kVA and larger, they must have a thermomagnetic switch, with
instantaneous trip for protection against short circuit and thermal trip against overloads. Its
interrupting capacity must be at least 10,000 effective symmetrical A referred to the secondary.
The losses originated in the switch are independent of the transformer losses and said losses in the switch must not be
greater than the values indicated in the CFE D8510-01 specification.
The handle of operation has to be designed and built for have surgery by half of pole guy shotgun.
He switch has to can be re-established mechanically when is operated by some failure in the grid secondary.
He device for sign has to mounted in the wall of the tank near of the handle of operation of the switch. The
indicator lamp must have an average life of 1,000 hours and be red.
The device allows the transformer to temporarily accept an overload of 10% of its nominal capacity, under full load
conditions.
TO option of CFE, HE has to indicate in the Characteristics Individuals Yeah HE requires install lightning arrester
in the secondary, which must have the characteristics indicated in tables 7 and 8.
The self-protected transformer must be subjected to all the tests indicated in this document specifically related to its
character as a self-protected transformer.
1. Goals
• Determine the performance and reliability of the coordination of protections between the switch and fuse.
expulsion under overload conditions, internal and external short circuit.
• Find out the suitable selection of the items of protection of the Transformer Self-protected.
2. Scope
• HE requires prove a transformer of each a of the following characteristics for validate the range of
transformers contemplated in this specification:
DA1-50-13200YT/7620-120/240
DA1-25-13200YT/7620-120/240
DA1-37.5-33000-120/240
DA1-10-33000-120/240
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NOTE: It former No is limitative for he case of that he maker require validate a prototype and No the spectrum complete of
transformers included in this current specification.
CFE reserves the right to carry out tests on transformers with characteristics similar or different to the four
defined.
• He transformer manufacturer must select and coordinate the operating curve of the switch and of the fuse, in
such a way that the first always operates when an external short circuit condition is detected in the secondary
limited by the impedance of the transformer or an overload that exceeds the daily useful life loss of 0.0137%
and the second operates for all cases of internal failure in the equipment separating it from the grid.
e) Worth of current of short circuit nominal limited by the impedance of the transformer.
10 consecutive switch opening and closing operations must be performed with the transformer de-energized, in order
to verify its correct mechanical operation by verifying its electrical continuity at the end of operations.
4.2 Proof of check of the protection thermal of the switch in condition of overload, normal
working position and emergency working position
This test is carried out on each prototype to verify the operation of the thermal interruption device under overload
conditions with an emergency lever in the normal position that guarantees a maximum daily loss of life of 0.0137%.
HE they must carry out two evidence of overload low the following conditions:
- With he switch in the position of job normal for conditions of operation that exceed the
normal cyclic loading regime.
- With the switch in the position emergency work conditions of operation that exceed the long-
term emergency cyclic loading regime.
In all tests he circuit of the device indicator of overload has to operate before that he switch thermal act.
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Each proof HE makes applying a voltage in he winding primary, with he secondary in short circuit, of such so that a
preload of equal magnitude is applied to the vacuum losses plus the load losses that occur with 90% of In, until the
temperature gradient at the top of the oil against the average ambient temperature does not vary. by more than 1 ºC
per hour for 3 consecutive hours, Subsequently, an overload will be applied (a), for a time (b), causing the thermal or
thermomagnetic switch to operate.
Data (a) and (b) must be provided by the manufacturer, as well as a technical loss calculation report. useful life
indicating a table for different ambient temperatures in steps of 5 ºC.
Has to be calculated the loss of life useful by day of the transformer with he switch in position normal.
The time of switch operation and overload signaling, applied current, upper oil level temperature and ambient
temperature must be recorded.
a) Switch operating times: This time should not exceed ±50% of the time specified by the
manufacturer.
b) Temperature in the part superior of the oil: No has to exist a difference of ± fifteen ºC of the
temperature specified by the manufacturer.
c) The overload of the transformer with he switch in position normal No has to exceed a loss of
life greater than 0.0137% per day.
d) The validation of the loss of useful life of the transformer is according to the calculation method of
the Mexican standard NMX-J-409-ANCE.
e) To the moment of the operation of the switch by overload in any position HE should reset
normally without presenting mechanical problems.
4.3 Proof for verify the No opening of the protection primary with currents of magnetization
(inrush)
This test is done to verify the capacity of the devices of protection against overcurrents for that do not act on
magnetizing currents (inrush) from the transformer.
To obtain the maximum inrush current, the core must be saturated with a remaining flux of a given polarity and the
transformer is subsequently energized, producing the greatest flux of the opposite polarity. This can be achieved by
applying three energizations at nominal voltage with the transformer in no-load condition, taking into account the zero
crossing of the positive sequence voltage.
HE has to perform more than a energization of the transformer, with the purpose to obtain the maximum current of
transformer inrush. The duration of each of the three energizations must be equal, in order to obtain the required flux
polarity in the core, in each of the tests. Each energization must have a duration of at least 100 ms.
The oscillograms of voltage and current applied during the test must be recorded and it must be verified that the
protections do not operate.
4.4 Proof of check of the protection against external short circuits for 50%, 75% and 100% of Icc
(maximum short circuit current limited by transformer impedance)
This test is performed to verify the switch's ability to detect and interrupt short circuit currents less than the rated short
circuit currents (equation 1).
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YO ( p . or ) = 100
ccn
Z cc (1)
(%)
Three tests must be carried out, one at 50%, 75% and 100% of the short circuit current limited by the transformer
impedance, with a maximum deviation of 5 %.
For this proof HE has to apply the strain in he winding of low strain and subsequently HE short circuit the medium
voltage winding. The minimum impedance tap (minimum voltage) must be used.
NOTE:
1. HE they can apply others percentages of current, with he end of draw the curve of operation of the switch.
2. With this proof No HE evaluate the part active of the transformer, only the coordination of protections.
HE they must to register the oscillograms of strain and current during the proof.
Must be verified:
That he time of operation of the switch be as maximum he 120 % of the indicated in the curve of coordination
provided by the manufacturer.
This verification is carried out by reviewing the interrupting current test reports of the fuse elements and their time-current
curves provided by the manufacturer.
Has to be verified:
That the curves provided by he maker of the transformer match with the curves of the maker of the fuse.
If the transformer has a thermal or thermomagnetic switch attached, the fuse must be coordinated so that it only operates
as a backup of the switch or due to an internal fault in the transformer.
The fuse must withstand the magnetizing current of the transformer, which can be calculated from the criteria shown in
table B1, and its capacity must be greater than the short circuit capacity of the transformer at 25 times the nominal
current for 2 s. Table B2 recommends how to calculate the magnitude of the short circuit current.
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The switches used in the secondary protection of transformers must have losses no greater than those established in
table A3.
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APPENDIX c
(Normative)
For the values and methodologies that HE they must achieve HE has to consider it described in the current
CFE D8510-01 specification.
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APPENDIX d
(Normative)
COMPOSITION CHEMISTRY OF THE STEEL STAINLESS FOR TANKS
The Steels Stainless Austenitics have a structure crystalline of expensive cubic centered.
These steels typically have a content of Chrome between he 16 and he 26% and a content of Nickel minor at 35%
The steels stainless Ferritic have a structure of body cubic centered. These steels
typically have a Chromium content of less than 30%.
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APPENDIX AND
(Informative)
INFORMATION TECHNIQUE
For acceptance of the prototype, the manufacturer must deliver to the CFE (Management of Distribution), for your
review and If applicable, 3 (three) copies, preferably double letter size, of the following plans:
a) Of dimensions general.
c) Core.
d) Coils.
j) Fuse.
l) Packaging.
The plans can be presented by families as indicated in tables 1, 2 and 3 of this specification and the elements common
to several families can be presented as follows: individual, in this second case it is enough to make the reference on a
general level.
The fact of approving the plans does not exempt the manufacturer liability and obligation to correct any defect or
deficiency that represents danger or malfunction and that had not been noted in the review of plans.
The drawings must be presented dimensioning the main parts of the product in their front “plan” (elevation) and “side”
views, with dimensions in millimeters and not necessarily to scale.
A list of parts must be presented that must refer to the concept number for identification in the drawing, indicating the
number of pieces, description of the concept. When the concept is an element of electrical operation, indicate
separately on the same drawing and in table form, the main electrical characteristics and draw the corresponding
detail.
The plans must have in the reference table at least the name of the product with the main nominal characteristics,
brand, model, type, manufacturer's catalog number, CFE standard number, as well as the signatures of the responsible
officials. Preferably above this box, a 100 x 100 mm blank space should be left for approval stamps and signatures.
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He maker has to deliver fifteen (fifteen) manuals technicians in each division where supply equipment.
It should be included in the operating manuals, the permitted overloads of their equipment and just like him pair of
tightening for the conductor clamping connectors.
HE has to achieve with the specification CFE L1000-32 in it that apply to the transformers of distribution p o l e type
.
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