Tension Test – Part 1

Lecture: 2

Mechanics of Materials Lab.

ME 352
Eng. Youssef Alammari

Source: Mechanics of Materials, R.C. Hibbler, Pearson, 8th edition

 Outline

• Tension Test Theory

• Force-deformation plot
• Stress-Strain Plot
• Least-Square Regression Method
• Brief Introduction to MATLAB®
• ASTM tension test standard
 Tensile Test Theory
𝑃
Tensile Stress: 𝜎 =
𝐴0
𝛿
Strain: 𝜀=
𝐿0

Where: Source: Mechanics of Materials, R.C. Hibbler, Pearson, 8th edition

σ : Engineering Stress [Mpa]
P : Applied Force [N]
A0 : Cross-sectional area [mm2]
ϵ : Strain [mm/mm]
δ : Elongation [mm]
L0 : Original gauge length [mm]

MPa is:
Stress-strain Curve
 Stress-strain Curve

Source: Mechanics of Materials, R.C. Hibbler, Pearson, 8th edition

Force vs. Elongation
Stress vs. Strain
 0.2% Offset Yield Strength

Source: Mechanics of Materials, R.C. Hibbler, Pearson, 8th edition

 Ductility, %Elongation

Adapted from Fig. 6.13, L f  Lo

Callister 6e. %EL  x100
Lo
Ao  A f
• Another ductility measure: %AR  x100
Ao
Measured or Calculated/Obtained
Measured Quantities Calculated or Obtained
Applied Force, P [N] Original cross-sectional area, A0 [mm2]
Elongation, δ [mm] Stress, σ [MPa]
Original Length, L0 [mm] Strain, ϵ [mm/mm]
Final Length, Lf [mm] Proportional limit stress σpl [MPa]
Original diameter, d0 [mm] 0.2% offset yield stress σY [MPa]
Final diameter, df [mm] Ultimate strength σ u [MPa]
Ductility, %Elongation or area
Modulus of elasticity, E [GPa]
Resilience [J.m-3]
Toughness [J.m-3]
 The Least-Square regression

• It is used to approximate a linear relationship between the dependent and

independent variables that describes the data points
 The Least-Square regression - Example

𝒚 𝒙 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟑𝟗𝟐𝟖 𝒙 + 𝟎. 𝟎𝟕𝟏𝟒𝟐𝟖
𝑎0 = 3.428571 − 0.83928 ∗ 4 = 0.071428
Brief Introduction to MATLAB®
 Standards
• American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
• Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN)
• International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
• ‫الهيئة السعودية للمواصفات والمقاييس والجودة‬
• … etc.
Homework

• Find the ASTM standard for tension testing of

Metallic materials.
• Perform the linear regression of the data given in
the previous example using MATLAB®
• There will be a quiz next lab (Week 4) related to
what we have leaned so far.